Mixing state of ambient aerosols in Nanjing city by single particle mass spectrometry
To investigate the mixing state and size-resolved aerosol in Nanjing, measurements were carried out for the period 14th January-1st February 2013 by using a Single Particle Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (SPAMS). A total of 10,864,766 particles were sized with vacuum aerodynamic diameter (dva) in the ran...
Ausführliche Beschreibung
Gespeichert in:
| Autor*in: |
Wang, Honglei [verfasserIn] |
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| Format: |
E-Artikel |
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| Sprache: |
Englisch |
| Erschienen: |
2016transfer abstract |
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| Schlagwörter: |
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| Umfang: |
10 |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
Enthalten in: The internal pudendal artery turnover (IPAT) flap: A new, simple and reliable technique for perineal reconstruction - Nassar, M.K. ELSEVIER, 2021, Amsterdam [u.a.] |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:132 ; year:2016 ; pages:123-132 ; extent:10 |
| Links: |
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| DOI / URN: |
10.1016/j.atmosenv.2016.02.032 |
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ELV030018935 |
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| 520 | |a To investigate the mixing state and size-resolved aerosol in Nanjing, measurements were carried out for the period 14th January-1st February 2013 by using a Single Particle Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (SPAMS). A total of 10,864,766 particles were sized with vacuum aerodynamic diameter (dva) in the range of 0.2–2.0 μm. Of which, 1,989,725 particles were successfully ionized. Aerosol particles employed for analyzing SPAMS data utilized 96% of the hit particles to identify 5 main particle groups. The particle classes include: K-rich particles (K-CN, K-Nitrate, K-Sulfate and K-Secondary), sodium particles, ammonium particles, carbon-rich particles (OC, EC and OCEC) and heavy-metal particles (Fe-Secondary, Pb-Nitrate, Cu-Mn-Secondary and V-Secondary). EC was the largest contributor with a fraction of 21.78%, followed by K-Secondary (17.87%), K-Nitrate (12.68%) and K-CN (11.25%). High particle level and high RH (relative humidity) are two important factors decreasing visibility in Nanjing. Different particle classes have distinct extinction effects. It anti-correlated well with visibility for the K-secondary, sodium, ammonium, EC, Fe-Secondary and K-Nitrate particles. The proportion of EC particles at 0.65–1.4 μm was up to 25% on haze days and was below 10% on clean days. | ||
| 520 | |a To investigate the mixing state and size-resolved aerosol in Nanjing, measurements were carried out for the period 14th January-1st February 2013 by using a Single Particle Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (SPAMS). A total of 10,864,766 particles were sized with vacuum aerodynamic diameter (dva) in the range of 0.2–2.0 μm. Of which, 1,989,725 particles were successfully ionized. Aerosol particles employed for analyzing SPAMS data utilized 96% of the hit particles to identify 5 main particle groups. The particle classes include: K-rich particles (K-CN, K-Nitrate, K-Sulfate and K-Secondary), sodium particles, ammonium particles, carbon-rich particles (OC, EC and OCEC) and heavy-metal particles (Fe-Secondary, Pb-Nitrate, Cu-Mn-Secondary and V-Secondary). EC was the largest contributor with a fraction of 21.78%, followed by K-Secondary (17.87%), K-Nitrate (12.68%) and K-CN (11.25%). High particle level and high RH (relative humidity) are two important factors decreasing visibility in Nanjing. Different particle classes have distinct extinction effects. It anti-correlated well with visibility for the K-secondary, sodium, ammonium, EC, Fe-Secondary and K-Nitrate particles. The proportion of EC particles at 0.65–1.4 μm was up to 25% on haze days and was below 10% on clean days. | ||
| 650 | 7 | |a Nitrate |2 Elsevier | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Mixing state |2 Elsevier | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Haze |2 Elsevier | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Visibility |2 Elsevier | |
