Measurement of the wax appearance temperature of waxy oil under the reservoir condition with ultrasonic method
To solve the problem that wax appearance temperature (WAT) acquired by conventional method is not suitable and effective to the subsurface live crude oil and dark oil, a way to measure the WAT of crude oil varying in properties is explored using the characteristics of ultrasonic transmission through...
Ausführliche Beschreibung
Gespeichert in:
| Autor*in: |
JIANG, Bin [verfasserIn] |
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| Format: |
E-Artikel |
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| Sprache: |
Englisch |
| Erschienen: |
2014transfer abstract |
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| Schlagwörter: |
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| Umfang: |
4 |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
Enthalten in: 178 Final office evaluation findings in E-SISTER participants at one center: A glimpse into the long-term results of stress incontinence surgery - 2012, Amsterdam [u.a.] |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:41 ; year:2014 ; number:4 ; pages:509-512 ; extent:4 |
| Links: |
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| DOI / URN: |
10.1016/S1876-3804(14)60059-8 |
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| Katalog-ID: |
ELV028108787 |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Measurement of the wax appearance temperature of waxy oil under the reservoir condition with ultrasonic method |
| 264 | 1 | |c 2014transfer abstract | |
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| 520 | |a To solve the problem that wax appearance temperature (WAT) acquired by conventional method is not suitable and effective to the subsurface live crude oil and dark oil, a way to measure the WAT of crude oil varying in properties is explored using the characteristics of ultrasonic transmission through media. In WAT measurement with ultrasonic, as the temperature of crude dropped, solid wax crystallized from the crude, the decline effect of crude oil to ultrasonic would be strengthened during the measurement by ultrasonic. The head wave frequency changed during the process; the frequency turning point was the wax precipitation point that could be obtained through segmental fitting of temperature and main frequency. This method was adopted to attain the WAT of the live oil at the reservoir condition and stock tank oil with high pour point and the results indicate that this method is reliable and not restricted by the color of oil. With the decrease of pressure, the WATs of live oil and dead oil both reduce, the WAT of live oil is 8 °C lower than that of dead oil under the same pressure. The WAT of live oil at the reservoir pressure measured by ultrasonic is about 3.7 °C lower than that of the stock tank oil measured by conventional method. | ||
| 520 | |a To solve the problem that wax appearance temperature (WAT) acquired by conventional method is not suitable and effective to the subsurface live crude oil and dark oil, a way to measure the WAT of crude oil varying in properties is explored using the characteristics of ultrasonic transmission through media. In WAT measurement with ultrasonic, as the temperature of crude dropped, solid wax crystallized from the crude, the decline effect of crude oil to ultrasonic would be strengthened during the measurement by ultrasonic. The head wave frequency changed during the process; the frequency turning point was the wax precipitation point that could be obtained through segmental fitting of temperature and main frequency. This method was adopted to attain the WAT of the live oil at the reservoir condition and stock tank oil with high pour point and the results indicate that this method is reliable and not restricted by the color of oil. With the decrease of pressure, the WATs of live oil and dead oil both reduce, the WAT of live oil is 8 °C lower than that of dead oil under the same pressure. The WAT of live oil at the reservoir pressure measured by ultrasonic is about 3.7 °C lower than that of the stock tank oil measured by conventional method. | ||
| 650 | 7 | |a wax appearance temperature |2 Elsevier | |
| 650 | 7 | |a dead oil |2 Elsevier | |
| 650 | 7 | |a live oil |2 Elsevier | |
| 650 | 7 | |a reservoir pressure |2 Elsevier | |
| 650 | 7 | |a ultrasonic |2 Elsevier | |
| 700 | 1 | |a QIU, Ling |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a LI, Xue |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a YANG, Shenglai |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a LI, Ke |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a CHEN, Han |4 oth | |
| 773 | 0 | 8 | |i Enthalten in |n Elsevier |t 178 Final office evaluation findings in E-SISTER participants at one center: A glimpse into the long-term results of stress incontinence surgery |d 2012 |g Amsterdam [u.a.] |w (DE-627)ELV016100263 |
