Transport of nitrate and ammonium ions in a sandy loam soil treated with potassium zeolite – Evaluating equilibrium and non-equilibrium equations
The increased use of nitrogen fertilizers in agriculture would cause migration of nitrogen to surface and groundwater; accordingly, would lead to water resources contamination. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of potassium zeolite on nitrate and ammonium ions sorption and ret...
Ausführliche Beschreibung
Autor*in: |
Moradzadeh, Mostafa [verfasserIn] |
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Format: |
E-Artikel |
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Sprache: |
Englisch |
Erschienen: |
2014transfer abstract |
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Umfang: |
9 |
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Übergeordnetes Werk: |
Enthalten in: The Association between sodium fluctuations and mortality in surgical patients requiring intensive care - Goodson, R. ELSEVIER, 2016, Amsterdam [u.a.] |
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Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:34 ; year:2014 ; number:6 ; pages:342-350 ; extent:9 |
Links: |
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DOI / URN: |
10.1016/j.chnaes.2014.09.002 |
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Katalog-ID: |
ELV033841829 |
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245 | 1 | 0 | |a Transport of nitrate and ammonium ions in a sandy loam soil treated with potassium zeolite – Evaluating equilibrium and non-equilibrium equations |
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520 | |a The increased use of nitrogen fertilizers in agriculture would cause migration of nitrogen to surface and groundwater; accordingly, would lead to water resources contamination. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of potassium zeolite on nitrate and ammonium ions sorption and retention in a saturated sandy loam soil in a laboratory condition. The study was conducted as a completely randomized block design with four treatments of 0, 2, 4 and 8 g zeolite per kilogram soil and three replications. Ammonium nitrate fertilizer with concentration of 10 g l−1 was added to soil columns and then leaching was performed. The results show that increasing potassium zeolite to soil causes reduction to the mobility of both nitrate and ammonium and enhancement of the retention of ions in soil. Ions leaching were simulated with convection–dispersion-equation (CDE) and mobile–immobile model (MIM) using HYDRUS-1D code. The results indicate that ammonium ion sorption by soil followed the Freundlich isotherm model. Absorption isotherms and dispersion (D e) coefficient were determined through the inverse modeling for both ions. Based on the results, optimized values of Freundlich isotherm were much less than the observed amounts. This shows that the HYDRUS-1D model underestimated the adsorption parameters to predict the ammonium ion mobility in soil macropores. Since soil has been disturbed, the prediction of CDE model was equal to MIM model approximately. Both models showed that as the amount of applied zeolite increases, the dispersion (D e) coefficient of nitrate and ammonium ions in the soil increases. | ||
520 | |a The increased use of nitrogen fertilizers in agriculture would cause migration of nitrogen to surface and groundwater; accordingly, would lead to water resources contamination. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of potassium zeolite on nitrate and ammonium ions sorption and retention in a saturated sandy loam soil in a laboratory condition. The study was conducted as a completely randomized block design with four treatments of 0, 2, 4 and 8 g zeolite per kilogram soil and three replications. Ammonium nitrate fertilizer with concentration of 10 g l−1 was added to soil columns and then leaching was performed. The results show that increasing potassium zeolite to soil causes reduction to the mobility of both nitrate and ammonium and enhancement of the retention of ions in soil. Ions leaching were simulated with convection–dispersion-equation (CDE) and mobile–immobile model (MIM) using HYDRUS-1D code. The results indicate that ammonium ion sorption by soil followed the Freundlich isotherm model. Absorption isotherms and dispersion (D e) coefficient were determined through the inverse modeling for both ions. Based on the results, optimized values of Freundlich isotherm were much less than the observed amounts. This shows that the HYDRUS-1D model underestimated the adsorption parameters to predict the ammonium ion mobility in soil macropores. Since soil has been disturbed, the prediction of CDE model was equal to MIM model approximately. Both models showed that as the amount of applied zeolite increases, the dispersion (D e) coefficient of nitrate and ammonium ions in the soil increases. | ||
