Nanostructure and elastic modulus of single trabecula in bovine cancellous bone
We aimed to investigate the elastic modulus of trabeculae using tensile tests and assess the effects of nanostructure at the hydroxyapatite (HAp) crystal scale on the elastic modulus. In the experiments, 18 trabeculae that were at least 3mm in length in the proximal epiphysis of three adult bovine f...
Ausführliche Beschreibung
Gespeichert in:
| Autor*in: |
Yamada, Satoshi [verfasserIn] |
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| Format: |
E-Artikel |
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| Sprache: |
Englisch |
| Erschienen: |
2014transfer abstract |
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| Schlagwörter: |
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| Umfang: |
6 |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
Enthalten in: Measuring students' school context exposures: A trajectory-based approach - Halpern-Manners, Andrew ELSEVIER, 2016, affiliated with the American Society of Biomechanics, the European Society of Biomechanics, the International Society of Biomechanics, the Japanese Society for Clinical Biomechanics and Related Research and the Australian and New Zealand Society of Biomechanics, Amsterdam [u.a.] |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:47 ; year:2014 ; number:14 ; day:7 ; month:11 ; pages:3482-3487 ; extent:6 |
| Links: |
|---|
| DOI / URN: |
10.1016/j.jbiomech.2014.09.009 |
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ELV01260156X |
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| 520 | |a We aimed to investigate the elastic modulus of trabeculae using tensile tests and assess the effects of nanostructure at the hydroxyapatite (HAp) crystal scale on the elastic modulus. In the experiments, 18 trabeculae that were at least 3mm in length in the proximal epiphysis of three adult bovine femurs were used. Tensile tests were conducted using a small tensile testing device coupled with microscopy under air-dried condition. The c-axis orientation of HAp crystals and the degree of orientation were measured by X-ray diffraction. To observe the deformation behavior of HAp crystals under tensile loading, the same tensile tests were conducted in X-ray diffraction measurements. The mineral content of specimens was evaluated using energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry. The elastic modulus of a single trabecula varied from 4.5 to 23.6GPa, and the average was 11.5±5.0GPa. The c-axis of HAp crystals was aligned with the trabecular axis and the crystals were lineally deformed under tensile loading. The ratio of the HAp crystal strain to the tissue strain (strain ratio) had a significant correlation with the elastic modulus (r=0.79; P<0.001). However, the mineral content and the degree of orientation did not vary widely and did not correlate with the elastic modulus in this study. It suggests that the strain ratio may represent the nanostructure of a single trabecula and would determine the elastic modulus as well as mineral content and orientation. | ||
| 520 | |a We aimed to investigate the elastic modulus of trabeculae using tensile tests and assess the effects of nanostructure at the hydroxyapatite (HAp) crystal scale on the elastic modulus. In the experiments, 18 trabeculae that were at least 3mm in length in the proximal epiphysis of three adult bovine femurs were used. Tensile tests were conducted using a small tensile testing device coupled with microscopy under air-dried condition. The c-axis orientation of HAp crystals and the degree of orientation were measured by X-ray diffraction. To observe the deformation behavior of HAp crystals under tensile loading, the same tensile tests were conducted in X-ray diffraction measurements. The mineral content of specimens was evaluated using energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry. The elastic modulus of a single trabecula varied from 4.5 to 23.6GPa, and the average was 11.5±5.0GPa. The c-axis of HAp crystals was aligned with the trabecular axis and the crystals were lineally deformed under tensile loading. The ratio of the HAp crystal strain to the tissue strain (strain ratio) had a significant correlation with the elastic modulus (r=0.79; P<0.001). However, the mineral content and the degree of orientation did not vary widely and did not correlate with the elastic modulus in this study. It suggests that the strain ratio may represent the nanostructure of a single trabecula and would determine the elastic modulus as well as mineral content and orientation. | ||
