Effects of substrate differences on water availability for Arctic lichens during the snow-free summers in the High Arctic glacier foreland
We used observational and experimental analyses to investigate the photosynthetic activity and water relationships of five lichen species attached to different substrates in a glacier foreland in the High Arctic, Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard (79°N) during the snow-free season in 2009 and 2010. After the rai...
Ausführliche Beschreibung
Gespeichert in:
| Autor*in: |
Inoue, Takeshi [verfasserIn] |
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| Format: |
E-Artikel |
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| Sprache: |
Englisch |
| Erschienen: |
2014transfer abstract |
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| Schlagwörter: |
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| Umfang: |
16 |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
Enthalten in: 9064 POSTER Timeliness of Referral of Patients With Abnormal Chest X-Ray Suggestive of Lung Cancer - 2011, Tokyo |
|---|---|
| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:8 ; year:2014 ; number:4 ; pages:397-412 ; extent:16 |
| Links: |
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| DOI / URN: |
10.1016/j.polar.2014.09.003 |
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ELV02267800X |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Effects of substrate differences on water availability for Arctic lichens during the snow-free summers in the High Arctic glacier foreland |
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| 520 | |a We used observational and experimental analyses to investigate the photosynthetic activity and water relationships of five lichen species attached to different substrates in a glacier foreland in the High Arctic, Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard (79°N) during the snow-free season in 2009 and 2010. After the rains ceased, lichens and their attached substrates quickly dried, whereas photosynthetic activity in the lichens decreased gradually. The in situ photosynthetic activity was estimated based on the relative electron transportation rate (rETR) in four fruticose lichens: Cetrariella delisei, Flavocetraria nivalis, Cladonia arbuscula ssp. mitis, and Cladonia pleurota. The rETR approached zero around noon, although the crustose lichen Ochrolechia frigida grown on biological soil crust (BSC) could acquire water from the BSC and retain its WC to perform positive photosynthesis. The light-rETR relationship curves of the five well-watered lichens were characterized into two types: shade-adapted with photoinhibition for the fruticose lichens, and light-adapted with no photoinhibition for O. frigida. The maximum rETR was expected to occur when they could acquire water from the surrounding air or from substrates during the desiccation period. Our results suggest that different species of Arctic lichens have different water availabilities due to their substrates and/or morphological characteristics, which affect their photosynthetic active periods during the summer. | ||
| 520 | |a We used observational and experimental analyses to investigate the photosynthetic activity and water relationships of five lichen species attached to different substrates in a glacier foreland in the High Arctic, Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard (79°N) during the snow-free season in 2009 and 2010. After the rains ceased, lichens and their attached substrates quickly dried, whereas photosynthetic activity in the lichens decreased gradually. The in situ photosynthetic activity was estimated based on the relative electron transportation rate (rETR) in four fruticose lichens: Cetrariella delisei, Flavocetraria nivalis, Cladonia arbuscula ssp. mitis, and Cladonia pleurota. The rETR approached zero around noon, although the crustose lichen Ochrolechia frigida grown on biological soil crust (BSC) could acquire water from the BSC and retain its WC to perform positive photosynthesis. The light-rETR relationship curves of the five well-watered lichens were characterized into two types: shade-adapted with photoinhibition for the fruticose lichens, and light-adapted with no photoinhibition for O. frigida. The maximum rETR was expected to occur when they could acquire water from the surrounding air or from substrates during the desiccation period. Our results suggest that different species of Arctic lichens have different water availabilities due to their substrates and/or morphological characteristics, which affect their photosynthetic active periods during the summer. | ||
| 650 | 7 | |a Substrate |2 Elsevier | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Photosynthetic activity |2 Elsevier | |
| 650 | 7 | |a High Arctic |2 Elsevier | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Water availability |2 Elsevier | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Lichen |2 Elsevier | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Kudoh, Sakae |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Uchida, Masaki |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Tanabe, Yukiko |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Inoue, Masakane |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Kanda, Hiroshi |4 oth | |
