Thermodynamics of slush and snow–ice formation in the Antarctic sea-ice zone
Snow over Antarctic sea ice is often flooded by brine or seawater, particularly in spring, forming slush and snow ice. Here, we evaluate the representation of the thermodynamics of slush and snow–ice formation in large-scale sea-ice models, using laboratory experiments (NaCl solutions poured into gr...
Ausführliche Beschreibung
Gespeichert in:
| Autor*in: |
Jutras, Mathilde [verfasserIn] |
|---|
| Format: |
E-Artikel |
|---|---|
| Sprache: |
Englisch |
| Erschienen: |
2016transfer abstract |
|---|
| Schlagwörter: |
|---|
| Umfang: |
9 |
|---|
| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
Enthalten in: THE RISK OF OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA IN A HEALTHY, MIDDLE-AGED NORTH AMERICAN POPULATION: INSIGHTS FROM THE PRIMARY CARE AUDIT OF GLOBAL RISK MANAGEMENT (PARADIGM) STUDY - Kaushal, A. ELSEVIER, 2015, Amsterdam [u.a.] |
|---|---|
| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:131 ; year:2016 ; pages:75-83 ; extent:9 |
| Links: |
|---|
| DOI / URN: |
10.1016/j.dsr2.2016.03.008 |
|---|
| Katalog-ID: |
ELV040127427 |
|---|
| LEADER | 01000caa a22002652 4500 | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 001 | ELV040127427 | ||
| 003 | DE-627 | ||
| 005 | 20230625230934.0 | ||
| 007 | cr uuu---uuuuu | ||
| 008 | 180603s2016 xx |||||o 00| ||eng c | ||
| 024 | 7 | |a 10.1016/j.dsr2.2016.03.008 |2 doi | |
| 028 | 5 | 2 | |a GBVA2016016000018.pica |
| 035 | |a (DE-627)ELV040127427 | ||
| 035 | |a (ELSEVIER)S0967-0645(16)30035-2 | ||
| 040 | |a DE-627 |b ger |c DE-627 |e rakwb | ||
| 041 | |a eng | ||
| 082 | 0 | |a 550 | |
| 082 | 0 | 4 | |a 550 |q DE-600 |
| 082 | 0 | 4 | |a 610 |q VZ |
| 082 | 0 | 4 | |a 600 |a 540 |q VZ |
| 100 | 1 | |a Jutras, Mathilde |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Thermodynamics of slush and snow–ice formation in the Antarctic sea-ice zone |
| 264 | 1 | |c 2016transfer abstract | |
| 300 | |a 9 | ||
| 336 | |a nicht spezifiziert |b zzz |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |a nicht spezifiziert |b z |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |a nicht spezifiziert |b zu |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 520 | |a Snow over Antarctic sea ice is often flooded by brine or seawater, particularly in spring, forming slush and snow ice. Here, we evaluate the representation of the thermodynamics of slush and snow–ice formation in large-scale sea-ice models, using laboratory experiments (NaCl solutions poured into grated ice in an isolated container). Scaling analysis highlights latent heat as the main term of the energy budget. The temperature of the new sea ice immediately after flooding is found very close to the saltwater freezing point, whereas its bulk salinity is typically > 20 g / kg . Large-scale sea-ice models faithfully represent such physics, yet the uncertainty on the origin of flooding saltwater impacts the calculated new ice temperature, because of the different salinities of seawater and brine. The laboratory experiments also suggest a potential limitation to the existing physical representations of flooding: for brine fractions > 60 % , ice crystals start floating upon saltwater. Natural sea-ice observations suggest that the isolated system assumption holds for a few hours at most, after which rapid heat and salt exchanges mostly destroy the initial flooding signature on temperature and salinity. A small footprint on ice salinity remains however, natural snow ice is found 3–5g/kg more saline than other forms of sea ice. | ||
| 520 | |a Snow over Antarctic sea ice is often flooded by brine or seawater, particularly in spring, forming slush and snow ice. Here, we evaluate the representation of the thermodynamics of slush and snow–ice formation in large-scale sea-ice models, using laboratory experiments (NaCl solutions poured into grated ice in an isolated container). Scaling analysis highlights latent heat as the main term of the energy budget. The temperature of the new sea ice immediately after flooding is found very close to the saltwater freezing point, whereas its bulk salinity is typically > 20 g / kg . Large-scale sea-ice models faithfully represent such physics, yet the uncertainty on the origin of flooding saltwater impacts the calculated new ice temperature, because of the different salinities of seawater and brine. The laboratory experiments also suggest a potential limitation to the existing physical representations of flooding: for brine fractions > 60 % , ice crystals start floating upon saltwater. Natural sea-ice observations suggest that the isolated system assumption holds for a few hours at most, after which rapid heat and salt exchanges mostly destroy the initial flooding signature on temperature and salinity. A small footprint on ice salinity remains however, natural snow ice is found 3–5g/kg more saline than other forms of sea ice. | ||
| 650 | 7 | |a Thermodynamics |2 Elsevier | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Slush |2 Elsevier | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Snow ice |2 Elsevier | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Antarctic |2 Elsevier | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Vancoppenolle, Martin |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Lourenço, Antonio |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Vivier, Frédéric |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Carnat, Gauthier |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Madec, Gurvan |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Rousset, Clément |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Tison, Jean-Louis |4 oth | |
| 773 | 0 | 8 | |i Enthalten in |n Elsevier Science |a Kaushal, A. ELSEVIER |t THE RISK OF OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA IN A HEALTHY, MIDDLE-AGED NORTH AMERICAN POPULATION: INSIGHTS FROM THE PRIMARY CARE AUDIT OF GLOBAL RISK MANAGEMENT (PARADIGM) STUDY |d 2015 |g Amsterdam [u.a.] |w (DE-627)ELV023730552 |
| 773 | 1 | 8 | |g volume:131 |g year:2016 |g pages:75-83 |g extent:9 |
| 856 | 4 | 0 | |u https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2016.03.008 |3 Volltext |
| 912 | |a GBV_USEFLAG_U | ||
| 912 | |a GBV_ELV | ||
| 912 | |a SYSFLAG_U | ||
| 912 | |a SSG-OLC-PHA | ||
| 951 | |a AR | ||
| 952 | |d 131 |j 2016 |h 75-83 |g 9 | ||
| 953 | |2 045F |a 550 | ||
| author_variant |
m j mj |
|---|---|
| matchkey_str |
