Consequences of variation in male harem size to population persistence: Modeling poaching and extinction risk of Bengal tigers (
Poaching of tigers (Panthera tigris) and its prey base are considered important factors influencing wild tiger populations in India. At present, wild tigers are disappearing even from protected Tiger Reserves. Previous models, designed to understand the effect of poaching on the viability of wild ti...
Ausführliche Beschreibung
Gespeichert in:
| Autor*in: |
Horev, Aviad [verfasserIn] Yosef, Reuven [verfasserIn] Tryjanowski, Piotr [verfasserIn] Ovadia, Ofer [verfasserIn] |
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| Format: |
E-Artikel |
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| Sprache: |
Englisch |
| Erschienen: |
2012 |
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| Schlagwörter: |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
Enthalten in: Biological conservation - Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier Science, 1968, 147, Seite 22-31 |
|---|---|
| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:147 ; pages:22-31 |
| DOI / URN: |
10.1016/j.biocon.2012.01.012 |
|---|
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Consequences of variation in male harem size to population persistence: Modeling poaching and extinction risk of Bengal tigers ( |
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| 520 | |a Poaching of tigers (Panthera tigris) and its prey base are considered important factors influencing wild tiger populations in India. At present, wild tigers are disappearing even from protected Tiger Reserves. Previous models, designed to understand the effect of poaching on the viability of wild tiger populations, either ignored their mating system or largely overlooked the possible effects of variation in male territory size on population persistence. We present a two-sex matrix model for the Bengal tiger in which either strict polygyny or partial polygynandry combined with either no variation, individual variation, temporal variation or both individual and temporal variations in the territory size of breeding males (i.e., harem size) occur. We parameterize our model using demographic rates based on extensive field data on tigers. We use our model to simulate four different poaching scenarios in the tiger population of the Kanha landscape in India, representing a healthy habitat that can support a viable population of tigers and their prey: (1) poaching-free environment, (2) annual poaching of two tigers, (3) annual poaching of four tigers, and (4) annual poaching of six tigers. Our results demonstrate that tiger populations in healthy habitats such as the Kanha landscape are very sensitive to unnatural additive or partially additive mortality factors. When we assume equal poaching probability among breeders and transients combined with strict polygyny, extinction probability increases from 2.2% chance of extinction under poaching of two tigers, to 62.6% chance of extinction under poaching of four tigers annually. When six tigers are being poached annually, in almost all cases the entire population goes extinct in 21.5years. Similar results are also evident when relaxing the assumption of either equal poaching probability among breeders and transients, strict polygyny, or both. Introducing individual variation (within generations) in the territory size of breeding males (i.e., harem size) has only a minor effect on the results. However, when either temporal variation (between generations) or both individual and temporal variations in the territory size of breeding males are being introduced the extinction risk of the tiger population increases dramatically. Our results indicate that although female tigers are the limiting factor in sustaining the tiger populations in a given area, males also have a significant role in determining the ability of such populations to persist for a long period of time. | ||
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10.1016/j.biocon.2012.01.012 doi (DE-627)ELV008365954 (ELSEVIER)S0006-3207(12)00025-0 DE-627 ger DE-627 rda eng 570 DE-600 BIODIV DE-30 fid 42.00 bkl Horev, Aviad verfasserin aut Consequences of variation in male harem size to population persistence: Modeling poaching and extinction risk of Bengal tigers ( 2012 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Poaching of tigers (Panthera tigris) and its prey base are considered important factors influencing wild tiger populations in India. At present, wild tigers are disappearing even from protected Tiger Reserves. Previous models, designed to understand the effect of poaching on the viability of wild tiger populations, either ignored their mating system or largely overlooked the possible effects of variation in male territory size on population persistence. We present a two-sex matrix model for the Bengal tiger in which either strict polygyny or partial polygynandry combined with either no variation, individual variation, temporal variation or both individual and temporal variations in the territory size of breeding males (i.e., harem size) occur. We parameterize our model using