Degradation of sulfamethoxazole by UV, UV/H<ce:inf loc="post">2</ce:inf>O<ce:inf loc="post">2</ce:inf> and UV/persulfate (PDS): Formation of oxidation products and effect of bicarbonate
The frequent detection of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) in wastewater and surface waters gives rise of concerns about their ecotoxicological effects and potential risks to induce antibacterial resistant genes. UV/hydrogen peroxide (UV/H2O2) and UV/persulfate (UV/PDS) advanced oxidation processes have been...
Ausführliche Beschreibung
Gespeichert in:
| Autor*in: |
Yang, Yi [verfasserIn] |
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| Format: |
E-Artikel |
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| Sprache: |
Englisch |
| Erschienen: |
2017transfer abstract |
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| Schlagwörter: |
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| Umfang: |
12 |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
Enthalten in: Matches, mismatches and priorities of pathways from a climate-resilient development perspective in the mountains of Nepal - Pandey, Avash ELSEVIER, 2021, a journal of the International Association on Water Quality (IAWQ), Amsterdam [u.a.] |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:118 ; year:2017 ; day:1 ; month:07 ; pages:196-207 ; extent:12 |
| Links: |
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| DOI / URN: |
10.1016/j.watres.2017.03.054 |
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| Katalog-ID: |
ELV030198267 |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Degradation of sulfamethoxazole by UV, UV/H<ce:inf loc="post">2</ce:inf>O<ce:inf loc="post">2</ce:inf> and UV/persulfate (PDS): Formation of oxidation products and effect of bicarbonate |
| 264 | 1 | |c 2017transfer abstract | |
| 300 | |a 12 | ||
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| 520 | |a The frequent detection of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) in wastewater and surface waters gives rise of concerns about their ecotoxicological effects and potential risks to induce antibacterial resistant genes. UV/hydrogen peroxide (UV/H2O2) and UV/persulfate (UV/PDS) advanced oxidation processes have been demonstrated to be effective for the elimination of SMX, but there is still a need for a deeper understanding of product formations. In this study, we identified and compared the transformation products of SMX in UV, UV/H2O2 and UV/PDS processes. Because of the electrophilic nature of SO4 -, the second-order rate constant for the reaction of sulfate radical (SO4 -) with the anionic form of SMX was higher than that with the neutral form, while hydroxyl radical (OH) exhibited comparable reactivity to both forms. The direct photolysis of SMX predominately occurred through cleavage of the NS bond, rearrangement of the isoxazole ring, and hydroxylation mechanisms. Hydroxylation was the dominant pathway for the reaction of OH with SMX. SO4 - favored attack on NH2 group of SMX to generate a nitro derivative and dimeric products. The presence of bicarbonate in UV/H2O2 inhibited the formation of hydroxylated products, but promoted the formation of the nitro derivative and the dimeric products. In UV/PDS, bicarbonate increased the formation of the nitro derivative and the dimeric products, but decreased the formation of the hydroxylated dimeric products. The different effect of bicarbonate on transformation products in UV/H2O2 vs. UV/PDS suggested that carbonate radical (CO3 -) oxidized SMX through the electron transfer mechanism similar to SO4 - but with less oxidation capacity. Additionally, SO4 - and CO3 - exhibited higher reactivity to the oxazole ring than the isoxazole ring of SMX. Ecotoxicity of transformation products was estimated by ECOSAR program based on the quantitative structure-activity relationship analysis as well as by experiments using Vibrio fischeri, and these results indicated that the oxidation of SO4 - or CO3 - with SMX generated more toxic products than those of OH. | ||
| 520 | |a The frequent detection of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) in wastewater and surface waters gives rise of concerns about their ecotoxicological effects and potential risks to induce antibacterial resistant genes. UV/hydrogen peroxide (UV/H2O2) and UV/persulfate (UV/PDS) advanced oxidation processes have been demonstrated to be effective for the elimination of SMX, but there is still a need for a deeper understanding of product formations. In this study, we identified and compared the transformation products of SMX in UV, UV/H2O2 and UV/PDS processes. Because of the electrophilic nature of SO4 -, the second-order rate constant for the reaction of sulfate radical (SO4 -) with the anionic form of SMX was higher than that with the neutral form, while hydroxyl radical (OH) exhibited comparable reactivity to both forms. The direct photolysis of SMX predominately occurred through cleavage of the NS bond, rearrangement of the isoxazole ring, and hydroxylation mechanisms. Hydroxylation was the dominant pathway for the reaction of OH with SMX. SO4 - favored attack on NH2 group of SMX to generate a nitro derivative and dimeric products. The presence of bicarbonate in UV/H2O2 inhibited the formation of hydroxylated products, but promoted the formation of the nitro derivative and the dimeric products. In UV/PDS, bicarbonate increased the formation of the nitro derivative and the dimeric products, but decreased the formation of the hydroxylated dimeric products. The different effect of bicarbonate on transformation products in UV/H2O2 vs. UV/PDS suggested that carbonate radical (CO3 -) oxidized SMX through the electron transfer mechanism similar to SO4 - but with less oxidation capacity. Additionally, SO4 - and CO3 - exhibited higher reactivity to the oxazole ring than the isoxazole ring of SMX. Ecotoxicity of transformation products was estimated by ECOSAR program based on the quantitative structure-activity relationship analysis as well as by experiments using Vibrio fischeri, and these results indicated that the oxidation of SO4 - or CO3 - with SMX generated more toxic products than those of OH. | ||