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10.1016/S1876-3804(14)60059-8 doi GBVA2014011000003.pica (DE-627)ELV028108787 (ELSEVIER)S1876-3804(14)60059-8 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 620 660 620 DE-600 660 DE-600 610 VZ 670 VZ 35.80 bkl JIANG, Bin verfasserin aut Measurement of the wax appearance temperature of waxy oil under the reservoir condition with ultrasonic method 2014transfer abstract 4 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier To solve the problem that wax appearance temperature (WAT) acquired by conventional method is not suitable and effective to the subsurface live crude oil and dark oil, a way to measure the WAT of crude oil varying in properties is explored using the characteristics of ultrasonic transmission through media. In WAT measurement with ultrasonic, as the temperature of crude dropped, solid wax crystallized from the crude, the decline effect of crude oil to ultrasonic would be strengthened during the measurement by ultrasonic. The head wave frequency changed during the process; the frequency turning point was the wax precipitation point that could be obtained through segmental fitting of temperature and main frequency. This method was adopted to attain the WAT of the live oil at the reservoir condition and stock tank oil with high pour point and the results indicate that this method is reliable and not restricted by the color of oil. With the decrease of pressure, the WATs of live oil and dead oil both reduce, the WAT of live oil is 8 °C lower than that of dead oil under the same pressure. The WAT of live oil at the reservoir pressure measured by ultrasonic is about 3.7 °C lower than that of the stock tank oil measured by conventional method. To solve the problem that wax appearance temperature (WAT) acquired by conventional method is not suitable and effective to the subsurface live crude oil and dark oil, a way to measure the WAT of crude oil varying in properties is explored using the characteristics of ultrasonic transmission through media. In WAT measurement with ultrasonic, as the temperature of crude dropped, solid wax crystallized from the crude, the decline effect of crude oil to ultrasonic would be strengthened during the measurement by ultrasonic. The head wave frequency changed during the process; the frequency turning point was the wax precipitation point that could be obtained through segmental fitting of temperature and main frequency. This method was adopted to attain the WAT of the live oil at the reservoir condition and stock tank oil with high pour point and the results indicate that this method is reliable and not restricted by the color of oil. With the decrease of pressure, the WATs of live oil and dead oil both reduce, the WAT of live oil is 8 °C lower than that of dead oil under the same pressure. The WAT of live oil at the reservoir pressure measured by ultrasonic is about 3.7 °C lower than that of the stock tank oil measured by conventional method. wax appearance temperature Elsevier dead oil Elsevier live oil Elsevier reservoir pressure Elsevier ultrasonic Elsevier QIU, Ling oth LI, Xue oth YANG, Shenglai oth LI, Ke oth CHEN, Han oth Enthalten in Elsevier 178 Final office evaluation findings in E-SISTER participants at one center: A glimpse into the long-term results of stress incontinence surgery 2012 Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV016100263 volume:41 year:2014 number:4 pages:509-512 extent:4 https://doi.org/10.1016/S1876-3804(14)60059-8 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U GBV_ILN_20 35.80 Makromolekulare Chemie VZ AR 41 2014 4 509-512 4 045F 620 |
| spelling |
10.1016/S1876-3804(14)60059-8 doi GBVA2014011000003.pica (DE-627)ELV028108787 (ELSEVIER)S1876-3804(14)60059-8 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 620 660 620 DE-600 660 DE-600 610 VZ 670 VZ 35.80 bkl JIANG, Bin verfasserin aut Measurement of the wax appearance temperature of waxy oil under the reservoir condition with ultrasonic method 2014transfer abstract 4 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier To solve the problem that wax appearance temperature (WAT) acquired by conventional method is not suitable and effective to the subsurface live crude oil and dark oil, a way to measure the WAT of crude oil varying in properties is explored using the characteristics of ultrasonic transmission through media. In WAT measurement with ultrasonic, as the temperature of crude dropped, solid wax crystallized from the crude, the decline effect of crude oil to ultrasonic would be strengthened during the measurement by ultrasonic. The head wave frequency changed during the process; the frequency turning point was the wax precipitation point that could be obtained through segmental fitting of temperature and main frequency. This method was adopted to attain the WAT of the live oil at the reservoir condition and stock tank oil with high pour point and the results indicate that this method is reliable and not restricted by the color of oil. With the decrease of pressure, the WATs of live oil and dead oil both