demographic rates based on extensive field data on tigers. We use our model to simulate four different poaching scenarios in the tiger population of the Kanha landscape in India, representing a healthy habitat that can support a viable population of tigers and their prey: (1) poaching-free environment, (2) annual poaching of two tigers, (3) annual poaching of four tigers, and (4) annual poaching of six tigers. Our results demonstrate that tiger populations in healthy habitats such as the Kanha landscape are very sensitive to unnatural additive or partially additive mortality factors. When we assume equal poaching probability among breeders and transients combined with strict polygyny, extinction probability increases from 2.2% chance of extinction under poaching of two tigers, to 62.6% chance of extinction under poaching of four tigers annually. When six tigers are being poached annually, in almost all cases the entire population goes extinct in 21.5years. Similar results are also evident when relaxing the assumption of either equal poaching probability among breeders and transients, strict polygyny, or both. Introducing individual variation (within generations) in the territory size of breeding males (i.e., harem size) has only a minor effect on the results. However, when either temporal variation (between generations) or both individual and temporal variations in the territory size of breeding males are being introduced the extinction risk of the tiger population increases dramatically. Our results indicate that although female tigers are the limiting factor in sustaining the tiger populations in a given area, males also have a significant role in determining the ability of such populations to persist for a long period of time. Bengal tiger Mating system Matrix model Population persistence Yosef, Reuven verfasserin aut Tryjanowski, Piotr verfasserin aut Ovadia, Ofer verfasserin aut Enthalten in Biological conservation Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier Science, 1968 147, Seite 22-31 Online-Ressource (DE-627)306318415 (DE-600)1496231-7 (DE-576)081952937 0006-3207 nnns volume:147 pages:22-31 GBV_USEFLAG_U SYSFLAG_U GBV_ELV FID-BIODIV SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_101 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2360 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 42.00 Biologie: Allgemeines AR 147 22-31 |
| spelling |
10.1016/j.biocon.2012.01.012 doi (DE-627)ELV008365954 (ELSEVIER)S0006-3207(12)00025-0 DE-627 ger DE-627 rda eng 570 DE-600 BIODIV DE-30 fid 42.00 bkl Horev, Aviad verfasserin aut Consequences of variation in male harem size to population persistence: Modeling poaching and extinction risk of Bengal tigers ( 2012 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Poaching of tigers (Panthera tigris) and its prey base are considered important factors influencing wild tiger populations in India. At present, wild tigers are disappearing even from protected Tiger Reserves. Previous models, designed to understand the effect of poaching on the viability of wild tiger populations, either ignored their mating system or largely overlooked the possible effects of variation in male territory size on population persistence. We present a two-sex matrix model for the Bengal tiger in which either strict polygyny or partial polygynandry combined with either no variation, individual variation, temporal variation or both individual and temporal variations in the territory size of breeding males (i.e., harem size) occur. We parameterize our model using demographic rates based on extensive field data on tigers. We use our model to simulate four different poaching scenarios in the tiger population of the Kanha landscape in India, representing a healthy habitat that can support a viable population of tigers and their prey: (1) poaching-free environment, (2) annual poaching of two tigers, (3) annual poaching of four tigers, and (4) annual poaching of six tigers. Our results demonstrate that tiger populations in healthy habitats such as the Kanha landscape are very sensitive to unnatural additive or partially additive mortality factors. When we assume equal poaching probability among breeders and transients combined with strict polygyny, extinction probability increases from 2.2% chance of extinction under poaching of two tigers, to 62.6% chance of extinction under poaching of four tigers annually. When six tigers are being poached annually, in almost all cases the entire population goes extinct in 21.5years. Similar results are also evident when relaxing the assumption of either equal poaching probability among breeders and transients, strict polygyny, or both. Introducing individual variation (within generations) in the territory size of breeding males (i.e., harem size) has only a minor effect on the results. However, when either temporal variation (between generations) or both individual and temporal variations in the territory size of breeding males are being introduced the extinction risk of the tiger population increases dramatically. Our results indicate that although female tigers are the limiting factor in sustaining the