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10.1016/j.polar.2014.09.003 doi GBVA2014010000008.pica (DE-627)ELV02267800X (ELSEVIER)S1873-9652(14)00067-X DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 500 500 DE-600 610 VZ 610 VZ 44.52 bkl Inoue, Takeshi verfasserin aut Effects of substrate differences on water availability for Arctic lichens during the snow-free summers in the High Arctic glacier foreland 2014transfer abstract 16 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier We used observational and experimental analyses to investigate the photosynthetic activity and water relationships of five lichen species attached to different substrates in a glacier foreland in the High Arctic, Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard (79°N) during the snow-free season in 2009 and 2010. After the rains ceased, lichens and their attached substrates quickly dried, whereas photosynthetic activity in the lichens decreased gradually. The in situ photosynthetic activity was estimated based on the relative electron transportation rate (rETR) in four fruticose lichens: Cetrariella delisei, Flavocetraria nivalis, Cladonia arbuscula ssp. mitis, and Cladonia pleurota. The rETR approached zero around noon, although the crustose lichen Ochrolechia frigida grown on biological soil crust (BSC) could acquire water from the BSC and retain its WC to perform positive photosynthesis. The light-rETR relationship curves of the five well-watered lichens were characterized into two types: shade-adapted with photoinhibition for the fruticose lichens, and light-adapted with no photoinhibition for O. frigida. The maximum rETR was expected to occur when they could acquire water from the surrounding air or from substrates during the desiccation period. Our results suggest that different species of Arctic lichens have different water availabilities due to their substrates and/or morphological characteristics, which affect their photosynthetic active periods during the summer. We used observational and experimental analyses to investigate the photosynthetic activity and water relationships of five lichen species attached to different substrates in a glacier foreland in the High Arctic, Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard (79°N) during the snow-free season in 2009 and 2010. After the rains ceased, lichens and their attached substrates quickly dried, whereas photosynthetic activity in the lichens decreased gradually. The in situ photosynthetic activity was estimated based on the relative electron transportation rate (rETR) in four fruticose lichens: Cetrariella delisei, Flavocetraria nivalis, Cladonia arbuscula ssp. mitis, and Cladonia pleurota. The rETR approached zero around noon, although the crustose lichen Ochrolechia frigida grown on biological soil crust (BSC) could acquire water from the BSC and retain its WC to perform positive photosynthesis. The light-rETR relationship curves of the five well-watered lichens were characterized into two types: shade-adapted with photoinhibition for the fruticose lichens, and light-adapted with no photoinhibition for O. frigida. The maximum rETR was expected to occur when they could acquire water from the surrounding air or from substrates during the desiccation period. Our results suggest that different species of Arctic lichens have different water availabilities due to their substrates and/or morphological characteristics, which affect their photosynthetic active periods during the summer. Substrate Elsevier Photosynthetic activity Elsevier High Arctic Elsevier Water availability Elsevier Lichen Elsevier Kudoh, Sakae oth Uchida, Masaki oth Tanabe, Yukiko oth Inoue, Masakane oth Kanda, Hiroshi oth Enthalten in Inst 9064 POSTER Timeliness of Referral of Patients With Abnormal Chest X-Ray Suggestive of Lung Cancer 2011 Tokyo (DE-627)ELV010865233 volume:8 year:2014 number:4 pages:397-412 extent:16 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polar.2014.09.003 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U GBV_ILN_227 44.52 Therapie Medizin VZ AR 8 2014 4 397-412 16 045F 500 |
| spelling |
10.1016/j.polar.2014.09.003 doi GBVA2014010000008.pica (DE-627)ELV02267800X (ELSEVIER)S1873-9652(14)00067-X DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 500 500 DE-600 610 VZ 610 VZ 44.52 bkl Inoue, Takeshi verfasserin aut Effects of substrate differences on water availability for Arctic lichens during the snow-free summers in the High Arctic glacier foreland 2014transfer abstract 16 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier We used observational and experimental analyses to investigate the photosynthetic activity and water relationships of five lichen species attached to different substrates in a glacier foreland in the High Arctic, Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard (79°N) during the snow-free season in 2009 and 2010. After the rains ceased, lichens and their