reduce, the WAT of live oil is 8 °C lower than that of dead oil under the same pressure. The WAT of live oil at the reservoir pressure measured by ultrasonic is about 3.7 °C lower than that of the stock tank oil measured by conventional method. To solve the problem that wax appearance temperature (WAT) acquired by conventional method is not suitable and effective to the subsurface live crude oil and dark oil, a way to measure the WAT of crude oil varying in properties is explored using the characteristics of ultrasonic transmission through media. In WAT measurement with ultrasonic, as the temperature of crude dropped, solid wax crystallized from the crude, the decline effect of crude oil to ultrasonic would be strengthened during the measurement by ultrasonic. The head wave frequency changed during the process; the frequency turning point was the wax precipitation point that could be obtained through segmental fitting of temperature and main frequency. This method was adopted to attain the WAT of the live oil at the reservoir condition and stock tank oil with high pour point and the results indicate that this method is reliable and not restricted by the color of oil. With the decrease of pressure, the WATs of live oil and dead oil both reduce, the WAT of live oil is 8 °C lower than that of dead oil under the same pressure. The WAT of live oil at the reservoir pressure measured by ultrasonic is about 3.7 °C lower than that of the stock tank oil measured by conventional method. wax appearance temperature Elsevier dead oil Elsevier live oil Elsevier reservoir pressure Elsevier ultrasonic Elsevier QIU, Ling oth LI, Xue oth YANG, Shenglai oth LI, Ke oth CHEN, Han oth Enthalten in Elsevier 178 Final office evaluation findings in E-SISTER participants at one center: A glimpse into the long-term results of stress incontinence surgery 2012 Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV016100263 volume:41 year:2014 number:4 pages:509-512 extent:4 https://doi.org/10.1016/S1876-3804(14)60059-8 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U GBV_ILN_20 35.80 Makromolekulare Chemie VZ AR 41 2014 4 509-512 4 045F 620 |
| allfields_unstemmed |
10.1016/S1876-3804(14)60059-8 doi GBVA2014011000003.pica (DE-627)ELV028108787 (ELSEVIER)S1876-3804(14)60059-8 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 620 660 620 DE-600 660 DE-600 610 VZ 670 VZ 35.80 bkl JIANG, Bin verfasserin aut Measurement of the wax appearance temperature of waxy oil under the reservoir condition with ultrasonic method 2014transfer abstract 4 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier To solve the problem that wax appearance temperature (WAT) acquired by conventional method is not suitable and effective to the subsurface live crude oil and dark oil, a way to measure the WAT of crude oil varying in properties is explored using the characteristics of ultrasonic transmission through media. In WAT measurement with ultrasonic, as the temperature of crude dropped, solid wax crystallized from the crude, the decline effect of crude oil to ultrasonic would be strengthened during the measurement by ultrasonic. The head wave frequency changed during the process; the frequency turning point was the wax precipitation point that could be obtained through segmental fitting of temperature and main frequency. This method was adopted to attain the WAT of the live oil at the reservoir condition and stock tank oil with high pour point and the results indicate that this method is reliable and not restricted by the color of oil. With the decrease of pressure, the WATs of live oil and dead oil both reduce, the WAT of live oil is 8 °C lower than that of dead oil under the same pressure. The WAT of live oil at the reservoir pressure measured by ultrasonic is about 3.7 °C lower than that of the stock tank oil measured by conventional method. To solve the problem that wax appearance temperature (WAT) acquired by conventional method is not suitable and effective to the subsurface live crude oil and dark oil, a way to measure the WAT of crude oil varying in properties is explored using the characteristics of ultrasonic transmission through media. In WAT measurement with ultrasonic, as the temperature of crude dropped, solid wax crystallized from the crude, the decline effect of crude oil to ultrasonic would be strengthened during the measurement by ultrasonic. The head wave frequency changed during the process; the frequency turning point was the wax precipitation point that could be obtained through segmental fitting of temperature and main frequency. This method was adopted to attain the WAT of the live oil at the reservoir condition and stock tank oil with high pour point and the results indicate that this method is reliable and not restricted by the color of oil. With the decrease of pressure, the WATs of live oil and dead oil both reduce, the WAT of live oil is 8 °C lower than that of dead oil under the same pressure. The WAT of live oil at the reservoir pressure measured by ultrasonic is about 3.7 °C lower than that of the stock tank oil measured by conventional method. wax appearance temperature Elsevier dead oil Elsevier live oil Elsevier reservoir pressure Elsevier ultrasonic Elsevier QIU, Ling oth LI, Xue oth YANG, Shenglai oth LI, Ke oth CHEN, Han oth Enthalten in Elsevier 178 Final office evaluation findings in E-SISTER participants at one center: A glimpse into the long-term results of stress incontinence surgery 2012 Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV016100263 volume:41 year:2014 number:4 pages:509-512 extent:4 https://doi.org/10.1016/S1876-3804(14)60059-8 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U GBV_ILN_20 35.80 Makromolekulare Chemie VZ AR 41 2014 4 509-512 4 045F 620 |
