Swelling significantly affects the material properties of the menisci in compression
This study has evaluated the swelling of meniscal test samples associated with altered osmotic environments. Meniscal samples were cut and weighed, then placed in one of 3 solutions: deionized water, phosphate buffered saline (PBS) or 2× concentration PBS. The amount of swelling in meniscal samples...
Ausführliche Beschreibung
Gespeichert in:
| Autor*in: |
Andrews, Stephen H.J. [verfasserIn] |
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| Format: |
E-Artikel |
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| Sprache: |
Englisch |
| Erschienen: |
2015transfer abstract |
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| Schlagwörter: |
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| Umfang: |
5 |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
Enthalten in: Measuring students' school context exposures: A trajectory-based approach - Halpern-Manners, Andrew ELSEVIER, 2016, affiliated with the American Society of Biomechanics, the European Society of Biomechanics, the International Society of Biomechanics, the Japanese Society for Clinical Biomechanics and Related Research and the Australian and New Zealand Society of Biomechanics, Amsterdam [u.a.] |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:48 ; year:2015 ; number:8 ; day:1 ; month:06 ; pages:1485-1489 ; extent:5 |
| Links: |
|---|
| DOI / URN: |
10.1016/j.jbiomech.2015.02.001 |
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ELV013519891 |
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| 520 | |a This study has evaluated the swelling of meniscal test samples associated with altered osmotic environments. Meniscal samples were cut and weighed, then placed in one of 3 solutions: deionized water, phosphate buffered saline (PBS) or 2× concentration PBS. The amount of swelling in meniscal samples was solution independent with average swelling greater than 20%. The effect of this swelling on the mechanical properties of the samples was evaluated under confined compression testing. Samples were measured using a photogrammetric technique at the time of sample preparation and again after 1h in PBS. Meniscal samples used for mechanical testing swelled on average 18% in thickness after 1h in isotonic PBS. Free-swollen tissue was 1/3 as stiff at equilibrium as those that were recompressed to their original thickness prior to testing. Secant moduli at peak stress were nine times greater in the recompressed samples than the free-swollen samples. Relaxation times were faster in swollen samples, indicating increased permeability compared to recompressed specimen. Swelling pressure in the tissue averaged 14.4kPa in isotonic PBS, identifying that the menisci are pre-stressed structures within the knee joint. Histological analysis identified that the quantity of swelling is related to both the osmotic pressure generated by proteoglycans and the local collagen architecture in the sample. This is the first study to quantify the amount and swelling in meniscal test samples. This swelling behavior significantly influences the properties of the tissue in compression and should be addressed in future mechanical testing and protocol development for the menisci. | ||
| 520 | |a This study has evaluated the swelling of meniscal test samples associated with altered osmotic environments. Meniscal samples were cut and weighed, then placed in one of 3 solutions: deionized water, phosphate buffered saline (PBS) or 2× concentration PBS. The amount of swelling in meniscal samples was solution independent with average swelling greater than 20%. The effect of this swelling on the mechanical properties of the samples was evaluated under confined compression testing. Samples were measured using a photogrammetric technique at the time of sample preparation and again after 1h in PBS. Meniscal samples used for mechanical testing swelled on average 18% in thickness after 1h in isotonic PBS. Free-swollen tissue was 1/3 as stiff at equilibrium as those that were recompressed to their original thickness prior to testing. Secant moduli at peak stress were nine times greater in the recompressed samples than the free-swollen samples. Relaxation times were faster in swollen samples, indicating increased permeability compared to recompressed specimen. Swelling pressure in the tissue averaged 14.4kPa in isotonic PBS, identifying that the menisci are pre-stressed structures within the knee joint. Histological analysis identified that the quantity of swelling is related to both the osmotic pressure generated by proteoglycans and the local collagen architecture in the sample. This is the first study to quantify the amount and swelling in meniscal test samples. This swelling behavior significantly influences the properties of the tissue in compression and should be addressed in future mechanical testing and protocol development for the menisci. | ||