| 650 | 7 | |a Biomechanics |2 Elsevier | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Single trabecula |2 Elsevier | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Elastic modulus |2 Elsevier | |
| 650 | 7 | |a X-ray diffraction |2 Elsevier | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Hydroxyapatite |2 Elsevier | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Cancellous bone |2 Elsevier | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Tadano, Shigeru |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Fukuda, Sakurako |4 oth | |
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10.1016/j.jbiomech.2014.09.009 doi GBVA2014021000018.pica (DE-627)ELV01260156X (ELSEVIER)S0021-9290(14)00475-8 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 570 796 570 DE-600 796 DE-600 300 VZ 70.00 bkl 71.00 bkl Yamada, Satoshi verfasserin aut Nanostructure and elastic modulus of single trabecula in bovine cancellous bone 2014transfer abstract 6 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier We aimed to investigate the elastic modulus of trabeculae using tensile tests and assess the effects of nanostructure at the hydroxyapatite (HAp) crystal scale on the elastic modulus. In the experiments, 18 trabeculae that were at least 3mm in length in the proximal epiphysis of three adult bovine femurs were used. Tensile tests were conducted using a small tensile testing device coupled with microscopy under air-dried condition. The c-axis orientation of HAp crystals and the degree of orientation were measured by X-ray diffraction. To observe the deformation behavior of HAp crystals under tensile loading, the same tensile tests were conducted in X-ray diffraction measurements. The mineral content of specimens was evaluated using energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry. The elastic modulus of a single trabecula varied from 4.5 to 23.6GPa, and the average was 11.5±5.0GPa. The c-axis of HAp crystals was aligned with the trabecular axis and the crystals were lineally deformed under tensile loading. The ratio of the HAp crystal strain to the tissue strain (strain ratio) had a significant correlation with the elastic modulus (r=0.79; P<0.001). However, the mineral content and the degree of orientation did not vary widely and did not correlate with the elastic modulus in this study. It suggests that the strain ratio may represent the nanostructure of a single trabecula and would determine the elastic modulus as well as mineral content and orientation. We aimed to investigate the elastic modulus of trabeculae using tensile tests and assess the effects of nanostructure at the hydroxyapatite (HAp) crystal scale on the elastic modulus. In the experiments, 18 trabeculae that were at least 3mm in length in the proximal epiphysis of three adult bovine femurs were used. Tensile tests were conducted using a small tensile testing device coupled with microscopy under air-dried condition. The c-axis orientation of HAp crystals and the degree of orientation were measured by X-ray diffraction. To observe the deformation behavior of HAp crystals under tensile loading, the same tensile tests were conducted in X-ray diffraction measurements. The mineral content of specimens was evaluated using energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry. The elastic modulus of a single trabecula varied from 4.5 to 23.6GPa, and the average was 11.5±5.0GPa. The c-axis of HAp crystals was aligned with the trabecular axis and the crystals were lineally deformed under tensile loading. The ratio of the HAp crystal strain to the tissue strain (strain ratio) had a significant correlation with the elastic modulus (r=0.79; P<0.001). However, the mineral content and the degree of orientation did not vary widely and did not correlate with the elastic modulus in this study. It suggests that the strain ratio may represent the nanostructure of a single trabecula and would determine the elastic modulus as well as mineral content and orientation. Biomechanics Elsevier Single trabecula Elsevier Elastic modulus Elsevier X-ray diffraction Elsevier Hydroxyapatite Elsevier Cancellous bone Elsevier Tadano, Shigeru oth Fukuda, Sakurako oth Enthalten in Elsevier Science Halpern-Manners, Andrew ELSEVIER Measuring students' school context exposures: A trajectory-based approach 2016 affiliated with the American Society of Biomechanics, the European Society of Biomechanics, the International Society of Biomechanics, the Japanese Society for Clinical Biomechanics and Related Research and the Australian and New Zealand Society of Biomechanics Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV00201923X volume:47 year:2014 number:14 day:7 month:11 pages:3482-3487 extent:6 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2014.09.009 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U 70.00 Sozialwissenschaften allgemein: Allgemeines VZ 71.00 Soziologie: Allgemeines VZ AR 47 2014 14 7 1107 3482-3487 6 045F 570 |
