Evaluating a Cox marginal structural model to assess the comparative effectiveness of inhaled corticosteroids versus no inhaled corticosteroid treatment in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Purpose: To evaluate the potential of a Cox marginal structural model (MSM) to estimate the time-varying causal inference of a known clinical trial association where the effectiveness of inhaled corticosteroid- (ICS-) versus non–ICS-containing treatments has been compared in patients with chronic ob...
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Autor*in:	Cabrera, Claudia [verfasserIn] Quélen, Céline [verfasserIn] Ouwens, Mario [verfasserIn] Hedman, Katarina [verfasserIn] Rigney, Una [verfasserIn] Quint, Jennifer K. [verfasserIn]

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2021

Schlagwörter:	Marginal structural model Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Inhaled corticosteroid Epidemiology Comparative effectiveness COPD Exacerbations

Übergeordnetes Werk:	Enthalten in: Annals of epidemiology - Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier Science, 1990, 67, Seite 19-28
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:67 ; pages:19-28

DOI / URN:	10.1016/j.annepidem.2021.11.004

Katalog-ID:	ELV007623305

Internformat


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100	1		\|a Cabrera, Claudia \|e verfasserin \|4 aut
245	1	0	\|a Evaluating a Cox marginal structural model to assess the comparative effectiveness of inhaled corticosteroids versus no inhaled corticosteroid treatment in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
264		1	\|c 2021
336			\|a nicht spezifiziert \|b zzz \|2 rdacontent
337			\|a Computermedien \|b c \|2 rdamedia
338			\|a Online-Ressource \|b cr \|2 rdacarrier
520			\|a Purpose: To evaluate the potential of a Cox marginal structural model (MSM) to estimate the time-varying causal inference of a known clinical trial association where the effectiveness of inhaled corticosteroid- (ICS-) versus non–ICS-containing treatments has been compared in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Methods: This retrospective study from 2006–2016 used linked data from Clinical Practice Research Datalink-GOLD, Hospital Episode Statistics, and Office for National Statistics mortality. A Cox MSM, incorporating a new-user design, was deemed capable of replicating a clinical trial-like pathway. Repeated outcomes for exacerbation events and stabilized weights were used to include time-varying and fixed covariate exposures.Results: Of 45,958 patients, 55% were male; 52% had moderate COPD. ICS-treated patients had a higher incidence of comorbid asthma than non–ICS-treated patients. Adjusted hazard risk ratios for any exacerbation event: ICS and/or long-acting β2-agonist (LABA) versus long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA), 1.07 (95% confidence interval 1.04–1.10); ICS/LABA versus LABA and/or LAMA, 1.05 (1.00–1.10); ICS and/or LABA and/or LAMA versus LAMA, 1.04 (1.01–1.06); ICS and/or LABA and/or LAMA versus LABA and/or LAMA 1.02 (0.97–1.07).Conclusions: The Cox MSM was not able to fully demonstrate results consistent with the previously established benefits of ICS-containing treatments seen in clinical trials. Future studies should continue to investigate causal inference methods and their capability to estimate the long-term outcomes of treatment in COPD.