| 650 | 7 | |a Knee |2 Elsevier | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Compression |2 Elsevier | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Meniscus |2 Elsevier | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Swelling |2 Elsevier | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Rattner, Jerome B. |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Shrive, Nigel G. |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Ronsky, Janet L. |4 oth | |
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10.1016/j.jbiomech.2015.02.001 doi GBVA2015022000002.pica (DE-627)ELV013519891 (ELSEVIER)S0021-9290(15)00067-6 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 570 796 570 DE-600 796 DE-600 300 VZ 70.00 bkl 71.00 bkl Andrews, Stephen H.J. verfasserin aut Swelling significantly affects the material properties of the menisci in compression 2015transfer abstract 5 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier This study has evaluated the swelling of meniscal test samples associated with altered osmotic environments. Meniscal samples were cut and weighed, then placed in one of 3 solutions: deionized water, phosphate buffered saline (PBS) or 2× concentration PBS. The amount of swelling in meniscal samples was solution independent with average swelling greater than 20%. The effect of this swelling on the mechanical properties of the samples was evaluated under confined compression testing. Samples were measured using a photogrammetric technique at the time of sample preparation and again after 1h in PBS. Meniscal samples used for mechanical testing swelled on average 18% in thickness after 1h in isotonic PBS. Free-swollen tissue was 1/3 as stiff at equilibrium as those that were recompressed to their original thickness prior to testing. Secant moduli at peak stress were nine times greater in the recompressed samples than the free-swollen samples. Relaxation times were faster in swollen samples, indicating increased permeability compared to recompressed specimen. Swelling pressure in the tissue averaged 14.4kPa in isotonic PBS, identifying that the menisci are pre-stressed structures within the knee joint. Histological analysis identified that the quantity of swelling is related to both the osmotic pressure generated by proteoglycans and the local collagen architecture in the sample. This is the first study to quantify the amount and swelling in meniscal test samples. This swelling behavior significantly influences the properties of the tissue in compression and should be addressed in future mechanical testing and protocol development for the menisci. This study has evaluated the swelling of meniscal test samples associated with altered osmotic environments. Meniscal samples were cut and weighed, then placed in one of 3 solutions: deionized water, phosphate buffered saline (PBS) or 2× concentration PBS. The amount of swelling in meniscal samples was solution independent with average swelling greater than 20%. The effect of this swelling on the mechanical properties of the samples was evaluated under confined compression testing. Samples were measured using a photogrammetric technique at the time of sample preparation and again after 1h in PBS. Meniscal samples used for mechanical testing swelled on average 18% in thickness after 1h in isotonic PBS. Free-swollen tissue was 1/3 as stiff at equilibrium as those that were recompressed to their original thickness prior to testing. Secant moduli at peak stress were nine times greater in the recompressed samples than the free-swollen samples. Relaxation times were faster in swollen samples, indicating increased permeability compared to recompressed specimen. Swelling pressure in the tissue averaged 14.4kPa in isotonic PBS, identifying that the menisci are pre-stressed structures within the knee joint. Histological analysis identified that the quantity of swelling is related to both the osmotic pressure generated by proteoglycans and the local collagen architecture in the sample. This is the first study to quantify the amount and swelling in meniscal test samples. This swelling behavior significantly influences the properties of the tissue in compression and should be addressed in future mechanical testing and protocol development for the menisci. Knee Elsevier Compression Elsevier Meniscus Elsevier Swelling Elsevier Rattner, Jerome B. oth Shrive, Nigel G. oth Ronsky, Janet L. oth Enthalten in Elsevier Science Halpern-Manners, Andrew ELSEVIER Measuring students' school context exposures: A trajectory-based approach 2016 affiliated with the American Society of Biomechanics, the European Society of Biomechanics, the International Society of Biomechanics, the Japanese Society for Clinical Biomechanics and Related Research and the Australian and New Zealand Society of Biomechanics Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV00201923X volume:48 year:2015 number:8 day:1 month:06 pages:1485-1489 extent:5 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2015.02.001 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U 70.00 Sozialwissenschaften allgemein: Allgemeines VZ 71.00 Soziologie: Allgemeines VZ AR 48 2015 8 1 0601 1485-1489 5 045F 570 |