attached substrates quickly dried, whereas photosynthetic activity in the lichens decreased gradually. The in situ photosynthetic activity was estimated based on the relative electron transportation rate (rETR) in four fruticose lichens: Cetrariella delisei, Flavocetraria nivalis, Cladonia arbuscula ssp. mitis, and Cladonia pleurota. The rETR approached zero around noon, although the crustose lichen Ochrolechia frigida grown on biological soil crust (BSC) could acquire water from the BSC and retain its WC to perform positive photosynthesis. The light-rETR relationship curves of the five well-watered lichens were characterized into two types: shade-adapted with photoinhibition for the fruticose lichens, and light-adapted with no photoinhibition for O. frigida. The maximum rETR was expected to occur when they could acquire water from the surrounding air or from substrates during the desiccation period. Our results suggest that different species of Arctic lichens have different water availabilities due to their substrates and/or morphological characteristics, which affect their photosynthetic active periods during the summer. We used observational and experimental analyses to investigate the photosynthetic activity and water relationships of five lichen species attached to different substrates in a glacier foreland in the High Arctic, Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard (79°N) during the snow-free season in 2009 and 2010. After the rains ceased, lichens and their attached substrates quickly dried, whereas photosynthetic activity in the lichens decreased gradually. The in situ photosynthetic activity was estimated based on the relative electron transportation rate (rETR) in four fruticose lichens: Cetrariella delisei, Flavocetraria nivalis, Cladonia arbuscula ssp. mitis, and Cladonia pleurota. The rETR approached zero around noon, although the crustose lichen Ochrolechia frigida grown on biological soil crust (BSC) could acquire water from the BSC and retain its WC to perform positive photosynthesis. The light-rETR relationship curves of the five well-watered lichens were characterized into two types: shade-adapted with photoinhibition for the fruticose lichens, and light-adapted with no photoinhibition for O. frigida. The maximum rETR was expected to occur when they could acquire water from the surrounding air or from substrates during the desiccation period. Our results suggest that different species of Arctic lichens have different water availabilities due to their substrates and/or morphological characteristics, which affect their photosynthetic active periods during the summer. Substrate Elsevier Photosynthetic activity Elsevier High Arctic Elsevier Water availability Elsevier Lichen Elsevier Kudoh, Sakae oth Uchida, Masaki oth Tanabe, Yukiko oth Inoue, Masakane oth Kanda, Hiroshi oth Enthalten in Inst 9064 POSTER Timeliness of Referral of Patients With Abnormal Chest X-Ray Suggestive of Lung Cancer 2011 Tokyo (DE-627)ELV010865233 volume:8 year:2014 number:4 pages:397-412 extent:16 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polar.2014.09.003 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U GBV_ILN_227 44.52 Therapie Medizin VZ AR 8 2014 4 397-412 16 045F 500 |
| allfields_unstemmed |
10.1016/j.polar.2014.09.003 doi GBVA2014010000008.pica (DE-627)ELV02267800X (ELSEVIER)S1873-9652(14)00067-X DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 500 500 DE-600 610 VZ 610 VZ 44.52 bkl Inoue, Takeshi verfasserin aut Effects of substrate differences on water availability for Arctic lichens during the snow-free summers in the High Arctic glacier foreland 2014transfer abstract 16 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier We used observational and experimental analyses to investigate the photosynthetic activity and water relationships of five lichen species attached to different substrates in a glacier foreland in the High Arctic, Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard (79°N) during the snow-free season in 2009 and 2010. After the rains ceased, lichens and their attached substrates quickly dried, whereas photosynthetic activity in the lichens decreased gradually. The in situ photosynthetic activity was estimated based on the relative electron transportation rate (rETR) in four fruticose lichens: Cetrariella delisei, Flavocetraria nivalis, Cladonia arbuscula ssp. mitis, and Cladonia pleurota. The rETR approached zero around noon, although the crustose lichen Ochrolechia frigida grown on biological soil crust (BSC) could acquire water from the BSC and retain its WC to perform positive photosynthesis. The light-rETR relationship curves of the five well-watered lichens were characterized into two types: shade-adapted with photoinhibition for the fruticose lichens, and light-adapted with no photoinhibition for O. frigida. The maximum rETR was expected to occur when they could acquire water from the surrounding air or from substrates during the desiccation period. Our results suggest that different species of Arctic lichens have different water availabilities due to their substrates and/or morphological