650		4	\|a Marginal structural model
650		4	\|a Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
650		4	\|a Inhaled corticosteroid
650		4	\|a Epidemiology
650		4	\|a Comparative effectiveness
650		4	\|a COPD Exacerbations
700	1		\|a Quélen, Céline \|e verfasserin \|4 aut
700	1		\|a Ouwens, Mario \|e verfasserin \|4 aut
700	1		\|a Hedman, Katarina \|e verfasserin \|0 (orcid)0000-0003-0163-418X \|4 aut
700	1		\|a Rigney, Una \|e verfasserin \|4 aut
700	1		\|a Quint, Jennifer K. \|e verfasserin \|4 aut
773	0	8	\|i Enthalten in \|t Annals of epidemiology \|d Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier Science, 1990 \|g 67, Seite 19-28 \|h Online-Ressource \|w (DE-627)320428494 \|w (DE-600)2003468-4 \|w (DE-576)255952090 \|x 1873-2585 \|7 nnns
773	1	8	\|g volume:67 \|g pages:19-28
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912			\|a GBV_ILN_22
912			\|a GBV_ILN_23
912			\|a GBV_ILN_24
912			\|a GBV_ILN_31
912			\|a GBV_ILN_32
912			\|a GBV_ILN_40
912			\|a GBV_ILN_60
912			\|a GBV_ILN_62
912			\|a GBV_ILN_63
912			\|a GBV_ILN_65
912			\|a GBV_ILN_69
912			\|a GBV_ILN_70
912			\|a GBV_ILN_73
912			\|a GBV_ILN_74
912			\|a GBV_ILN_90
912			\|a GBV_ILN_95
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912			\|a GBV_ILN_101
912			\|a GBV_ILN_105
912			\|a GBV_ILN_110
912			\|a GBV_ILN_151
912			\|a GBV_ILN_224
912			\|a GBV_ILN_370
912			\|a GBV_ILN_602
912			\|a GBV_ILN_702
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2001
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2003
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2004
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912			\|a GBV_ILN_2006
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2008
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2010
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2011
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2014
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2015
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2020
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2021
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912			\|a GBV_ILN_2055
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2056
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2059
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2061
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2064
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2065
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912			\|a GBV_ILN_2470
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2507
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2522
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4035
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4037
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4046
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4112
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4125
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4126
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4242
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4251
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4305
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4313
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4322
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4323
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4324
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4325
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4326
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4333
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4334
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4335
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4338
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4393
936	b	k	\|a 44.11 \|j Präventivmedizin
951			\|a AR
952			\|d 67 \|h 19-28

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bklnumber	44.11
publishDate	2021
allfields	10.1016/j.annepidem.2021.11.004 doi (DE-627)ELV007623305 (ELSEVIER)S1047-2797(21)00323-9 DE-627 ger DE-627 rda eng 610 DE-600 44.11 bkl Cabrera, Claudia verfasserin aut Evaluating a Cox marginal structural model to assess the comparative effectiveness of inhaled corticosteroids versus no inhaled corticosteroid treatment in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2021 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Purpose: To evaluate the potential of a Cox marginal structural model (MSM) to estimate the time-varying causal inference of a known clinical trial association where the effectiveness of inhaled corticosteroid- (ICS-) versus non–ICS-containing treatments has been compared in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Methods: This retrospective study from 2006–2016 used linked data from Clinical Practice Research Datalink-GOLD, Hospital Episode Statistics, and Office for National Statistics