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10.1016/j.jbiomech.2015.02.001 doi GBVA2015022000002.pica (DE-627)ELV013519891 (ELSEVIER)S0021-9290(15)00067-6 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 570 796 570 DE-600 796 DE-600 300 VZ 70.00 bkl 71.00 bkl Andrews, Stephen H.J. verfasserin aut Swelling significantly affects the material properties of the menisci in compression 2015transfer abstract 5 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier This study has evaluated the swelling of meniscal test samples associated with altered osmotic environments. Meniscal samples were cut and weighed, then placed in one of 3 solutions: deionized water, phosphate buffered saline (PBS) or 2× concentration PBS. The amount of swelling in meniscal samples was solution independent with average swelling greater than 20%. The effect of this swelling on the mechanical properties of the samples was evaluated under confined compression testing. Samples were measured using a photogrammetric technique at the time of sample preparation and again after 1h in PBS. Meniscal samples used for mechanical testing swelled on average 18% in thickness after 1h in isotonic PBS. Free-swollen tissue was 1/3 as stiff at equilibrium as those that were recompressed to their original thickness prior to testing. Secant moduli at peak stress were nine times greater in the recompressed samples than the free-swollen samples. Relaxation times were faster in swollen samples, indicating increased permeability compared to recompressed specimen. Swelling pressure in the tissue averaged 14.4kPa in isotonic PBS, identifying that the menisci are pre-stressed structures within the knee joint. Histological analysis identified that the quantity of swelling is related to both the osmotic pressure generated by proteoglycans and the local collagen architecture in the sample. This is the first study to quantify the amount and swelling in meniscal test samples. This swelling behavior significantly influences the properties of the tissue in compression and should be addressed in future mechanical testing and protocol development for the menisci. This study has evaluated the swelling of meniscal test samples associated with altered osmotic environments. Meniscal samples were cut and weighed, then placed in one of 3 solutions: deionized water, phosphate buffered saline (PBS) or 2× concentration PBS. The amount of swelling in meniscal samples was solution independent with average swelling greater than 20%. The effect of this swelling on the mechanical properties of the samples was evaluated under confined compression testing. Samples were measured using a photogrammetric technique at the time of sample preparation and again after 1h in PBS. Meniscal samples used for mechanical testing swelled on average 18% in thickness after 1h in isotonic PBS. Free-swollen tissue was 1/3 as stiff at equilibrium as those that were recompressed to their original thickness prior to testing. Secant moduli at peak stress were nine times greater in the recompressed samples than the free-swollen samples. Relaxation times were faster in swollen samples, indicating increased permeability compared to recompressed specimen. Swelling pressure in the tissue averaged 14.4kPa in isotonic PBS, identifying that the menisci are pre-stressed structures within the knee joint. Histological analysis identified that the quantity of swelling is related to both the osmotic pressure generated by proteoglycans and the local collagen architecture in the sample. This is the first study to quantify the amount and swelling in meniscal test samples. This swelling behavior significantly influences the properties of the tissue in compression and should be addressed in future mechanical testing and protocol development for the menisci. Knee Elsevier Compression Elsevier Meniscus Elsevier Swelling Elsevier Rattner, Jerome B. oth Shrive, Nigel G. oth Ronsky, Janet L. oth Enthalten in Elsevier Science Halpern-Manners, Andrew ELSEVIER Measuring students' school context exposures: A trajectory-based approach 2016 affiliated with the American Society of Biomechanics, the European Society of Biomechanics, the International Society of Biomechanics, the Japanese Society for Clinical Biomechanics and Related Research and the Australian and New Zealand Society of Biomechanics Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV00201923X volume:48 year:2015 number:8 day:1 month:06 pages:1485-1489 extent:5 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2015.02.001 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U 70.00 Sozialwissenschaften allgemein: Allgemeines VZ 71.00 Soziologie: Allgemeines VZ AR 48 2015 8 1 0601 1485-1489 5 045F 570 |