| allfieldsGer |
10.1016/S1876-3804(14)60059-8 doi GBVA2014011000003.pica (DE-627)ELV028108787 (ELSEVIER)S1876-3804(14)60059-8 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 620 660 620 DE-600 660 DE-600 610 VZ 670 VZ 35.80 bkl JIANG, Bin verfasserin aut Measurement of the wax appearance temperature of waxy oil under the reservoir condition with ultrasonic method 2014transfer abstract 4 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier To solve the problem that wax appearance temperature (WAT) acquired by conventional method is not suitable and effective to the subsurface live crude oil and dark oil, a way to measure the WAT of crude oil varying in properties is explored using the characteristics of ultrasonic transmission through media. In WAT measurement with ultrasonic, as the temperature of crude dropped, solid wax crystallized from the crude, the decline effect of crude oil to ultrasonic would be strengthened during the measurement by ultrasonic. The head wave frequency changed during the process; the frequency turning point was the wax precipitation point that could be obtained through segmental fitting of temperature and main frequency. This method was adopted to attain the WAT of the live oil at the reservoir condition and stock tank oil with high pour point and the results indicate that this method is reliable and not restricted by the color of oil. With the decrease of pressure, the WATs of live oil and dead oil both reduce, the WAT of live oil is 8 °C lower than that of dead oil under the same pressure. The WAT of live oil at the reservoir pressure measured by ultrasonic is about 3.7 °C lower than that of the stock tank oil measured by conventional method. To solve the problem that wax appearance temperature (WAT) acquired by conventional method is not suitable and effective to the subsurface live crude oil and dark oil, a way to measure the WAT of crude oil varying in properties is explored using the characteristics of ultrasonic transmission through media. In WAT measurement with ultrasonic, as the temperature of crude dropped, solid wax crystallized from the crude, the decline effect of crude oil to ultrasonic would be strengthened during the measurement by ultrasonic. The head wave frequency changed during the process; the frequency turning point was the wax precipitation point that could be obtained through segmental fitting of temperature and main frequency. This method was adopted to attain the WAT of the live oil at the reservoir condition and stock tank oil with high pour point and the results indicate that this method is reliable and not restricted by the color of oil. With the decrease of pressure, the WATs of live oil and dead oil both reduce, the WAT of live oil is 8 °C lower than that of dead oil under the same pressure. The WAT of live oil at the reservoir pressure measured by ultrasonic is about 3.7 °C lower than that of the stock tank oil measured by conventional method. wax appearance temperature Elsevier dead oil Elsevier live oil Elsevier reservoir pressure Elsevier ultrasonic Elsevier QIU, Ling oth LI, Xue oth YANG, Shenglai oth LI, Ke oth CHEN, Han oth Enthalten in Elsevier 178 Final office evaluation findings in E-SISTER participants at one center: A glimpse into the long-term results of stress incontinence surgery 2012 Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV016100263 volume:41 year:2014 number:4 pages:509-512 extent:4 https://doi.org/10.1016/S1876-3804(14)60059-8 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U GBV_ILN_20 35.80 Makromolekulare Chemie VZ AR 41 2014 4 509-512 4 045F 620 |
| allfieldsSound |