mortality. A Cox MSM, incorporating a new-user design, was deemed capable of replicating a clinical trial-like pathway. Repeated outcomes for exacerbation events and stabilized weights were used to include time-varying and fixed covariate exposures.Results: Of 45,958 patients, 55% were male; 52% had moderate COPD. ICS-treated patients had a higher incidence of comorbid asthma than non–ICS-treated patients. Adjusted hazard risk ratios for any exacerbation event: ICS and/or long-acting β2-agonist (LABA) versus long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA), 1.07 (95% confidence interval 1.04–1.10); ICS/LABA versus LABA and/or LAMA, 1.05 (1.00–1.10); ICS and/or LABA and/or LAMA versus LAMA, 1.04 (1.01–1.06); ICS and/or LABA and/or LAMA versus LABA and/or LAMA 1.02 (0.97–1.07).Conclusions: The Cox MSM was not able to fully demonstrate results consistent with the previously established benefits of ICS-containing treatments seen in clinical trials. Future studies should continue to investigate causal inference methods and their capability to estimate the long-term outcomes of treatment in COPD. Marginal structural model Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Inhaled corticosteroid Epidemiology Comparative effectiveness COPD Exacerbations Quélen, Céline verfasserin aut Ouwens, Mario verfasserin aut Hedman, Katarina verfasserin (orcid)0000-0003-0163-418X aut Rigney, Una verfasserin aut Quint, Jennifer K. verfasserin aut Enthalten in Annals of epidemiology Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier Science, 1990 67, Seite 19-28 Online-Ressource (DE-627)320428494 (DE-600)2003468-4 (DE-576)255952090 1873-2585 nnns volume:67 pages:19-28 GBV_USEFLAG_U SYSFLAG_U GBV_ELV SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_101 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 44.11 Präventivmedizin AR 67 19-28
spelling	10.1016/j.annepidem.2021.11.004 doi (DE-627)ELV007623305 (ELSEVIER)S1047-2797(21)00323-9 DE-627 ger DE-627 rda eng 610 DE-600 44.11 bkl Cabrera, Claudia verfasserin aut Evaluating a Cox marginal structural model to assess the comparative effectiveness of inhaled corticosteroids versus no inhaled corticosteroid treatment in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2021 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Purpose: To evaluate the potential of a Cox marginal structural model (MSM) to estimate the time-varying causal inference of a known clinical trial association where the effectiveness of inhaled corticosteroid- (ICS-) versus non–ICS-containing treatments has been compared in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Methods: This retrospective study from 2006–2016 used linked data from Clinical Practice Research Datalink-GOLD, Hospital Episode Statistics, and Office for National Statistics mortality. A Cox MSM, incorporating a new-user design, was deemed capable of replicating a clinical trial-like pathway. Repeated outcomes for exacerbation events and stabilized weights were used to include time-varying and fixed covariate exposures.Results: Of 45,958 patients, 55% were male; 52% had moderate COPD. ICS-treated patients had a higher incidence of comorbid asthma than non–ICS-treated patients. Adjusted hazard risk ratios for any exacerbation event: ICS and/or long-acting β2-agonist (LABA) versus long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA), 1.07 (95% confidence interval 1.04–1.10); ICS/LABA versus LABA and/or LAMA, 1.05 (1.00–1.10); ICS and/or LABA and/or LAMA versus LAMA, 1.04 (1.01–1.06); ICS and/or LABA and/or LAMA versus LABA and/or LAMA 1.02 (0.97–1.07).Conclusions: The Cox MSM was not able to fully demonstrate results consistent with the previously established benefits of ICS-containing treatments seen in clinical trials. Future studies should continue to investigate causal inference methods and their capability to estimate the long-term outcomes of treatment in COPD. Marginal structural model Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Inhaled corticosteroid Epidemiology Comparative effectiveness COPD Exacerbations Quélen, Céline verfasserin aut Ouwens, Mario verfasserin aut Hedman, Katarina verfasserin (orcid)0000-0003-0163-418X aut Rigney, Una verfasserin aut Quint, Jennifer K. verfasserin aut Enthalten in Annals of epidemiology Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier Science, 1990 67, Seite 19-28 Online-Ressource (DE-627)320428494 (DE-600)2003468-4 (DE-576)255952090 1873-2585 nnns volume:67 pages:19-28 GBV_USEFLAG_U SYSFLAG_U GBV_ELV SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_101 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 44.11 Präventivmedizin AR 67 19-28