| 650 | 7 | |a Transformation products |2 Elsevier | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Carbonate radical |2 Elsevier | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Sulfamethoxazole |2 Elsevier | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Sulfate radical |2 Elsevier | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Hydroxyl radical |2 Elsevier | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Lu, Xinglin |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Jiang, Jin |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Ma, Jun |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Liu, Guanqi |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Cao, Ying |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Liu, Weili |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Li, Juan |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Pang, Suyan |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Kong, Xiujuan |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Luo, Congwei |4 oth | |
| 773 | 0 | 8 | |i Enthalten in |n Elsevier Science |a Pandey, Avash ELSEVIER |t Matches, mismatches and priorities of pathways from a climate-resilient development perspective in the mountains of Nepal |d 2021 |d a journal of the International Association on Water Quality (IAWQ) |g Amsterdam [u.a.] |w (DE-627)ELV006716016 |
| 773 | 1 | 8 | |g volume:118 |g year:2017 |g day:1 |g month:07 |g pages:196-207 |g extent:12 |
| 856 | 4 | 0 | |u https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2017.03.054 |3 Volltext |
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| 952 | |d 118 |j 2017 |b 1 |c 0701 |h 196-207 |g 12 | ||
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2017transfer abstract |
| publishDate |
2017 |
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10.1016/j.watres.2017.03.054 doi GBV00000000000370.pica (DE-627)ELV030198267 (ELSEVIER)S0043-1354(17)30244-0 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 333.7 320 VZ Yang, Yi verfasserin aut Degradation of sulfamethoxazole by UV, UV/H<ce:inf loc="post">2</ce:inf>O<ce:inf loc="post">2</ce:inf> and UV/persulfate (PDS): Formation of oxidation products and effect of bicarbonate 2017transfer abstract 12 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier The frequent detection of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) in wastewater and surface waters gives rise of concerns about their ecotoxicological effects and potential risks to induce antibacterial resistant genes. UV/hydrogen peroxide (UV/H2O2) and UV/persulfate (UV/PDS) advanced oxidation processes have been demonstrated to be effective for the elimination of SMX, but there is still a need for a deeper understanding of product formations. In this study, we identified and compared the transformation products of SMX in UV, UV/H2O2 and UV/PDS processes. Because of the electrophilic nature of SO4 -, the second-order rate constant for the reaction of sulfate radical (SO4 -) with the anionic form of SMX was higher than that with the neutral form, while hydroxyl radical (OH) exhibited comparable reactivity to both forms. The direct photolysis of SMX predominately occurred through cleavage of the NS bond, rearrangement of the isoxazole ring, and hydroxylation mechanisms. Hydroxylation was the dominant pathway for the reaction of OH with SMX. SO4 - favored attack on NH2 group of SMX to generate a nitro derivative and dimeric products. The presence of bicarbonate in UV/H2O2 inhibited the formation of hydroxylated products, but promoted the formation of the nitro derivative and the dimeric products. In UV/PDS, bicarbonate increased the formation of the nitro derivative and the dimeric products, but decreased the formation of the hydroxylated dimeric products. The different effect of bicarbonate on transformation products in UV/H2O2 vs. UV/PDS suggested that carbonate radical (CO3 -) oxidized SMX through the electron transfer mechanism similar to SO4 - but with less oxidation capacity. Additionally, SO4 - and CO3 - exhibited higher reactivity to the oxazole ring than the isoxazole ring of SMX. Ecotoxicity of transformation products was estimated by ECOSAR program based on the quantitative structure-activity relationship analysis as well as by experiments using Vibrio fischeri, and these results indicated that the oxidation of SO4 - or CO3 - with SMX generated more toxic products than those of OH. The frequent detection of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) in wastewater and surface waters gives rise of concerns about their ecotoxicological effects and potential risks to induce antibacterial resistant genes. UV/hydrogen peroxide (UV/H2O2) and UV/persulfate (UV/PDS) advanced oxidation processes have been demonstrated to be effective for the elimination of SMX, but there is still a need for a deeper understanding of product formations. In this study, we identified and compared the transformation products of SMX in UV, UV/H2O2 and UV/PDS processes. Because of the electrophilic nature of SO4 -, the second-order rate constant for the reaction of sulfate radical (SO4 -) with the anionic form of SMX was higher than that with the neutral form, while hydroxyl radical (OH) exhibited comparable reactivity to both forms. The direct photolysis of SMX predominately occurred through cleavage of the NS bond, rearrangement of the isoxazole ring, and hydroxylation mechanisms. Hydroxylation was the dominant pathway for the reaction of OH with SMX. SO4 - favored attack on NH2 group of SMX to generate a nitro derivative and dimeric products. The presence of bicarbonate in UV/H2O2 inhibited the formation of hydroxylated products, but promoted the formation of the nitro derivative and the dimeric products. In UV/PDS, bicarbonate increased the formation of the nitro derivative and the dimeric products, but decreased the formation of the hydroxylated dimeric products. The different effect of bicarbonate on transformation products in UV/H2O2 vs. UV/PDS suggested that carbonate radical (CO3 -) oxidized SMX through the electron transfer mechanism similar to SO4 - but with less oxidation capacity. Additionally, SO4 - and CO3 - exhibited higher reactivity to the oxazole ring than the isoxazole ring of SMX. Ecotoxicity of transformation products was estimated by ECOSAR program based on the quantitative structure-activity relationship analysis as well as by experiments using Vibrio fischeri, and these results indicated that the oxidation of SO4 - or CO3 - with SMX generated more toxic products than those of OH. Transformation products Elsevier Carbonate radical Elsevier Sulfamethoxazole Elsevier Sulfate radical Elsevier Hydroxyl radical Elsevier Lu, Xinglin oth Jiang, Jin oth Ma, Jun oth Liu, Guanqi oth Cao, Ying oth Liu, Weili oth Li, Juan oth Pang, Suyan oth Kong, Xiujuan oth Luo, Congwei oth Enthalten in Elsevier Science Pandey, Avash ELSEVIER Matches, mismatches and priorities of pathways from a climate-resilient development perspective in the mountains of Nepal 2021 a journal of the International Association on Water Quality (IAWQ) Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV006716016 volume:118 year:2017 day:1 month:07 pages:196-207 extent:12 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2017.03.054 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U AR 118 2017 1 0701 196-207 12 |
