To con protection: TIR-domain containing proteins (Tcp) and innate immune evasion
The innate immune system provides the host's first line of defence against invading pathogens. Key to the stimulation of the innate immune response is pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs), such as Toll-like receptors (TLRs), which recognize microbial-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs). Bindi...
Ausführliche Beschreibung
Autor*in: |
Patterson, Nicholas J. [verfasserIn] |
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Englisch |
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2013transfer abstract |
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8 |
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Übergeordnetes Werk: |
Enthalten in: Mo1377 Safety and Effectiveness of Colorectal Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection in Elderly Patients: Clinical Outcomes Including Long-Term Follow-up - 2012, an international journal dealing with the study of veterinary immunology and immunopathology as applied to domestic animals, laboratory animals and other species that are useful to man, Amsterdam [u.a.] |
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Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:155 ; year:2013 ; number:3 ; day:15 ; month:09 ; pages:147-154 ; extent:8 |
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DOI / URN: |
10.1016/j.vetimm.2013.06.017 |
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520 | |a The innate immune system provides the host's first line of defence against invading pathogens. Key to the stimulation of the innate immune response is pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs), such as Toll-like receptors (TLRs), which recognize microbial-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs). Binding of MAMPs to TLRs triggers a signalling cascade resulting in the production of pro-inflammatory mediators. Central to this TLR signalling pathway are heterotypic protein–protein interactions mediated through Toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) domains found in both the cytoplasmic regions of TLRs and several key adaptor proteins. Interestingly, TIR-domain containing proteins (Tcps) do not seem to be unique to the mammalian TLR system, but occurs in abundance in many biological forms. Recent evidence suggests that pathogenic bacteria have developed a range of ingenuous strategies to evade the host immune mechanisms involving Tcps. There is increasing evidence to suggest that these pathogen-encoded Tcps interfere directly with the TLR signalling pathway and thus inhibit the activation of NF-κB, with different modes of action and roles in virulence. Here, we review the current state of knowledge on the possible roles and mechanisms of action of bacterial encoded Tcp. | ||
520 | |a The innate immune system provides the host's first line of defence against invading pathogens. Key to the stimulation of the innate immune response is pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs), such as Toll-like receptors (TLRs), which recognize microbial-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs). Binding of MAMPs to TLRs triggers a signalling cascade resulting in the production of pro-inflammatory mediators. Central to this TLR signalling pathway are heterotypic protein–protein interactions mediated through Toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) domains found in both the cytoplasmic regions of TLRs and several key adaptor proteins. Interestingly, TIR-domain containing proteins (Tcps) do not seem to be unique to the mammalian TLR system, but occurs in abundance in many biological forms. Recent evidence suggests that pathogenic bacteria have developed a range of ingenuous strategies to evade the host immune mechanisms involving Tcps. There is increasing evidence to suggest that these pathogen-encoded Tcps interfere directly with the TLR signalling pathway and thus inhibit the activation of NF-κB, with different modes of action and roles in virulence. Here, we review the current state of knowledge on the possible roles and mechanisms of action of bacterial encoded Tcp. | ||
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10.1016/j.vetimm.2013.06.017 doi GBVA2013004000008.pica (DE-627)ELV032834284 (ELSEVIER)S0165-2427(13)00199-2 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 630 630 DE-600 610 VZ 600 670 VZ 51.00 bkl Patterson, Nicholas J. verfasserin aut To con protection: TIR-domain containing proteins (Tcp) and innate immune evasion 2013transfer abstract 8 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier The innate immune system provides the host's first line of defence against invading pathogens. Key to the stimulation of the innate immune response is pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs), such as Toll-like receptors (TLRs), which recognize microbial-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs). Binding of MAMPs to TLRs triggers a signalling cascade resulting in the production of pro-inflammatory mediators. Central to this TLR signalling pathway are heterotypic protein–protein interactions mediated through Toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) domains found in both the cytoplasmic regions of TLRs and several key adaptor proteins. Interestingly, TIR-domain containing proteins (Tcps) do not seem to be unique to the mammalian TLR system, but occurs in abundance in many biological forms. Recent evidence suggests that pathogenic bacteria have developed a range of ingenuous strategies to evade the host immune mechanisms involving Tcps. There is increasing evidence to suggest that these pathogen-encoded Tcps interfere directly with the TLR signalling pathway and thus inhibit the activation