| spelling |
10.1016/j.jbiomech.2014.09.009 doi GBVA2014021000018.pica (DE-627)ELV01260156X (ELSEVIER)S0021-9290(14)00475-8 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 570 796 570 DE-600 796 DE-600 300 VZ 70.00 bkl 71.00 bkl Yamada, Satoshi verfasserin aut Nanostructure and elastic modulus of single trabecula in bovine cancellous bone 2014transfer abstract 6 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier We aimed to investigate the elastic modulus of trabeculae using tensile tests and assess the effects of nanostructure at the hydroxyapatite (HAp) crystal scale on the elastic modulus. In the experiments, 18 trabeculae that were at least 3mm in length in the proximal epiphysis of three adult bovine femurs were used. Tensile tests were conducted using a small tensile testing device coupled with microscopy under air-dried condition. The c-axis orientation of HAp crystals and the degree of orientation were measured by X-ray diffraction. To observe the deformation behavior of HAp crystals under tensile loading, the same tensile tests were conducted in X-ray diffraction measurements. The mineral content of specimens was evaluated using energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry. The elastic modulus of a single trabecula varied from 4.5 to 23.6GPa, and the average was 11.5±5.0GPa. The c-axis of HAp crystals was aligned with the trabecular axis and the crystals were lineally deformed under tensile loading. The ratio of the HAp crystal strain to the tissue strain (strain ratio) had a significant correlation with the elastic modulus (r=0.79; P<0.001). However, the mineral content and the degree of orientation did not vary widely and did not correlate with the elastic modulus in this study. It suggests that the strain ratio may represent the nanostructure of a single trabecula and would determine the elastic modulus as well as mineral content and orientation. We aimed to investigate the elastic modulus of trabeculae using tensile tests and assess the effects of nanostructure at the hydroxyapatite (HAp) crystal scale on the elastic modulus. In the experiments, 18 trabeculae that were at least 3mm in length in the proximal epiphysis of three adult bovine femurs were used. Tensile tests were conducted using a small tensile testing device coupled with microscopy under air-dried condition. The c-axis orientation of HAp crystals and the degree of orientation were measured by X-ray diffraction. To observe the deformation behavior of HAp crystals under tensile loading, the same tensile tests were conducted in X-ray diffraction measurements. The mineral content of specimens was evaluated using energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry. The elastic modulus of a single trabecula varied from 4.5 to 23.6GPa, and the average was 11.5±5.0GPa. The c-axis of HAp crystals was aligned with the trabecular axis and the crystals were lineally deformed under tensile loading. The ratio of the HAp crystal strain to the tissue strain (strain ratio) had a significant correlation with the elastic modulus (r=0.79; P<0.001). However, the mineral content and the degree of orientation did not vary widely and did not correlate with the elastic modulus in this study. It suggests that the strain ratio may represent the nanostructure of a single trabecula and would determine the elastic modulus as well as mineral content and orientation. Biomechanics Elsevier Single trabecula Elsevier Elastic modulus Elsevier X-ray diffraction Elsevier Hydroxyapatite Elsevier Cancellous bone Elsevier Tadano, Shigeru oth Fukuda, Sakurako oth Enthalten in Elsevier Science Halpern-Manners, Andrew ELSEVIER Measuring students' school context exposures: A trajectory-based approach 2016 affiliated with the American Society of Biomechanics, the European Society of Biomechanics, the International Society of Biomechanics, the Japanese Society for Clinical Biomechanics and Related Research and the Australian and New Zealand Society of Biomechanics Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV00201923X volume:47 year:2014 number:14 day:7 month:11 pages:3482-3487 extent:6 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2014.09.009 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U 70.00 Sozialwissenschaften allgemein: Allgemeines VZ 71.00 Soziologie: Allgemeines VZ AR 47 2014 14 7 1107 3482-3487 6 045F 570 |
