START ships lipids across interorganelle space
The family of StAR related lipid transfer proteins (START) is so-named based on the distinctive capacity for these proteins to transport lipids between membranes. The START domain is a module of about 210 residues, which binds lipids such as glycerolipids, sphingolipids and sterols. This domain has...
Ausführliche Beschreibung
Autor*in: |
Alpy, Fabien [verfasserIn] |
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Sprache: |
Englisch |
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2014transfer abstract |
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Schlagwörter: |
START: (steroidogenic acute regulatory protein) related lipid transfer |
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Umfang: |
11 |
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Übergeordnetes Werk: |
Enthalten in: Energy-saving improvement of heat integration for separating dilute azeotropic components in extractive distillation - Duan, Cong ELSEVIER, 2022, an international journal of biochemistry and molecular biology, Paris [u.a.] |
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Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:96 ; year:2014 ; pages:85-95 ; extent:11 |
Links: |
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DOI / URN: |
10.1016/j.biochi.2013.09.015 |
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ELV033846812 |
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520 | |a The family of StAR related lipid transfer proteins (START) is so-named based on the distinctive capacity for these proteins to transport lipids between membranes. The START domain is a module of about 210 residues, which binds lipids such as glycerolipids, sphingolipids and sterols. This domain has a deep lipid-binding pocket – which shields the hydrophic ligand from the external aqueous environment – covered by a lid. Based on their homology, the fifteen START proteins in mammals have been allocated to six distinct subfamilies, each subfamily being more specialized in the transport and/or sensing of a lipid ligand species. However within the same subgroup, their expression profile and their subcellular localization distinguish them and are critical for their different biological functions. Indeed, START proteins act in a variety of distinct physiological processes, such as lipid transfer between intracellular compartments, lipid metabolism and modulation of signaling events. Mutation or deregulated expression of START proteins is linked to pathological processes, including genetic disorders, autoimmune diseases and cancers. Besides the common single START domain, which is always located at the carboxy-terminal end in mammals, most START proteins harbor additional domains predicted to be critical in favoring lipid exchange. Evidence from well characterized START proteins indicates that these additional domains might be tethering machineries able to bring distinct organelles together and create membrane contact sites prone to lipid exchange via the START domain. | ||
520 | |a The family of StAR related lipid transfer proteins (START) is so-named based on the distinctive capacity for these proteins to transport lipids between membranes. The START domain is a module of about 210 residues, which binds lipids such as glycerolipids, sphingolipids and sterols. This domain has a deep lipid-binding pocket – which shields the hydrophic ligand from the external aqueous environment – covered by a lid. Based on their homology, the fifteen START proteins in mammals have been allocated to six distinct subfamilies, each subfamily being more specialized in the transport and/or sensing of a lipid ligand species. However within the same subgroup, their expression profile and their subcellular localization distinguish them and are critical for their different biological functions. Indeed, START proteins act in a variety of distinct physiological processes, such as lipid transfer between intracellular compartments, lipid metabolism and modulation of signaling events. Mutation or deregulated expression of START proteins is linked to pathological processes, including genetic disorders, autoimmune diseases and cancers. Besides the common single START domain, which is always located at the carboxy-terminal end in mammals, most START proteins harbor additional domains predicted to be critical in favoring lipid exchange. Evidence from well characterized START proteins indicates that these additional domains might be tethering machineries able to bring distinct organelles together and create membrane contact sites prone to lipid exchange via the START domain. | ||
650 | 7 | |a Lipid transfer protein |2 Elsevier | |
650 | 7 | |a Lipid metabolism |2 Elsevier | |
650 | 7 | |a START: (steroidogenic acute regulatory protein) related lipid transfer |2 Elsevier | |