| spelling |
10.1016/j.watres.2017.03.054 doi GBV00000000000370.pica (DE-627)ELV030198267 (ELSEVIER)S0043-1354(17)30244-0 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 333.7 320 VZ Yang, Yi verfasserin aut Degradation of sulfamethoxazole by UV, UV/H<ce:inf loc="post">2</ce:inf>O<ce:inf loc="post">2</ce:inf> and UV/persulfate (PDS): Formation of oxidation products and effect of bicarbonate 2017transfer abstract 12 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier The frequent detection of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) in wastewater and surface waters gives rise of concerns about their ecotoxicological effects and potential risks to induce antibacterial resistant genes. UV/hydrogen peroxide (UV/H2O2) and UV/persulfate (UV/PDS) advanced oxidation processes have been demonstrated to be effective for the elimination of SMX, but there is still a need for a deeper understanding of product formations. In this study, we identified and compared the transformation products of SMX in UV, UV/H2O2 and UV/PDS processes. Because of the electrophilic nature of SO4 -, the second-order rate constant for the reaction of sulfate radical (SO4 -) with the anionic form of SMX was higher than that with the neutral form, while hydroxyl radical (OH) exhibited comparable reactivity to both forms. The direct photolysis of SMX predominately occurred through cleavage of the NS bond, rearrangement of the isoxazole ring, and hydroxylation mechanisms. Hydroxylation was the dominant pathway for the reaction of OH with SMX. SO4 - favored attack on NH2 group of SMX to generate a nitro derivative and dimeric products. The presence of bicarbonate in UV/H2O2 inhibited the formation of hydroxylated products, but promoted the formation of the nitro derivative and the dimeric products. In UV/PDS, bicarbonate increased the formation of the nitro derivative and the dimeric products, but decreased the formation of the hydroxylated dimeric products. The different effect of bicarbonate on transformation products in UV/H2O2 vs. UV/PDS suggested that carbonate radical (CO3 -) oxidized SMX through the electron transfer mechanism similar to SO4 - but with less oxidation capacity. Additionally, SO4 - and CO3 - exhibited higher reactivity to the oxazole ring than the isoxazole ring of SMX. Ecotoxicity of transformation products was estimated by ECOSAR program based on the quantitative structure-activity relationship analysis as well as by experiments using Vibrio fischeri, and these results indicated that the oxidation of SO4 - or CO3 - with SMX generated more toxic products than those of OH. The frequent detection of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) in wastewater and surface waters gives rise of concerns about their ecotoxicological effects and potential risks to induce antibacterial resistant genes. UV/hydrogen peroxide (UV/H2O2) and UV/persulfate (UV/PDS) advanced oxidation processes have been demonstrated to be effective for the elimination of SMX, but there is still a need for a deeper understanding of product formations. In this study, we identified and compared the transformation products of SMX in UV, UV/H2O2 and UV/PDS processes. Because of the electrophilic nature of SO4 -, the second-order rate constant for the reaction of sulfate radical (SO4 -) with the anionic form of SMX was higher than that with the neutral form, while hydroxyl radical (OH) exhibited comparable reactivity to both forms. The direct photolysis of SMX predominately occurred through cleavage of the NS bond, rearrangement of the isoxazole ring, and hydroxylation mechanisms. Hydroxylation was the dominant pathway for the reaction of OH with SMX. SO4 - favored attack on NH2 group of SMX to generate a nitro derivative and dimeric products. The presence of bicarbonate in UV/H2O2 inhibited the formation of hydroxylated products, but promoted the formation of the nitro derivative and the dimeric products. In UV/PDS, bicarbonate increased the formation of the nitro derivative and the dimeric products, but decreased the formation of the hydroxylated dimeric products. The different effect of bicarbonate on transformation products in UV/H2O2 vs. UV/PDS suggested that carbonate radical (CO3 -) oxidized SMX through the electron transfer mechanism similar to SO4 - but with less oxidation capacity. Additionally, SO4 - and CO3 - exhibited higher reactivity to the oxazole ring than the isoxazole ring of SMX. Ecotoxicity of transformation products was estimated by ECOSAR program based on the quantitative structure-activity relationship analysis as well as by experiments using Vibrio fischeri, and these results indicated that the oxidation of SO4 - or CO3 - with SMX generated more toxic products than those of OH. Transformation products Elsevier Carbonate radical Elsevier Sulfamethoxazole Elsevier Sulfate radical Elsevier Hydroxyl radical Elsevier Lu, Xinglin oth Jiang, Jin oth Ma, Jun oth Liu, Guanqi oth Cao, Ying oth Liu, Weili oth Li, Juan oth Pang, Suyan oth Kong, Xiujuan oth Luo, Congwei oth Enthalten in Elsevier Science Pandey, Avash ELSEVIER Matches, mismatches and priorities of pathways from a climate-resilient development perspective in the mountains of Nepal 2021 a journal of the International Association on Water Quality (IAWQ) Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV006716016 volume:118 year:2017 day:1 month:07 pages:196-207 extent:12 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2017.03.054 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U AR 118 2017 1 0701 196-207 12 |
| allfields_unstemmed |