allfields_unstemmed	10.1016/j.annepidem.2021.11.004 doi (DE-627)ELV007623305 (ELSEVIER)S1047-2797(21)00323-9 DE-627 ger DE-627 rda eng 610 DE-600 44.11 bkl Cabrera, Claudia verfasserin aut Evaluating a Cox marginal structural model to assess the comparative effectiveness of inhaled corticosteroids versus no inhaled corticosteroid treatment in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2021 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Purpose: To evaluate the potential of a Cox marginal structural model (MSM) to estimate the time-varying causal inference of a known clinical trial association where the effectiveness of inhaled corticosteroid- (ICS-) versus non–ICS-containing treatments has been compared in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Methods: This retrospective study from 2006–2016 used linked data from Clinical Practice Research Datalink-GOLD, Hospital Episode Statistics, and Office for National Statistics mortality. A Cox MSM, incorporating a new-user design, was deemed capable of replicating a clinical trial-like pathway. Repeated outcomes for exacerbation events and stabilized weights were used to include time-varying and fixed covariate exposures.Results: Of 45,958 patients, 55% were male; 52% had moderate COPD. ICS-treated patients had a higher incidence of comorbid asthma than non–ICS-treated patients. Adjusted hazard risk ratios for any exacerbation event: ICS and/or long-acting β2-agonist (LABA) versus long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA), 1.07 (95% confidence interval 1.04–1.10); ICS/LABA versus LABA and/or LAMA, 1.05 (1.00–1.10); ICS and/or LABA and/or LAMA versus LAMA, 1.04 (1.01–1.06); ICS and/or LABA and/or LAMA versus LABA and/or LAMA 1.02 (0.97–1.07).Conclusions: The Cox MSM was not able to fully demonstrate results consistent with the previously established benefits of ICS-containing treatments seen in clinical trials. Future studies should continue to investigate causal inference methods and their capability to estimate the long-term outcomes of treatment in COPD. Marginal structural model Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Inhaled corticosteroid Epidemiology Comparative effectiveness COPD Exacerbations Quélen, Céline verfasserin aut Ouwens, Mario verfasserin aut Hedman, Katarina verfasserin (orcid)0000-0003-0163-418X aut Rigney, Una verfasserin aut Quint, Jennifer K. verfasserin aut Enthalten in Annals of epidemiology Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier Science, 1990 67, Seite 19-28 Online-Ressource (DE-627)320428494 (DE-600)2003468-4 (DE-576)255952090 1873-2585 nnns volume:67 pages:19-28 GBV_USEFLAG_U SYSFLAG_U GBV_ELV SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_101 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 44.11 Präventivmedizin AR 67 19-28
allfieldsGer	10.1016/j.annepidem.2021.11.004 doi (DE-627)ELV007623305 (ELSEVIER)S1047-2797(21)00323-9 DE-627 ger DE-627 rda eng 610 DE-600 44.11 bkl Cabrera, Claudia verfasserin aut Evaluating a Cox marginal structural model to assess the comparative effectiveness of inhaled corticosteroids versus no inhaled corticosteroid treatment in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2021 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Purpose: To evaluate the potential of a Cox marginal structural model (MSM) to estimate the time-varying causal inference of a known clinical trial association where the effectiveness of inhaled corticosteroid- (ICS-) versus non–ICS-containing treatments has been compared in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Methods: This retrospective study from 2006–2016 used linked data from Clinical Practice Research Datalink-GOLD, Hospital Episode Statistics, and Office for National Statistics mortality. A Cox MSM, incorporating a new-user design, was deemed capable of replicating a clinical trial-like pathway. Repeated outcomes for exacerbation events and stabilized weights were used to include time-varying and fixed covariate exposures.Results: Of 45,958 patients, 55% were male; 52% had moderate COPD. ICS-treated patients had a higher incidence of comorbid asthma than non–ICS-treated patients. Adjusted hazard risk ratios for any exacerbation event: ICS and/or long-acting β2-agonist (LABA) versus long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA), 1.07 (95% confidence interval 1.04–1.10); ICS/LABA versus LABA and/or LAMA, 1.05 (1.00–1.10); ICS and/or LABA and/or LAMA versus LAMA, 1.04 (1.01–1.06); ICS and/or LABA and/or LAMA versus LABA and/or LAMA 1.02 (0.97–1.07).Conclusions: The Cox MSM was not able to fully demonstrate results consistent with the previously established benefits of ICS-containing treatments seen in clinical trials. Future studies should continue to investigate causal inference methods and their capability to estimate the long-term outcomes of treatment in COPD. Marginal structural model Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Inhaled corticosteroid Epidemiology Comparative effectiveness COPD Exacerbations Quélen, Céline verfasserin aut Ouwens, Mario verfasserin aut Hedman, Katarina verfasserin (orcid)0000-0003-0163-418X aut Rigney, Una verfasserin aut Quint, Jennifer K. verfasserin aut Enthalten in Annals of epidemiology Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier Science, 1990 67, Seite 19-28 Online-Ressource (DE-627)320428494 (DE-600)2003468-4 (DE-576)255952090 1873-2585 nnns volume:67 pages:19-28 GBV_USEFLAG_U SYSFLAG_U GBV_ELV SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_101 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 44.11 Präventivmedizin AR 67 19-28