| allfields_unstemmed |
10.1016/j.jbiomech.2014.09.009 doi GBVA2014021000018.pica (DE-627)ELV01260156X (ELSEVIER)S0021-9290(14)00475-8 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 570 796 570 DE-600 796 DE-600 300 VZ 70.00 bkl 71.00 bkl Yamada, Satoshi verfasserin aut Nanostructure and elastic modulus of single trabecula in bovine cancellous bone 2014transfer abstract 6 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier We aimed to investigate the elastic modulus of trabeculae using tensile tests and assess the effects of nanostructure at the hydroxyapatite (HAp) crystal scale on the elastic modulus. In the experiments, 18 trabeculae that were at least 3mm in length in the proximal epiphysis of three adult bovine femurs were used. Tensile tests were conducted using a small tensile testing device coupled with microscopy under air-dried condition. The c-axis orientation of HAp crystals and the degree of orientation were measured by X-ray diffraction. To observe the deformation behavior of HAp crystals under tensile loading, the same tensile tests were conducted in X-ray diffraction measurements. The mineral content of specimens was evaluated using energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry. The elastic modulus of a single trabecula varied from 4.5 to 23.6GPa, and the average was 11.5±5.0GPa. The c-axis of HAp crystals was aligned with the trabecular axis and the crystals were lineally deformed under tensile loading. The ratio of the HAp crystal strain to the tissue strain (strain ratio) had a significant correlation with the elastic modulus (r=0.79; P<0.001). However, the mineral content and the degree of orientation did not vary widely and did not correlate with the elastic modulus in this study. It suggests that the strain ratio may represent the nanostructure of a single trabecula and would determine the elastic modulus as well as mineral content and orientation. We aimed to investigate the elastic modulus of trabeculae using tensile tests and assess the effects of nanostructure at the hydroxyapatite (HAp) crystal scale on the elastic modulus. In the experiments, 18 trabeculae that were at least 3mm in length in the proximal epiphysis of three adult bovine femurs were used. Tensile tests were conducted using a small tensile testing device coupled with microscopy under air-dried condition. The c-axis orientation of HAp crystals and the degree of orientation were measured by X-ray diffraction. To observe the deformation behavior of HAp crystals under tensile loading, the same tensile tests were conducted in X-ray diffraction measurements. The mineral content of specimens was evaluated using energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry. The elastic modulus of a single trabecula varied from 4.5 to 23.6GPa, and the average was 11.5±5.0GPa. The c-axis of HAp crystals was aligned with the trabecular axis and the crystals were lineally deformed under tensile loading. The ratio of the HAp crystal strain to the tissue strain (strain ratio) had a significant correlation with the elastic modulus (r=0.79; P<0.001). However, the mineral content and the degree of orientation did not vary widely and did not correlate with the elastic modulus in this study. It suggests that the strain ratio may represent the nanostructure of a single trabecula and would determine the elastic modulus as well as mineral content and orientation. Biomechanics Elsevier Single trabecula Elsevier Elastic modulus Elsevier X-ray diffraction Elsevier Hydroxyapatite Elsevier Cancellous bone Elsevier Tadano, Shigeru oth Fukuda, Sakurako oth Enthalten in Elsevier Science Halpern-Manners, Andrew ELSEVIER Measuring students' school context exposures: A trajectory-based approach 2016 affiliated with the American Society of Biomechanics, the European Society of Biomechanics, the International Society of Biomechanics, the Japanese Society for Clinical Biomechanics and Related Research and the Australian and New Zealand Society of Biomechanics Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV00201923X volume:47 year:2014 number:14 day:7 month:11 pages:3482-3487 extent:6 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2014.09.009 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U 70.00 Sozialwissenschaften allgemein: Allgemeines VZ 71.00 Soziologie: Allgemeines VZ AR 47 2014 14 7 1107 3482-3487 6 045F 570 |