of NF-κB, with different modes of action and roles in virulence. Here, we review the current state of knowledge on the possible roles and mechanisms of action of bacterial encoded Tcp. The innate immune system provides the host's first line of defence against invading pathogens. Key to the stimulation of the innate immune response is pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs), such as Toll-like receptors (TLRs), which recognize microbial-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs). Binding of MAMPs to TLRs triggers a signalling cascade resulting in the production of pro-inflammatory mediators. Central to this TLR signalling pathway are heterotypic protein–protein interactions mediated through Toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) domains found in both the cytoplasmic regions of TLRs and several key adaptor proteins. Interestingly, TIR-domain containing proteins (Tcps) do not seem to be unique to the mammalian TLR system, but occurs in abundance in many biological forms. Recent evidence suggests that pathogenic bacteria have developed a range of ingenuous strategies to evade the host immune mechanisms involving Tcps. There is increasing evidence to suggest that these pathogen-encoded Tcps interfere directly with the TLR signalling pathway and thus inhibit the activation of NF-κB, with different modes of action and roles in virulence. Here, we review the current state of knowledge on the possible roles and mechanisms of action of bacterial encoded Tcp. Tcp Elsevier TIR-domain containing protein Elsevier TLR signalling pathway Elsevier Innate Immunity Elsevier TIR domain Elsevier Werling, Dirk oth Enthalten in Elsevier Science Mo1377 Safety and Effectiveness of Colorectal Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection in Elderly Patients: Clinical Outcomes Including Long-Term Follow-up 2012 an international journal dealing with the study of veterinary immunology and immunopathology as applied to domestic animals, laboratory animals and other species that are useful to man Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV011273445 volume:155 year:2013 number:3 day:15 month:09 pages:147-154 extent:8 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetimm.2013.06.017 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U GBV_ILN_21 GBV_ILN_70 51.00 Werkstoffkunde: Allgemeines VZ AR 155 2013 3 15 0915 147-154 8 045F 630 |
spelling |
10.1016/j.vetimm.2013.06.017 doi GBVA2013004000008.pica (DE-627)ELV032834284 (ELSEVIER)S0165-2427(13)00199-2 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 630 630 DE-600 610 VZ 600 670 VZ 51.00 bkl Patterson, Nicholas J. verfasserin aut To con protection: TIR-domain containing proteins (Tcp) and innate immune evasion 2013transfer abstract 8 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier The innate immune system provides the host's first line of defence against invading pathogens. Key to the stimulation of the innate immune response is pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs), such as Toll-like receptors (TLRs), which recognize microbial-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs). Binding of MAMPs to TLRs triggers a signalling cascade resulting in the production of pro-inflammatory mediators. Central to this TLR signalling pathway are heterotypic protein–protein interactions mediated through Toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) domains found in both the cytoplasmic regions of TLRs and several key adaptor proteins. Interestingly, TIR-domain containing proteins (Tcps) do not seem to be unique to the mammalian TLR system, but occurs in abundance in many biological forms. Recent evidence suggests that pathogenic bacteria have developed a range of ingenuous strategies to evade the host immune mechanisms involving Tcps. There is increasing evidence to suggest that these pathogen-encoded Tcps interfere directly with the TLR signalling pathway and thus inhibit the activation of NF-κB, with different modes of action and roles in virulence. Here, we review the current state of knowledge on the possible roles and mechanisms of action of bacterial encoded Tcp. The innate immune system provides the host's first line of defence against invading pathogens. Key to the stimulation of the innate immune response is pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs), such as Toll-like receptors (TLRs), which recognize microbial-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs). Binding of MAMPs to TLRs triggers a signalling cascade resulting in the production of pro-inflammatory mediators. Central to this TLR signalling pathway are heterotypic protein–protein interactions mediated through Toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) domains found in both the cytoplasmic regions of TLRs and several key adaptor proteins. Interestingly, TIR-domain containing proteins (Tcps) do not seem to be unique to the mammalian TLR system, but occurs in abundance in many biological forms. Recent evidence suggests that pathogenic bacteria have developed a range of ingenuous strategies to evade the host immune mechanisms involving Tcps. There is increasing evidence to suggest that these pathogen-encoded Tcps interfere directly with the TLR signalling pathway and thus inhibit the activation of NF-κB, with different modes of action and roles in virulence. Here, we review the current state of knowledge on the possible roles and mechanisms of action of bacterial encoded Tcp. Tcp Elsevier TIR-domain containing protein Elsevier TLR signalling pathway Elsevier Innate Immunity Elsevier TIR domain Elsevier Werling, Dirk oth Enthalten in Elsevier Science Mo1377 Safety and Effectiveness of Colorectal Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection in Elderly Patients: Clinical Outcomes Including Long-Term Follow-up 2012 an international journal dealing with the study of veterinary immunology and immunopathology as applied to domestic animals, laboratory animals and other species that are useful to man Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV011273445 volume:155 year:2013 number:3 day:15 month:09 pages:147-154 extent:8 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetimm.2013.06.017 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U GBV_ILN_21 GBV_ILN_70 51.00 Werkstoffkunde: Allgemeines VZ AR 155 2013 3 15 0915 147-154 8 045F 630 |