| 650 | 7 | |a SPAMS |2 Elsevier | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Nanjing |2 Elsevier | |
| 700 | 1 | |a An, Junlin |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Shen, Lijuan |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Zhu, Bin |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Xia, Li |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Duan, Qing |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Zou, Jianan |4 oth | |
| 773 | 0 | 8 | |i Enthalten in |n Elsevier Science |a Nassar, M.K. ELSEVIER |t The internal pudendal artery turnover (IPAT) flap: A new, simple and reliable technique for perineal reconstruction |d 2021 |g Amsterdam [u.a.] |w (DE-627)ELV00656139X |
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10.1016/j.atmosenv.2016.02.032 doi GBVA2016019000019.pica (DE-627)ELV030018935 (ELSEVIER)S1352-2310(16)30145-5 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 550 690 550 DE-600 690 DE-600 610 VZ 44.65 bkl Wang, Honglei verfasserin aut Mixing state of ambient aerosols in Nanjing city by single particle mass spectrometry 2016transfer abstract 10 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier To investigate the mixing state and size-resolved aerosol in Nanjing, measurements were carried out for the period 14th January-1st February 2013 by using a Single Particle Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (SPAMS). A total of 10,864,766 particles were sized with vacuum aerodynamic diameter (dva) in the range of 0.2–2.0 μm. Of which, 1,989,725 particles were successfully ionized. Aerosol particles employed for analyzing SPAMS data utilized 96% of the hit particles to identify 5 main particle groups. The particle classes include: K-rich particles (K-CN, K-Nitrate, K-Sulfate and K-Secondary), sodium particles, ammonium particles, carbon-rich particles (OC, EC and OCEC) and heavy-metal particles (Fe-Secondary, Pb-Nitrate, Cu-Mn-Secondary and V-Secondary). EC was the largest contributor with a fraction of 21.78%, followed by K-Secondary (17.87%), K-Nitrate (12.68%) and K-CN (11.25%). High particle level and high RH (relative humidity) are two important factors decreasing visibility in Nanjing. Different particle classes have distinct extinction effects. It anti-correlated well with visibility for the K-secondary, sodium, ammonium, EC, Fe-Secondary and K-Nitrate particles. The proportion of EC particles at 0.65–1.4 μm was up to 25% on haze days and was below 10% on clean days. To investigate the mixing state and size-resolved aerosol in Nanjing, measurements were carried out for the period 14th January-1st February 2013 by using a Single Particle Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (SPAMS). A total of 10,864,766 particles were sized with vacuum aerodynamic diameter (dva) in the range of 0.2–2.0 μm. Of which, 1,989,725 particles were successfully ionized. Aerosol particles employed for analyzing SPAMS data utilized 96% of the hit particles to identify 5 main particle groups. The particle classes include: K-rich particles (K-CN, K-Nitrate, K-Sulfate and K-Secondary), sodium particles, ammonium particles, carbon-rich particles (OC, EC and OCEC) and heavy-metal particles (Fe-Secondary, Pb-Nitrate, Cu-Mn-Secondary and V-Secondary). EC was the largest contributor with a fraction of 21.78%, followed by K-Secondary (17.87%), K-Nitrate (12.68%) and K-CN (11.25%). High particle level and high RH (relative humidity) are two important factors decreasing visibility in Nanjing. Different particle classes have distinct extinction effects. It anti-correlated well with visibility for the K-secondary, sodium, ammonium, EC, Fe-Secondary and K-Nitrate particles. The proportion of EC particles at 0.65–1.4 μm was up to 25% on haze days and was below 10% on clean days. Nitrate Elsevier Mixing state Elsevier Haze Elsevier Visibility Elsevier SPAMS Elsevier Nanjing Elsevier An, Junlin oth Shen, Lijuan oth Zhu, Bin oth Xia, Li oth Duan, Qing oth Zou, Jianan oth Enthalten in Elsevier Science Nassar, M.K. ELSEVIER The internal pudendal artery turnover (IPAT) flap: A new, simple and reliable technique for perineal reconstruction 2021 Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV00656139X volume:132 year:2016 pages:123-132 extent:10 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2016.02.032 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U SSG-OLC-PHA 44.65 Chirurgie VZ AR 132 2016 123-132 10 045F 550 |