| allfieldsGer |
10.1016/j.jbiomech.2014.09.009 doi GBVA2014021000018.pica (DE-627)ELV01260156X (ELSEVIER)S0021-9290(14)00475-8 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 570 796 570 DE-600 796 DE-600 300 VZ 70.00 bkl 71.00 bkl Yamada, Satoshi verfasserin aut Nanostructure and elastic modulus of single trabecula in bovine cancellous bone 2014transfer abstract 6 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier We aimed to investigate the elastic modulus of trabeculae using tensile tests and assess the effects of nanostructure at the hydroxyapatite (HAp) crystal scale on the elastic modulus. In the experiments, 18 trabeculae that were at least 3mm in length in the proximal epiphysis of three adult bovine femurs were used. Tensile tests were conducted using a small tensile testing device coupled with microscopy under air-dried condition. The c-axis orientation of HAp crystals and the degree of orientation were measured by X-ray diffraction. To observe the deformation behavior of HAp crystals under tensile loading, the same tensile tests were conducted in X-ray diffraction measurements. The mineral content of specimens was evaluated using energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry. The elastic modulus of a single trabecula varied from 4.5 to 23.6GPa, and the average was 11.5±5.0GPa. The c-axis of HAp crystals was aligned with the trabecular axis and the crystals were lineally deformed under tensile loading. The ratio of the HAp crystal strain to the tissue strain (strain ratio) had a significant correlation with the elastic modulus (r=0.79; P<0.001). However, the mineral content and the degree of orientation did not vary widely and did not correlate with the elastic modulus in this study. It suggests that the strain ratio may represent the nanostructure of a single trabecula and would determine the elastic modulus as well as mineral content and orientation. We aimed to investigate the elastic modulus of trabeculae using tensile tests and assess the effects of nanostructure at the hydroxyapatite (HAp) crystal scale on the elastic modulus. In the experiments, 18 trabeculae that were at least 3mm in length in the proximal epiphysis of three adult bovine femurs were used. Tensile tests were conducted using a small tensile testing device coupled with microscopy under air-dried condition. The c-axis orientation of HAp crystals and the degree of orientation were measured by X-ray diffraction. To observe the deformation behavior of HAp crystals under tensile loading, the same tensile tests were conducted in X-ray diffraction measurements. The mineral content of specimens was evaluated using energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry. The elastic modulus of a single trabecula varied from 4.5 to 23.6GPa, and the average was 11.5±5.0GPa. The c-axis of HAp crystals was aligned with the trabecular axis and the crystals were lineally deformed under tensile loading. The ratio of the HAp crystal strain to the tissue strain (strain ratio) had a significant correlation with the elastic modulus (r=0.79; P<0.001). However, the mineral content and the degree of orientation did not vary widely and did not correlate with the elastic modulus in this study. It suggests that the strain ratio may represent the nanostructure of a single trabecula and would determine the elastic modulus as well as mineral content and orientation. Biomechanics Elsevier Single trabecula Elsevier Elastic modulus Elsevier X-ray diffraction Elsevier Hydroxyapatite Elsevier Cancellous bone Elsevier Tadano, Shigeru oth Fukuda, Sakurako oth Enthalten in Elsevier Science Halpern-Manners, Andrew ELSEVIER Measuring students' school context exposures: A trajectory-based approach 2016 affiliated with the American Society of Biomechanics, the European Society of Biomechanics, the International Society of Biomechanics, the Japanese Society for Clinical Biomechanics and Related Research and the Australian and New Zealand Society of Biomechanics Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV00201923X volume:47 year:2014 number:14 day:7 month:11 pages:3482-3487 extent:6 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2014.09.009 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U 70.00 Sozialwissenschaften allgemein: Allgemeines VZ 71.00 Soziologie: Allgemeines VZ AR 47 2014 14 7 1107 3482-3487 6 045F 570 |
| allfieldsSound |