allfieldsSound	10.1016/j.annepidem.2021.11.004 doi (DE-627)ELV007623305 (ELSEVIER)S1047-2797(21)00323-9 DE-627 ger DE-627 rda eng 610 DE-600 44.11 bkl Cabrera, Claudia verfasserin aut Evaluating a Cox marginal structural model to assess the comparative effectiveness of inhaled corticosteroids versus no inhaled corticosteroid treatment in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 2021 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Purpose: To evaluate the potential of a Cox marginal structural model (MSM) to estimate the time-varying causal inference of a known clinical trial association where the effectiveness of inhaled corticosteroid- (ICS-) versus non–ICS-containing treatments has been compared in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Methods: This retrospective study from 2006–2016 used linked data from Clinical Practice Research Datalink-GOLD, Hospital Episode Statistics, and Office for National Statistics mortality. A Cox MSM, incorporating a new-user design, was deemed capable of replicating a clinical trial-like pathway. Repeated outcomes for exacerbation events and stabilized weights were used to include time-varying and fixed covariate exposures.Results: Of 45,958 patients, 55% were male; 52% had moderate COPD. ICS-treated patients had a higher incidence of comorbid asthma than non–ICS-treated patients. Adjusted hazard risk ratios for any exacerbation event: ICS and/or long-acting β2-agonist (LABA) versus long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA), 1.07 (95% confidence interval 1.04–1.10); ICS/LABA versus LABA and/or LAMA, 1.05 (1.00–1.10); ICS and/or LABA and/or LAMA versus LAMA, 1.04 (1.01–1.06); ICS and/or LABA and/or LAMA versus LABA and/or LAMA 1.02 (0.97–1.07).Conclusions: The Cox MSM was not able to fully demonstrate results consistent with the previously established benefits of ICS-containing treatments seen in clinical trials. Future studies should continue to investigate causal inference methods and their capability to estimate the long-term outcomes of treatment in COPD. Marginal structural model Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Inhaled corticosteroid Epidemiology Comparative effectiveness COPD Exacerbations Quélen, Céline verfasserin aut Ouwens, Mario verfasserin aut Hedman, Katarina verfasserin (orcid)0000-0003-0163-418X aut Rigney, Una verfasserin aut Quint, Jennifer K. verfasserin aut Enthalten in Annals of epidemiology Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier Science, 1990 67, Seite 19-28 Online-Ressource (DE-627)320428494 (DE-600)2003468-4 (DE-576)255952090 1873-2585 nnns volume:67 pages:19-28 GBV_USEFLAG_U SYSFLAG_U GBV_ELV SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_101 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 44.11 Präventivmedizin AR 67 19-28
language	English
source	Enthalten in Annals of epidemiology 67, Seite 19-28 volume:67 pages:19-28
sourceStr	Enthalten in Annals of epidemiology 67, Seite 19-28 volume:67 pages:19-28
format_phy_str_mv	Article
bklname	Präventivmedizin
institution	findex.gbv.de
topic_facet	Marginal structural model Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Inhaled corticosteroid Epidemiology Comparative effectiveness COPD Exacerbations
dewey-raw	610
isfreeaccess_bool	false
container_title	Annals of epidemiology
authorswithroles_txt_mv	Cabrera, Claudia @@aut@@ Quélen, Céline @@aut@@ Ouwens, Mario @@aut@@ Hedman, Katarina @@aut@@ Rigney, Una @@aut@@ Quint, Jennifer K. @@aut@@
publishDateDaySort_date	2021-01-01T00:00:00Z
hierarchy_top_id	320428494
dewey-sort	3610
id	ELV007623305
language_de	englisch
fullrecord	<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim"><record><leader>01000caa a22002652 4500</leader><controlfield tag="001">ELV007623305</controlfield><controlfield tag="003">DE-627</controlfield><controlfield tag="005">20230524144000.0</controlfield><controlfield tag="007">cr uuu---uuuuu</controlfield><controlfield tag="008">230507s2021 xx \|\|\|\|\|o 00\| \|\|eng c</controlfield><datafield tag="024" ind1="7" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">10.1016/j.annepidem.2021.11.004</subfield><subfield code="2">doi</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-627)ELV007623305</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(ELSEVIER)S1047-2797(21)00323-9</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="040" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-627</subfield><subfield