10.1016/j.watres.2017.03.054 doi GBV00000000000370.pica (DE-627)ELV030198267 (ELSEVIER)S0043-1354(17)30244-0 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 333.7 320 VZ Yang, Yi verfasserin aut Degradation of sulfamethoxazole by UV, UV/H<ce:inf loc="post">2</ce:inf>O<ce:inf loc="post">2</ce:inf> and UV/persulfate (PDS): Formation of oxidation products and effect of bicarbonate 2017transfer abstract 12 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier The frequent detection of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) in wastewater and surface waters gives rise of concerns about their ecotoxicological effects and potential risks to induce antibacterial resistant genes. UV/hydrogen peroxide (UV/H2O2) and UV/persulfate (UV/PDS) advanced oxidation processes have been demonstrated to be effective for the elimination of SMX, but there is still a need for a deeper understanding of product formations. In this study, we identified and compared the transformation products of SMX in UV, UV/H2O2 and UV/PDS processes. Because of the electrophilic nature of SO4 -, the second-order rate constant for the reaction of sulfate radical (SO4 -) with the anionic form of SMX was higher than that with the neutral form, while hydroxyl radical (OH) exhibited comparable reactivity to both forms. The direct photolysis of SMX predominately occurred through cleavage of the NS bond, rearrangement of the isoxazole ring, and hydroxylation mechanisms. Hydroxylation was the dominant pathway for the reaction of OH with SMX. SO4 - favored attack on NH2 group of SMX to generate a nitro derivative and dimeric products. The presence of bicarbonate in UV/H2O2 inhibited the formation of hydroxylated products, but promoted the formation of the nitro derivative and the dimeric products. In UV/PDS, bicarbonate increased the formation of the nitro derivative and the dimeric products, but decreased the formation of the hydroxylated dimeric products. The different effect of bicarbonate on transformation products in UV/H2O2 vs. UV/PDS suggested that carbonate radical (CO3 -) oxidized SMX through the electron transfer mechanism similar to SO4 - but with less oxidation capacity. Additionally, SO4 - and CO3 - exhibited higher reactivity to the oxazole ring than the isoxazole ring of SMX. Ecotoxicity of transformation products was estimated by ECOSAR program based on the quantitative structure-activity relationship analysis as well as by experiments using Vibrio fischeri, and these results indicated that the oxidation of SO4 - or CO3 - with SMX generated more toxic products than those of OH. The frequent detection of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) in wastewater and surface waters gives rise of concerns about their ecotoxicological effects and potential risks to induce antibacterial resistant genes. UV/hydrogen peroxide (UV/H2O2) and UV/persulfate (UV/PDS) advanced oxidation processes have been demonstrated to be effective for the elimination of SMX, but there is still a need for a deeper understanding of product formations. In this study, we identified and compared the transformation products of SMX in UV, UV/H2O2 and UV/PDS processes. Because of the electrophilic nature of SO4 -, the second-order rate constant for the reaction of sulfate radical (SO4 -) with the anionic form of SMX was higher than that with the neutral form, while hydroxyl radical (OH) exhibited comparable reactivity to both forms. The direct photolysis of SMX predominately occurred through cleavage of the NS bond, rearrangement of the isoxazole ring, and hydroxylation mechanisms. Hydroxylation was the dominant pathway for the reaction of OH with SMX. SO4 - favored attack on NH2 group of SMX to generate a nitro derivative and dimeric products. The presence of bicarbonate in UV/H2O2 inhibited the formation of hydroxylated products, but promoted the formation of the nitro derivative and the dimeric products. In UV/PDS, bicarbonate increased the formation of the nitro derivative and the dimeric products, but decreased the formation of the hydroxylated dimeric products. The different effect of bicarbonate on transformation products in UV/H2O2 vs. UV/PDS suggested that carbonate radical (CO3 -) oxidized SMX through the electron transfer mechanism similar to SO4 - but with less oxidation capacity. Additionally, SO4 - and CO3 - exhibited higher reactivity to the oxazole ring than the isoxazole ring of SMX. Ecotoxicity of transformation products was estimated by ECOSAR program based on the quantitative structure-activity relationship analysis as well as by experiments using Vibrio fischeri, and these results indicated that the oxidation of SO4 - or CO3 - with SMX generated more toxic products than those of OH. Transformation products Elsevier Carbonate radical Elsevier Sulfamethoxazole Elsevier Sulfate radical Elsevier Hydroxyl radical Elsevier Lu, Xinglin oth Jiang, Jin oth Ma, Jun oth Liu, Guanqi oth Cao, Ying oth Liu, Weili oth Li, Juan oth Pang, Suyan oth Kong, Xiujuan oth Luo, Congwei oth Enthalten in Elsevier Science Pandey, Avash ELSEVIER Matches, mismatches and priorities of pathways from a climate-resilient development perspective in the mountains of Nepal 2021 a journal of the International Association on Water Quality (IAWQ) Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV006716016 volume:118 year:2017 day:1 month:07 pages:196-207 extent:12 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2017.03.054 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U AR 118 2017 1 0701 196-207 12 |
| allfieldsGer |
10.1016/j.watres.2017.03.054 doi GBV00000000000370.pica (DE-627)ELV030198267 (ELSEVIER)S0043-1354(17)30244-0 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 333.7 320 VZ Yang, Yi verfasserin aut Degradation of sulfamethoxazole by UV, UV/H<ce:inf loc="post">2</ce:inf>O<ce:inf loc="post">2</ce:inf> and UV/persulfate (PDS): Formation of oxidation products and effect of bicarbonate 2017transfer abstract 12 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier The frequent detection of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) in wastewater and surface waters gives rise of concerns about their ecotoxicological effects and potential risks to induce antibacterial resistant genes. UV/hydrogen peroxide (UV/H2O2) and UV/persulfate (UV/PDS) advanced oxidation processes have been demonstrated to be effective for the elimination of SMX, but there is still a need for a deeper understanding of product formations. In this study, we identified and compared the transformation products of SMX in UV, UV/H2O2 and UV/PDS processes. Because of the electrophilic nature of SO4 -, the second-order rate constant for the reaction of sulfate radical (SO4 -) with the anionic form of SMX was higher than that with the neutral form, while hydroxyl radical (OH) exhibited comparable reactivity to both forms. The direct photolysis of SMX predominately occurred through cleavage of the NS bond, rearrangement of the isoxazole ring, and hydroxylation mechanisms. Hydroxylation was the dominant pathway for the reaction of