10.1016/j.jbiomech.2014.09.009 doi GBVA2014021000018.pica (DE-627)ELV01260156X (ELSEVIER)S0021-9290(14)00475-8 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 570 796 570 DE-600 796 DE-600 300 VZ 70.00 bkl 71.00 bkl Yamada, Satoshi verfasserin aut Nanostructure and elastic modulus of single trabecula in bovine cancellous bone 2014transfer abstract 6 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier We aimed to investigate the elastic modulus of trabeculae using tensile tests and assess the effects of nanostructure at the hydroxyapatite (HAp) crystal scale on the elastic modulus. In the experiments, 18 trabeculae that were at least 3mm in length in the proximal epiphysis of three adult bovine femurs were used. Tensile tests were conducted using a small tensile testing device coupled with microscopy under air-dried condition. The c-axis orientation of HAp crystals and the degree of orientation were measured by X-ray diffraction. To observe the deformation behavior of HAp crystals under tensile loading, the same tensile tests were conducted in X-ray diffraction measurements. The mineral content of specimens was evaluated using energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry. The elastic modulus of a single trabecula varied from 4.5 to 23.6GPa, and the average was 11.5±5.0GPa. The c-axis of HAp crystals was aligned with the trabecular axis and the crystals were lineally deformed under tensile loading. The ratio of the HAp crystal strain to the tissue strain (strain ratio) had a significant correlation with the elastic modulus (r=0.79; P<0.001). However, the mineral content and the degree of orientation did not vary widely and did not correlate with the elastic modulus in this study. It suggests that the strain ratio may represent the nanostructure of a single trabecula and would determine the elastic modulus as well as mineral content and orientation. We aimed to investigate the elastic modulus of trabeculae using tensile tests and assess the effects of nanostructure at the hydroxyapatite (HAp) crystal scale on the elastic modulus. In the experiments, 18 trabeculae that were at least 3mm in length in the proximal epiphysis of three adult bovine femurs were used. Tensile tests were conducted using a small tensile testing device coupled with microscopy under air-dried condition. The c-axis orientation of HAp crystals and the degree of orientation were measured by X-ray diffraction. To observe the deformation behavior of HAp crystals under tensile loading, the same tensile tests were conducted in X-ray diffraction measurements. The mineral content of specimens was evaluated using energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry. The elastic modulus of a single trabecula varied from 4.5 to 23.6GPa, and the average was 11.5±5.0GPa. The c-axis of HAp crystals was aligned with the trabecular axis and the crystals were lineally deformed under tensile loading. The ratio of the HAp crystal strain to the tissue strain (strain ratio) had a significant correlation with the elastic modulus (r=0.79; P<0.001). However, the mineral content and the degree of orientation did not vary widely and did not correlate with the elastic modulus in this study. It suggests that the strain ratio may represent the nanostructure of a single trabecula and would determine the elastic modulus as well as mineral content and orientation. Biomechanics Elsevier Single trabecula Elsevier Elastic modulus Elsevier X-ray diffraction Elsevier Hydroxyapatite Elsevier Cancellous bone Elsevier Tadano, Shigeru oth Fukuda, Sakurako oth Enthalten in Elsevier Science Halpern-Manners, Andrew ELSEVIER Measuring students' school context exposures: A trajectory-based approach 2016 affiliated with the American Society of Biomechanics, the European Society of Biomechanics, the International Society of Biomechanics, the Japanese Society for Clinical Biomechanics and Related Research and the Australian and New Zealand Society of Biomechanics Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV00201923X volume:47 year:2014 number:14 day:7 month:11 pages:3482-3487 extent:6 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2014.09.009 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U 70.00 Sozialwissenschaften allgemein: Allgemeines VZ 71.00 Soziologie: Allgemeines VZ AR 47 2014 14 7 1107 3482-3487 6 045F 570 |
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nanostructure and elastic modulus of single trabecula in bovine cancellous bone |
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Nanostructure and elastic modulus of single trabecula in bovine cancellous bone |
| abstract |