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10.1016/j.atmosenv.2016.02.032 doi GBVA2016019000019.pica (DE-627)ELV030018935 (ELSEVIER)S1352-2310(16)30145-5 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 550 690 550 DE-600 690 DE-600 610 VZ 44.65 bkl Wang, Honglei verfasserin aut Mixing state of ambient aerosols in Nanjing city by single particle mass spectrometry 2016transfer abstract 10 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier To investigate the mixing state and size-resolved aerosol in Nanjing, measurements were carried out for the period 14th January-1st February 2013 by using a Single Particle Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (SPAMS). A total of 10,864,766 particles were sized with vacuum aerodynamic diameter (dva) in the range of 0.2–2.0 μm. Of which, 1,989,725 particles were successfully ionized. Aerosol particles employed for analyzing SPAMS data utilized 96% of the hit particles to identify 5 main particle groups. The particle classes include: K-rich particles (K-CN, K-Nitrate, K-Sulfate and K-Secondary), sodium particles, ammonium particles, carbon-rich particles (OC, EC and OCEC) and heavy-metal particles (Fe-Secondary, Pb-Nitrate, Cu-Mn-Secondary and V-Secondary). EC was the largest contributor with a fraction of 21.78%, followed by K-Secondary (17.87%), K-Nitrate (12.68%) and K-CN (11.25%). High particle level and high RH (relative humidity) are two important factors decreasing visibility in Nanjing. Different particle classes have distinct extinction effects. It anti-correlated well with visibility for the K-secondary, sodium, ammonium, EC, Fe-Secondary and K-Nitrate particles. The proportion of EC particles at 0.65–1.4 μm was up to 25% on haze days and was below 10% on clean days. To investigate the mixing state and size-resolved aerosol in Nanjing, measurements were carried out for the period 14th January-1st February 2013 by using a Single Particle Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (SPAMS). A total of 10,864,766 particles were sized with vacuum aerodynamic diameter (dva) in the range of 0.2–2.0 μm. Of which, 1,989,725 particles were successfully ionized. Aerosol particles employed for analyzing SPAMS data utilized 96% of the hit particles to identify 5 main particle groups. The particle classes include: K-rich particles (K-CN, K-Nitrate, K-Sulfate and K-Secondary), sodium particles, ammonium particles, carbon-rich particles (OC, EC and OCEC) and heavy-metal particles (Fe-Secondary, Pb-Nitrate, Cu-Mn-Secondary and V-Secondary). EC was the largest contributor with a fraction of 21.78%, followed by K-Secondary (17.87%), K-Nitrate (12.68%) and K-CN (11.25%). High particle level and high RH (relative humidity) are two important factors decreasing visibility in Nanjing. Different particle classes have distinct extinction effects. It anti-correlated well with visibility for the K-secondary, sodium, ammonium, EC, Fe-Secondary and K-Nitrate particles. The proportion of EC particles at 0.65–1.4 μm was up to 25% on haze days and was below 10% on clean days. Nitrate Elsevier Mixing state Elsevier Haze Elsevier Visibility Elsevier SPAMS Elsevier Nanjing Elsevier An, Junlin oth Shen, Lijuan oth Zhu, Bin oth Xia, Li oth Duan, Qing oth Zou, Jianan oth Enthalten in Elsevier Science Nassar, M.K. ELSEVIER The internal pudendal artery turnover (IPAT) flap: A new, simple and reliable technique for perineal reconstruction 2021 Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV00656139X volume:132 year:2016 pages:123-132 extent:10 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2016.02.032 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U SSG-OLC-PHA 44.65 Chirurgie VZ AR 132 2016 123-132 10 045F 550 |