OH with SMX. SO4 - favored attack on NH2 group of SMX to generate a nitro derivative and dimeric products. The presence of bicarbonate in UV/H2O2 inhibited the formation of hydroxylated products, but promoted the formation of the nitro derivative and the dimeric products. In UV/PDS, bicarbonate increased the formation of the nitro derivative and the dimeric products, but decreased the formation of the hydroxylated dimeric products. The different effect of bicarbonate on transformation products in UV/H2O2 vs. UV/PDS suggested that carbonate radical (CO3 -) oxidized SMX through the electron transfer mechanism similar to SO4 - but with less oxidation capacity. Additionally, SO4 - and CO3 - exhibited higher reactivity to the oxazole ring than the isoxazole ring of SMX. Ecotoxicity of transformation products was estimated by ECOSAR program based on the quantitative structure-activity relationship analysis as well as by experiments using Vibrio fischeri, and these results indicated that the oxidation of SO4 - or CO3 - with SMX generated more toxic products than those of OH. The frequent detection of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) in wastewater and surface waters gives rise of concerns about their ecotoxicological effects and potential risks to induce antibacterial resistant genes. UV/hydrogen peroxide (UV/H2O2) and UV/persulfate (UV/PDS) advanced oxidation processes have been demonstrated to be effective for the elimination of SMX, but there is still a need for a deeper understanding of product formations. In this study, we identified and compared the transformation products of SMX in UV, UV/H2O2 and UV/PDS processes. Because of the electrophilic nature of SO4 -, the second-order rate constant for the reaction of sulfate radical (SO4 -) with the anionic form of SMX was higher than that with the neutral form, while hydroxyl radical (OH) exhibited comparable reactivity to both forms. The direct photolysis of SMX predominately occurred through cleavage of the NS bond, rearrangement of the isoxazole ring, and hydroxylation mechanisms. Hydroxylation was the dominant pathway for the reaction of OH with SMX. SO4 - favored attack on NH2 group of SMX to generate a nitro derivative and dimeric products. The presence of bicarbonate in UV/H2O2 inhibited the formation of hydroxylated products, but promoted the formation of the nitro derivative and the dimeric products. In UV/PDS, bicarbonate increased the formation of the nitro derivative and the dimeric products, but decreased the formation of the hydroxylated dimeric products. The different effect of bicarbonate on transformation products in UV/H2O2 vs. UV/PDS suggested that carbonate radical (CO3 -) oxidized SMX through the electron transfer mechanism similar to SO4 - but with less oxidation capacity. Additionally, SO4 - and CO3 - exhibited higher reactivity to the oxazole ring than the isoxazole ring of SMX. Ecotoxicity of transformation products was estimated by ECOSAR program based on the quantitative structure-activity relationship analysis as well as by experiments using Vibrio fischeri, and these results indicated that the oxidation of SO4 - or CO3 - with SMX generated more toxic products than those of OH. Transformation products Elsevier Carbonate radical Elsevier Sulfamethoxazole Elsevier Sulfate radical Elsevier Hydroxyl radical Elsevier Lu, Xinglin oth Jiang, Jin oth Ma, Jun oth Liu, Guanqi oth Cao, Ying oth Liu, Weili oth Li, Juan oth Pang, Suyan oth Kong, Xiujuan oth Luo, Congwei oth Enthalten in Elsevier Science Pandey, Avash ELSEVIER Matches, mismatches and priorities of pathways from a climate-resilient development perspective in the mountains of Nepal 2021 a journal of the International Association on Water Quality (IAWQ) Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV006716016 volume:118 year:2017 day:1 month:07 pages:196-207 extent:12 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2017.03.054 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U AR 118 2017 1 0701 196-207 12 |
| allfieldsSound |
10.1016/j.watres.2017.03.054 doi GBV00000000000370.pica (DE-627)ELV030198267 (ELSEVIER)S0043-1354(17)30244-0 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 333.7 320 VZ Yang, Yi verfasserin aut Degradation of sulfamethoxazole by UV, UV/H<ce:inf loc="post">2</ce:inf>O<ce:inf loc="post">2</ce:inf> and UV/persulfate (PDS): Formation of oxidation products and effect of bicarbonate 2017transfer abstract 12 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier The frequent detection of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) in wastewater and surface waters gives rise of concerns about their ecotoxicological effects and potential risks to induce antibacterial resistant genes. UV/hydrogen peroxide (UV/H2O2) and UV/persulfate (UV/PDS) advanced oxidation processes have been demonstrated to be effective for the elimination of SMX, but there is still a need for a deeper understanding of product formations. In this study, we identified and compared the transformation products of SMX in UV, UV/H2O2 and UV/PDS processes. Because of the electrophilic nature of SO4 -, the second-order rate constant for the reaction of sulfate radical (SO4 -) with the anionic form of SMX was higher than that with the neutral form, while hydroxyl radical (OH) exhibited comparable reactivity to both forms. The direct photolysis of SMX predominately occurred through cleavage of the NS bond, rearrangement of the isoxazole ring, and hydroxylation mechanisms. Hydroxylation was the dominant pathway for the reaction of OH with SMX. SO4 - favored attack on NH2 group of SMX to generate a nitro derivative and dimeric products. The presence of bicarbonate in UV/H2O2 inhibited the formation of hydroxylated products, but promoted the formation of the nitro derivative and the dimeric products. In UV/PDS, bicarbonate increased the formation of the nitro derivative and the dimeric products, but decreased the formation of the hydroxylated dimeric products. The different effect of bicarbonate on transformation products in UV/H2O2 vs. UV/PDS suggested that carbonate radical (CO3 -) oxidized SMX through the electron transfer mechanism similar to SO4 - but with less oxidation capacity. Additionally, SO4 - and CO3 - exhibited higher reactivity to the oxazole ring than the isoxazole ring of SMX. Ecotoxicity of transformation products was estimated by ECOSAR program based on the quantitative structure-activity relationship analysis as well as by experiments using Vibrio fischeri, and these results indicated that the