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10.1016/j.biochi.2013.09.015 doi GBVA2014009000023.pica (DE-627)ELV033846812 (ELSEVIER)S0300-9084(13)00329-5 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 540 540 DE-600 600 VZ 50.70 bkl Alpy, Fabien verfasserin aut START ships lipids across interorganelle space 2014transfer abstract 11 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier The family of StAR related lipid transfer proteins (START) is so-named based on the distinctive capacity for these proteins to transport lipids between membranes. The START domain is a module of about 210 residues, which binds lipids such as glycerolipids, sphingolipids and sterols. This domain has a deep lipid-binding pocket – which shields the hydrophic ligand from the external aqueous environment – covered by a lid. Based on their homology, the fifteen START proteins in mammals have been allocated to six distinct subfamilies, each subfamily being more specialized in the transport and/or sensing of a lipid ligand species. However within the same subgroup, their expression profile and their subcellular localization distinguish them and are critical for their different biological functions. Indeed, START proteins act in a variety of distinct physiological processes, such as lipid transfer between intracellular compartments, lipid metabolism and modulation of signaling events. Mutation or deregulated expression of START proteins is linked to pathological processes, including genetic disorders, autoimmune diseases and cancers. Besides the common single START domain, which is always located at the carboxy-terminal end in mammals, most START proteins harbor additional domains predicted to be critical in favoring lipid exchange. Evidence from well characterized START proteins indicates that these additional domains might be tethering machineries able to bring distinct organelles together and create membrane contact sites prone to lipid exchange via the START domain. The family of StAR related lipid transfer proteins (START) is so-named based on the distinctive capacity for these proteins to transport lipids between membranes. The START domain is a module of about 210 residues, which binds lipids such as glycerolipids, sphingolipids and sterols. This domain has a deep lipid-binding pocket – which shields the hydrophic ligand from the external aqueous environment – covered by a lid. Based on their homology, the fifteen START proteins in mammals have been allocated to six distinct subfamilies, each subfamily being more specialized in the transport and/or sensing of a lipid ligand species. However within the same subgroup, their expression profile and their subcellular localization distinguish them and are critical for their different biological functions. Indeed, START proteins act in a variety of distinct physiological processes, such as lipid transfer between intracellular compartments, lipid metabolism and modulation of signaling events. Mutation or deregulated expression of START proteins is linked to pathological processes, including genetic disorders, autoimmune diseases and cancers. Besides the common single START domain, which is always located at the carboxy-terminal end in mammals, most START proteins harbor additional domains predicted to be critical in favoring lipid exchange. Evidence from well characterized START proteins indicates that these additional domains might be tethering machineries able to bring distinct organelles together and create membrane contact sites prone to lipid exchange via the START domain. Lipid transfer protein Elsevier Lipid metabolism Elsevier START: (steroidogenic acute regulatory protein) related lipid transfer Elsevier Non-vesicular lipid transfer Elsevier Tomasetto, Catherine oth Enthalten in Elsevier Duan, Cong ELSEVIER Energy-saving improvement of heat integration for separating dilute azeotropic components in extractive distillation 2022 an international journal of biochemistry and molecular biology Paris [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV008857954 volume:96 year:2014 pages:85-95 extent:11 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biochi.2013.09.015 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U 50.70 Energie: Allgemeines VZ AR 96 2014 85-95 11 045F 540 |
spelling |
10.1016/j.biochi.2013.09.015 doi GBVA2014009000023.pica (DE-627)ELV033846812 (ELSEVIER)S0300-9084(13)00329-5 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 540 540 DE-600 600 VZ 50.70 bkl Alpy, Fabien verfasserin aut START ships lipids across interorganelle space 2014transfer abstract 11 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier The family of StAR related lipid transfer proteins (START) is so-named based on the distinctive capacity for these proteins to transport lipids between membranes. The START domain is a module of about 210 residues, which binds lipids such as glycerolipids, sphingolipids and sterols. This domain has a deep lipid-binding pocket – which shields the hydrophic ligand from the external aqueous environment – covered by a lid. Based on their homology, the fifteen START proteins in mammals have been allocated to six distinct subfamilies, each subfamily being more specialized in the transport and/or sensing of a lipid ligand species. However within the same subgroup, their expression profile and their subcellular localization distinguish them and are critical for their different biological functions. Indeed, START proteins act in a variety of distinct physiological processes, such as lipid transfer between intracellular compartments, lipid metabolism and modulation of signaling events. Mutation or deregulated expression of START proteins is linked to pathological processes, including genetic disorders, autoimmune diseases and cancers. Besides the common single START domain, which is always located at the carboxy-terminal end in mammals, most START proteins harbor additional domains predicted to be critical in favoring lipid exchange. Evidence from well characterized START proteins indicates that these additional domains might be tethering machineries able to bring distinct organelles together and create membrane contact sites prone to lipid exchange via the START