jutrasmathildevancoppenollemartinloureno:2016----:hroyaisflsadnwcfrainnhat |
| hierarchy_sort_str |
2016transfer abstract |
| publishDate |
2016 |
| allfields |
10.1016/j.dsr2.2016.03.008 doi GBVA2016016000018.pica (DE-627)ELV040127427 (ELSEVIER)S0967-0645(16)30035-2 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 550 550 DE-600 610 VZ 600 540 VZ Jutras, Mathilde verfasserin aut Thermodynamics of slush and snow–ice formation in the Antarctic sea-ice zone 2016transfer abstract 9 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier Snow over Antarctic sea ice is often flooded by brine or seawater, particularly in spring, forming slush and snow ice. Here, we evaluate the representation of the thermodynamics of slush and snow–ice formation in large-scale sea-ice models, using laboratory experiments (NaCl solutions poured into grated ice in an isolated container). Scaling analysis highlights latent heat as the main term of the energy budget. The temperature of the new sea ice immediately after flooding is found very close to the saltwater freezing point, whereas its bulk salinity is typically > 20 g / kg . Large-scale sea-ice models faithfully represent such physics, yet the uncertainty on the origin of flooding saltwater impacts the calculated new ice temperature, because of the different salinities of seawater and brine. The laboratory experiments also suggest a potential limitation to the existing physical representations of flooding: for brine fractions > 60 % , ice crystals start floating upon saltwater. Natural sea-ice observations suggest that the isolated system assumption holds for a few hours at most, after which rapid heat and salt exchanges mostly destroy the initial flooding signature on temperature and salinity. A small footprint on ice salinity remains however, natural snow ice is found 3–5g/kg more saline than other forms of sea ice. Snow over Antarctic sea ice is often flooded by brine or seawater, particularly in spring, forming slush and snow ice. Here, we evaluate the representation of the thermodynamics of slush and snow–ice formation in large-scale sea-ice models, using laboratory experiments (NaCl solutions poured into grated ice in an isolated container). Scaling analysis highlights latent heat as the main term of the energy budget. The temperature of the new sea ice immediately after flooding is found very close to the saltwater freezing point, whereas its bulk salinity is typically > 20 g / kg . Large-scale sea-ice models faithfully represent such physics, yet the uncertainty on the origin of flooding saltwater impacts the calculated new ice temperature, because of the different salinities of seawater and brine. The laboratory experiments also suggest a potential limitation to the existing physical representations of flooding: for brine fractions > 60 % , ice crystals start floating upon saltwater. Natural sea-ice observations suggest that the isolated system assumption holds for a few hours at most, after which rapid heat and salt exchanges mostly destroy the initial flooding signature on temperature and salinity. A small footprint on ice salinity remains however, natural snow ice is found 3–5g/kg more saline than other forms of sea ice. Thermodynamics Elsevier Slush Elsevier Snow ice Elsevier Antarctic Elsevier Vancoppenolle, Martin oth Lourenço, Antonio oth Vivier, Frédéric oth Carnat, Gauthier oth Madec, Gurvan oth Rousset, Clément oth Tison, Jean-Louis oth Enthalten in Elsevier Science Kaushal, A. ELSEVIER THE RISK OF OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA IN A HEALTHY, MIDDLE-AGED NORTH AMERICAN POPULATION: INSIGHTS FROM THE PRIMARY CARE AUDIT OF GLOBAL RISK MANAGEMENT (PARADIGM) STUDY 2015 Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV023730552 volume:131 year:2016 pages:75-83 extent:9 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2016.03.008 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U SSG-OLC-PHA AR 131 2016 75-83 9 045F 550 |
| spelling |
10.1016/j.dsr2.2016.03.008 doi GBVA2016016000018.pica (DE-627)ELV040127427 (ELSEVIER)S0967-0645(16)30035-2 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 550 550 DE-600 610 VZ 600 540 VZ Jutras, Mathilde verfasserin aut Thermodynamics of slush and snow–ice formation in the Antarctic sea-ice zone 2016transfer abstract 9 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier Snow over Antarctic sea ice is often flooded by brine or seawater, particularly in spring, forming slush and snow ice. Here, we evaluate the representation of the thermodynamics of slush and snow–ice formation in large-scale sea-ice models, using laboratory experiments (NaCl solutions poured into grated ice in an isolated container). Scaling analysis highlights latent heat as the main term of the energy budget. The temperature of the new sea ice immediately after flooding is found very close to the saltwater freezing point, whereas its bulk salinity is typically > 20 g / kg . Large-scale sea-ice models faithfully represent such physics, yet the uncertainty on the origin of flooding saltwater impacts the calculated new ice temperature, because of the different salinities of seawater and brine. The laboratory experiments also suggest a potential limitation to the existing physical representations of flooding: for brine fractions > 60 % , ice crystals start floating upon saltwater. Natural sea-ice observations suggest that the isolated system assumption holds for a few hours at most, after which rapid heat and salt exchanges mostly destroy the initial flooding signature on temperature and salinity. A small footprint on ice salinity remains however, natural snow ice is found 3–5g/kg more saline than other forms of sea ice. Snow over Antarctic sea ice is often flooded by brine or seawater, particularly in spring, forming slush and snow ice. Here, we evaluate the representation of the thermodynamics of slush and snow–ice formation in large-scale sea-ice models, using laboratory experiments (NaCl solutions poured into grated ice in an isolated container). Scaling analysis highlights latent heat as the main term of the energy budget. The temperature of the new sea ice immediately after flooding is found very close to the saltwater freezing point, whereas its bulk salinity is typically > 20 g / kg . Large-scale sea-ice models faithfully represent such physics, yet the uncertainty on the origin of flooding saltwater impacts the calculated new ice temperature, because of the different salinities