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10.1016/j.atmosenv.2016.02.032 doi GBVA2016019000019.pica (DE-627)ELV030018935 (ELSEVIER)S1352-2310(16)30145-5 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 550 690 550 DE-600 690 DE-600 610 VZ 44.65 bkl Wang, Honglei verfasserin aut Mixing state of ambient aerosols in Nanjing city by single particle mass spectrometry 2016transfer abstract 10 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier To investigate the mixing state and size-resolved aerosol in Nanjing, measurements were carried out for the period 14th January-1st February 2013 by using a Single Particle Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (SPAMS). A total of 10,864,766 particles were sized with vacuum aerodynamic diameter (dva) in the range of 0.2–2.0 μm. Of which, 1,989,725 particles were successfully ionized. Aerosol particles employed for analyzing SPAMS data utilized 96% of the hit particles to identify 5 main particle groups. The particle classes include: K-rich particles (K-CN, K-Nitrate, K-Sulfate and K-Secondary), sodium particles, ammonium particles, carbon-rich particles (OC, EC and OCEC) and heavy-metal particles (Fe-Secondary, Pb-Nitrate, Cu-Mn-Secondary and V-Secondary). EC was the largest contributor with a fraction of 21.78%, followed by K-Secondary (17.87%), K-Nitrate (12.68%) and K-CN (11.25%). High particle level and high RH (relative humidity) are two important factors decreasing visibility in Nanjing. Different particle classes have distinct extinction effects. It anti-correlated well with visibility for the K-secondary, sodium, ammonium, EC, Fe-Secondary and K-Nitrate particles. The proportion of EC particles at 0.65–1.4 μm was up to 25% on haze days and was below 10% on clean days. To investigate the mixing state and size-resolved aerosol in Nanjing, measurements were carried out for the period 14th January-1st February 2013 by using a Single Particle Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (SPAMS). A total of 10,864,766 particles were sized with vacuum aerodynamic diameter (dva) in the range of 0.2–2.0 μm. Of which, 1,989,725 particles were successfully ionized. Aerosol particles employed for analyzing SPAMS data utilized 96% of the hit particles to identify 5 main particle groups. The particle classes include: K-rich particles (K-CN, K-Nitrate, K-Sulfate and K-Secondary), sodium particles, ammonium particles, carbon-rich particles (OC, EC and OCEC) and heavy-metal particles (Fe-Secondary, Pb-Nitrate, Cu-Mn-Secondary and V-Secondary). EC was the largest contributor with a fraction of 21.78%, followed by K-Secondary (17.87%), K-Nitrate (12.68%) and K-CN (11.25%). High particle level and high RH (relative humidity) are two important factors decreasing visibility in Nanjing. Different particle classes have distinct extinction effects. It anti-correlated well with visibility for the K-secondary, sodium, ammonium, EC, Fe-Secondary and K-Nitrate particles. The proportion of EC particles at 0.65–1.4 μm was up to 25% on haze days and was below 10% on clean days. Nitrate Elsevier Mixing state Elsevier Haze Elsevier Visibility Elsevier SPAMS Elsevier Nanjing Elsevier An, Junlin oth Shen, Lijuan oth Zhu, Bin oth Xia, Li oth Duan, Qing oth Zou, Jianan oth Enthalten in Elsevier Science Nassar, M.K. ELSEVIER The internal pudendal artery turnover (IPAT) flap: A new, simple and reliable technique for perineal reconstruction 2021 Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV00656139X volume:132 year:2016 pages:123-132 extent:10 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2016.02.032 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U SSG-OLC-PHA 44.65 Chirurgie VZ AR 132 2016 123-132 10 045F 550 |
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10.1016/j.atmosenv.2016.02.032 doi GBVA2016019000019.pica (DE-627)ELV030018935 (ELSEVIER)S1352-2310(16)30145-5 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 550 690 550 DE-600 690 DE-600 610 VZ 44.65 bkl Wang, Honglei verfasserin aut Mixing state of ambient aerosols in Nanjing city by single particle mass spectrometry 2016transfer abstract 10 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier To investigate the mixing state and size-resolved aerosol in Nanjing, measurements were carried out for the period 14th January-1st February 2013 by using a Single Particle Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (SPAMS). A total of 10,864,766 