We aimed to investigate the elastic modulus of trabeculae using tensile tests and assess the effects of nanostructure at the hydroxyapatite (HAp) crystal scale on the elastic modulus. In the experiments, 18 trabeculae that were at least 3mm in length in the proximal epiphysis of three adult bovine femurs were used. Tensile tests were conducted using a small tensile testing device coupled with microscopy under air-dried condition. The c-axis orientation of HAp crystals and the degree of orientation were measured by X-ray diffraction. To observe the deformation behavior of HAp crystals under tensile loading, the same tensile tests were conducted in X-ray diffraction measurements. The mineral content of specimens was evaluated using energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry. The elastic modulus of a single trabecula varied from 4.5 to 23.6GPa, and the average was 11.5±5.0GPa. The c-axis of HAp crystals was aligned with the trabecular axis and the crystals were lineally deformed under tensile loading. The ratio of the HAp crystal strain to the tissue strain (strain ratio) had a significant correlation with the elastic modulus (r=0.79; P<0.001). However, the mineral content and the degree of orientation did not vary widely and did not correlate with the elastic modulus in this study. It suggests that the strain ratio may represent the nanostructure of a single trabecula and would determine the elastic modulus as well as mineral content and orientation. |
| abstractGer |
We aimed to investigate the elastic modulus of trabeculae using tensile tests and assess the effects of nanostructure at the hydroxyapatite (HAp) crystal scale on the elastic modulus. In the experiments, 18 trabeculae that were at least 3mm in length in the proximal epiphysis of three adult bovine femurs were used. Tensile tests were conducted using a small tensile testing device coupled with microscopy under air-dried condition. The c-axis orientation of HAp crystals and the degree of orientation were measured by X-ray diffraction. To observe the deformation behavior of HAp crystals under tensile loading, the same tensile tests were conducted in X-ray diffraction measurements. The mineral content of specimens was evaluated using energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry. The elastic modulus of a single trabecula varied from 4.5 to 23.6GPa, and the average was 11.5±5.0GPa. The c-axis of HAp crystals was aligned with the trabecular axis and the crystals were lineally deformed under tensile loading. The ratio of the HAp crystal strain to the tissue strain (strain ratio) had a significant correlation with the elastic modulus (r=0.79; P<0.001). However, the mineral content and the degree of orientation did not vary widely and did not correlate with the elastic modulus in this study. It suggests that the strain ratio may represent the nanostructure of a single trabecula and would determine the elastic modulus as well as mineral content and orientation. |
| abstract_unstemmed |
We aimed to investigate the elastic modulus of trabeculae using tensile tests and assess the effects of nanostructure at the hydroxyapatite (HAp) crystal scale on the elastic modulus. In the experiments, 18 trabeculae that were at least 3mm in length in the proximal epiphysis of three adult bovine femurs were used. Tensile tests were conducted using a small tensile testing device coupled with microscopy under air-dried condition. The c-axis orientation of HAp crystals and the degree of orientation were measured by X-ray diffraction. To observe the deformation behavior of HAp crystals under tensile loading, the same tensile tests were conducted in X-ray diffraction measurements. The mineral content of specimens was evaluated using energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry. The elastic modulus of a single trabecula varied from 4.5 to 23.6GPa, and the average was 11.5±5.0GPa. The c-axis of HAp crystals was aligned with the trabecular axis and the crystals were lineally deformed under tensile loading. The ratio of the HAp crystal strain to the tissue strain (strain ratio) had a significant correlation with the elastic modulus (r=0.79; P<0.001). However, the mineral content and the degree of orientation did not vary widely and did not correlate with the elastic modulus in this study. It suggests that the strain ratio may represent the nanostructure of a single trabecula and would determine the elastic modulus as well as mineral content and orientation. |
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