of seawater and brine. The laboratory experiments also suggest a potential limitation to the existing physical representations of flooding: for brine fractions > 60 % , ice crystals start floating upon saltwater. Natural sea-ice observations suggest that the isolated system assumption holds for a few hours at most, after which rapid heat and salt exchanges mostly destroy the initial flooding signature on temperature and salinity. A small footprint on ice salinity remains however, natural snow ice is found 3–5g/kg more saline than other forms of sea ice. Thermodynamics Elsevier Slush Elsevier Snow ice Elsevier Antarctic Elsevier Vancoppenolle, Martin oth Lourenço, Antonio oth Vivier, Frédéric oth Carnat, Gauthier oth Madec, Gurvan oth Rousset, Clément oth Tison, Jean-Louis oth Enthalten in Elsevier Science Kaushal, A. ELSEVIER THE RISK OF OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA IN A HEALTHY, MIDDLE-AGED NORTH AMERICAN POPULATION: INSIGHTS FROM THE PRIMARY CARE AUDIT OF GLOBAL RISK MANAGEMENT (PARADIGM) STUDY 2015 Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV023730552 volume:131 year:2016 pages:75-83 extent:9 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2016.03.008 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U SSG-OLC-PHA AR 131 2016 75-83 9 045F 550 |
| allfields_unstemmed |
10.1016/j.dsr2.2016.03.008 doi GBVA2016016000018.pica (DE-627)ELV040127427 (ELSEVIER)S0967-0645(16)30035-2 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 550 550 DE-600 610 VZ 600 540 VZ Jutras, Mathilde verfasserin aut Thermodynamics of slush and snow–ice formation in the Antarctic sea-ice zone 2016transfer abstract 9 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier Snow over Antarctic sea ice is often flooded by brine or seawater, particularly in spring, forming slush and snow ice. Here, we evaluate the representation of the thermodynamics of slush and snow–ice formation in large-scale sea-ice models, using laboratory experiments (NaCl solutions poured into grated ice in an isolated container). Scaling analysis highlights latent heat as the main term of the energy budget. The temperature of the new sea ice immediately after flooding is found very close to the saltwater freezing point, whereas its bulk salinity is typically > 20 g / kg . Large-scale sea-ice models faithfully represent such physics, yet the uncertainty on the origin of flooding saltwater impacts the calculated new ice temperature, because of the different salinities of seawater and brine. The laboratory experiments also suggest a potential limitation to the existing physical representations of flooding: for brine fractions > 60 % , ice crystals start floating upon saltwater. Natural sea-ice observations suggest that the isolated system assumption holds for a few hours at most, after which rapid heat and salt exchanges mostly destroy the initial flooding signature on temperature and salinity. A small footprint on ice salinity remains however, natural snow ice is found 3–5g/kg more saline than other forms of sea ice. Snow over Antarctic sea ice is often flooded by brine or seawater, particularly in spring, forming slush and snow ice. Here, we evaluate the representation of the thermodynamics of slush and snow–ice formation in large-scale sea-ice models, using laboratory experiments (NaCl solutions poured into grated ice in an isolated container). Scaling analysis highlights latent heat as the main term of the energy budget. The temperature of the new sea ice immediately after flooding is found very close to the saltwater freezing point, whereas its bulk salinity is typically > 20 g / kg . Large-scale sea-ice models faithfully represent such physics, yet the uncertainty on the origin of flooding saltwater impacts the calculated new ice temperature, because of the different salinities of seawater and brine. The laboratory experiments also suggest a potential limitation to the existing physical representations of flooding: for brine fractions > 60 % , ice crystals start floating upon saltwater. Natural sea-ice observations suggest that the isolated system assumption holds for a few hours at most, after which rapid heat and salt exchanges mostly destroy the initial flooding signature on temperature and salinity. A small footprint on ice salinity remains however, natural snow ice is found 3–5g/kg more saline than other forms of sea ice. Thermodynamics Elsevier Slush Elsevier Snow ice Elsevier Antarctic Elsevier Vancoppenolle, Martin oth Lourenço, Antonio oth Vivier, Frédéric oth Carnat, Gauthier oth Madec, Gurvan oth Rousset, Clément oth Tison, Jean-Louis oth Enthalten in Elsevier Science Kaushal, A. ELSEVIER THE RISK OF OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA IN A HEALTHY, MIDDLE-AGED NORTH AMERICAN POPULATION: INSIGHTS FROM THE PRIMARY CARE AUDIT OF GLOBAL RISK MANAGEMENT (PARADIGM) STUDY 2015 Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV023730552 volume:131 year:2016 pages:75-83 extent:9 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2016.03.008 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U SSG-OLC-PHA AR 131 2016 75-83 9 045F 550 |
| allfieldsGer |
10.1016/j.dsr2.2016.03.008 doi GBVA2016016000018.pica (DE-627)ELV040127427 (ELSEVIER)S0967-0645(16)30035-2 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 550 550 DE-600 610 VZ 600 540 VZ Jutras, Mathilde verfasserin aut Thermodynamics of slush and snow–ice formation in the Antarctic sea-ice zone 2016transfer abstract 9 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier Snow over Antarctic sea ice is often flooded by brine or seawater, particularly in spring, forming slush and snow ice. Here, we evaluate the representation of the thermodynamics of slush and snow–ice formation in large-scale sea-ice models, using laboratory experiments (NaCl solutions poured into grated ice in an isolated container). Scaling analysis highlights latent heat as the main term of the energy budget. The temperature of the new sea ice immediately after flooding is found very close to the saltwater freezing point, whereas its bulk salinity is typically > 20 g / kg . Large-scale sea-ice models faithfully represent such physics, yet the uncertainty on the origin of flooding saltwater impacts the calculated new ice temperature, because of the different salinities of seawater and brine. The laboratory experiments also suggest a potential limitation to the existing physical representations of flooding: for brine fractions > 60 % , ice crystals start floating upon saltwater. Natural sea-ice observations suggest that the isolated system assumption holds for a few hours at most, after which rapid heat and salt exchanges mostly destroy the initial flooding signature on temperature and salinity. A small footprint on ice salinity remains however, natural snow ice is found 3–5g/kg more saline than other forms of sea ice. Snow over Antarctic sea ice is often flooded by brine or seawater, particularly in spring, forming slush and snow ice. Here, we evaluate the representation of the thermodynamics of slush and snow–ice formation in large-scale sea-ice models, using laboratory experiments (NaCl solutions poured into grated ice in an isolated container). Scaling analysis highlights latent heat as the main term of the energy budget. The temperature of the new sea ice immediately after flooding is found very close to the saltwater freezing point, whereas its bulk salinity is typically > 20 g / kg . Large-scale sea-ice models faithfully represent such physics, yet the uncertainty on the origin of flooding saltwater impacts the calculated new ice temperature, because of the different salinities of seawater and brine. The laboratory experiments also suggest a potential limitation to the existing physical representations of flooding: for brine fractions > 60 % , ice crystals start floating upon saltwater. Natural sea-ice observations suggest that the isolated system assumption holds for a few hours at most, after which rapid heat and salt exchanges mostly destroy the initial flooding signature on temperature and salinity. A small footprint on ice salinity remains however, natural snow ice is found 3–5g/kg more saline than other forms of sea ice. Thermodynamics Elsevier Slush Elsevier Snow ice Elsevier Antarctic Elsevier Vancoppenolle, Martin oth Lourenço, Antonio oth Vivier, Frédéric oth Carnat, Gauthier oth Madec, Gurvan oth Rousset, Clément oth Tison, Jean-Louis oth Enthalten in Elsevier Science Kaushal, A. ELSEVIER THE RISK OF OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA IN A HEALTHY, MIDDLE-AGED NORTH AMERICAN POPULATION: INSIGHTS FROM THE PRIMARY CARE AUDIT OF GLOBAL RISK MANAGEMENT (PARADIGM) STUDY 2015 Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV023730552 volume:131 year:2016 pages:75-83 extent:9 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2016.03.008 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U SSG-OLC-PHA AR 131 2016 75-83 9 045F 550 |
| allfieldsSound |
10.1016/j.dsr2.2016.03.008 doi GBVA2016016000018.pica (DE-627)ELV040127427 (ELSEVIER)S0967-0645(16)30035-2 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 550 550 DE-600 610 VZ 600 540 VZ Jutras, Mathilde verfasserin aut Thermodynamics of slush and snow–ice formation in the Antarctic sea-ice zone 2016transfer abstract 9 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier Snow over Antarctic sea ice is often flooded by brine or seawater, particularly in spring, forming slush and snow ice. Here, we evaluate the representation of the thermodynamics of slush and snow–ice formation in large-scale sea-ice models, using laboratory experiments (NaCl solutions poured into grated ice in an isolated container). Scaling analysis highlights latent heat as the main term of the energy budget. The temperature of the new sea ice immediately after flooding is found very close to the saltwater freezing point, whereas its bulk salinity is typically > 20 g / kg . Large-scale sea-ice models faithfully represent such physics, yet the uncertainty on the origin of flooding saltwater impacts the calculated new ice temperature, because of the different salinities of seawater and brine. The laboratory experiments also suggest a potential limitation to the existing physical representations of flooding: for brine fractions > 60 % , ice crystals start floating upon saltwater. Natural sea-ice observations suggest that the isolated system assumption holds for a few hours at most, after which rapid heat and salt exchanges mostly destroy the initial flooding signature on temperature and salinity. A small footprint on ice salinity remains however, natural snow ice is found 3–5g/kg more saline than other forms of sea ice. Snow over Antarctic sea ice is often flooded by brine or seawater, particularly in spring, forming slush and snow ice. Here, we evaluate the representation of the thermodynamics of slush and snow–ice formation in large-scale sea-ice models, using laboratory experiments (NaCl solutions poured into grated ice in an isolated container). Scaling analysis highlights latent heat as the main term of the energy budget. The temperature of the new sea ice immediately after flooding is found very close to the saltwater freezing point, whereas its bulk salinity is typically > 20 g / kg . Large-scale sea-ice models faithfully represent such physics, yet the uncertainty on the origin of flooding saltwater impacts the calculated new ice temperature, because of the different salinities of seawater and brine. The laboratory experiments also suggest a potential limitation to the existing physical representations of flooding: for brine fractions > 60 % , ice crystals start floating upon saltwater. Natural sea-ice observations suggest that the isolated system assumption holds for a few hours at most, after which rapid heat and salt exchanges mostly destroy the initial flooding signature on temperature and salinity. A small footprint on ice salinity remains however, natural snow ice is found 3–5g/kg more saline than other forms of sea ice. Thermodynamics Elsevier Slush Elsevier Snow ice Elsevier Antarctic Elsevier Vancoppenolle, Martin oth Lourenço, Antonio oth Vivier, Frédéric oth Carnat, Gauthier oth Madec, Gurvan oth Rousset, Clément oth Tison, Jean-Louis oth Enthalten in Elsevier Science Kaushal, A. ELSEVIER THE RISK OF OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA IN A HEALTHY, MIDDLE-AGED NORTH AMERICAN POPULATION: INSIGHTS FROM THE PRIMARY CARE AUDIT OF GLOBAL RISK MANAGEMENT (PARADIGM) STUDY 2015 Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV023730552 volume:131 year:2016 pages:75-83 extent:9 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2016.03.008 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U SSG-OLC-PHA AR 131 2016 75-83 9 045F 550 |
| language |
English |
| source |