oxidation of SO4 - or CO3 - with SMX generated more toxic products than those of OH. The frequent detection of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) in wastewater and surface waters gives rise of concerns about their ecotoxicological effects and potential risks to induce antibacterial resistant genes. UV/hydrogen peroxide (UV/H2O2) and UV/persulfate (UV/PDS) advanced oxidation processes have been demonstrated to be effective for the elimination of SMX, but there is still a need for a deeper understanding of product formations. In this study, we identified and compared the transformation products of SMX in UV, UV/H2O2 and UV/PDS processes. Because of the electrophilic nature of SO4 -, the second-order rate constant for the reaction of sulfate radical (SO4 -) with the anionic form of SMX was higher than that with the neutral form, while hydroxyl radical (OH) exhibited comparable reactivity to both forms. The direct photolysis of SMX predominately occurred through cleavage of the NS bond, rearrangement of the isoxazole ring, and hydroxylation mechanisms. Hydroxylation was the dominant pathway for the reaction of OH with SMX. SO4 - favored attack on NH2 group of SMX to generate a nitro derivative and dimeric products. The presence of bicarbonate in UV/H2O2 inhibited the formation of hydroxylated products, but promoted the formation of the nitro derivative and the dimeric products. In UV/PDS, bicarbonate increased the formation of the nitro derivative and the dimeric products, but decreased the formation of the hydroxylated dimeric products. The different effect of bicarbonate on transformation products in UV/H2O2 vs. UV/PDS suggested that carbonate radical (CO3 -) oxidized SMX through the electron transfer mechanism similar to SO4 - but with less oxidation capacity. Additionally, SO4 - and CO3 - exhibited higher reactivity to the oxazole ring than the isoxazole ring of SMX. Ecotoxicity of transformation products was estimated by ECOSAR program based on the quantitative structure-activity relationship analysis as well as by experiments using Vibrio fischeri, and these results indicated that the oxidation of SO4 - or CO3 - with SMX generated more toxic products than those of OH. Transformation products Elsevier Carbonate radical Elsevier Sulfamethoxazole Elsevier Sulfate radical Elsevier Hydroxyl radical Elsevier Lu, Xinglin oth Jiang, Jin oth Ma, Jun oth Liu, Guanqi oth Cao, Ying oth Liu, Weili oth Li, Juan oth Pang, Suyan oth Kong, Xiujuan oth Luo, Congwei oth Enthalten in Elsevier Science Pandey, Avash ELSEVIER Matches, mismatches and priorities of pathways from a climate-resilient development perspective in the mountains of Nepal 2021 a journal of the International Association on Water Quality (IAWQ) Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV006716016 volume:118 year:2017 day:1 month:07 pages:196-207 extent:12 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2017.03.054 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U AR 118 2017 1 0701 196-207 12 |
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Degradation of sulfamethoxazole by UV, UV/H<ce:inf loc="post">2</ce:inf>O<ce:inf loc="post">2</ce:inf> and UV/persulfate (PDS): Formation of oxidation products and effect of bicarbonate |
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The frequent detection of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) in wastewater and surface waters gives rise of concerns about their ecotoxicological effects and potential risks to induce antibacterial resistant genes. UV/hydrogen peroxide (UV/H2O2) and UV/persulfate (UV/PDS) advanced oxidation processes have been demonstrated to be effective for the elimination of SMX, but there is still a need for a deeper understanding of product formations. In this study, we identified and compared the transformation products of SMX in UV, UV/H2O2 and UV/PDS processes. Because of the electrophilic nature of SO4 -, the second-order rate constant for the reaction of sulfate radical (SO4 -) with the anionic form of SMX was higher than that with the neutral form, while hydroxyl radical (OH) exhibited comparable reactivity to both forms. The direct photolysis of SMX predominately occurred through cleavage of the NS bond, rearrangement of the isoxazole ring, and hydroxylation mechanisms. Hydroxylation was the dominant pathway for the reaction of OH with SMX. SO4 - favored attack on NH2 group of SMX to generate a nitro derivative and dimeric products. The presence of bicarbonate in UV/H2O2 inhibited the formation of hydroxylated products, but promoted the formation of the nitro derivative and the dimeric products. In UV/PDS, bicarbonate increased the formation of the nitro derivative and the dimeric products, but decreased the formation of the hydroxylated dimeric products. The different effect of bicarbonate on transformation products in UV/H2O2 vs. UV/PDS suggested that carbonate radical (CO3 -) oxidized SMX through the electron transfer mechanism similar to SO4 - but with less oxidation capacity. Additionally, SO4 - and CO3 - exhibited higher reactivity to the oxazole ring than the isoxazole ring of SMX. Ecotoxicity of transformation products was estimated by ECOSAR program based on the quantitative structure-activity relationship analysis as well as by experiments using Vibrio fischeri, and these results indicated that the oxidation of SO4 - or CO3 - with SMX generated more toxic products than those of OH. |
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The frequent detection of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) in wastewater and surface waters gives rise of concerns about their ecotoxicological effects and potential risks to induce antibacterial resistant genes. UV/hydrogen peroxide (UV/H2O2) and UV/persulfate (UV/PDS) advanced oxidation processes have been demonstrated to be effective for the elimination of SMX, but there is still a need for a deeper understanding of product formations. In this study, we identified and compared the transformation products of SMX in UV, UV/H2O2 and UV/PDS processes. Because of the electrophilic nature of SO4 -, the second-order rate constant for the reaction of sulfate radical (SO4 -) with the anionic form of SMX was higher than that with the neutral form, while hydroxyl radical (OH) exhibited comparable reactivity to both forms. The direct photolysis of SMX predominately occurred through cleavage of the NS bond, rearrangement of the isoxazole ring, and hydroxylation mechanisms. Hydroxylation was the dominant pathway for the reaction