tiger populations in a given area, males also have a significant role in determining the ability of such populations to persist for a long period of time. Bengal tiger Mating system Matrix model Population persistence Yosef, Reuven verfasserin aut Tryjanowski, Piotr verfasserin aut Ovadia, Ofer verfasserin aut Enthalten in Biological conservation Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier Science, 1968 147, Seite 22-31 Online-Ressource (DE-627)306318415 (DE-600)1496231-7 (DE-576)081952937 0006-3207 nnns volume:147 pages:22-31 GBV_USEFLAG_U SYSFLAG_U GBV_ELV FID-BIODIV SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_101 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2360 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 42.00 Biologie: Allgemeines AR 147 22-31 |
| allfields_unstemmed |
10.1016/j.biocon.2012.01.012 doi (DE-627)ELV008365954 (ELSEVIER)S0006-3207(12)00025-0 DE-627 ger DE-627 rda eng 570 DE-600 BIODIV DE-30 fid 42.00 bkl Horev, Aviad verfasserin aut Consequences of variation in male harem size to population persistence: Modeling poaching and extinction risk of Bengal tigers ( 2012 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Poaching of tigers (Panthera tigris) and its prey base are considered important factors influencing wild tiger populations in India. At present, wild tigers are disappearing even from protected Tiger Reserves. Previous models, designed to understand the effect of poaching on the viability of wild tiger populations, either ignored their mating system or largely overlooked the possible effects of variation in male territory size on population persistence. We present a two-sex matrix model for the Bengal tiger in which either strict polygyny or partial polygynandry combined with either no variation, individual variation, temporal variation or both individual and temporal variations in the territory size of breeding males (i.e., harem size) occur. We parameterize our model using demographic rates based on extensive field data on tigers. We use our model to simulate four different poaching scenarios in the tiger population of the Kanha landscape in India, representing a healthy habitat that can support a viable population of tigers and their prey: (1) poaching-free environment, (2) annual poaching of two tigers, (3) annual poaching of four tigers, and (4) annual poaching of six tigers. Our results demonstrate that tiger populations in healthy habitats such as the Kanha landscape are very sensitive to unnatural additive or partially additive mortality factors. When we assume equal poaching probability among breeders and transients combined with strict polygyny, extinction probability increases from 2.2% chance of extinction under poaching of two tigers, to 62.6% chance of extinction under poaching of four tigers annually. When six tigers are being poached annually, in almost all cases the entire population goes extinct in 21.5years. Similar results are also evident when relaxing the assumption of either equal poaching probability among breeders and transients, strict polygyny, or both. Introducing individual variation (within generations) in the territory size of breeding males (i.e., harem size) has only a minor effect on the results. However, when either temporal variation (between generations) or both individual and temporal variations in the territory size of breeding males are being introduced the extinction risk of the tiger population increases dramatically. Our results indicate that although female tigers are the limiting factor in sustaining the tiger populations in a given area, males also have a significant role in determining the ability of such populations to persist for a long period of time. Bengal tiger Mating system Matrix model Population persistence Yosef, Reuven verfasserin aut Tryjanowski, Piotr verfasserin aut Ovadia, Ofer verfasserin aut Enthalten in Biological conservation Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier Science, 1968 147, Seite 22-31 Online-Ressource (DE-627)306318415 (DE-600)1496231-7 (DE-576)081952937 0006-3207 nnns volume:147 pages:22-31 GBV_USEFLAG_U SYSFLAG_U GBV_ELV FID-BIODIV SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_101 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2360 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 42.00 Biologie: Allgemeines AR 147 22-31 |
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10.1016/j.biocon.2012.01.012 doi (DE-627)ELV008365954 (ELSEVIER)S0006-3207(12)00025-0 DE-627 ger DE-627 rda eng 570 DE-600 BIODIV DE-30 fid 42.00 bkl Horev, Aviad verfasserin aut Consequences of variation in male harem size to population persistence: Modeling poaching and extinction risk of Bengal tigers ( 2012 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Poaching of tigers (Panthera tigris) and its prey base are considered important factors influencing wild tiger populations in India. At present, wild tigers are disappearing even from protected Tiger Reserves. Previous models, designed to understand the effect of poaching on the viability of wild tiger populations, either ignored their mating system or largely overlooked