Enthalten in THE RISK OF OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA IN A HEALTHY, MIDDLE-AGED NORTH AMERICAN POPULATION: INSIGHTS FROM THE PRIMARY CARE AUDIT OF GLOBAL RISK MANAGEMENT (PARADIGM) STUDY Amsterdam [u.a.] volume:131 year:2016 pages:75-83 extent:9 |
| sourceStr |
Enthalten in THE RISK OF OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA IN A HEALTHY, MIDDLE-AGED NORTH AMERICAN POPULATION: INSIGHTS FROM THE PRIMARY CARE AUDIT OF GLOBAL RISK MANAGEMENT (PARADIGM) STUDY Amsterdam [u.a.] volume:131 year:2016 pages:75-83 extent:9 |
| format_phy_str_mv |
Article |
| institution |
findex.gbv.de |
| topic_facet |
Thermodynamics Slush Snow ice Antarctic |
| dewey-raw |
550 |
| isfreeaccess_bool |
false |
| container_title |
THE RISK OF OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA IN A HEALTHY, MIDDLE-AGED NORTH AMERICAN POPULATION: INSIGHTS FROM THE PRIMARY CARE AUDIT OF GLOBAL RISK MANAGEMENT (PARADIGM) STUDY |
| authorswithroles_txt_mv |
Jutras, Mathilde @@aut@@ Vancoppenolle, Martin @@oth@@ Lourenço, Antonio @@oth@@ Vivier, Frédéric @@oth@@ Carnat, Gauthier @@oth@@ Madec, Gurvan @@oth@@ Rousset, Clément @@oth@@ Tison, Jean-Louis @@oth@@ |
| publishDateDaySort_date |
2016-01-01T00:00:00Z |
| hierarchy_top_id |
ELV023730552 |
| dewey-sort |
3550 |
| id |
ELV040127427 |
| language_de |
englisch |
| fullrecord |
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim"><record><leader>01000caa a22002652 4500</leader><controlfield tag="001">ELV040127427</controlfield><controlfield tag="003">DE-627</controlfield><controlfield tag="005">20230625230934.0</controlfield><controlfield tag="007">cr uuu---uuuuu</controlfield><controlfield tag="008">180603s2016 xx |||||o 00| ||eng c</controlfield><datafield tag="024" ind1="7" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">10.1016/j.dsr2.2016.03.008</subfield><subfield code="2">doi</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="028" ind1="5" ind2="2"><subfield code="a">GBVA2016016000018.pica</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-627)ELV040127427</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(ELSEVIER)S0967-0645(16)30035-2</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="040" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-627</subfield><subfield code="b">ger</subfield><subfield code="c">DE-627</subfield><subfield code="e">rakwb</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="041" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">eng</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="082" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">550</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="082" ind1="0" ind2="4"><subfield code="a">550</subfield><subfield code="q">DE-600</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="082" ind1="0" ind2="4"><subfield code="a">610</subfield><subfield code="q">VZ</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="082" ind1="0" ind2="4"><subfield code="a">600</subfield><subfield code="a">540</subfield><subfield code="q">VZ</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="100" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Jutras, Mathilde</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Thermodynamics of slush and snow–ice formation in the Antarctic sea-ice zone</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="c">2016transfer abstract</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="300" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">9</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">nicht spezifiziert</subfield><subfield code="b">zzz</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">nicht spezifiziert</subfield><subfield code="b">z</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">nicht spezifiziert</subfield><subfield code="b">zu</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Snow over Antarctic sea ice is often flooded by brine or seawater, particularly in spring, forming slush and snow ice. Here, we evaluate the representation of the thermodynamics of slush and snow–ice formation in large-scale sea-ice models, using laboratory experiments (NaCl solutions poured into grated ice in an isolated container). Scaling analysis highlights latent heat as the main term of the energy budget. The temperature of the new sea ice immediately after flooding is found very close to the saltwater freezing point, whereas its bulk salinity is typically > 20 g / kg . Large-scale sea-ice models faithfully represent such physics, yet the uncertainty on the origin of flooding saltwater impacts the calculated new ice temperature, because of the different salinities of seawater and brine. The laboratory experiments also suggest a potential limitation to the existing physical representations of flooding: for brine fractions > 60 % , ice crystals start floating upon saltwater. Natural sea-ice observations suggest that the isolated system assumption holds for a few hours at most, after which rapid heat and salt exchanges mostly destroy the initial flooding signature on temperature and salinity. A small footprint on ice salinity remains however, natural snow ice is found 3–5g/kg more saline than other forms of sea ice.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Snow over Antarctic sea ice is often flooded by brine or seawater, particularly in spring, forming slush and snow ice. Here, we evaluate the representation of the thermodynamics of slush and snow–ice formation in large-scale sea-ice models, using laboratory experiments (NaCl solutions poured into grated ice in an isolated container). Scaling analysis highlights latent heat as the main term of the energy budget. The temperature of the new sea ice immediately after flooding is found very close to the saltwater freezing point, whereas its bulk salinity is typically > 20 g / kg . Large-scale sea-ice models faithfully represent such physics, yet the uncertainty on the origin of flooding saltwater impacts the calculated new ice temperature, because of the different salinities of seawater and brine. The laboratory experiments also suggest a potential limitation to the existing physical representations of flooding: for brine fractions > 60 % , ice crystals start floating upon saltwater. Natural sea-ice observations suggest that the isolated system assumption holds for a few hours at most, after which rapid heat and salt exchanges mostly destroy the initial flooding signature on temperature and salinity. A small footprint on ice salinity remains however, natural snow ice is found 3–5g/kg more saline than other forms of sea ice.