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700 | 1 | |a Sayyad, Gholamabbas |4 oth | |
700 | 1 | |a Khaledian, Mohammadreza |4 oth | |
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10.1016/j.chnaes.2014.09.002 doi GBVA2014009000014.pica (DE-627)ELV033841829 (ELSEVIER)S1872-2032(14)00056-0 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 570 570 DE-600 610 VZ 550 333.7 VZ BIODIV DE-30 fid 38.90 bkl 43.50 bkl Moradzadeh, Mostafa verfasserin aut Transport of nitrate and ammonium ions in a sandy loam soil treated with potassium zeolite – Evaluating equilibrium and non-equilibrium equations 2014transfer abstract 9 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier The increased use of nitrogen fertilizers in agriculture would cause migration of nitrogen to surface and groundwater; accordingly, would lead to water resources contamination. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of potassium zeolite on nitrate and ammonium ions sorption and retention in a saturated sandy loam soil in a laboratory condition. The study was conducted as a completely randomized block design with four treatments of 0, 2, 4 and 8 g zeolite per kilogram soil and three replications. Ammonium nitrate fertilizer with concentration of 10 g l−1 was added to soil columns and then leaching was performed. The results show that increasing potassium zeolite to soil causes reduction to the mobility of both nitrate and ammonium and enhancement of the retention of ions in soil. Ions leaching were simulated with convection–dispersion-equation (CDE) and mobile–immobile model (MIM) using HYDRUS-1D code. The results indicate that ammonium ion sorption by soil followed the Freundlich isotherm model. Absorption isotherms and dispersion (D e) coefficient were determined through the inverse modeling for both ions. Based on the results, optimized values of Freundlich isotherm were much less than the observed amounts. This shows that the HYDRUS-1D model underestimated the adsorption parameters to predict the ammonium ion mobility in soil macropores. Since soil has been disturbed, the prediction of CDE model was equal to MIM model approximately. Both models showed that as the amount of applied zeolite increases, the dispersion (D e) coefficient of nitrate and ammonium ions in the soil increases. The increased use of nitrogen fertilizers in agriculture would cause migration of nitrogen to surface and groundwater; accordingly, would lead to water resources contamination. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of potassium zeolite on nitrate and ammonium ions sorption and retention in a saturated sandy loam soil in a laboratory condition. The study was conducted as a completely randomized block design with four treatments of 0, 2, 4 and 8 g zeolite per kilogram soil and three replications. Ammonium nitrate fertilizer with concentration of 10 g l−1 was added to soil columns and then leaching was performed. The results show that increasing potassium zeolite to soil causes reduction to the mobility of both nitrate and ammonium and enhancement of the retention of ions in soil. Ions leaching were simulated with convection–dispersion-equation (CDE) and mobile–immobile model (MIM) using HYDRUS-1D code. The results indicate that ammonium ion sorption by soil followed the Freundlich isotherm model. Absorption isotherms and dispersion (D e) coefficient were determined through the inverse modeling for both ions. Based on the results, optimized values of Freundlich isotherm were much less than the observed amounts. This shows that the HYDRUS-1D model underestimated the adsorption parameters to predict the ammonium ion mobility in soil macropores. Since soil has been disturbed, the prediction of CDE model was equal to MIM model approximately. Both models showed that as the amount of applied zeolite increases, the dispersion (D e) coefficient of nitrate and ammonium ions in the soil increases. Moazed, Hadi oth Sayyad, Gholamabbas oth Khaledian, Mohammadreza oth Enthalten in Elsevier Goodson, R. ELSEVIER The Association between sodium fluctuations and mortality in surgical patients requiring intensive care 2016 Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV013986678 volume:34 year:2014 number:6 pages:342-350 extent:9 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chnaes.2014.09.002 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U FID-BIODIV SSG-OPC-GGO GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_69 38.90 Ozeanologie Ozeanographie VZ 43.50 Umweltbelastungen VZ AR 34 2014 6 342-350 9 045F 570 |