characteristics, which affect their photosynthetic active periods during the summer. We used observational and experimental analyses to investigate the photosynthetic activity and water relationships of five lichen species attached to different substrates in a glacier foreland in the High Arctic, Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard (79°N) during the snow-free season in 2009 and 2010. After the rains ceased, lichens and their attached substrates quickly dried, whereas photosynthetic activity in the lichens decreased gradually. The in situ photosynthetic activity was estimated based on the relative electron transportation rate (rETR) in four fruticose lichens: Cetrariella delisei, Flavocetraria nivalis, Cladonia arbuscula ssp. mitis, and Cladonia pleurota. The rETR approached zero around noon, although the crustose lichen Ochrolechia frigida grown on biological soil crust (BSC) could acquire water from the BSC and retain its WC to perform positive photosynthesis. The light-rETR relationship curves of the five well-watered lichens were characterized into two types: shade-adapted with photoinhibition for the fruticose lichens, and light-adapted with no photoinhibition for O. frigida. The maximum rETR was expected to occur when they could acquire water from the surrounding air or from substrates during the desiccation period. Our results suggest that different species of Arctic lichens have different water availabilities due to their substrates and/or morphological characteristics, which affect their photosynthetic active periods during the summer. Substrate Elsevier Photosynthetic activity Elsevier High Arctic Elsevier Water availability Elsevier Lichen Elsevier Kudoh, Sakae oth Uchida, Masaki oth Tanabe, Yukiko oth Inoue, Masakane oth Kanda, Hiroshi oth Enthalten in Inst 9064 POSTER Timeliness of Referral of Patients With Abnormal Chest X-Ray Suggestive of Lung Cancer 2011 Tokyo (DE-627)ELV010865233 volume:8 year:2014 number:4 pages:397-412 extent:16 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polar.2014.09.003 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U GBV_ILN_227 44.52 Therapie Medizin VZ AR 8 2014 4 397-412 16 045F 500 |
| allfieldsGer |
10.1016/j.polar.2014.09.003 doi GBVA2014010000008.pica (DE-627)ELV02267800X (ELSEVIER)S1873-9652(14)00067-X DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 500 500 DE-600 610 VZ 610 VZ 44.52 bkl Inoue, Takeshi verfasserin aut Effects of substrate differences on water availability for Arctic lichens during the snow-free summers in the High Arctic glacier foreland 2014transfer abstract 16 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier We used observational and experimental analyses to investigate the photosynthetic activity and water relationships of five lichen species attached to different substrates in a glacier foreland in the High Arctic, Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard (79°N) during the snow-free season in 2009 and 2010. After the rains ceased, lichens and their attached substrates quickly dried, whereas photosynthetic activity in the lichens decreased gradually. The in situ photosynthetic activity was estimated based on the relative electron transportation rate (rETR) in four fruticose lichens: Cetrariella delisei, Flavocetraria nivalis, Cladonia arbuscula ssp. mitis, and Cladonia pleurota. The rETR approached zero around noon, although the crustose lichen Ochrolechia frigida grown on biological soil crust (BSC) could acquire water from the BSC and retain its WC to perform positive photosynthesis. The light-rETR relationship curves of the five well-watered lichens were characterized into two types: shade-adapted with photoinhibition for the fruticose lichens, and light-adapted with no photoinhibition for O. frigida. The maximum rETR was expected to occur when they could acquire water from the surrounding air or from substrates during the desiccation period. Our results suggest that different species of Arctic lichens have different water availabilities due to their substrates and/or morphological characteristics, which affect their photosynthetic active periods during the summer. We used observational and experimental analyses to investigate the photosynthetic activity and water relationships of five lichen species attached to different substrates in a glacier foreland in the High Arctic, Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard (79°N) during the snow-free season in 2009 and 2010. After the rains ceased, lichens and their attached substrates quickly dried, whereas photosynthetic activity in the lichens decreased gradually. The in situ photosynthetic activity was estimated based on the relative electron transportation rate (rETR) in four fruticose lichens: Cetrariella delisei, Flavocetraria nivalis, Cladonia arbuscula ssp. mitis, and Cladonia pleurota. The rETR approached zero around noon, although the crustose lichen Ochrolechia frigida grown on biological soil crust (BSC) could acquire water from the BSC and retain its WC to perform positive photosynthesis. The light-rETR relationship curves of the five well-watered lichens