code="b">ger</subfield><subfield code="c">DE-627</subfield><subfield code="e">rda</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="041" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">eng</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="082" ind1="0" ind2="4"><subfield code="a">610</subfield><subfield code="q">DE-600</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">44.11</subfield><subfield code="2">bkl</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="100" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Cabrera, Claudia</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Evaluating a Cox marginal structural model to assess the comparative effectiveness of inhaled corticosteroids versus no inhaled corticosteroid treatment in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="c">2021</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">nicht spezifiziert</subfield><subfield code="b">zzz</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Computermedien</subfield><subfield code="b">c</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Online-Ressource</subfield><subfield code="b">cr</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Purpose: To evaluate the potential of a Cox marginal structural model (MSM) to estimate the time-varying causal inference of a known clinical trial association where the effectiveness of inhaled corticosteroid- (ICS-) versus non–ICS-containing treatments has been compared in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Methods: This retrospective study from 2006–2016 used linked data from Clinical Practice Research Datalink-GOLD, Hospital Episode Statistics, and Office for National Statistics mortality. A Cox MSM, incorporating a new-user design, was deemed capable of replicating a clinical trial-like pathway. Repeated outcomes for exacerbation events and stabilized weights were used to include time-varying and fixed covariate exposures.Results: Of 45,958 patients, 55% were male; 52% had moderate COPD. ICS-treated patients had a higher incidence of comorbid asthma than non–ICS-treated patients. Adjusted hazard risk ratios for any exacerbation event: ICS and/or long-acting β2-agonist (LABA) versus long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA), 1.07 (95% confidence interval 1.04–1.10); ICS/LABA versus LABA and/or LAMA, 1.05 (1.00–1.10); ICS and/or LABA and/or LAMA versus LAMA, 1.04 (1.01–1.06); ICS and/or LABA and/or LAMA versus LABA and/or LAMA 1.02 (0.97–1.07).Conclusions: The Cox MSM was not able to fully demonstrate results consistent with the previously established benefits of ICS-containing treatments seen in clinical trials. 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author	Cabrera, Claudia
spellingShingle	Cabrera, Claudia ddc 610 bkl 44.11 misc Marginal structural model misc Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease misc Inhaled corticosteroid misc Epidemiology misc Comparative effectiveness misc COPD Exacerbations Evaluating a Cox marginal structural model to assess the comparative effectiveness of inhaled corticosteroids versus no inhaled corticosteroid treatment in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
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topic_title	610 DE-600 44.11 bkl Evaluating a Cox marginal structural model to assess the comparative effectiveness of inhaled corticosteroids versus no inhaled corticosteroid treatment in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Marginal structural model Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Inhaled corticosteroid Epidemiology Comparative effectiveness COPD Exacerbations
topic	ddc 610 bkl 44.11 misc Marginal structural model misc Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease misc Inhaled corticosteroid misc Epidemiology misc Comparative effectiveness misc COPD Exacerbations
topic_unstemmed	ddc 610 bkl 44.11 misc Marginal structural model misc Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease misc Inhaled corticosteroid misc Epidemiology misc Comparative effectiveness misc COPD Exacerbations
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title	Evaluating a Cox marginal structural model to assess the comparative effectiveness of inhaled corticosteroids versus no inhaled corticosteroid treatment in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
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title_full	Evaluating a Cox marginal structural model to assess the comparative effectiveness of inhaled corticosteroids versus no inhaled corticosteroid treatment in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
author_sort	Cabrera, Claudia
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author_browse	Cabrera, Claudia Quélen, Céline Ouwens, Mario Hedman, Katarina Rigney, Una Quint, Jennifer K.