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10.1016/j.chnaes.2014.09.002 doi GBVA2014009000014.pica (DE-627)ELV033841829 (ELSEVIER)S1872-2032(14)00056-0 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 570 570 DE-600 610 VZ 550 333.7 VZ BIODIV DE-30 fid 38.90 bkl 43.50 bkl Moradzadeh, Mostafa verfasserin aut Transport of nitrate and ammonium ions in a sandy loam soil treated with potassium zeolite – Evaluating equilibrium and non-equilibrium equations 2014transfer abstract 9 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier The increased use of nitrogen fertilizers in agriculture would cause migration of nitrogen to surface and groundwater; accordingly, would lead to water resources contamination. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of potassium zeolite on nitrate and ammonium ions sorption and retention in a saturated sandy loam soil in a laboratory condition. The study was conducted as a completely randomized block design with four treatments of 0, 2, 4 and 8 g zeolite per kilogram soil and three replications. Ammonium nitrate fertilizer with concentration of 10 g l−1 was added to soil columns and then leaching was performed. The results show that increasing potassium zeolite to soil causes reduction to the mobility of both nitrate and ammonium and enhancement of the retention of ions in soil. Ions leaching were simulated with convection–dispersion-equation (CDE) and mobile–immobile model (MIM) using HYDRUS-1D code. The results indicate that ammonium ion sorption by soil followed the Freundlich isotherm model. Absorption isotherms and dispersion (D e) coefficient were determined through the inverse modeling for both ions. Based on the results, optimized values of Freundlich isotherm were much less than the observed amounts. This shows that the HYDRUS-1D model underestimated the adsorption parameters to predict the ammonium ion mobility in soil macropores. Since soil has been disturbed, the prediction of CDE model was equal to MIM model approximately. Both models showed that as the amount of applied zeolite increases, the dispersion (D e) coefficient of nitrate and ammonium ions in the soil increases. The increased use of nitrogen fertilizers in agriculture would cause migration of nitrogen to surface and groundwater; accordingly, would lead to water resources contamination. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of potassium zeolite on nitrate and ammonium ions sorption and retention in a saturated sandy loam soil in a laboratory condition. The study was conducted as a completely randomized block design with four treatments of 0, 2, 4 and 8 g zeolite per kilogram soil and three replications. Ammonium nitrate fertilizer with concentration of 10 g l−1 was added to soil columns and then leaching was performed. The results show that increasing potassium zeolite to soil causes reduction to the mobility of both nitrate and ammonium and enhancement of the retention of ions in soil. Ions leaching were simulated with convection–dispersion-equation (CDE) and mobile–immobile model (MIM) using HYDRUS-1D code. The results indicate that ammonium ion sorption by soil followed the Freundlich isotherm model. Absorption isotherms and dispersion (D e) coefficient were determined through the inverse modeling for both ions. Based on the results, optimized values of Freundlich isotherm were much less than the observed amounts. This shows that the HYDRUS-1D model underestimated the adsorption parameters to predict the ammonium ion mobility in soil macropores. Since soil has been disturbed, the prediction of CDE model was equal to MIM model approximately. Both models showed that as the amount of applied zeolite increases, the dispersion (D e) coefficient of nitrate and ammonium ions in the soil increases. Moazed, Hadi oth Sayyad, Gholamabbas oth Khaledian, Mohammadreza oth Enthalten in Elsevier Goodson, R. ELSEVIER The Association between sodium fluctuations and mortality in surgical patients requiring intensive care 2016 Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV013986678 volume:34 year:2014 number:6 pages:342-350 extent:9 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chnaes.2014.09.002 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U FID-BIODIV SSG-OPC-GGO GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_69 38.90 Ozeanologie Ozeanographie VZ 43.50 Umweltbelastungen VZ AR 34 2014 6 342-350 9 045F 570 |
allfields_unstemmed |