were characterized into two types: shade-adapted with photoinhibition for the fruticose lichens, and light-adapted with no photoinhibition for O. frigida. The maximum rETR was expected to occur when they could acquire water from the surrounding air or from substrates during the desiccation period. Our results suggest that different species of Arctic lichens have different water availabilities due to their substrates and/or morphological characteristics, which affect their photosynthetic active periods during the summer. Substrate Elsevier Photosynthetic activity Elsevier High Arctic Elsevier Water availability Elsevier Lichen Elsevier Kudoh, Sakae oth Uchida, Masaki oth Tanabe, Yukiko oth Inoue, Masakane oth Kanda, Hiroshi oth Enthalten in Inst 9064 POSTER Timeliness of Referral of Patients With Abnormal Chest X-Ray Suggestive of Lung Cancer 2011 Tokyo (DE-627)ELV010865233 volume:8 year:2014 number:4 pages:397-412 extent:16 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polar.2014.09.003 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U GBV_ILN_227 44.52 Therapie Medizin VZ AR 8 2014 4 397-412 16 045F 500 |
| allfieldsSound |
10.1016/j.polar.2014.09.003 doi GBVA2014010000008.pica (DE-627)ELV02267800X (ELSEVIER)S1873-9652(14)00067-X DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 500 500 DE-600 610 VZ 610 VZ 44.52 bkl Inoue, Takeshi verfasserin aut Effects of substrate differences on water availability for Arctic lichens during the snow-free summers in the High Arctic glacier foreland 2014transfer abstract 16 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier We used observational and experimental analyses to investigate the photosynthetic activity and water relationships of five lichen species attached to different substrates in a glacier foreland in the High Arctic, Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard (79°N) during the snow-free season in 2009 and 2010. After the rains ceased, lichens and their attached substrates quickly dried, whereas photosynthetic activity in the lichens decreased gradually. The in situ photosynthetic activity was estimated based on the relative electron transportation rate (rETR) in four fruticose lichens: Cetrariella delisei, Flavocetraria nivalis, Cladonia arbuscula ssp. mitis, and Cladonia pleurota. The rETR approached zero around noon, although the crustose lichen Ochrolechia frigida grown on biological soil crust (BSC) could acquire water from the BSC and retain its WC to perform positive photosynthesis. The light-rETR relationship curves of the five well-watered lichens were characterized into two types: shade-adapted with photoinhibition for the fruticose lichens, and light-adapted with no photoinhibition for O. frigida. The maximum rETR was expected to occur when they could acquire water from the surrounding air or from substrates during the desiccation period. Our results suggest that different species of Arctic lichens have different water availabilities due to their substrates and/or morphological characteristics, which affect their photosynthetic active periods during the summer. We used observational and experimental analyses to investigate the photosynthetic activity and water relationships of five lichen species attached to different substrates in a glacier foreland in the High Arctic, Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard (79°N) during the snow-free season in 2009 and 2010. After the rains ceased, lichens and their attached substrates quickly dried, whereas photosynthetic activity in the lichens decreased gradually. The in situ photosynthetic activity was estimated based on the relative electron transportation rate (rETR) in four fruticose lichens: Cetrariella delisei, Flavocetraria nivalis, Cladonia arbuscula ssp. mitis, and Cladonia pleurota. The rETR approached zero around noon, although the crustose lichen Ochrolechia frigida grown on biological soil crust (BSC) could acquire water from the BSC and retain its WC to perform positive photosynthesis. The light-rETR relationship curves of the five well-watered lichens were characterized into two types: shade-adapted with photoinhibition for the fruticose lichens, and light-adapted with no photoinhibition for O. frigida. The maximum rETR was expected to occur when they could acquire water from the surrounding air or from substrates during the desiccation period. Our results suggest that different species of Arctic lichens have different water availabilities due to their substrates and/or morphological characteristics, which affect their photosynthetic active periods during the summer. Substrate Elsevier Photosynthetic activity Elsevier High Arctic Elsevier Water availability Elsevier Lichen Elsevier Kudoh, Sakae oth Uchida, Masaki oth Tanabe, Yukiko oth Inoue, Masakane oth Kanda, Hiroshi oth Enthalten in Inst 9064 POSTER Timeliness of Referral of Patients With Abnormal Chest X-Ray Suggestive of Lung Cancer 2011 Tokyo (DE-627)ELV010865233 volume:8 year:2014 number:4 pages:397-412 extent:16 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polar.2014.09.003 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U GBV_ILN_227 44.52 Therapie Medizin VZ AR 8 2014 4 397-412 16 045F 500 |