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title_sort	evaluating a cox marginal structural model to assess the comparative effectiveness of inhaled corticosteroids versus no inhaled corticosteroid treatment in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
title_auth	Evaluating a Cox marginal structural model to assess the comparative effectiveness of inhaled corticosteroids versus no inhaled corticosteroid treatment in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
abstract	Purpose: To evaluate the potential of a Cox marginal structural model (MSM) to estimate the time-varying causal inference of a known clinical trial association where the effectiveness of inhaled corticosteroid- (ICS-) versus non–ICS-containing treatments has been compared in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Methods: This retrospective study from 2006–2016 used linked data from Clinical Practice Research Datalink-GOLD, Hospital Episode Statistics, and Office for National Statistics mortality. A Cox MSM, incorporating a new-user design, was deemed capable of replicating a clinical trial-like pathway. Repeated outcomes for exacerbation events and stabilized weights were used to include time-varying and fixed covariate exposures.Results: Of 45,958 patients, 55% were male; 52% had moderate COPD. ICS-treated patients had a higher incidence of comorbid asthma than non–ICS-treated patients. Adjusted hazard risk ratios for any exacerbation event: ICS and/or long-acting β2-agonist (LABA) versus long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA), 1.07 (95% confidence interval 1.04–1.10); ICS/LABA versus LABA and/or LAMA, 1.05 (1.00–1.10); ICS and/or LABA and/or LAMA versus LAMA, 1.04 (1.01–1.06); ICS and/or LABA and/or LAMA versus LABA and/or LAMA 1.02 (0.97–1.07).Conclusions: The Cox MSM was not able to fully demonstrate results consistent with the previously established benefits of ICS-containing treatments seen in clinical trials. Future studies should continue to investigate causal inference methods and their capability to estimate the long-term outcomes of treatment in COPD.
abstractGer	Purpose: To evaluate the potential of a Cox marginal structural model (MSM) to estimate the time-varying causal inference of a known clinical trial association where the effectiveness of inhaled corticosteroid- (ICS-) versus non–ICS-containing treatments has been compared in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Methods: This retrospective study from 2006–2016 used linked data from Clinical Practice Research Datalink-GOLD, Hospital Episode Statistics, and Office for National Statistics mortality. A Cox MSM, incorporating a new-user design, was deemed capable of replicating a clinical trial-like pathway. Repeated outcomes for exacerbation events and stabilized weights were used to include time-varying and fixed covariate exposures.Results: Of 45,958 patients, 55% were male; 52% had moderate COPD. ICS-treated patients had a higher incidence of comorbid asthma than non–ICS-treated patients. Adjusted hazard risk ratios for any exacerbation event: ICS and/or long-acting β2-agonist (LABA) versus long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA), 1.07 (95% confidence interval 1.04–1.10); ICS/LABA versus LABA and/or LAMA, 1.05 (1.00–1.10); ICS and/or LABA and/or LAMA versus LAMA, 1.04 (1.01–1.06); ICS and/or LABA and/or LAMA versus LABA and/or LAMA 1.02 (0.97–1.07).Conclusions: The Cox MSM was not able to fully demonstrate results consistent with the previously established benefits of ICS-containing treatments seen in clinical trials. Future studies should continue to investigate causal inference methods and their capability to estimate the long-term outcomes of treatment in COPD.
abstract_unstemmed	Purpose: To evaluate the potential of a Cox marginal structural model (MSM) to estimate the time-varying causal inference of a known clinical trial association where the effectiveness of inhaled corticosteroid- (ICS-) versus non–ICS-containing treatments has been compared in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Methods: This retrospective study from 2006–2016 used linked data from Clinical Practice Research Datalink-GOLD, Hospital Episode Statistics, and Office for National Statistics mortality. A Cox MSM, incorporating a new-user design, was deemed capable of replicating a clinical trial-like pathway. Repeated outcomes for exacerbation events and stabilized weights were used to include time-varying and fixed covariate exposures.Results: Of 45,958 patients, 55% were male; 52% had moderate COPD. ICS-treated patients had a higher incidence of comorbid asthma than non–ICS-treated patients. Adjusted hazard risk ratios for any exacerbation event: ICS and/or long-acting β2-agonist (LABA) versus long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA), 1.07 (95% confidence interval 1.04–1.10); ICS/LABA versus LABA and/or LAMA, 1.05 (1.00–1.10); ICS and/or LABA and/or LAMA versus LAMA, 1.04 (1.01–1.06); ICS and/or LABA and/or LAMA versus LABA and/or LAMA 1.02 (0.97–1.07).Conclusions: The Cox MSM was not able to fully demonstrate results consistent with the previously established benefits of ICS-containing treatments seen in clinical trials. Future studies should continue to investigate causal inference methods and their capability to estimate the long-term outcomes of treatment in COPD.