10.1016/j.chnaes.2014.09.002 doi GBVA2014009000014.pica (DE-627)ELV033841829 (ELSEVIER)S1872-2032(14)00056-0 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 570 570 DE-600 610 VZ 550 333.7 VZ BIODIV DE-30 fid 38.90 bkl 43.50 bkl Moradzadeh, Mostafa verfasserin aut Transport of nitrate and ammonium ions in a sandy loam soil treated with potassium zeolite – Evaluating equilibrium and non-equilibrium equations 2014transfer abstract 9 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier The increased use of nitrogen fertilizers in agriculture would cause migration of nitrogen to surface and groundwater; accordingly, would lead to water resources contamination. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of potassium zeolite on nitrate and ammonium ions sorption and retention in a saturated sandy loam soil in a laboratory condition. The study was conducted as a completely randomized block design with four treatments of 0, 2, 4 and 8 g zeolite per kilogram soil and three replications. Ammonium nitrate fertilizer with concentration of 10 g l−1 was added to soil columns and then leaching was performed. The results show that increasing potassium zeolite to soil causes reduction to the mobility of both nitrate and ammonium and enhancement of the retention of ions in soil. Ions leaching were simulated with convection–dispersion-equation (CDE) and mobile–immobile model (MIM) using HYDRUS-1D code. The results indicate that ammonium ion sorption by soil followed the Freundlich isotherm model. Absorption isotherms and dispersion (D e) coefficient were determined through the inverse modeling for both ions. Based on the results, optimized values of Freundlich isotherm were much less than the observed amounts. This shows that the HYDRUS-1D model underestimated the adsorption parameters to predict the ammonium ion mobility in soil macropores. Since soil has been disturbed, the prediction of CDE model was equal to MIM model approximately. Both models showed that as the amount of applied zeolite increases, the dispersion (D e) coefficient of nitrate and ammonium ions in the soil increases. The increased use of nitrogen fertilizers in agriculture would cause migration of nitrogen to surface and groundwater; accordingly, would lead to water resources contamination. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of potassium zeolite on nitrate and ammonium ions sorption and retention in a saturated sandy loam soil in a laboratory condition. The study was conducted as a completely randomized block design with four treatments of 0, 2, 4 and 8 g zeolite per kilogram soil and three replications. Ammonium nitrate fertilizer with concentration of 10 g l−1 was added to soil columns and then leaching was performed. The results show that increasing potassium zeolite to soil causes reduction to the mobility of both nitrate and ammonium and enhancement of the retention of ions in soil. Ions leaching were simulated with convection–dispersion-equation (CDE) and mobile–immobile model (MIM) using HYDRUS-1D code. The results indicate that ammonium ion sorption by soil followed the Freundlich isotherm model. Absorption isotherms and dispersion (D e) coefficient were determined through the inverse modeling for both ions. Based on the results, optimized values of Freundlich isotherm were much less than the observed amounts. This shows that the HYDRUS-1D model underestimated the adsorption parameters to predict the ammonium ion mobility in soil macropores. Since soil has been disturbed, the prediction of CDE model was equal to MIM model approximately. Both models showed that as the amount of applied zeolite increases, the dispersion (D e) coefficient of nitrate and ammonium ions in the soil increases. Moazed, Hadi oth Sayyad, Gholamabbas oth Khaledian, Mohammadreza oth Enthalten in Elsevier Goodson, R. ELSEVIER The Association between sodium fluctuations and mortality in surgical patients requiring intensive care 2016 Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV013986678 volume:34 year:2014 number:6 pages:342-350 extent:9 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chnaes.2014.09.002 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U FID-BIODIV SSG-OPC-GGO GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_69 38.90 Ozeanologie Ozeanographie VZ 43.50 Umweltbelastungen VZ AR 34 2014 6 342-350 9 045F 570 |
allfieldsGer |