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effects of substrate differences on water availability for arctic lichens during the snow-free summers in the high arctic glacier foreland |
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Effects of substrate differences on water availability for Arctic lichens during the snow-free summers in the High Arctic glacier foreland |
| abstract |
We used observational and experimental analyses to investigate the photosynthetic activity and water relationships of five lichen species attached to different substrates in a glacier foreland in the High Arctic, Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard (79°N) during the snow-free season in 2009 and 2010. After the rains ceased, lichens and their attached substrates quickly dried, whereas photosynthetic activity in the lichens decreased gradually. The in situ photosynthetic activity was estimated based on the relative electron transportation rate (rETR) in four fruticose lichens: Cetrariella delisei, Flavocetraria nivalis, Cladonia arbuscula ssp. mitis, and Cladonia pleurota. The rETR approached zero around noon, although the crustose lichen Ochrolechia frigida grown on biological soil crust (BSC) could acquire water from the BSC and retain its WC to perform positive photosynthesis. The light-rETR relationship curves of the five well-watered lichens were characterized into two types: shade-adapted with photoinhibition for the fruticose lichens, and light-adapted with no photoinhibition for O. frigida. The maximum rETR was expected to occur when they could acquire water from the surrounding air or from substrates during the desiccation period. Our results suggest that different species of Arctic lichens have different water availabilities due to their substrates and/or morphological characteristics, which affect their photosynthetic active periods during the summer. |
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We used observational and experimental analyses to investigate the photosynthetic activity and water relationships of five lichen species attached to different substrates in a glacier foreland in the High Arctic, Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard (79°N) during the snow-free season in 2009 and 2010. After the rains ceased, lichens and their attached substrates quickly dried, whereas photosynthetic activity in the lichens decreased gradually. The in situ photosynthetic activity was estimated based on the relative electron transportation rate (rETR) in four fruticose lichens: Cetrariella delisei, Flavocetraria nivalis, Cladonia arbuscula ssp. mitis, and Cladonia pleurota. The rETR approached zero around noon, although the crustose lichen Ochrolechia frigida grown on biological soil crust (BSC) could acquire water from the BSC and retain its WC to perform positive photosynthesis. The light-rETR relationship curves of the five well-watered lichens were characterized into two types: shade-adapted with photoinhibition for the fruticose lichens, and light-adapted with no photoinhibition for O. frigida. The maximum rETR was expected to occur when they could acquire water from the surrounding air or from substrates during the desiccation period. Our results suggest that different species of Arctic lichens have different water availabilities due to their substrates and/or morphological characteristics, which affect their photosynthetic active periods during the summer. |
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We used observational and experimental analyses to investigate the photosynthetic activity and water relationships of five lichen species attached to different substrates in a glacier foreland in the High Arctic, Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard (79°N) during the snow-free season in 2009 and 2010. After the rains ceased, lichens and their attached substrates quickly dried, whereas photosynthetic activity in the lichens decreased gradually. The in situ photosynthetic activity was estimated based on the relative electron transportation rate (rETR) in four fruticose lichens: Cetrariella delisei, Flavocetraria nivalis, Cladonia arbuscula ssp. mitis, and Cladonia pleurota. The rETR approached zero around noon, although the crustose lichen Ochrolechia frigida grown on biological soil crust (BSC) could acquire water from the BSC and retain its WC to perform positive photosynthesis. The light-rETR relationship curves of the five well-watered lichens were characterized into two types: shade-adapted with photoinhibition for the fruticose lichens, and light-adapted with no photoinhibition for O. frigida. The maximum rETR was expected to occur when they could acquire water from the surrounding air or from substrates during the desiccation period. Our results suggest that different species of Arctic lichens have different water availabilities due to their substrates and/or morphological characteristics, which affect their photosynthetic active periods during the summer. |
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