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title_short	Evaluating a Cox marginal structural model to assess the comparative effectiveness of inhaled corticosteroids versus no inhaled corticosteroid treatment in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
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author2	Quélen, Céline Ouwens, Mario Hedman, Katarina Rigney, Una Quint, Jennifer K.
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doi_str	10.1016/j.annepidem.2021.11.004
up_date	2024-07-06T16:54:09.279Z
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fullrecord_marcxml	<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim"><record><leader>01000caa a22002652 4500</leader><controlfield tag="001">ELV007623305</controlfield><controlfield tag="003">DE-627</controlfield><controlfield tag="005">20230524144000.0</controlfield><controlfield tag="007">cr uuu---uuuuu</controlfield><controlfield tag="008">230507s2021 xx \|\|\|\|\|o 00\| \|\|eng c</controlfield><datafield tag="024" ind1="7" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">10.1016/j.annepidem.2021.11.004</subfield><subfield code="2">doi</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-627)ELV007623305</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(ELSEVIER)S1047-2797(21)00323-9</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="040" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-627</subfield><subfield code="b">ger</subfield><subfield code="c">DE-627</subfield><subfield code="e">rda</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="041" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">eng</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="082" ind1="0" ind2="4"><subfield code="a">610</subfield><subfield code="q">DE-600</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">44.11</subfield><subfield code="2">bkl</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="100" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Cabrera, Claudia</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Evaluating a Cox marginal structural model to assess the comparative effectiveness of inhaled corticosteroids versus no inhaled corticosteroid treatment in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="c">2021</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">nicht spezifiziert</subfield><subfield code="b">zzz</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Computermedien</subfield><subfield code="b">c</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Online-Ressource</subfield><subfield code="b">cr</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Purpose: To evaluate the potential of a Cox marginal structural model (MSM) to estimate the time-varying causal inference of a known clinical trial association where the effectiveness of inhaled corticosteroid- (ICS-) versus non–ICS-containing treatments has been compared in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Methods: This retrospective study from 2006–2016 used linked data from Clinical Practice Research Datalink-GOLD, Hospital Episode Statistics, and Office for National Statistics mortality. A Cox MSM, incorporating a new-user design, was deemed capable of replicating a clinical trial-like pathway. Repeated outcomes for exacerbation events and stabilized weights were used to include time-varying and fixed covariate exposures.Results: Of 45,958 patients, 55% were male; 52% had moderate COPD. ICS-treated patients had a higher incidence of comorbid asthma than non–ICS-treated patients. Adjusted hazard risk ratios for any exacerbation event: ICS and/or long-acting β2-agonist (LABA) versus long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA), 1.07 (95% confidence interval 1.04–1.10); ICS/LABA versus LABA and/or LAMA, 1.05 (1.00–1.10); ICS and/or LABA and/or LAMA versus LAMA, 1.04 (1.01–1.06); ICS and/or LABA and/or LAMA versus LABA and/or LAMA 1.02 (0.97–1.07).Conclusions: The Cox MSM was not able to fully demonstrate results consistent with the previously established benefits of ICS-containing treatments seen in clinical trials. Future studies should continue to investigate causal inference methods and their capability to estimate the long-term outcomes of treatment in COPD.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Marginal structural model</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Inhaled corticosteroid</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Epidemiology</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Comparative effectiveness</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">COPD Exacerbations</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Quélen, Céline</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Ouwens, Mario</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Hedman, Katarina</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="0">(orcid)0000-0003-0163-418X</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Rigney, Una</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Quint, Jennifer K.</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="773" ind1="0" ind2="8"><subfield code="i">Enthalten in</subfield><subfield code="t">Annals of epidemiology</subfield><subfield code="d">Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier Science, 1990</subfield><subfield code="g">67, Seite 19-28</subfield><subfield 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Evaluating a Cox marginal structural model to assess the comparative effectiveness of inhaled corticosteroids versus no inhaled corticosteroid treatment in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

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