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10.1016/j.jbiomech.2015.02.001 doi GBVA2015022000002.pica (DE-627)ELV013519891 (ELSEVIER)S0021-9290(15)00067-6 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 570 796 570 DE-600 796 DE-600 300 VZ 70.00 bkl 71.00 bkl Andrews, Stephen H.J. verfasserin aut Swelling significantly affects the material properties of the menisci in compression 2015transfer abstract 5 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier This study has evaluated the swelling of meniscal test samples associated with altered osmotic environments. Meniscal samples were cut and weighed, then placed in one of 3 solutions: deionized water, phosphate buffered saline (PBS) or 2× concentration PBS. The amount of swelling in meniscal samples was solution independent with average swelling greater than 20%. The effect of this swelling on the mechanical properties of the samples was evaluated under confined compression testing. Samples were measured using a photogrammetric technique at the time of sample preparation and again after 1h in PBS. Meniscal samples used for mechanical testing swelled on average 18% in thickness after 1h in isotonic PBS. Free-swollen tissue was 1/3 as stiff at equilibrium as those that were recompressed to their original thickness prior to testing. Secant moduli at peak stress were nine times greater in the recompressed samples than the free-swollen samples. Relaxation times were faster in swollen samples, indicating increased permeability compared to recompressed specimen. Swelling pressure in the tissue averaged 14.4kPa in isotonic PBS, identifying that the menisci are pre-stressed structures within the knee joint. Histological analysis identified that the quantity of swelling is related to both the osmotic pressure generated by proteoglycans and the local collagen architecture in the sample. This is the first study to quantify the amount and swelling in meniscal test samples. This swelling behavior significantly influences the properties of the tissue in compression and should be addressed in future mechanical testing and protocol development for the menisci. This study has evaluated the swelling of meniscal test samples associated with altered osmotic environments. Meniscal samples were cut and weighed, then placed in one of 3 solutions: deionized water, phosphate buffered saline (PBS) or 2× concentration PBS. The amount of swelling in meniscal samples was solution independent with average swelling greater than 20%. The effect of this swelling on the mechanical properties of the samples was evaluated under confined compression testing. Samples were measured using a photogrammetric technique at the time of sample preparation and again after 1h in PBS. Meniscal samples used for mechanical testing swelled on average 18% in thickness after 1h in isotonic PBS. Free-swollen tissue was 1/3 as stiff at equilibrium as those that were recompressed to their original thickness prior to testing. Secant moduli at peak stress were nine times greater in the recompressed samples than the free-swollen samples. Relaxation times were faster in swollen samples, indicating increased permeability compared to recompressed specimen. Swelling pressure in the tissue averaged 14.4kPa in isotonic PBS, identifying that the menisci are pre-stressed structures within the knee joint. Histological analysis identified that the quantity of swelling is related to both the osmotic pressure generated by proteoglycans and the local collagen architecture in the sample. This is the first study to quantify the amount and swelling in meniscal test samples. This swelling behavior significantly influences the properties of the tissue in compression and should be addressed in future mechanical testing and protocol development for the menisci. Knee Elsevier Compression Elsevier Meniscus Elsevier Swelling Elsevier Rattner, Jerome B. oth Shrive, Nigel G. oth Ronsky, Janet L. oth Enthalten in Elsevier Science Halpern-Manners, Andrew ELSEVIER Measuring students' school context exposures: A trajectory-based approach 2016 affiliated with the American Society of Biomechanics, the European Society of Biomechanics, the International Society of Biomechanics, the Japanese Society for Clinical Biomechanics and Related Research and the Australian and New Zealand Society of Biomechanics Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV00201923X volume:48 year:2015 number:8 day:1 month:06 pages:1485-1489 extent:5 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2015.02.001 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U 70.00 Sozialwissenschaften allgemein: Allgemeines VZ 71.00 Soziologie: Allgemeines VZ AR 48 2015 8 1 0601 1485-1489 5 045F 570 |