allfields_unstemmed |
10.1016/j.vetimm.2013.06.017 doi GBVA2013004000008.pica (DE-627)ELV032834284 (ELSEVIER)S0165-2427(13)00199-2 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 630 630 DE-600 610 VZ 600 670 VZ 51.00 bkl Patterson, Nicholas J. verfasserin aut To con protection: TIR-domain containing proteins (Tcp) and innate immune evasion 2013transfer abstract 8 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier The innate immune system provides the host's first line of defence against invading pathogens. Key to the stimulation of the innate immune response is pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs), such as Toll-like receptors (TLRs), which recognize microbial-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs). Binding of MAMPs to TLRs triggers a signalling cascade resulting in the production of pro-inflammatory mediators. Central to this TLR signalling pathway are heterotypic protein–protein interactions mediated through Toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) domains found in both the cytoplasmic regions of TLRs and several key adaptor proteins. Interestingly, TIR-domain containing proteins (Tcps) do not seem to be unique to the mammalian TLR system, but occurs in abundance in many biological forms. Recent evidence suggests that pathogenic bacteria have developed a range of ingenuous strategies to evade the host immune mechanisms involving Tcps. There is increasing evidence to suggest that these pathogen-encoded Tcps interfere directly with the TLR signalling pathway and thus inhibit the activation of NF-κB, with different modes of action and roles in virulence. Here, we review the current state of knowledge on the possible roles and mechanisms of action of bacterial encoded Tcp. The innate immune system provides the host's first line of defence against invading pathogens. Key to the stimulation of the innate immune response is pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs), such as Toll-like receptors (TLRs), which recognize microbial-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs). Binding of MAMPs to TLRs triggers a signalling cascade resulting in the production of pro-inflammatory mediators. Central to this TLR signalling pathway are heterotypic protein–protein interactions mediated through Toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) domains found in both the cytoplasmic regions of TLRs and several key adaptor proteins. Interestingly, TIR-domain containing proteins (Tcps) do not seem to be unique to the mammalian TLR system, but occurs in abundance in many biological forms. Recent evidence suggests that pathogenic bacteria have developed a range of ingenuous strategies to evade the host immune mechanisms involving Tcps. There is increasing evidence to suggest that these pathogen-encoded Tcps interfere directly with the TLR signalling pathway and thus inhibit the activation of NF-κB, with different modes of action and roles in virulence. Here, we review the current state of knowledge on the possible roles and mechanisms of action of bacterial encoded Tcp. Tcp Elsevier TIR-domain containing protein Elsevier TLR signalling pathway Elsevier Innate Immunity Elsevier TIR domain Elsevier Werling, Dirk oth Enthalten in Elsevier Science Mo1377 Safety and Effectiveness of Colorectal Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection in Elderly Patients: Clinical Outcomes Including Long-Term Follow-up 2012 an international journal dealing with the study of veterinary immunology and immunopathology as applied to domestic animals, laboratory animals and other species that are useful to man Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV011273445 volume:155 year:2013 number:3 day:15 month:09 pages:147-154 extent:8 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetimm.2013.06.017 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U GBV_ILN_21 GBV_ILN_70 51.00 Werkstoffkunde: Allgemeines VZ AR 155 2013 3 15 0915 147-154 8 045F 630 |
allfieldsGer |
10.1016/j.vetimm.2013.06.017 doi GBVA2013004000008.pica (DE-627)ELV032834284 (ELSEVIER)S0165-2427(13)00199-2 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 630 630 DE-600 610 VZ 600 670 VZ 51.00 bkl Patterson, Nicholas J. verfasserin aut To con protection: TIR-domain containing proteins (Tcp) and innate immune evasion 2013transfer abstract 8 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier The innate immune system provides the host's first line of defence against invading pathogens. Key to the stimulation of the innate immune response is pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs), such as Toll-like receptors (TLRs), which recognize microbial-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs). Binding of MAMPs to TLRs triggers a signalling cascade resulting in the production of pro-inflammatory mediators. Central to this TLR signalling pathway are heterotypic protein–protein interactions mediated through Toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) domains found in both the cytoplasmic regions of TLRs and several key adaptor proteins. Interestingly, TIR-domain containing proteins (Tcps) do not seem to be unique to the mammalian TLR