the possible effects of variation in male territory size on population persistence. We present a two-sex matrix model for the Bengal tiger in which either strict polygyny or partial polygynandry combined with either no variation, individual variation, temporal variation or both individual and temporal variations in the territory size of breeding males (i.e., harem size) occur. We parameterize our model using demographic rates based on extensive field data on tigers. We use our model to simulate four different poaching scenarios in the tiger population of the Kanha landscape in India, representing a healthy habitat that can support a viable population of tigers and their prey: (1) poaching-free environment, (2) annual poaching of two tigers, (3) annual poaching of four tigers, and (4) annual poaching of six tigers. Our results demonstrate that tiger populations in healthy habitats such as the Kanha landscape are very sensitive to unnatural additive or partially additive mortality factors. When we assume equal poaching probability among breeders and transients combined with strict polygyny, extinction probability increases from 2.2% chance of extinction under poaching of two tigers, to 62.6% chance of extinction under poaching of four tigers annually. When six tigers are being poached annually, in almost all cases the entire population goes extinct in 21.5years. Similar results are also evident when relaxing the assumption of either equal poaching probability among breeders and transients, strict polygyny, or both. Introducing individual variation (within generations) in the territory size of breeding males (i.e., harem size) has only a minor effect on the results. However, when either temporal variation (between generations) or both individual and temporal variations in the territory size of breeding males are being introduced the extinction risk of the tiger population increases dramatically. Our results indicate that although female tigers are the limiting factor in sustaining the tiger populations in a given area, males also have a significant role in determining the ability of such populations to persist for a long period of time. Bengal tiger Mating system Matrix model Population persistence Yosef, Reuven verfasserin aut Tryjanowski, Piotr verfasserin aut Ovadia, Ofer verfasserin aut Enthalten in Biological conservation Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier Science, 1968 147, Seite 22-31 Online-Ressource (DE-627)306318415 (DE-600)1496231-7 (DE-576)081952937 0006-3207 nnns volume:147 pages:22-31 GBV_USEFLAG_U SYSFLAG_U GBV_ELV FID-BIODIV SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_101 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2360 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 42.00 Biologie: Allgemeines AR 147 22-31 |
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10.1016/j.biocon.2012.01.012 doi (DE-627)ELV008365954 (ELSEVIER)S0006-3207(12)00025-0 DE-627 ger DE-627 rda eng 570 DE-600 BIODIV DE-30 fid 42.00 bkl Horev, Aviad verfasserin aut Consequences of variation in male harem size to population persistence: Modeling poaching and extinction risk of Bengal tigers ( 2012 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Poaching of tigers (Panthera tigris) and its prey base are considered important factors influencing wild tiger populations in India. At present, wild tigers are disappearing even from protected Tiger Reserves. Previous models, designed to understand the effect of poaching on the viability of wild tiger populations, either ignored their mating system or largely overlooked the possible effects of variation in male territory size on population persistence. We present a two-sex matrix model for the Bengal tiger in which either strict polygyny or partial polygynandry combined with either no variation, individual variation, temporal variation or both individual and temporal variations in the territory size of breeding males (i.e., harem size) occur. We parameterize our model using demographic rates based on extensive field data on tigers. We use our model to simulate four different poaching scenarios in the tiger population of the Kanha landscape in India, representing a healthy habitat that can support a viable population of tigers and their prey: (1) poaching-free environment, (2) annual poaching of two tigers, (3) annual poaching of four tigers, and (4) annual poaching of six tigers. Our results demonstrate that tiger populations in healthy habitats such as the Kanha landscape are very sensitive to unnatural additive or partially additive mortality factors. When we assume equal poaching probability among breeders and transients combined with strict polygyny, extinction probability increases from 2.2% chance of extinction under poaching of two tigers, to 62.6% chance of extinction under poaching of four tigers annually. When six tigers are being poached annually, in almost all cases the entire population goes extinct in 21.5years. Similar results are also evident when relaxing the assumption of either equal poaching probability among breeders and transients, strict polygyny, or both. Introducing individual