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10.1016/j.jbiomech.2015.02.001 doi GBVA2015022000002.pica (DE-627)ELV013519891 (ELSEVIER)S0021-9290(15)00067-6 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 570 796 570 DE-600 796 DE-600 300 VZ 70.00 bkl 71.00 bkl Andrews, Stephen H.J. verfasserin aut Swelling significantly affects the material properties of the menisci in compression 2015transfer abstract 5 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier This study has evaluated the swelling of meniscal test samples associated with altered osmotic environments. Meniscal samples were cut and weighed, then placed in one of 3 solutions: deionized water, phosphate buffered saline (PBS) or 2× concentration PBS. The amount of swelling in meniscal samples was solution independent with average swelling greater than 20%. The effect of this swelling on the mechanical properties of the samples was evaluated under confined compression testing. Samples were measured using a photogrammetric technique at the time of sample preparation and again after 1h in PBS. Meniscal samples used for mechanical testing swelled on average 18% in thickness after 1h in isotonic PBS. Free-swollen tissue was 1/3 as stiff at equilibrium as those that were recompressed to their original thickness prior to testing. Secant moduli at peak stress were nine times greater in the recompressed samples than the free-swollen samples. Relaxation times were faster in swollen samples, indicating increased permeability compared to recompressed specimen. Swelling pressure in the tissue averaged 14.4kPa in isotonic PBS, identifying that the menisci are pre-stressed structures within the knee joint. Histological analysis identified that the quantity of swelling is related to both the osmotic pressure generated by proteoglycans and the local collagen architecture in the sample. This is the first study to quantify the amount and swelling in meniscal test samples. This swelling behavior significantly influences the properties of the tissue in compression and should be addressed in future mechanical testing and protocol development for the menisci. This study has evaluated the swelling of meniscal test samples associated with altered osmotic environments. Meniscal samples were cut and weighed, then placed in one of 3 solutions: deionized water, phosphate buffered saline (PBS) or 2× concentration PBS. The amount of swelling in meniscal samples was solution independent with average swelling greater than 20%. The effect of this swelling on the mechanical properties of the samples was evaluated under confined compression testing. Samples were measured using a photogrammetric technique at the time of sample preparation and again after 1h in PBS. Meniscal samples used for mechanical testing swelled on average 18% in thickness after 1h in isotonic PBS. Free-swollen tissue was 1/3 as stiff at equilibrium as those that were recompressed to their original thickness prior to testing. Secant moduli at peak stress were nine times greater in the recompressed samples than the free-swollen samples. Relaxation times were faster in swollen samples, indicating increased permeability compared to recompressed specimen. Swelling pressure in the tissue averaged 14.4kPa in isotonic PBS, identifying that the menisci are pre-stressed structures within the knee joint. Histological analysis identified that the quantity of swelling is related to both the osmotic pressure generated by proteoglycans and the local collagen architecture in the sample. This is the first study to quantify the amount and swelling in meniscal test samples. This swelling behavior significantly influences the properties of the tissue in compression and should be addressed in future mechanical testing and protocol development for the menisci. Knee Elsevier Compression Elsevier Meniscus Elsevier Swelling Elsevier Rattner, Jerome B. oth Shrive, Nigel G. oth Ronsky, Janet L. oth Enthalten in Elsevier Science Halpern-Manners, Andrew ELSEVIER Measuring students' school context exposures: A trajectory-based approach 2016 affiliated with the American Society of Biomechanics, the European Society of Biomechanics, the International Society of Biomechanics, the Japanese Society for Clinical Biomechanics and Related Research and the Australian and New Zealand Society of Biomechanics Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV00201923X volume:48 year:2015 number:8 day:1 month:06 pages:1485-1489 extent:5 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2015.02.001 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U 70.00 Sozialwissenschaften allgemein: Allgemeines VZ 71.00 Soziologie: Allgemeines VZ AR 48 2015 8 1 0601 1485-1489 5 045F 570 |