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Thermodynamics</subfield><subfield code="2">Elsevier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Slush</subfield><subfield code="2">Elsevier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Snow ice</subfield><subfield code="2">Elsevier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Antarctic</subfield><subfield code="2">Elsevier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Vancoppenolle, Martin</subfield><subfield code="4">oth</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Lourenço, Antonio</subfield><subfield code="4">oth</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Vivier, Frédéric</subfield><subfield code="4">oth</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Carnat, Gauthier</subfield><subfield code="4">oth</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Madec, Gurvan</subfield><subfield code="4">oth</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Rousset, Clément</subfield><subfield code="4">oth</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Tison, Jean-Louis</subfield><subfield code="4">oth</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="773" ind1="0" ind2="8"><subfield code="i">Enthalten in</subfield><subfield code="n">Elsevier Science</subfield><subfield code="a">Kaushal, A. ELSEVIER</subfield><subfield code="t">THE RISK OF OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA IN A HEALTHY, MIDDLE-AGED NORTH AMERICAN POPULATION: INSIGHTS FROM THE PRIMARY CARE AUDIT OF GLOBAL RISK MANAGEMENT (PARADIGM) STUDY</subfield><subfield code="d">2015</subfield><subfield code="g">Amsterdam [u.a.]</subfield><subfield code="w">(DE-627)ELV023730552</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="773" ind1="1" ind2="8"><subfield code="g">volume:131</subfield><subfield code="g">year:2016</subfield><subfield code="g">pages:75-83</subfield><subfield code="g">extent:9</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="0"><subfield code="u">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2016.03.008</subfield><subfield code="3">Volltext</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_USEFLAG_U</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ELV</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">SYSFLAG_U</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">SSG-OLC-PHA</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="951" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">AR</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="952" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="d">131</subfield><subfield code="j">2016</subfield><subfield code="h">75-83</subfield><subfield code="g">9</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="953" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">045F</subfield><subfield code="a">550</subfield></datafield></record></collection>
|
| author |
Jutras, Mathilde |
| spellingShingle |
Jutras, Mathilde ddc 550 ddc 610 ddc 600 Elsevier Thermodynamics Elsevier Slush Elsevier Snow ice Elsevier Antarctic Thermodynamics of slush and snow–ice formation in the Antarctic sea-ice zone |
| authorStr |
Jutras, Mathilde |
| ppnlink_with_tag_str_mv |
@@773@@(DE-627)ELV023730552 |
| format |
electronic Article |
| dewey-ones |
550 - Earth sciences 610 - Medicine & health 600 - Technology 540 - Chemistry & allied sciences |
| delete_txt_mv |
keep |
| author_role |
aut |
| collection |
elsevier |
| remote_str |
true |
| illustrated |
Not Illustrated |
| topic_title |
550 550 DE-600 610 VZ 600 540 VZ Thermodynamics of slush and snow–ice formation in the Antarctic sea-ice zone Thermodynamics Elsevier Slush Elsevier Snow ice Elsevier Antarctic Elsevier |
| topic |
ddc 550 ddc 610 ddc 600 Elsevier Thermodynamics Elsevier Slush Elsevier Snow ice Elsevier Antarctic |
| topic_unstemmed |
ddc 550 ddc 610 ddc 600 Elsevier Thermodynamics Elsevier Slush Elsevier Snow ice Elsevier Antarctic |
| topic_browse |
ddc 550 ddc 610 ddc 600 Elsevier Thermodynamics Elsevier Slush Elsevier Snow ice Elsevier Antarctic |
| format_facet |
Elektronische Aufsätze Aufsätze Elektronische Ressource |
| format_main_str_mv |
Text Zeitschrift/Artikel |
| carriertype_str_mv |
zu |
| author2_variant |
m v mv a l al f v fv g c gc g m gm c r cr j l t jlt |
| hierarchy_parent_title |
THE RISK OF OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA IN A HEALTHY, MIDDLE-AGED NORTH AMERICAN POPULATION: INSIGHTS FROM THE PRIMARY CARE AUDIT OF GLOBAL RISK MANAGEMENT (PARADIGM) STUDY |
| hierarchy_parent_id |
ELV023730552 |
| dewey-tens |
550 - Earth sciences & geology 610 - Medicine & health 600 - Technology 540 - Chemistry |
| hierarchy_top_title |
THE RISK OF OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA IN A HEALTHY, MIDDLE-AGED NORTH AMERICAN POPULATION: INSIGHTS FROM THE PRIMARY CARE AUDIT OF GLOBAL RISK MANAGEMENT (PARADIGM) STUDY |
| isfreeaccess_txt |
false |
| familylinks_str_mv |
(DE-627)ELV023730552 |
| title |
Thermodynamics of slush and snow–ice formation in the Antarctic sea-ice zone |
| ctrlnum |
(DE-627)ELV040127427 (ELSEVIER)S0967-0645(16)30035-2 |
| title_full |
Thermodynamics of slush and snow–ice formation in the Antarctic sea-ice zone |
| author_sort |
Jutras, Mathilde |
| journal |
THE RISK OF OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA IN A HEALTHY, MIDDLE-AGED NORTH AMERICAN POPULATION: INSIGHTS FROM THE PRIMARY CARE AUDIT OF GLOBAL RISK MANAGEMENT (PARADIGM) STUDY |
| journalStr |
THE RISK OF OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA IN A HEALTHY, MIDDLE-AGED NORTH AMERICAN POPULATION: INSIGHTS FROM THE PRIMARY CARE AUDIT OF GLOBAL RISK MANAGEMENT (PARADIGM) STUDY |
| lang_code |
eng |
| isOA_bool |
false |
| dewey-hundreds |
500 - Science 600 - Technology |
| recordtype |
marc |
| publishDateSort |
2016 |
| contenttype_str_mv |
zzz |
| container_start_page |
75 |
| author_browse |
Jutras, Mathilde |
| container_volume |
131 |
| physical |
9 |
| class |
550 550 DE-600 610 VZ 600 540 VZ |
| format_se |
Elektronische Aufsätze |
| author-letter |
Jutras, Mathilde |
| doi_str_mv |
10.1016/j.dsr2.2016.03.008 |
| dewey-full |
550 610 600 540 |
| title_sort |
thermodynamics of slush and snow–ice formation in the antarctic sea-ice zone |
| title_auth |
Thermodynamics of slush and snow–ice formation in the Antarctic sea-ice zone |
| abstract |