system, but occurs in abundance in many biological forms. Recent evidence suggests that pathogenic bacteria have developed a range of ingenuous strategies to evade the host immune mechanisms involving Tcps. There is increasing evidence to suggest that these pathogen-encoded Tcps interfere directly with the TLR signalling pathway and thus inhibit the activation of NF-κB, with different modes of action and roles in virulence. Here, we review the current state of knowledge on the possible roles and mechanisms of action of bacterial encoded Tcp. The innate immune system provides the host's first line of defence against invading pathogens. Key to the stimulation of the innate immune response is pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs), such as Toll-like receptors (TLRs), which recognize microbial-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs). Binding of MAMPs to TLRs triggers a signalling cascade resulting in the production of pro-inflammatory mediators. Central to this TLR signalling pathway are heterotypic protein–protein interactions mediated through Toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) domains found in both the cytoplasmic regions of TLRs and several key adaptor proteins. Interestingly, TIR-domain containing proteins (Tcps) do not seem to be unique to the mammalian TLR system, but occurs in abundance in many biological forms. Recent evidence suggests that pathogenic bacteria have developed a range of ingenuous strategies to evade the host immune mechanisms involving Tcps. There is increasing evidence to suggest that these pathogen-encoded Tcps interfere directly with the TLR signalling pathway and thus inhibit the activation of NF-κB, with different modes of action and roles in virulence. Here, we review the current state of knowledge on the possible roles and mechanisms of action of bacterial encoded Tcp. Tcp Elsevier TIR-domain containing protein Elsevier TLR signalling pathway Elsevier Innate Immunity Elsevier TIR domain Elsevier Werling, Dirk oth Enthalten in Elsevier Science Mo1377 Safety and Effectiveness of Colorectal Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection in Elderly Patients: Clinical Outcomes Including Long-Term Follow-up 2012 an international journal dealing with the study of veterinary immunology and immunopathology as applied to domestic animals, laboratory animals and other species that are useful to man Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV011273445 volume:155 year:2013 number:3 day:15 month:09 pages:147-154 extent:8 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetimm.2013.06.017 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U GBV_ILN_21 GBV_ILN_70 51.00 Werkstoffkunde: Allgemeines VZ AR 155 2013 3 15 0915 147-154 8 045F 630 |
allfieldsSound |
10.1016/j.vetimm.2013.06.017 doi GBVA2013004000008.pica (DE-627)ELV032834284 (ELSEVIER)S0165-2427(13)00199-2 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 630 630 DE-600 610 VZ 600 670 VZ 51.00 bkl Patterson, Nicholas J. verfasserin aut To con protection: TIR-domain containing proteins (Tcp) and innate immune evasion 2013transfer abstract 8 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier The innate immune system provides the host's first line of defence against invading pathogens. Key to the stimulation of the innate immune response is pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs), such as Toll-like receptors (TLRs), which recognize microbial-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs). Binding of MAMPs to TLRs triggers a signalling cascade resulting in the production of pro-inflammatory mediators. Central to this TLR signalling pathway are heterotypic protein–protein interactions mediated through Toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) domains found in both the cytoplasmic regions of TLRs and several key adaptor proteins. Interestingly, TIR-domain containing proteins (Tcps) do not seem to be unique to the mammalian TLR system, but occurs in abundance in many biological forms. Recent evidence suggests that pathogenic bacteria have developed a range of ingenuous strategies to evade the host immune mechanisms involving Tcps. There is increasing evidence to suggest that these pathogen-encoded Tcps interfere directly with the TLR signalling pathway and thus inhibit the activation of NF-κB, with different modes of action and roles in virulence. Here, we review the current state of knowledge on the possible roles and mechanisms of action of bacterial encoded Tcp. The innate immune system provides the host's first line of defence against invading pathogens. Key to the stimulation of the innate immune response is pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs), such as Toll-like receptors (TLRs), which recognize microbial-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs). Binding of MAMPs to TLRs triggers a signalling cascade resulting in the production of pro-inflammatory mediators. Central to this TLR signalling pathway are heterotypic protein–protein interactions mediated through Toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) domains found in both the cytoplasmic regions of TLRs and several key adaptor proteins. Interestingly, TIR-domain containing proteins (Tcps) do not seem to be unique to the mammalian TLR system, but occurs in abundance in many biological forms. Recent evidence suggests that pathogenic bacteria have developed a range of ingenuous strategies to evade the host immune mechanisms involving Tcps. There is increasing evidence to suggest that these pathogen-encoded Tcps interfere directly with the TLR signalling pathway and thus inhibit the activation of NF-κB, with different modes of action and roles in virulence. Here, we review the current state of knowledge on the