10.1016/S1876-3804(14)60059-8 doi GBVA2014011000003.pica (DE-627)ELV028108787 (ELSEVIER)S1876-3804(14)60059-8 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 620 660 620 DE-600 660 DE-600 610 VZ 670 VZ 35.80 bkl JIANG, Bin verfasserin aut Measurement of the wax appearance temperature of waxy oil under the reservoir condition with ultrasonic method 2014transfer abstract 4 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier To solve the problem that wax appearance temperature (WAT) acquired by conventional method is not suitable and effective to the subsurface live crude oil and dark oil, a way to measure the WAT of crude oil varying in properties is explored using the characteristics of ultrasonic transmission through media. In WAT measurement with ultrasonic, as the temperature of crude dropped, solid wax crystallized from the crude, the decline effect of crude oil to ultrasonic would be strengthened during the measurement by ultrasonic. The head wave frequency changed during the process; the frequency turning point was the wax precipitation point that could be obtained through segmental fitting of temperature and main frequency. This method was adopted to attain the WAT of the live oil at the reservoir condition and stock tank oil with high pour point and the results indicate that this method is reliable and not restricted by the color of oil. With the decrease of pressure, the WATs of live oil and dead oil both reduce, the WAT of live oil is 8 °C lower than that of dead oil under the same pressure. The WAT of live oil at the reservoir pressure measured by ultrasonic is about 3.7 °C lower than that of the stock tank oil measured by conventional method. To solve the problem that wax appearance temperature (WAT) acquired by conventional method is not suitable and effective to the subsurface live crude oil and dark oil, a way to measure the WAT of crude oil varying in properties is explored using the characteristics of ultrasonic transmission through media. In WAT measurement with ultrasonic, as the temperature of crude dropped, solid wax crystallized from the crude, the decline effect of crude oil to ultrasonic would be strengthened during the measurement by ultrasonic. The head wave frequency changed during the process; the frequency turning point was the wax precipitation point that could be obtained through segmental fitting of temperature and main frequency. This method was adopted to attain the WAT of the live oil at the reservoir condition and stock tank oil with high pour point and the results indicate that this method is reliable and not restricted by the color of oil. With the decrease of pressure, the WATs of live oil and dead oil both reduce, the WAT of live oil is 8 °C lower than that of dead oil under the same pressure. The WAT of live oil at the reservoir pressure measured by ultrasonic is about 3.7 °C lower than that of the stock tank oil measured by conventional method. wax appearance temperature Elsevier dead oil Elsevier live oil Elsevier reservoir pressure Elsevier ultrasonic Elsevier QIU, Ling oth LI, Xue oth YANG, Shenglai oth LI, Ke oth CHEN, Han oth Enthalten in Elsevier 178 Final office evaluation findings in E-SISTER participants at one center: A glimpse into the long-term results of stress incontinence surgery 2012 Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV016100263 volume:41 year:2014 number:4 pages:509-512 extent:4 https://doi.org/10.1016/S1876-3804(14)60059-8 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U GBV_ILN_20 35.80 Makromolekulare Chemie VZ AR 41 2014 4 509-512 4 045F 620 |
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Enthalten in 178 Final office evaluation findings in E-SISTER participants at one center: A glimpse into the long-term results of stress incontinence surgery Amsterdam [u.a.] volume:41 year:2014 number:4 pages:509-512 extent:4 |
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In WAT measurement with ultrasonic, as the temperature of crude dropped, solid wax crystallized from the crude, the decline effect of crude oil to ultrasonic would be strengthened during the measurement by ultrasonic. The head wave frequency changed during the process; the frequency turning point was the wax precipitation point that could be obtained through segmental fitting of temperature and main frequency. This method was adopted to attain the WAT of the live oil at the reservoir condition and stock tank oil with high pour point and the results indicate that this method is reliable and not restricted by the color of oil. With the decrease of pressure, the WATs of live oil and dead oil both reduce, the WAT of live oil is 8 °C lower than that of dead oil under the same pressure. The WAT of live oil at the reservoir pressure measured by ultrasonic is about 3.7 °C lower than that of the stock tank oil measured by conventional method.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">To solve the problem that wax appearance temperature (WAT) acquired by conventional method is not suitable and effective to the subsurface live crude oil and dark oil, a way to measure the WAT of crude oil varying in properties is explored using the characteristics of ultrasonic transmission through media. In WAT measurement with ultrasonic, as the temperature of crude dropped, solid wax crystallized from the crude, the decline effect of crude oil to ultrasonic would be strengthened during the measurement by ultrasonic. The head wave frequency changed during the process; the frequency turning point was the wax precipitation point that could be obtained through segmental fitting of temperature and main frequency. This method was adopted to attain the WAT of the live oil at the reservoir condition and stock tank oil with high pour point and the results indicate that this method is reliable and not restricted by the color of oil. With the decrease of pressure, the WATs of live oil and dead oil both reduce, the WAT of live oil is 8 °C lower than that of dead oil under the same pressure. 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178 Final office evaluation findings in E-SISTER participants at one center: A glimpse into the long-term results of stress incontinence surgery |