Snow over Antarctic sea ice is often flooded by brine or seawater, particularly in spring, forming slush and snow ice. Here, we evaluate the representation of the thermodynamics of slush and snow–ice formation in large-scale sea-ice models, using laboratory experiments (NaCl solutions poured into grated ice in an isolated container). Scaling analysis highlights latent heat as the main term of the energy budget. The temperature of the new sea ice immediately after flooding is found very close to the saltwater freezing point, whereas its bulk salinity is typically > 20 g / kg . Large-scale sea-ice models faithfully represent such physics, yet the uncertainty on the origin of flooding saltwater impacts the calculated new ice temperature, because of the different salinities of seawater and brine. The laboratory experiments also suggest a potential limitation to the existing physical representations of flooding: for brine fractions > 60 % , ice crystals start floating upon saltwater. Natural sea-ice observations suggest that the isolated system assumption holds for a few hours at most, after which rapid heat and salt exchanges mostly destroy the initial flooding signature on temperature and salinity. A small footprint on ice salinity remains however, natural snow ice is found 3–5g/kg more saline than other forms of sea ice. |
| abstractGer |
Snow over Antarctic sea ice is often flooded by brine or seawater, particularly in spring, forming slush and snow ice. Here, we evaluate the representation of the thermodynamics of slush and snow–ice formation in large-scale sea-ice models, using laboratory experiments (NaCl solutions poured into grated ice in an isolated container). Scaling analysis highlights latent heat as the main term of the energy budget. The temperature of the new sea ice immediately after flooding is found very close to the saltwater freezing point, whereas its bulk salinity is typically > 20 g / kg . Large-scale sea-ice models faithfully represent such physics, yet the uncertainty on the origin of flooding saltwater impacts the calculated new ice temperature, because of the different salinities of seawater and brine. The laboratory experiments also suggest a potential limitation to the existing physical representations of flooding: for brine fractions > 60 % , ice crystals start floating upon saltwater. Natural sea-ice observations suggest that the isolated system assumption holds for a few hours at most, after which rapid heat and salt exchanges mostly destroy the initial flooding signature on temperature and salinity. A small footprint on ice salinity remains however, natural snow ice is found 3–5g/kg more saline than other forms of sea ice. |
| abstract_unstemmed |
Snow over Antarctic sea ice is often flooded by brine or seawater, particularly in spring, forming slush and snow ice. Here, we evaluate the representation of the thermodynamics of slush and snow–ice formation in large-scale sea-ice models, using laboratory experiments (NaCl solutions poured into grated ice in an isolated container). Scaling analysis highlights latent heat as the main term of the energy budget. The temperature of the new sea ice immediately after flooding is found very close to the saltwater freezing point, whereas its bulk salinity is typically > 20 g / kg . Large-scale sea-ice models faithfully represent such physics, yet the uncertainty on the origin of flooding saltwater impacts the calculated new ice temperature, because of the different salinities of seawater and brine. The laboratory experiments also suggest a potential limitation to the existing physical representations of flooding: for brine fractions > 60 % , ice crystals start floating upon saltwater. Natural sea-ice observations suggest that the isolated system assumption holds for a few hours at most, after which rapid heat and salt exchanges mostly destroy the initial flooding signature on temperature and salinity. A small footprint on ice salinity remains however, natural snow ice is found 3–5g/kg more saline than other forms of sea ice. |
| collection_details |
GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U SSG-OLC-PHA |
| title_short |
Thermodynamics of slush and snow–ice formation in the Antarctic sea-ice zone |
| url |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2016.03.008 |
| remote_bool |
true |
| author2 |
Vancoppenolle, Martin Lourenço, Antonio Vivier, Frédéric Carnat, Gauthier Madec, Gurvan Rousset, Clément Tison, Jean-Louis |
| author2Str |
Vancoppenolle, Martin Lourenço, Antonio Vivier, Frédéric Carnat, Gauthier Madec, Gurvan Rousset, Clément Tison, Jean-Louis |
| ppnlink |
ELV023730552 |
| mediatype_str_mv |
z |
| isOA_txt |
false |
| hochschulschrift_bool |
false |
| author2_role |
oth oth oth oth oth oth oth |
| doi_str |
10.1016/j.dsr2.2016.03.008 |
| up_date |
2024-07-06T16:43:34.160Z |
| _version_ |
1803848740148084736 |
| fullrecord_marcxml |
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim"><record><leader>01000caa a22002652 4500</leader><controlfield tag="001">ELV040127427</controlfield><controlfield tag="003">DE-627</controlfield><controlfield tag="005">20230625230934.0</controlfield><controlfield tag="007">cr uuu---uuuuu</controlfield><controlfield tag="008">180603s2016 xx |||||o 00| ||eng c</controlfield><datafield tag="024" ind1="7" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">10.1016/j.dsr2.2016.03.008</subfield><subfield code="2">doi</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="028" ind1="5" ind2="2"><subfield code="a">GBVA2016016000018.pica</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-627)ELV040127427</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(ELSEVIER)S0967-0645(16)30035-2</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="040" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-627</subfield><subfield code="b">ger</subfield><subfield code="c">DE-627</subfield><subfield code="e">rakwb</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="041" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">eng</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="082" ind1="0" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">550</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="082" ind1="0" ind2="4"><subfield code="a">550</subfield><subfield code="q">DE-600</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="082" ind1="0" ind2="4"><subfield code="a">610</subfield><subfield code="q">VZ</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="082" ind1="0" ind2="4"><subfield code="a">600</subfield><subfield code="a">540</subfield><subfield