domain. The family of StAR related lipid transfer proteins (START) is so-named based on the distinctive capacity for these proteins to transport lipids between membranes. The START domain is a module of about 210 residues, which binds lipids such as glycerolipids, sphingolipids and sterols. This domain has a deep lipid-binding pocket – which shields the hydrophic ligand from the external aqueous environment – covered by a lid. Based on their homology, the fifteen START proteins in mammals have been allocated to six distinct subfamilies, each subfamily being more specialized in the transport and/or sensing of a lipid ligand species. However within the same subgroup, their expression profile and their subcellular localization distinguish them and are critical for their different biological functions. Indeed, START proteins act in a variety of distinct physiological processes, such as lipid transfer between intracellular compartments, lipid metabolism and modulation of signaling events. Mutation or deregulated expression of START proteins is linked to pathological processes, including genetic disorders, autoimmune diseases and cancers. Besides the common single START domain, which is always located at the carboxy-terminal end in mammals, most START proteins harbor additional domains predicted to be critical in favoring lipid exchange. Evidence from well characterized START proteins indicates that these additional domains might be tethering machineries able to bring distinct organelles together and create membrane contact sites prone to lipid exchange via the START domain. Lipid transfer protein Elsevier Lipid metabolism Elsevier START: (steroidogenic acute regulatory protein) related lipid transfer Elsevier Non-vesicular lipid transfer Elsevier Tomasetto, Catherine oth Enthalten in Elsevier Duan, Cong ELSEVIER Energy-saving improvement of heat integration for separating dilute azeotropic components in extractive distillation 2022 an international journal of biochemistry and molecular biology Paris [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV008857954 volume:96 year:2014 pages:85-95 extent:11 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biochi.2013.09.015 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U 50.70 Energie: Allgemeines VZ AR 96 2014 85-95 11 045F 540 |
allfields_unstemmed |
10.1016/j.biochi.2013.09.015 doi GBVA2014009000023.pica (DE-627)ELV033846812 (ELSEVIER)S0300-9084(13)00329-5 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 540 540 DE-600 600 VZ 50.70 bkl Alpy, Fabien verfasserin aut START ships lipids across interorganelle space 2014transfer abstract 11 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier The family of StAR related lipid transfer proteins (START) is so-named based on the distinctive capacity for these proteins to transport lipids between membranes. The START domain is a module of about 210 residues, which binds lipids such as glycerolipids, sphingolipids and sterols. This domain has a deep lipid-binding pocket – which shields the hydrophic ligand from the external aqueous environment – covered by a lid. Based on their homology, the fifteen START proteins in mammals have been allocated to six distinct subfamilies, each subfamily being more specialized in the transport and/or sensing of a lipid ligand species. However within the same subgroup, their expression profile and their subcellular localization distinguish them and are critical for their different biological functions. Indeed, START proteins act in a variety of distinct physiological processes, such as lipid transfer between intracellular compartments, lipid metabolism and modulation of signaling events. Mutation or deregulated expression of START proteins is linked to pathological processes, including genetic disorders, autoimmune diseases and cancers. Besides the common single START domain, which is always located at the carboxy-terminal end in mammals, most START proteins harbor additional domains predicted to be critical in favoring lipid exchange. Evidence from well characterized START proteins indicates that these additional domains might be tethering machineries able to bring distinct organelles together and create membrane contact sites prone to lipid exchange via the START domain. The family of StAR related lipid transfer proteins (START) is so-named based on the distinctive capacity for these proteins to transport lipids between membranes. The START domain is a module of about 210 residues, which binds lipids such as glycerolipids, sphingolipids and sterols. This domain has a deep lipid-binding pocket – which shields the hydrophic ligand from the external aqueous environment – covered by a lid. Based on their homology, the fifteen START proteins in mammals have been allocated to six distinct subfamilies, each subfamily being more specialized in the transport and/or sensing of a lipid ligand species. However within the same subgroup, their expression profile and their subcellular localization distinguish them and are critical for their different biological functions. Indeed, START proteins act in a variety of distinct physiological processes, such as lipid transfer between intracellular compartments, lipid metabolism and modulation of signaling events. Mutation or deregulated expression of START proteins is linked to pathological processes, including genetic disorders, autoimmune diseases and cancers. Besides the common single START domain, which is always located at the carboxy-terminal end in mammals, most START proteins harbor