variation (within generations) in the territory size of breeding males (i.e., harem size) has only a minor effect on the results. However, when either temporal variation (between generations) or both individual and temporal variations in the territory size of breeding males are being introduced the extinction risk of the tiger population increases dramatically. Our results indicate that although female tigers are the limiting factor in sustaining the tiger populations in a given area, males also have a significant role in determining the ability of such populations to persist for a long period of time. Bengal tiger Mating system Matrix model Population persistence Yosef, Reuven verfasserin aut Tryjanowski, Piotr verfasserin aut Ovadia, Ofer verfasserin aut Enthalten in Biological conservation Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier Science, 1968 147, Seite 22-31 Online-Ressource (DE-627)306318415 (DE-600)1496231-7 (DE-576)081952937 0006-3207 nnns volume:147 pages:22-31 GBV_USEFLAG_U SYSFLAG_U GBV_ELV FID-BIODIV SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_101 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2360 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 42.00 Biologie: Allgemeines AR 147 22-31 |
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Horev, Aviad @@aut@@ Yosef, Reuven @@aut@@ Tryjanowski, Piotr @@aut@@ Ovadia, Ofer @@aut@@ |
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Horev, Aviad |
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570 DE-600 BIODIV DE-30 fid 42.00 bkl Consequences of variation in male harem size to population persistence: Modeling poaching and extinction risk of Bengal tigers ( Bengal tiger Mating system Matrix model Population persistence |
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Consequences of variation in male harem size to population persistence: Modeling poaching and extinction risk of Bengal tigers ( |
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Consequences of variation in male harem size to population persistence: Modeling poaching and extinction risk of Bengal tigers ( |
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Horev, Aviad Yosef, Reuven Tryjanowski, Piotr Ovadia, Ofer |
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consequences of variation in male harem size to population persistence: modeling poaching and extinction risk of bengal tigers ( |
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Consequences of variation in male harem size to population persistence: Modeling poaching and extinction risk of Bengal tigers ( |
| abstract |
Poaching of tigers (Panthera tigris) and its prey base are considered important factors influencing wild tiger populations in India. At present, wild tigers are disappearing even from protected Tiger Reserves. Previous models, designed to understand the effect of poaching on the viability of wild tiger populations, either ignored their mating system or largely overlooked the possible effects of variation in male territory size on population persistence. We present a two-sex matrix model for the Bengal tiger in which either strict polygyny or partial polygynandry combined with either no variation, individual variation, temporal variation or both individual and temporal variations in the territory size of breeding males (i.e., harem size) occur. We parameterize our model using demographic rates based on extensive field data on tigers. We use our model to simulate four different poaching scenarios in the tiger population of the Kanha landscape in India, representing a healthy habitat that can support a viable population of tigers and their prey: (1) poaching-free environment, (2) annual poaching of two tigers, (3) annual poaching of four tigers, and (4) annual poaching of six tigers. Our results demonstrate that tiger populations in healthy habitats such as the Kanha landscape are very sensitive to unnatural additive or partially additive mortality factors. When we assume equal poaching probability among breeders and transients combined with strict polygyny, extinction probability increases from 2.2% chance of extinction under poaching of two tigers, to 62.6% chance of extinction under poaching of four tigers annually. When six tigers are being poached annually, in almost all cases the entire population goes extinct in 21.5years. Similar results are also evident when relaxing the assumption of either equal poaching probability among breeders and transients, strict polygyny, or both. Introducing individual variation (within generations) in the territory size of breeding males (i.e., harem size) has only a minor effect on the results. However, when either temporal variation (between generations) or both individual and temporal variations in the territory size of breeding males are being introduced the extinction risk of the tiger population increases dramatically. Our results indicate that although female tigers are the limiting factor in sustaining the tiger populations in a given area, males also have a significant role in determining the ability of such populations to persist for a long period of time. |
| abstractGer |