code="q">VZ</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="100" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Jutras, Mathilde</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Thermodynamics of slush and snow–ice formation in the Antarctic sea-ice zone</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="c">2016transfer abstract</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="300" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">9</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">nicht spezifiziert</subfield><subfield code="b">zzz</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">nicht spezifiziert</subfield><subfield code="b">z</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">nicht spezifiziert</subfield><subfield code="b">zu</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Snow over Antarctic sea ice is often flooded by brine or seawater, particularly in spring, forming slush and snow ice. Here, we evaluate the representation of the thermodynamics of slush and snow–ice formation in large-scale sea-ice models, using laboratory experiments (NaCl solutions poured into grated ice in an isolated container). Scaling analysis highlights latent heat as the main term of the energy budget. The temperature of the new sea ice immediately after flooding is found very close to the saltwater freezing point, whereas its bulk salinity is typically > 20 g / kg . Large-scale sea-ice models faithfully represent such physics, yet the uncertainty on the origin of flooding saltwater impacts the calculated new ice temperature, because of the different salinities of seawater and brine. The laboratory experiments also suggest a potential limitation to the existing physical representations of flooding: for brine fractions > 60 % , ice crystals start floating upon saltwater. Natural sea-ice observations suggest that the isolated system assumption holds for a few hours at most, after which rapid heat and salt exchanges mostly destroy the initial flooding signature on temperature and salinity. A small footprint on ice salinity remains however, natural snow ice is found 3–5g/kg more saline than other forms of sea ice.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Snow over Antarctic sea ice is often flooded by brine or seawater, particularly in spring, forming slush and snow ice. Here, we evaluate the representation of the thermodynamics of slush and snow–ice formation in large-scale sea-ice models, using laboratory experiments (NaCl solutions poured into grated ice in an isolated container). Scaling analysis highlights latent heat as the main term of the energy budget. The temperature of the new sea ice immediately after flooding is found very close to the saltwater freezing point, whereas its bulk salinity is typically > 20 g / kg . Large-scale sea-ice models faithfully represent such physics, yet the uncertainty on the origin of flooding saltwater impacts the calculated new ice temperature, because of the different salinities of seawater and brine. The laboratory experiments also suggest a potential limitation to the existing physical representations of flooding: for brine fractions > 60 % , ice crystals start floating upon saltwater. Natural sea-ice observations suggest that the isolated system assumption holds for a few hours at most, after which rapid heat and salt exchanges mostly destroy the initial flooding signature on temperature and salinity. A small footprint on ice salinity remains however, natural snow ice is found 3–5g/kg more saline than other forms of sea ice.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Thermodynamics</subfield><subfield code="2">Elsevier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Slush</subfield><subfield code="2">Elsevier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Snow ice</subfield><subfield code="2">Elsevier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Antarctic</subfield><subfield code="2">Elsevier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Vancoppenolle, Martin</subfield><subfield code="4">oth</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Lourenço, Antonio</subfield><subfield code="4">oth</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Vivier, Frédéric</subfield><subfield code="4">oth</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Carnat, Gauthier</subfield><subfield code="4">oth</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Madec, Gurvan</subfield><subfield code="4">oth</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Rousset, Clément</subfield><subfield code="4">oth</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Tison, Jean-Louis</subfield><subfield code="4">oth</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="773" ind1="0" ind2="8"><subfield code="i">Enthalten in</subfield><subfield code="n">Elsevier Science</subfield><subfield code="a">Kaushal, A. ELSEVIER</subfield><subfield code="t">THE RISK OF OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA IN A HEALTHY, MIDDLE-AGED NORTH AMERICAN POPULATION: INSIGHTS FROM THE PRIMARY CARE AUDIT OF GLOBAL RISK MANAGEMENT (PARADIGM) STUDY</subfield><subfield code="d">2015</subfield><subfield code="g">Amsterdam [u.a.]</subfield><subfield code="w">(DE-627)ELV023730552</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="773" ind1="1" ind2="8"><subfield code="g">volume:131</subfield><subfield code="g">year:2016</subfield><subfield code="g">pages:75-83</subfield><subfield code="g">extent:9</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="0"><subfield code="u">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2016.03.008</subfield><subfield code="3">Volltext</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_USEFLAG_U</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ELV</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">SYSFLAG_U</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">SSG-OLC-PHA</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="951" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">AR</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="952" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="d">131</subfield><subfield code="j">2016</subfield><subfield code="h">75-83</subfield><subfield code="g">9</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="953" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="2">045F</subfield><subfield code="a">550</subfield></datafield></record></collection>
|
| score |
7.3987722 |