possible roles and mechanisms of action of bacterial encoded Tcp. Tcp Elsevier TIR-domain containing protein Elsevier TLR signalling pathway Elsevier Innate Immunity Elsevier TIR domain Elsevier Werling, Dirk oth Enthalten in Elsevier Science Mo1377 Safety and Effectiveness of Colorectal Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection in Elderly Patients: Clinical Outcomes Including Long-Term Follow-up 2012 an international journal dealing with the study of veterinary immunology and immunopathology as applied to domestic animals, laboratory animals and other species that are useful to man Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV011273445 volume:155 year:2013 number:3 day:15 month:09 pages:147-154 extent:8 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetimm.2013.06.017 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U GBV_ILN_21 GBV_ILN_70 51.00 Werkstoffkunde: Allgemeines VZ AR 155 2013 3 15 0915 147-154 8 045F 630 |
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Enthalten in Mo1377 Safety and Effectiveness of Colorectal Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection in Elderly Patients: Clinical Outcomes Including Long-Term Follow-up Amsterdam [u.a.] volume:155 year:2013 number:3 day:15 month:09 pages:147-154 extent:8 |
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Mo1377 Safety and Effectiveness of Colorectal Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection in Elderly Patients: Clinical Outcomes Including Long-Term Follow-up |
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To con protection: TIR-domain containing proteins (Tcp) and innate immune evasion |
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The innate immune system provides the host's first line of defence against invading pathogens. Key to the stimulation of the innate immune response is pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs), such as Toll-like receptors (TLRs), which recognize microbial-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs). Binding of MAMPs to TLRs triggers a signalling cascade resulting in the production of pro-inflammatory mediators. Central to this TLR signalling pathway are heterotypic protein–protein interactions mediated through Toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) domains found in both the cytoplasmic regions of TLRs and several key adaptor proteins. Interestingly, TIR-domain containing proteins (Tcps) do not seem to be unique to the mammalian TLR system, but occurs in abundance in many biological forms. Recent evidence suggests that pathogenic bacteria have developed a range of ingenuous strategies to evade the host immune mechanisms involving Tcps. There is increasing evidence to suggest that these pathogen-encoded Tcps interfere directly with the TLR signalling pathway and thus inhibit the activation of NF-κB, with different modes of action and roles in virulence. Here, we review the current state of knowledge on the possible roles and mechanisms of action of bacterial encoded Tcp. |
abstractGer |
The innate immune system provides the host's first line of defence against invading pathogens. Key to the stimulation of the innate immune response is pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs), such as Toll-like receptors (TLRs), which recognize microbial-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs). Binding of MAMPs to TLRs triggers a signalling cascade resulting in the production of pro-inflammatory mediators. Central to this TLR signalling pathway are heterotypic protein–protein interactions mediated through Toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) domains found in both the cytoplasmic regions of TLRs and several key adaptor proteins. Interestingly, TIR-domain containing proteins (Tcps) do not seem to be unique to the mammalian TLR system, but occurs in abundance in many biological forms. Recent evidence suggests that pathogenic bacteria have developed a range of ingenuous strategies to evade the host immune mechanisms involving Tcps. There is increasing evidence to suggest that these pathogen-encoded Tcps interfere directly with the TLR signalling pathway and thus inhibit the activation of NF-κB, with different modes of action and roles in virulence. Here, we review the current state of knowledge on the possible roles and mechanisms of action of bacterial encoded Tcp. |
abstract_unstemmed |
The innate immune system provides the host's first line of defence against invading pathogens. Key to the stimulation of the innate immune response is pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs), such as Toll-like receptors (TLRs), which recognize microbial-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs). Binding of MAMPs to TLRs triggers a signalling cascade resulting in the production of pro-inflammatory mediators. Central to this TLR signalling pathway are heterotypic protein–protein interactions mediated through Toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) domains found in both the cytoplasmic regions of TLRs and several key adaptor proteins. Interestingly, TIR-domain containing proteins (Tcps) do not seem to be unique to the mammalian TLR system, but occurs in abundance in many biological forms. Recent evidence suggests that pathogenic bacteria have developed a range of ingenuous strategies to evade the host immune mechanisms involving Tcps. There is increasing evidence to suggest that these pathogen-encoded Tcps interfere directly with the TLR signalling pathway and thus inhibit the activation of NF-κB, with different modes of action and roles in virulence. Here, we review the current state of knowledge on the possible roles and mechanisms of action of bacterial encoded Tcp. |
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