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measurement of the wax appearance temperature of waxy oil under the reservoir condition with ultrasonic method |
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Measurement of the wax appearance temperature of waxy oil under the reservoir condition with ultrasonic method |
| abstract |
To solve the problem that wax appearance temperature (WAT) acquired by conventional method is not suitable and effective to the subsurface live crude oil and dark oil, a way to measure the WAT of crude oil varying in properties is explored using the characteristics of ultrasonic transmission through media. In WAT measurement with ultrasonic, as the temperature of crude dropped, solid wax crystallized from the crude, the decline effect of crude oil to ultrasonic would be strengthened during the measurement by ultrasonic. The head wave frequency changed during the process; the frequency turning point was the wax precipitation point that could be obtained through segmental fitting of temperature and main frequency. This method was adopted to attain the WAT of the live oil at the reservoir condition and stock tank oil with high pour point and the results indicate that this method is reliable and not restricted by the color of oil. With the decrease of pressure, the WATs of live oil and dead oil both reduce, the WAT of live oil is 8 °C lower than that of dead oil under the same pressure. The WAT of live oil at the reservoir pressure measured by ultrasonic is about 3.7 °C lower than that of the stock tank oil measured by conventional method. |
| abstractGer |
To solve the problem that wax appearance temperature (WAT) acquired by conventional method is not suitable and effective to the subsurface live crude oil and dark oil, a way to measure the WAT of crude oil varying in properties is explored using the characteristics of ultrasonic transmission through media. In WAT measurement with ultrasonic, as the temperature of crude dropped, solid wax crystallized from the crude, the decline effect of crude oil to ultrasonic would be strengthened during the measurement by ultrasonic. The head wave frequency changed during the process; the frequency turning point was the wax precipitation point that could be obtained through segmental fitting of temperature and main frequency. This method was adopted to attain the WAT of the live oil at the reservoir condition and stock tank oil with high pour point and the results indicate that this method is reliable and not restricted by the color of oil. With the decrease of pressure, the WATs of live oil and dead oil both reduce, the WAT of live oil is 8 °C lower than that of dead oil under the same pressure. The WAT of live oil at the reservoir pressure measured by ultrasonic is about 3.7 °C lower than that of the stock tank oil measured by conventional method. |
| abstract_unstemmed |
To solve the problem that wax appearance temperature (WAT) acquired by conventional method is not suitable and effective to the subsurface live crude oil and dark oil, a way to measure the WAT of crude oil varying in properties is explored using the characteristics of ultrasonic transmission through media. In WAT measurement with ultrasonic, as the temperature of crude dropped, solid wax crystallized from the crude, the decline effect of crude oil to ultrasonic would be strengthened during the measurement by ultrasonic. The head wave frequency changed during the process; the frequency turning point was the wax precipitation point that could be obtained through segmental fitting of temperature and main frequency. This method was adopted to attain the WAT of the live oil at the reservoir condition and stock tank oil with high pour point and the results indicate that this method is reliable and not restricted by the color of oil. With the decrease of pressure, the WATs of live oil and dead oil both reduce, the WAT of live oil is 8 °C lower than that of dead oil under the same pressure. The WAT of live oil at the reservoir pressure measured by ultrasonic is about 3.7 °C lower than that of the stock tank oil measured by conventional method. |
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Measurement of the wax appearance temperature of waxy oil under the reservoir condition with ultrasonic method |
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QIU, Ling LI, Xue YANG, Shenglai LI, Ke CHEN, Han |
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