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10.1016/j.jbiomech.2015.02.001 doi GBVA2015022000002.pica (DE-627)ELV013519891 (ELSEVIER)S0021-9290(15)00067-6 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 570 796 570 DE-600 796 DE-600 300 VZ 70.00 bkl 71.00 bkl Andrews, Stephen H.J. verfasserin aut Swelling significantly affects the material properties of the menisci in compression 2015transfer abstract 5 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier This study has evaluated the swelling of meniscal test samples associated with altered osmotic environments. Meniscal samples were cut and weighed, then placed in one of 3 solutions: deionized water, phosphate buffered saline (PBS) or 2× concentration PBS. The amount of swelling in meniscal samples was solution independent with average swelling greater than 20%. The effect of this swelling on the mechanical properties of the samples was evaluated under confined compression testing. Samples were measured using a photogrammetric technique at the time of sample preparation and again after 1h in PBS. Meniscal samples used for mechanical testing swelled on average 18% in thickness after 1h in isotonic PBS. Free-swollen tissue was 1/3 as stiff at equilibrium as those that were recompressed to their original thickness prior to testing. Secant moduli at peak stress were nine times greater in the recompressed samples than the free-swollen samples. Relaxation times were faster in swollen samples, indicating increased permeability compared to recompressed specimen. Swelling pressure in the tissue averaged 14.4kPa in isotonic PBS, identifying that the menisci are pre-stressed structures within the knee joint. Histological analysis identified that the quantity of swelling is related to both the osmotic pressure generated by proteoglycans and the local collagen architecture in the sample. This is the first study to quantify the amount and swelling in meniscal test samples. This swelling behavior significantly influences the properties of the tissue in compression and should be addressed in future mechanical testing and protocol development for the menisci. This study has evaluated the swelling of meniscal test samples associated with altered osmotic environments. Meniscal samples were cut and weighed, then placed in one of 3 solutions: deionized water, phosphate buffered saline (PBS) or 2× concentration PBS. The amount of swelling in meniscal samples was solution independent with average swelling greater than 20%. The effect of this swelling on the mechanical properties of the samples was evaluated under confined compression testing. Samples were measured using a photogrammetric technique at the time of sample preparation and again after 1h in PBS. Meniscal samples used for mechanical testing swelled on average 18% in thickness after 1h in isotonic PBS. Free-swollen tissue was 1/3 as stiff at equilibrium as those that were recompressed to their original thickness prior to testing. Secant moduli at peak stress were nine times greater in the recompressed samples than the free-swollen samples. Relaxation times were faster in swollen samples, indicating increased permeability compared to recompressed specimen. Swelling pressure in the tissue averaged 14.4kPa in isotonic PBS, identifying that the menisci are pre-stressed structures within the knee joint. Histological analysis identified that the quantity of swelling is related to both the osmotic pressure generated by proteoglycans and the local collagen architecture in the sample. This is the first study to quantify the amount and swelling in meniscal test samples. This swelling behavior significantly influences the properties of the tissue in compression and should be addressed in future mechanical testing and protocol development for the menisci. Knee Elsevier Compression Elsevier Meniscus Elsevier Swelling Elsevier Rattner, Jerome B. oth Shrive, Nigel G. oth Ronsky, Janet L. oth Enthalten in Elsevier Science Halpern-Manners, Andrew ELSEVIER Measuring students' school context exposures: A trajectory-based approach 2016 affiliated with the American Society of Biomechanics, the European Society of Biomechanics, the International Society of Biomechanics, the Japanese Society for Clinical Biomechanics and Related Research and the Australian and New Zealand Society of Biomechanics Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV00201923X volume:48 year:2015 number:8 day:1 month:06 pages:1485-1489 extent:5 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiomech.2015.02.001 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U 70.00 Sozialwissenschaften allgemein: Allgemeines VZ 71.00 Soziologie: Allgemeines VZ AR 48 2015 8 1 0601 1485-1489 5 045F 570 |