additional domains predicted to be critical in favoring lipid exchange. Evidence from well characterized START proteins indicates that these additional domains might be tethering machineries able to bring distinct organelles together and create membrane contact sites prone to lipid exchange via the START domain. Lipid transfer protein Elsevier Lipid metabolism Elsevier START: (steroidogenic acute regulatory protein) related lipid transfer Elsevier Non-vesicular lipid transfer Elsevier Tomasetto, Catherine oth Enthalten in Elsevier Duan, Cong ELSEVIER Energy-saving improvement of heat integration for separating dilute azeotropic components in extractive distillation 2022 an international journal of biochemistry and molecular biology Paris [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV008857954 volume:96 year:2014 pages:85-95 extent:11 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biochi.2013.09.015 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U 50.70 Energie: Allgemeines VZ AR 96 2014 85-95 11 045F 540 |
allfieldsGer |
10.1016/j.biochi.2013.09.015 doi GBVA2014009000023.pica (DE-627)ELV033846812 (ELSEVIER)S0300-9084(13)00329-5 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 540 540 DE-600 600 VZ 50.70 bkl Alpy, Fabien verfasserin aut START ships lipids across interorganelle space 2014transfer abstract 11 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier The family of StAR related lipid transfer proteins (START) is so-named based on the distinctive capacity for these proteins to transport lipids between membranes. The START domain is a module of about 210 residues, which binds lipids such as glycerolipids, sphingolipids and sterols. This domain has a deep lipid-binding pocket – which shields the hydrophic ligand from the external aqueous environment – covered by a lid. Based on their homology, the fifteen START proteins in mammals have been allocated to six distinct subfamilies, each subfamily being more specialized in the transport and/or sensing of a lipid ligand species. However within the same subgroup, their expression profile and their subcellular localization distinguish them and are critical for their different biological functions. Indeed, START proteins act in a variety of distinct physiological processes, such as lipid transfer between intracellular compartments, lipid metabolism and modulation of signaling events. Mutation or deregulated expression of START proteins is linked to pathological processes, including genetic disorders, autoimmune diseases and cancers. Besides the common single START domain, which is always located at the carboxy-terminal end in mammals, most START proteins harbor additional domains predicted to be critical in favoring lipid exchange. Evidence from well characterized START proteins indicates that these additional domains might be tethering machineries able to bring distinct organelles together and create membrane contact sites prone to lipid exchange via the START domain. The family of StAR related lipid transfer proteins (START) is so-named based on the distinctive capacity for these proteins to transport lipids between membranes. The START domain is a module of about 210 residues, which binds lipids such as glycerolipids, sphingolipids and sterols. This domain has a deep lipid-binding pocket – which shields the hydrophic ligand from the external aqueous environment – covered by a lid. Based on their homology, the fifteen START proteins in mammals have been allocated to six distinct subfamilies, each subfamily being more specialized in the transport and/or sensing of a lipid ligand species. However within the same subgroup, their expression profile and their subcellular localization distinguish them and are critical for their different biological functions. Indeed, START proteins act in a variety of distinct physiological processes, such as lipid transfer between intracellular compartments, lipid metabolism and modulation of signaling events. Mutation or deregulated expression of START proteins is linked to pathological processes, including genetic disorders, autoimmune diseases and cancers. Besides the common single START domain, which is always located at the carboxy-terminal end in mammals, most START proteins harbor additional domains predicted to be critical in favoring lipid exchange. Evidence from well characterized START proteins indicates that these additional domains might be tethering machineries able to bring distinct organelles together and create membrane contact sites prone to lipid exchange via the START domain. Lipid transfer protein Elsevier Lipid metabolism Elsevier START: (steroidogenic acute regulatory protein) related lipid transfer Elsevier Non-vesicular lipid transfer Elsevier Tomasetto, Catherine oth Enthalten in Elsevier Duan, Cong ELSEVIER Energy-saving improvement of heat integration for separating dilute azeotropic components in extractive distillation 2022 an international journal of biochemistry and molecular biology Paris [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV008857954 volume:96 year:2014 pages:85-95 extent:11 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biochi.2013.09.015 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U 50.70 Energie: Allgemeines VZ AR 96 2014 85-95 11 045F 540 |
allfieldsSound |