10.1016/j.chnaes.2014.09.002 doi GBVA2014009000014.pica (DE-627)ELV033841829 (ELSEVIER)S1872-2032(14)00056-0 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 570 570 DE-600 610 VZ 550 333.7 VZ BIODIV DE-30 fid 38.90 bkl 43.50 bkl Moradzadeh, Mostafa verfasserin aut Transport of nitrate and ammonium ions in a sandy loam soil treated with potassium zeolite – Evaluating equilibrium and non-equilibrium equations 2014transfer abstract 9 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier The increased use of nitrogen fertilizers in agriculture would cause migration of nitrogen to surface and groundwater; accordingly, would lead to water resources contamination. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of potassium zeolite on nitrate and ammonium ions sorption and retention in a saturated sandy loam soil in a laboratory condition. The study was conducted as a completely randomized block design with four treatments of 0, 2, 4 and 8 g zeolite per kilogram soil and three replications. Ammonium nitrate fertilizer with concentration of 10 g l−1 was added to soil columns and then leaching was performed. The results show that increasing potassium zeolite to soil causes reduction to the mobility of both nitrate and ammonium and enhancement of the retention of ions in soil. Ions leaching were simulated with convection–dispersion-equation (CDE) and mobile–immobile model (MIM) using HYDRUS-1D code. The results indicate that ammonium ion sorption by soil followed the Freundlich isotherm model. Absorption isotherms and dispersion (D e) coefficient were determined through the inverse modeling for both ions. Based on the results, optimized values of Freundlich isotherm were much less than the observed amounts. This shows that the HYDRUS-1D model underestimated the adsorption parameters to predict the ammonium ion mobility in soil macropores. Since soil has been disturbed, the prediction of CDE model was equal to MIM model approximately. Both models showed that as the amount of applied zeolite increases, the dispersion (D e) coefficient of nitrate and ammonium ions in the soil increases. The increased use of nitrogen fertilizers in agriculture would cause migration of nitrogen to surface and groundwater; accordingly, would lead to water resources contamination. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of potassium zeolite on nitrate and ammonium ions sorption and retention in a saturated sandy loam soil in a laboratory condition. The study was conducted as a completely randomized block design with four treatments of 0, 2, 4 and 8 g zeolite per kilogram soil and three replications. Ammonium nitrate fertilizer with concentration of 10 g l−1 was added to soil columns and then leaching was performed. The results show that increasing potassium zeolite to soil causes reduction to the mobility of both nitrate and ammonium and enhancement of the retention of ions in soil. Ions leaching were simulated with convection–dispersion-equation (CDE) and mobile–immobile model (MIM) using HYDRUS-1D code. The results indicate that ammonium ion sorption by soil followed the Freundlich isotherm model. Absorption isotherms and dispersion (D e) coefficient were determined through the inverse modeling for both ions. Based on the results, optimized values of Freundlich isotherm were much less than the observed amounts. This shows that the HYDRUS-1D model underestimated the adsorption parameters to predict the ammonium ion mobility in soil macropores. Since soil has been disturbed, the prediction of CDE model was equal to MIM model approximately. Both models showed that as the amount of applied zeolite increases, the dispersion (D e) coefficient of nitrate and ammonium ions in the soil increases. Moazed, Hadi oth Sayyad, Gholamabbas oth Khaledian, Mohammadreza oth Enthalten in Elsevier Goodson, R. ELSEVIER The Association between sodium fluctuations and mortality in surgical patients requiring intensive care 2016 Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV013986678 volume:34 year:2014 number:6 pages:342-350 extent:9 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chnaes.2014.09.002 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U FID-BIODIV SSG-OPC-GGO GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_69 38.90 Ozeanologie Ozeanographie VZ 43.50 Umweltbelastungen VZ AR 34 2014 6 342-350 9 045F 570 |