of OH with SMX. SO4 - favored attack on NH2 group of SMX to generate a nitro derivative and dimeric products. The presence of bicarbonate in UV/H2O2 inhibited the formation of hydroxylated products, but promoted the formation of the nitro derivative and the dimeric products. In UV/PDS, bicarbonate increased the formation of the nitro derivative and the dimeric products, but decreased the formation of the hydroxylated dimeric products. The different effect of bicarbonate on transformation products in UV/H2O2 vs. UV/PDS suggested that carbonate radical (CO3 -) oxidized SMX through the electron transfer mechanism similar to SO4 - but with less oxidation capacity. Additionally, SO4 - and CO3 - exhibited higher reactivity to the oxazole ring than the isoxazole ring of SMX. Ecotoxicity of transformation products was estimated by ECOSAR program based on the quantitative structure-activity relationship analysis as well as by experiments using Vibrio fischeri, and these results indicated that the oxidation of SO4 - or CO3 - with SMX generated more toxic products than those of OH. |
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The frequent detection of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) in wastewater and surface waters gives rise of concerns about their ecotoxicological effects and potential risks to induce antibacterial resistant genes. UV/hydrogen peroxide (UV/H2O2) and UV/persulfate (UV/PDS) advanced oxidation processes have been demonstrated to be effective for the elimination of SMX, but there is still a need for a deeper understanding of product formations. In this study, we identified and compared the transformation products of SMX in UV, UV/H2O2 and UV/PDS processes. Because of the electrophilic nature of SO4 -, the second-order rate constant for the reaction of sulfate radical (SO4 -) with the anionic form of SMX was higher than that with the neutral form, while hydroxyl radical (OH) exhibited comparable reactivity to both forms. The direct photolysis of SMX predominately occurred through cleavage of the NS bond, rearrangement of the isoxazole ring, and hydroxylation mechanisms. Hydroxylation was the dominant pathway for the reaction of OH with SMX. SO4 - favored attack on NH2 group of SMX to generate a nitro derivative and dimeric products. The presence of bicarbonate in UV/H2O2 inhibited the formation of hydroxylated products, but promoted the formation of the nitro derivative and the dimeric products. In UV/PDS, bicarbonate increased the formation of the nitro derivative and the dimeric products, but decreased the formation of the hydroxylated dimeric products. The different effect of bicarbonate on transformation products in UV/H2O2 vs. UV/PDS suggested that carbonate radical (CO3 -) oxidized SMX through the electron transfer mechanism similar to SO4 - but with less oxidation capacity. Additionally, SO4 - and CO3 - exhibited higher reactivity to the oxazole ring than the isoxazole ring of SMX. Ecotoxicity of transformation products was estimated by ECOSAR program based on the quantitative structure-activity relationship analysis as well as by experiments using Vibrio fischeri, and these results indicated that the oxidation of SO4 - or CO3 - with SMX generated more toxic products than those of OH. |
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim"><record><leader>01000caa a22002652 4500</leader><controlfield tag="001">ELV030198267</controlfield><controlfield tag="003">DE-627</controlfield><controlfield tag="005">20230625180942.0</controlfield><controlfield tag="007">cr uuu---uuuuu</controlfield><controlfield tag="008">180603s2017 xx |||||o 00| ||eng c</controlfield><datafield tag="024" ind1="7" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">10.1016/j.watres.2017.03.054</subfield><subfield code="2">doi</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="028" ind1="5" ind2="2"><subfield code="a">GBV00000000000370.pica</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-627)ELV030198267</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(ELSEVIER)S0043-1354(17)30244-0</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="040" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-627</subfield><subfield code="b">ger</subfield><subfield code="c">DE-627</subfield><subfield code="e">rakwb</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="041" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">eng</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="082" ind1="0" ind2="4"><subfield code="a">333.7</subfield><subfield code="a">320</subfield><subfield code="q">VZ</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="100" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Yang, Yi</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Degradation of sulfamethoxazole by UV, UV/H<ce:inf loc="post">2</ce:inf>O<ce:inf loc="post">2</ce:inf> and UV/persulfate (PDS): Formation of oxidation products and effect of bicarbonate</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="c">2017transfer abstract</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="300" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">12</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">nicht spezifiziert</subfield><subfield code="b">zzz</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">nicht spezifiziert</subfield><subfield code="b">z</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">nicht spezifiziert</subfield><subfield code="b">zu</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">The frequent detection of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) in wastewater and surface waters gives rise of concerns about their ecotoxicological effects and potential risks to induce antibacterial resistant genes. UV/hydrogen peroxide (UV/H2O2) and UV/persulfate (UV/PDS) advanced oxidation processes have been demonstrated to be effective for the elimination of SMX, but there is still a need for a deeper understanding of product formations. In this study, we identified and compared the transformation products of SMX in UV, UV/H2O2 and UV/PDS processes. Because of the electrophilic nature of SO4 -, the second-order rate constant for the reaction of sulfate radical (SO4 -) with the anionic form of SMX was higher than that with the neutral form, while hydroxyl radical (OH) exhibited comparable reactivity to both forms. The direct photolysis of SMX predominately occurred through cleavage of the NS bond, rearrangement of the isoxazole ring, and hydroxylation mechanisms. Hydroxylation was the dominant pathway for