particles were sized with vacuum aerodynamic diameter (dva) in the range of 0.2–2.0 μm. Of which, 1,989,725 particles were successfully ionized. Aerosol particles employed for analyzing SPAMS data utilized 96% of the hit particles to identify 5 main particle groups. The particle classes include: K-rich particles (K-CN, K-Nitrate, K-Sulfate and K-Secondary), sodium particles, ammonium particles, carbon-rich particles (OC, EC and OCEC) and heavy-metal particles (Fe-Secondary, Pb-Nitrate, Cu-Mn-Secondary and V-Secondary). EC was the largest contributor with a fraction of 21.78%, followed by K-Secondary (17.87%), K-Nitrate (12.68%) and K-CN (11.25%). High particle level and high RH (relative humidity) are two important factors decreasing visibility in Nanjing. Different particle classes have distinct extinction effects. It anti-correlated well with visibility for the K-secondary, sodium, ammonium, EC, Fe-Secondary and K-Nitrate particles. The proportion of EC particles at 0.65–1.4 μm was up to 25% on haze days and was below 10% on clean days. To investigate the mixing state and size-resolved aerosol in Nanjing, measurements were carried out for the period 14th January-1st February 2013 by using a Single Particle Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (SPAMS). A total of 10,864,766 particles were sized with vacuum aerodynamic diameter (dva) in the range of 0.2–2.0 μm. Of which, 1,989,725 particles were successfully ionized. Aerosol particles employed for analyzing SPAMS data utilized 96% of the hit particles to identify 5 main particle groups. The particle classes include: K-rich particles (K-CN, K-Nitrate, K-Sulfate and K-Secondary), sodium particles, ammonium particles, carbon-rich particles (OC, EC and OCEC) and heavy-metal particles (Fe-Secondary, Pb-Nitrate, Cu-Mn-Secondary and V-Secondary). EC was the largest contributor with a fraction of 21.78%, followed by K-Secondary (17.87%), K-Nitrate (12.68%) and K-CN (11.25%). High particle level and high RH (relative humidity) are two important factors decreasing visibility in Nanjing. Different particle classes have distinct extinction effects. It anti-correlated well with visibility for the K-secondary, sodium, ammonium, EC, Fe-Secondary and K-Nitrate particles. The proportion of EC particles at 0.65–1.4 μm was up to 25% on haze days and was below 10% on clean days. Nitrate Elsevier Mixing state Elsevier Haze Elsevier Visibility Elsevier SPAMS Elsevier Nanjing Elsevier An, Junlin oth Shen, Lijuan oth Zhu, Bin oth Xia, Li oth Duan, Qing oth Zou, Jianan oth Enthalten in Elsevier Science Nassar, M.K. ELSEVIER The internal pudendal artery turnover (IPAT) flap: A new, simple and reliable technique for perineal reconstruction 2021 Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV00656139X volume:132 year:2016 pages:123-132 extent:10 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2016.02.032 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U SSG-OLC-PHA 44.65 Chirurgie VZ AR 132 2016 123-132 10 045F 550 |
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10.1016/j.atmosenv.2016.02.032 doi GBVA2016019000019.pica (DE-627)ELV030018935 (ELSEVIER)S1352-2310(16)30145-5 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 550 690 550 DE-600 690 DE-600 610 VZ 44.65 bkl Wang, Honglei verfasserin aut Mixing state of ambient aerosols in Nanjing city by single particle mass spectrometry 2016transfer abstract 10 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier To investigate the mixing state and size-resolved aerosol in Nanjing, measurements were carried out for the period 14th January-1st February 2013 by using a Single Particle Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (SPAMS). A total of 10,864,766 particles were sized with vacuum aerodynamic diameter (dva) in the range of 0.2–2.0 μm. Of which, 1,989,725 particles were successfully ionized. Aerosol particles employed for analyzing SPAMS data utilized 96% of the hit particles to identify 5 main particle groups. The particle classes include: K-rich particles (K-CN, K-Nitrate, K-Sulfate and K-Secondary), sodium particles, ammonium particles, carbon-rich particles (OC, EC and OCEC) and heavy-metal particles (Fe-Secondary, Pb-Nitrate, Cu-Mn-Secondary