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10.1016/j.chnaes.2014.09.002 doi GBVA2014009000014.pica (DE-627)ELV033841829 (ELSEVIER)S1872-2032(14)00056-0 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 570 570 DE-600 610 VZ 550 333.7 VZ BIODIV DE-30 fid 38.90 bkl 43.50 bkl Moradzadeh, Mostafa verfasserin aut Transport of nitrate and ammonium ions in a sandy loam soil treated with potassium zeolite – Evaluating equilibrium and non-equilibrium equations 2014transfer abstract 9 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier The increased use of nitrogen fertilizers in agriculture would cause migration of nitrogen to surface and groundwater; accordingly, would lead to water resources contamination. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of potassium zeolite on nitrate and ammonium ions sorption and retention in a saturated sandy loam soil in a laboratory condition. The study was conducted as a completely randomized block design with four treatments of 0, 2, 4 and 8 g zeolite per kilogram soil and three replications. Ammonium nitrate fertilizer with concentration of 10 g l−1 was added to soil columns and then leaching was performed. The results show that increasing potassium zeolite to soil causes reduction to the mobility of both nitrate and ammonium and enhancement of the retention of ions in soil. Ions leaching were simulated with convection–dispersion-equation (CDE) and mobile–immobile model (MIM) using HYDRUS-1D code. The results indicate that ammonium ion sorption by soil followed the Freundlich isotherm model. Absorption isotherms and dispersion (D e) coefficient were determined through the inverse modeling for both ions. Based on the results, optimized values of Freundlich isotherm were much less than the observed amounts. This shows that the HYDRUS-1D model underestimated the adsorption parameters to predict the ammonium ion mobility in soil macropores. Since soil has been disturbed, the prediction of CDE model was equal to MIM model approximately. Both models showed that as the amount of applied zeolite increases, the dispersion (D e) coefficient of nitrate and ammonium ions in the soil increases. The increased use of nitrogen fertilizers in agriculture would cause migration of nitrogen to surface and groundwater; accordingly, would lead to water resources contamination. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of potassium zeolite on nitrate and ammonium ions sorption and retention in a saturated sandy loam soil in a laboratory condition. The study was conducted as a completely randomized block design with four treatments of 0, 2, 4 and 8 g zeolite per kilogram soil and three replications. Ammonium nitrate fertilizer with concentration of 10 g l−1 was added to soil columns and then leaching was performed. The results show that increasing potassium zeolite to soil causes reduction to the mobility of both nitrate and ammonium and enhancement of the retention of ions in soil. Ions leaching were simulated with convection–dispersion-equation (CDE) and mobile–immobile model (MIM) using HYDRUS-1D code. The results indicate that ammonium ion sorption by soil followed the Freundlich isotherm model. Absorption isotherms and dispersion (D e) coefficient were determined through the inverse modeling for both ions. Based on the results, optimized values of Freundlich isotherm were much less than the observed amounts. This shows that the HYDRUS-1D model underestimated the adsorption parameters to predict the ammonium ion mobility in soil macropores. Since soil has been disturbed, the prediction of CDE model was equal to MIM model approximately. Both models showed that as the amount of applied zeolite increases, the dispersion (D e) coefficient of nitrate and ammonium ions in the soil increases. Moazed, Hadi oth Sayyad, Gholamabbas oth Khaledian, Mohammadreza oth Enthalten in Elsevier Goodson, R. ELSEVIER The Association between sodium fluctuations and mortality in surgical patients requiring intensive care 2016 Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV013986678 volume:34 year:2014 number:6 pages:342-350 extent:9 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chnaes.2014.09.002 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U FID-BIODIV SSG-OPC-GGO GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_69 38.90 Ozeanologie Ozeanographie VZ 43.50 Umweltbelastungen VZ AR 34 2014 6 342-350 9 045F 570 |
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transport of nitrate and ammonium ions in a sandy loam soil treated with potassium zeolite – evaluating equilibrium and non-equilibrium equations |
title_auth |
Transport of nitrate and ammonium ions in a sandy loam soil treated with potassium zeolite – Evaluating equilibrium and non-equilibrium equations |
abstract |