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This study has evaluated the swelling of meniscal test samples associated with altered osmotic environments. Meniscal samples were cut and weighed, then placed in one of 3 solutions: deionized water, phosphate buffered saline (PBS) or 2× concentration PBS. The amount of swelling in meniscal samples was solution independent with average swelling greater than 20%. The effect of this swelling on the mechanical properties of the samples was evaluated under confined compression testing. Samples were measured using a photogrammetric technique at the time of sample preparation and again after 1h in PBS. Meniscal samples used for mechanical testing swelled on average 18% in thickness after 1h in isotonic PBS. Free-swollen tissue was 1/3 as stiff at equilibrium as those that were recompressed to their original thickness prior to testing. Secant moduli at peak stress were nine times greater in the recompressed samples than the free-swollen samples. Relaxation times were faster in swollen samples, indicating increased permeability compared to recompressed specimen. Swelling pressure in the tissue averaged 14.4kPa in isotonic PBS, identifying that the menisci are pre-stressed structures within the knee joint. Histological analysis identified that the quantity of swelling is related to both the osmotic pressure generated by proteoglycans and the local collagen architecture in the sample. This is the first study to quantify the amount and swelling in meniscal test samples. This swelling behavior significantly influences the properties of the tissue in compression and should be addressed in future mechanical testing and protocol development for the menisci. |
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This study has evaluated the swelling of meniscal test samples associated with altered osmotic environments. Meniscal samples were cut and weighed, then placed in one of 3 solutions: deionized water, phosphate buffered saline (PBS) or 2× concentration PBS. The amount of swelling in meniscal samples was solution independent with average swelling greater than 20%. The effect of this swelling on the mechanical properties of the samples was evaluated under confined compression testing. Samples were measured using a photogrammetric technique at the time of sample preparation and again after 1h in PBS. Meniscal samples used for mechanical testing swelled on average 18% in thickness after 1h in isotonic PBS. Free-swollen tissue was 1/3 as stiff at equilibrium as those that were recompressed to their original thickness prior to testing. Secant moduli at peak stress were nine times greater in the recompressed samples than the free-swollen samples. Relaxation times were faster in swollen samples, indicating increased permeability compared to recompressed specimen. Swelling pressure in the tissue averaged 14.4kPa in isotonic PBS, identifying that the menisci are pre-stressed structures within the knee joint. Histological analysis identified that the quantity of swelling is related to both the osmotic pressure generated by proteoglycans and the local collagen architecture in the sample. This is the first study to quantify the amount and swelling in meniscal test samples. This swelling behavior significantly influences the properties of the tissue in compression and should be addressed in future mechanical testing and protocol development for the menisci. |
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This study has evaluated the swelling of meniscal test samples associated with altered osmotic environments. Meniscal samples were cut and weighed, then placed in one of 3 solutions: deionized water, phosphate buffered saline (PBS) or 2× concentration PBS. The amount of swelling in meniscal samples was solution independent with average swelling greater than 20%. The effect of this swelling on the mechanical properties of the samples was evaluated under confined compression testing. Samples were measured using a photogrammetric technique at the time of sample preparation and again after 1h in PBS. Meniscal samples used for mechanical testing swelled on average 18% in thickness after 1h in isotonic PBS. Free-swollen tissue was 1/3 as stiff at equilibrium as those that were recompressed to their original thickness prior to testing. Secant moduli at peak stress were nine times greater in the recompressed samples than the free-swollen samples. Relaxation times were faster in swollen samples, indicating increased permeability compared to recompressed specimen. Swelling pressure in the tissue averaged 14.4kPa in isotonic PBS, identifying that the menisci are pre-stressed structures within the knee joint. Histological analysis identified that the quantity of swelling is related to both the osmotic pressure generated by proteoglycans and the local collagen architecture in the sample. This is the first study to quantify the amount and swelling in meniscal test samples. This swelling behavior significantly influences the properties of the tissue in compression and should be addressed in future mechanical testing and protocol development for the menisci. |
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