10.1016/j.biochi.2013.09.015 doi GBVA2014009000023.pica (DE-627)ELV033846812 (ELSEVIER)S0300-9084(13)00329-5 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 540 540 DE-600 600 VZ 50.70 bkl Alpy, Fabien verfasserin aut START ships lipids across interorganelle space 2014transfer abstract 11 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier The family of StAR related lipid transfer proteins (START) is so-named based on the distinctive capacity for these proteins to transport lipids between membranes. The START domain is a module of about 210 residues, which binds lipids such as glycerolipids, sphingolipids and sterols. This domain has a deep lipid-binding pocket – which shields the hydrophic ligand from the external aqueous environment – covered by a lid. Based on their homology, the fifteen START proteins in mammals have been allocated to six distinct subfamilies, each subfamily being more specialized in the transport and/or sensing of a lipid ligand species. However within the same subgroup, their expression profile and their subcellular localization distinguish them and are critical for their different biological functions. Indeed, START proteins act in a variety of distinct physiological processes, such as lipid transfer between intracellular compartments, lipid metabolism and modulation of signaling events. Mutation or deregulated expression of START proteins is linked to pathological processes, including genetic disorders, autoimmune diseases and cancers. Besides the common single START domain, which is always located at the carboxy-terminal end in mammals, most START proteins harbor additional domains predicted to be critical in favoring lipid exchange. Evidence from well characterized START proteins indicates that these additional domains might be tethering machineries able to bring distinct organelles together and create membrane contact sites prone to lipid exchange via the START domain. The family of StAR related lipid transfer proteins (START) is so-named based on the distinctive capacity for these proteins to transport lipids between membranes. The START domain is a module of about 210 residues, which binds lipids such as glycerolipids, sphingolipids and sterols. This domain has a deep lipid-binding pocket – which shields the hydrophic ligand from the external aqueous environment – covered by a lid. Based on their homology, the fifteen START proteins in mammals have been allocated to six distinct subfamilies, each subfamily being more specialized in the transport and/or sensing of a lipid ligand species. However within the same subgroup, their expression profile and their subcellular localization distinguish them and are critical for their different biological functions. Indeed, START proteins act in a variety of distinct physiological processes, such as lipid transfer between intracellular compartments, lipid metabolism and modulation of signaling events. Mutation or deregulated expression of START proteins is linked to pathological processes, including genetic disorders, autoimmune diseases and cancers. Besides the common single START domain, which is always located at the carboxy-terminal end in mammals, most START proteins harbor additional domains predicted to be critical in favoring lipid exchange. Evidence from well characterized START proteins indicates that these additional domains might be tethering machineries able to bring distinct organelles together and create membrane contact sites prone to lipid exchange via the START domain. Lipid transfer protein Elsevier Lipid metabolism Elsevier START: (steroidogenic acute regulatory protein) related lipid transfer Elsevier Non-vesicular lipid transfer Elsevier Tomasetto, Catherine oth Enthalten in Elsevier Duan, Cong ELSEVIER Energy-saving improvement of heat integration for separating dilute azeotropic components in extractive distillation 2022 an international journal of biochemistry and molecular biology Paris [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV008857954 volume:96 year:2014 pages:85-95 extent:11 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biochi.2013.09.015 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U 50.70 Energie: Allgemeines VZ AR 96 2014 85-95 11 045F 540 |
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Enthalten in Energy-saving improvement of heat integration for separating dilute azeotropic components in extractive distillation Paris [u.a.] volume:96 year:2014 pages:85-95 extent:11 |
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The START domain is a module of about 210 residues, which binds lipids such as glycerolipids, sphingolipids and sterols. This domain has a deep lipid-binding pocket – which shields the hydrophic ligand from the external aqueous environment – covered by a lid. Based on their homology, the fifteen START proteins in mammals have been allocated to six distinct subfamilies, each subfamily being more specialized in the transport and/or sensing of a lipid ligand species. However within the same subgroup, their expression profile and their subcellular localization distinguish them and are critical for their different biological functions. Indeed, START proteins act in a variety of distinct physiological processes, such as lipid transfer between intracellular compartments, lipid metabolism and modulation of signaling events. Mutation or deregulated expression of START proteins is linked to pathological processes, including genetic disorders, autoimmune diseases and cancers. Besides the common single START domain, which is always located at the carboxy-terminal end in mammals, most START proteins harbor additional domains predicted to be critical in favoring lipid exchange. Evidence from well characterized START proteins indicates that these additional domains might be tethering machineries able to bring distinct organelles together and create membrane contact sites prone to lipid exchange via the START domain.