The increased use of nitrogen fertilizers in agriculture would cause migration of nitrogen to surface and groundwater; accordingly, would lead to water resources contamination. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of potassium zeolite on nitrate and ammonium ions sorption and retention in a saturated sandy loam soil in a laboratory condition. The study was conducted as a completely randomized block design with four treatments of 0, 2, 4 and 8 g zeolite per kilogram soil and three replications. Ammonium nitrate fertilizer with concentration of 10 g l−1 was added to soil columns and then leaching was performed. The results show that increasing potassium zeolite to soil causes reduction to the mobility of both nitrate and ammonium and enhancement of the retention of ions in soil. Ions leaching were simulated with convection–dispersion-equation (CDE) and mobile–immobile model (MIM) using HYDRUS-1D code. The results indicate that ammonium ion sorption by soil followed the Freundlich isotherm model. Absorption isotherms and dispersion (D e) coefficient were determined through the inverse modeling for both ions. Based on the results, optimized values of Freundlich isotherm were much less than the observed amounts. This shows that the HYDRUS-1D model underestimated the adsorption parameters to predict the ammonium ion mobility in soil macropores. Since soil has been disturbed, the prediction of CDE model was equal to MIM model approximately. Both models showed that as the amount of applied zeolite increases, the dispersion (D e) coefficient of nitrate and ammonium ions in the soil increases. |
abstractGer |
The increased use of nitrogen fertilizers in agriculture would cause migration of nitrogen to surface and groundwater; accordingly, would lead to water resources contamination. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of potassium zeolite on nitrate and ammonium ions sorption and retention in a saturated sandy loam soil in a laboratory condition. The study was conducted as a completely randomized block design with four treatments of 0, 2, 4 and 8 g zeolite per kilogram soil and three replications. Ammonium nitrate fertilizer with concentration of 10 g l−1 was added to soil columns and then leaching was performed. The results show that increasing potassium zeolite to soil causes reduction to the mobility of both nitrate and ammonium and enhancement of the retention of ions in soil. Ions leaching were simulated with convection–dispersion-equation (CDE) and mobile–immobile model (MIM) using HYDRUS-1D code. The results indicate that ammonium ion sorption by soil followed the Freundlich isotherm model. Absorption isotherms and dispersion (D e) coefficient were determined through the inverse modeling for both ions. Based on the results, optimized values of Freundlich isotherm were much less than the observed amounts. This shows that the HYDRUS-1D model underestimated the adsorption parameters to predict the ammonium ion mobility in soil macropores. Since soil has been disturbed, the prediction of CDE model was equal to MIM model approximately. Both models showed that as the amount of applied zeolite increases, the dispersion (D e) coefficient of nitrate and ammonium ions in the soil increases. |
abstract_unstemmed |
The increased use of nitrogen fertilizers in agriculture would cause migration of nitrogen to surface and groundwater; accordingly, would lead to water resources contamination. The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of potassium zeolite on nitrate and ammonium ions sorption and retention in a saturated sandy loam soil in a laboratory condition. The study was conducted as a completely randomized block design with four treatments of 0, 2, 4 and 8 g zeolite per kilogram soil and three replications. Ammonium nitrate fertilizer with concentration of 10 g l−1 was added to soil columns and then leaching was performed. The results show that increasing potassium zeolite to soil causes reduction to the mobility of both nitrate and ammonium and enhancement of the retention of ions in soil. Ions leaching were simulated with convection–dispersion-equation (CDE) and mobile–immobile model (MIM) using HYDRUS-1D code. The results indicate that ammonium ion sorption by soil followed the Freundlich isotherm model. Absorption isotherms and dispersion (D e) coefficient were determined through the inverse modeling for both ions. Based on the results, optimized values of Freundlich isotherm were much less than the observed amounts. This shows that the HYDRUS-1D model underestimated the adsorption parameters to predict the ammonium ion mobility in soil macropores. Since soil has been disturbed, the prediction of CDE model was equal to MIM model approximately. Both models showed that as the amount of applied zeolite increases, the dispersion (D e) coefficient of nitrate and ammonium ions in the soil increases. |
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Transport of nitrate and ammonium ions in a sandy loam soil treated with potassium zeolite – Evaluating equilibrium and non-equilibrium equations |
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