the reaction of OH with SMX. SO4 - favored attack on NH2 group of SMX to generate a nitro derivative and dimeric products. The presence of bicarbonate in UV/H2O2 inhibited the formation of hydroxylated products, but promoted the formation of the nitro derivative and the dimeric products. In UV/PDS, bicarbonate increased the formation of the nitro derivative and the dimeric products, but decreased the formation of the hydroxylated dimeric products. The different effect of bicarbonate on transformation products in UV/H2O2 vs. UV/PDS suggested that carbonate radical (CO3 -) oxidized SMX through the electron transfer mechanism similar to SO4 - but with less oxidation capacity. Additionally, SO4 - and CO3 - exhibited higher reactivity to the oxazole ring than the isoxazole ring of SMX. Ecotoxicity of transformation products was estimated by ECOSAR program based on the quantitative structure-activity relationship analysis as well as by experiments using Vibrio fischeri, and these results indicated that the oxidation of SO4 - or CO3 - with SMX generated more toxic products than those of OH.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">The frequent detection of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) in wastewater and surface waters gives rise of concerns about their ecotoxicological effects and potential risks to induce antibacterial resistant genes. UV/hydrogen peroxide (UV/H2O2) and UV/persulfate (UV/PDS) advanced oxidation processes have been demonstrated to be effective for the elimination of SMX, but there is still a need for a deeper understanding of product formations. In this study, we identified and compared the transformation products of SMX in UV, UV/H2O2 and UV/PDS processes. Because of the electrophilic nature of SO4 -, the second-order rate constant for the reaction of sulfate radical (SO4 -) with the anionic form of SMX was higher than that with the neutral form, while hydroxyl radical (OH) exhibited comparable reactivity to both forms. The direct photolysis of SMX predominately occurred through cleavage of the NS bond, rearrangement of the isoxazole ring, and hydroxylation mechanisms. Hydroxylation was the dominant pathway for the reaction of OH with SMX. SO4 - favored attack on NH2 group of SMX to generate a nitro derivative and dimeric products. The presence of bicarbonate in UV/H2O2 inhibited the formation of hydroxylated products, but promoted the formation of the nitro derivative and the dimeric products. In UV/PDS, bicarbonate increased the formation of the nitro derivative and the dimeric products, but decreased the formation of the hydroxylated dimeric products. The different effect of bicarbonate on transformation products in UV/H2O2 vs. UV/PDS suggested that carbonate radical (CO3 -) oxidized SMX through the electron transfer mechanism similar to SO4 - but with less oxidation capacity. Additionally, SO4 - and CO3 - exhibited higher reactivity to the oxazole ring than the isoxazole ring of SMX. Ecotoxicity of transformation products was estimated by ECOSAR program based on the quantitative structure-activity relationship analysis as well as by experiments using Vibrio fischeri, and these results indicated that the oxidation of SO4 - or CO3 - with SMX generated more toxic products than those of OH.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Transformation products</subfield><subfield code="2">Elsevier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Carbonate radical</subfield><subfield code="2">Elsevier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Sulfamethoxazole</subfield><subfield code="2">Elsevier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Sulfate radical</subfield><subfield code="2">Elsevier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Hydroxyl radical</subfield><subfield code="2">Elsevier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Lu, Xinglin</subfield><subfield code="4">oth</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Jiang, Jin</subfield><subfield code="4">oth</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Ma, Jun</subfield><subfield code="4">oth</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Liu, Guanqi</subfield><subfield code="4">oth</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Cao, Ying</subfield><subfield code="4">oth</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Liu, Weili</subfield><subfield code="4">oth</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Li, Juan</subfield><subfield code="4">oth</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Pang, Suyan</subfield><subfield code="4">oth</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Kong, Xiujuan</subfield><subfield code="4">oth</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Luo, Congwei</subfield><subfield code="4">oth</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="773" ind1="0" ind2="8"><subfield code="i">Enthalten in</subfield><subfield code="n">Elsevier Science</subfield><subfield code="a">Pandey, Avash ELSEVIER</subfield><subfield code="t">Matches, mismatches and priorities of pathways from a climate-resilient development perspective in the mountains of Nepal</subfield><subfield code="d">2021</subfield><subfield code="d">a journal of the International Association on Water Quality (IAWQ)</subfield><subfield code="g">Amsterdam [u.a.]</subfield><subfield code="w">(DE-627)ELV006716016</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="773" ind1="1" ind2="8"><subfield code="g">volume:118</subfield><subfield code="g">year:2017</subfield><subfield code="g">day:1</subfield><subfield code="g">month:07</subfield><subfield code="g">pages:196-207</subfield><subfield code="g">extent:12</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="0"><subfield code="u">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2017.03.054</subfield><subfield code="3">Volltext</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_USEFLAG_U</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ELV</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">SYSFLAG_U</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="951" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">AR</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="952" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="d">118</subfield><subfield code="j">2017</subfield><subfield code="b">1</subfield><subfield code="c">0701</subfield><subfield code="h">196-207</subfield><subfield code="g">12</subfield></datafield></record></collection>
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