and V-Secondary). EC was the largest contributor with a fraction of 21.78%, followed by K-Secondary (17.87%), K-Nitrate (12.68%) and K-CN (11.25%). High particle level and high RH (relative humidity) are two important factors decreasing visibility in Nanjing. Different particle classes have distinct extinction effects. It anti-correlated well with visibility for the K-secondary, sodium, ammonium, EC, Fe-Secondary and K-Nitrate particles. The proportion of EC particles at 0.65–1.4 μm was up to 25% on haze days and was below 10% on clean days. To investigate the mixing state and size-resolved aerosol in Nanjing, measurements were carried out for the period 14th January-1st February 2013 by using a Single Particle Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (SPAMS). A total of 10,864,766 particles were sized with vacuum aerodynamic diameter (dva) in the range of 0.2–2.0 μm. Of which, 1,989,725 particles were successfully ionized. Aerosol particles employed for analyzing SPAMS data utilized 96% of the hit particles to identify 5 main particle groups. The particle classes include: K-rich particles (K-CN, K-Nitrate, K-Sulfate and K-Secondary), sodium particles, ammonium particles, carbon-rich particles (OC, EC and OCEC) and heavy-metal particles (Fe-Secondary, Pb-Nitrate, Cu-Mn-Secondary and V-Secondary). EC was the largest contributor with a fraction of 21.78%, followed by K-Secondary (17.87%), K-Nitrate (12.68%) and K-CN (11.25%). High particle level and high RH (relative humidity) are two important factors decreasing visibility in Nanjing. Different particle classes have distinct extinction effects. It anti-correlated well with visibility for the K-secondary, sodium, ammonium, EC, Fe-Secondary and K-Nitrate particles. The proportion of EC particles at 0.65–1.4 μm was up to 25% on haze days and was below 10% on clean days. Nitrate Elsevier Mixing state Elsevier Haze Elsevier Visibility Elsevier SPAMS Elsevier Nanjing Elsevier An, Junlin oth Shen, Lijuan oth Zhu, Bin oth Xia, Li oth Duan, Qing oth Zou, Jianan oth Enthalten in Elsevier Science Nassar, M.K. ELSEVIER The internal pudendal artery turnover (IPAT) flap: A new, simple and reliable technique for perineal reconstruction 2021 Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV00656139X volume:132 year:2016 pages:123-132 extent:10 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2016.02.032 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U SSG-OLC-PHA 44.65 Chirurgie VZ AR 132 2016 123-132 10 045F 550 |
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Mixing state of ambient aerosols in Nanjing city by single particle mass spectrometry |
| abstract |
To investigate the mixing state and size-resolved aerosol in Nanjing, measurements were carried out for the period 14th January-1st February 2013 by using a Single Particle Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (SPAMS). A total of 10,864,766 particles were sized with vacuum aerodynamic diameter (dva) in the range of 0.2–2.0 μm. Of which, 1,989,725 particles were successfully ionized. Aerosol particles employed for analyzing SPAMS data utilized 96% of the hit particles to identify 5 main particle groups. The particle classes include: K-rich particles (K-CN, K-Nitrate, K-Sulfate and K-Secondary), sodium particles, ammonium particles, carbon-rich particles (OC, EC and OCEC) and heavy-metal particles (Fe-Secondary, Pb-Nitrate, Cu-Mn-Secondary and V-Secondary). EC was the largest contributor with a fraction of 21.78%, followed by K-Secondary (17.87%), K-Nitrate (12.68%) and K-CN (11.25%). High particle level and high RH (relative humidity) are two important factors decreasing visibility in Nanjing. Different particle classes have distinct extinction effects. It anti-correlated well with visibility for the K-secondary, sodium, ammonium, EC, Fe-Secondary and K-Nitrate particles. The proportion of EC particles at 0.65–1.4 μm was up to 25% on haze days and was below 10% on clean days. |