Poaching of tigers (Panthera tigris) and its prey base are considered important factors influencing wild tiger populations in India. At present, wild tigers are disappearing even from protected Tiger Reserves. Previous models, designed to understand the effect of poaching on the viability of wild tiger populations, either ignored their mating system or largely overlooked the possible effects of variation in male territory size on population persistence. We present a two-sex matrix model for the Bengal tiger in which either strict polygyny or partial polygynandry combined with either no variation, individual variation, temporal variation or both individual and temporal variations in the territory size of breeding males (i.e., harem size) occur. We parameterize our model using demographic rates based on extensive field data on tigers. We use our model to simulate four different poaching scenarios in the tiger population of the Kanha landscape in India, representing a healthy habitat that can support a viable population of tigers and their prey: (1) poaching-free environment, (2) annual poaching of two tigers, (3) annual poaching of four tigers, and (4) annual poaching of six tigers. Our results demonstrate that tiger populations in healthy habitats such as the Kanha landscape are very sensitive to unnatural additive or partially additive mortality factors. When we assume equal poaching probability among breeders and transients combined with strict polygyny, extinction probability increases from 2.2% chance of extinction under poaching of two tigers, to 62.6% chance of extinction under poaching of four tigers annually. When six tigers are being poached annually, in almost all cases the entire population goes extinct in 21.5years. Similar results are also evident when relaxing the assumption of either equal poaching probability among breeders and transients, strict polygyny, or both. Introducing individual variation (within generations) in the territory size of breeding males (i.e., harem size) has only a minor effect on the results. However, when either temporal variation (between generations) or both individual and temporal variations in the territory size of breeding males are being introduced the extinction risk of the tiger population increases dramatically. Our results indicate that although female tigers are the limiting factor in sustaining the tiger populations in a given area, males also have a significant role in determining the ability of such populations to persist for a long period of time. |
| abstract_unstemmed |
Poaching of tigers (Panthera tigris) and its prey base are considered important factors influencing wild tiger populations in India. At present, wild tigers are disappearing even from protected Tiger Reserves. Previous models, designed to understand the effect of poaching on the viability of wild tiger populations, either ignored their mating system or largely overlooked the possible effects of variation in male territory size on population persistence. We present a two-sex matrix model for the Bengal tiger in which either strict polygyny or partial polygynandry combined with either no variation, individual variation, temporal variation or both individual and temporal variations in the territory size of breeding males (i.e., harem size) occur. We parameterize our model using demographic rates based on extensive field data on tigers. We use our model to simulate four different poaching scenarios in the tiger population of the Kanha landscape in India, representing a healthy habitat that can support a viable population of tigers and their prey: (1) poaching-free environment, (2) annual poaching of two tigers, (3) annual poaching of four tigers, and (4) annual poaching of six tigers. Our results demonstrate that tiger populations in healthy habitats such as the Kanha landscape are very sensitive to unnatural additive or partially additive mortality factors. When we assume equal poaching probability among breeders and transients combined with strict polygyny, extinction probability increases from 2.2% chance of extinction under poaching of two tigers, to 62.6% chance of extinction under poaching of four tigers annually. When six tigers are being poached annually, in almost all cases the entire population goes extinct in 21.5years. Similar results are also evident when relaxing the assumption of either equal poaching probability among breeders and transients, strict polygyny, or both. Introducing individual variation (within generations) in the territory size of breeding males (i.e., harem size) has only a minor effect on the results. However, when either temporal variation (between generations) or both individual and temporal variations in the territory size of breeding males are being introduced the extinction risk of the tiger population increases dramatically. Our results indicate that although female tigers are the limiting factor in sustaining the tiger populations in a given area, males also have a significant role in determining the ability of such populations to persist for a long period of time. |
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