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">The family of StAR related lipid transfer proteins (START) is so-named based on the distinctive capacity for these proteins to transport lipids between membranes. The START domain is a module of about 210 residues, which binds lipids such as glycerolipids, sphingolipids and sterols. This domain has a deep lipid-binding pocket – which shields the hydrophic ligand from the external aqueous environment – covered by a lid. 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The family of StAR related lipid transfer proteins (START) is so-named based on the distinctive capacity for these proteins to transport lipids between membranes. The START domain is a module of about 210 residues, which binds lipids such as glycerolipids, sphingolipids and sterols. This domain has a deep lipid-binding pocket – which shields the hydrophic ligand from the external aqueous environment – covered by a lid. Based on their homology, the fifteen START proteins in mammals have been allocated to six distinct subfamilies, each subfamily being more specialized in the transport and/or sensing of a lipid ligand species. However within the same subgroup, their expression profile and their subcellular localization distinguish them and are critical for their different biological functions. Indeed, START proteins act in a variety of distinct physiological processes, such as lipid transfer between intracellular compartments, lipid metabolism and modulation of signaling events. Mutation or deregulated expression of START proteins is linked to pathological processes, including genetic disorders, autoimmune diseases and cancers. Besides the common single START domain, which is always located at the carboxy-terminal end in mammals, most START proteins harbor additional domains predicted to be critical in favoring lipid exchange. Evidence from well characterized START proteins indicates that these additional domains might be tethering machineries able to bring distinct organelles together and create membrane contact sites prone to lipid exchange via the START domain. |
abstractGer |
The family of StAR related lipid transfer proteins (START) is so-named based on the distinctive capacity for these proteins to transport lipids between membranes. The START domain is a module of about 210 residues, which binds lipids such as glycerolipids, sphingolipids and sterols. This domain has a deep lipid-binding pocket – which shields the hydrophic ligand from the external aqueous environment – covered by a lid. Based on their homology, the fifteen START proteins in mammals have been allocated to six distinct subfamilies, each subfamily being more specialized in the transport and/or sensing of a lipid ligand species. However within the same subgroup, their expression profile and their subcellular localization distinguish them and are critical for their different biological functions. Indeed, START proteins act in a variety of distinct physiological processes, such as lipid transfer between intracellular compartments, lipid metabolism and modulation of signaling events. Mutation or deregulated expression of START proteins is linked to pathological processes, including genetic disorders, autoimmune diseases and cancers. Besides the common single START domain, which is always located at the carboxy-terminal end in mammals, most START proteins harbor additional domains predicted to be critical in favoring lipid exchange. Evidence from well characterized START proteins indicates that these additional domains might be tethering machineries able to bring distinct organelles together and create membrane contact sites prone to lipid exchange via the START domain. |
abstract_unstemmed |
The family of StAR related lipid transfer proteins (START) is so-named based on the distinctive capacity for these proteins to transport lipids between membranes. The START domain is a module of about 210 residues, which binds lipids such as glycerolipids, sphingolipids and sterols. This domain has a deep lipid-binding pocket – which shields the hydrophic ligand from the external aqueous environment – covered by a lid. Based on their homology, the fifteen START proteins in mammals have been allocated to six distinct subfamilies, each subfamily being more specialized in the transport and/or sensing of a lipid ligand species. However within the same subgroup, their expression profile and their subcellular localization distinguish them and are critical for their different biological functions. Indeed, START proteins act in a variety of distinct physiological processes, such as lipid transfer between intracellular compartments, lipid metabolism and modulation of signaling events. Mutation or deregulated expression of START proteins is linked to pathological processes, including genetic disorders, autoimmune diseases and cancers. Besides the common single START domain, which is always located at the carboxy-terminal end in mammals, most START proteins harbor additional domains predicted to be critical in favoring lipid exchange. Evidence from well characterized START proteins indicates that these additional domains might be tethering machineries able to bring distinct organelles together and create membrane contact sites prone to lipid exchange via the START domain. |
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