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To investigate the mixing state and size-resolved aerosol in Nanjing, measurements were carried out for the period 14th January-1st February 2013 by using a Single Particle Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (SPAMS). A total of 10,864,766 particles were sized with vacuum aerodynamic diameter (dva) in the range of 0.2–2.0 μm. Of which, 1,989,725 particles were successfully ionized. Aerosol particles employed for analyzing SPAMS data utilized 96% of the hit particles to identify 5 main particle groups. The particle classes include: K-rich particles (K-CN, K-Nitrate, K-Sulfate and K-Secondary), sodium particles, ammonium particles, carbon-rich particles (OC, EC and OCEC) and heavy-metal particles (Fe-Secondary, Pb-Nitrate, Cu-Mn-Secondary and V-Secondary). EC was the largest contributor with a fraction of 21.78%, followed by K-Secondary (17.87%), K-Nitrate (12.68%) and K-CN (11.25%). High particle level and high RH (relative humidity) are two important factors decreasing visibility in Nanjing. Different particle classes have distinct extinction effects. It anti-correlated well with visibility for the K-secondary, sodium, ammonium, EC, Fe-Secondary and K-Nitrate particles. The proportion of EC particles at 0.65–1.4 μm was up to 25% on haze days and was below 10% on clean days. |
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To investigate the mixing state and size-resolved aerosol in Nanjing, measurements were carried out for the period 14th January-1st February 2013 by using a Single Particle Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (SPAMS). A total of 10,864,766 particles were sized with vacuum aerodynamic diameter (dva) in the range of 0.2–2.0 μm. Of which, 1,989,725 particles were successfully ionized. Aerosol particles employed for analyzing SPAMS data utilized 96% of the hit particles to identify 5 main particle groups. The particle classes include: K-rich particles (K-CN, K-Nitrate, K-Sulfate and K-Secondary), sodium particles, ammonium particles, carbon-rich particles (OC, EC and OCEC) and heavy-metal particles (Fe-Secondary, Pb-Nitrate, Cu-Mn-Secondary and V-Secondary). EC was the largest contributor with a fraction of 21.78%, followed by K-Secondary (17.87%), K-Nitrate (12.68%) and K-CN (11.25%). High particle level and high RH (relative humidity) are two important factors decreasing visibility in Nanjing. Different particle classes have distinct extinction effects. It anti-correlated well with visibility for the K-secondary, sodium, ammonium, EC, Fe-Secondary and K-Nitrate particles. The proportion of EC particles at 0.65–1.4 μm was up to 25% on haze days and was below 10% on clean days. |
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ELSEVIER</subfield><subfield code="t">The internal pudendal artery turnover (IPAT) flap: A new, simple and reliable technique for perineal reconstruction</subfield><subfield code="d">2021</subfield><subfield code="g">Amsterdam [u.a.]</subfield><subfield code="w">(DE-627)ELV00656139X</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="773" ind1="1" ind2="8"><subfield code="g">volume:132</subfield><subfield code="g">year:2016</subfield><subfield code="g">pages:123-132</subfield><subfield code="g">extent:10</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="0"><subfield code="u">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2016.02.032</subfield><subfield code="3">Volltext</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_USEFLAG_U</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ELV</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">SYSFLAG_U</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">SSG-OLC-PHA</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="936" ind1="b" ind2="k"><subfield code="a">44.65</subfield><subfield code="j">Chirurgie</subfield><subfield code="q">VZ</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="951" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">AR</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="952" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="d">132</subfield><subfield code="j">2016</subfield><subfield code="h">123-132</subfield><subfield code="g">10</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="953" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">045F</subfield><subfield code="a">550</subfield></datafield></record></collection>
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