Secondary Structure Preferences of the Anthrax Toxin Protective Antigen Translocase
In order for many proteins to move across hydrophobic membrane bilayers, they must be unfolded and translocated by a membrane-embedded channel. These translocase channels interact with the substrate proteins they translocate via hydrophobic pore loops and cleft structures called clamps. The molecula...
Ausführliche Beschreibung
Gespeichert in:
| Autor*in: |
Das, Debasis [verfasserIn] |
|---|
| Format: |
E-Artikel |
|---|---|
| Sprache: |
Englisch |
| Erschienen: |
2017transfer abstract |
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| Umfang: |
10 |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
Enthalten in: Fabrication of chitin microspheres and their multipurpose application as catalyst support and adsorbent - Wang, Yuntao ELSEVIER, 2015, JMB, Amsterdam [u.a.] |
|---|---|
| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:429 ; year:2017 ; number:5 ; day:10 ; month:03 ; pages:753-762 ; extent:10 |
| Links: |
|---|
| DOI / URN: |
10.1016/j.jmb.2017.01.015 |
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ELV040592618 |
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| 520 | |a In order for many proteins to move across hydrophobic membrane bilayers, they must be unfolded and translocated by a membrane-embedded channel. These translocase channels interact with the substrate proteins they translocate via hydrophobic pore loops and cleft structures called clamps. The molecular basis for how clamps facilitate unfolding and translocation is poorly understood. Anthrax toxin is composed of three proteins, a translocase channel-forming subunit, called protective antigen (PA), and two substrate proteins, called lethal factor (LF) and edema factor. Oligomeric PA forms a large channel that contains three types of polypeptide clamp sites: an α clamp, a phenylalanine clamp, and a charge clamp. Currently, it is thought that these clamp sites operate allosterically and promote translocation via an allosteric helix compression mechanism. Here, we report on the substrate secondary structure dependence of the PA channel. Peptides derived from regions of LF with high α-helical content bound cooperatively, but those derived from β-sheet regions in LF did not, suggesting that an allosteric site preferentially recognizes α-helical structure over β-sheet structure. Peptides derived from helical sites in LF showed increasingly longer single-channel blockades as a function of peptide concentration, a result that was consistent with stronger clamping behavior and reduced backsliding. Moreover, peptides derived from helical regions of LF translocated more efficiently than peptides derived from β-sheet regions of LF. Overall, in support of the allosteric helix compression model, we find that the channel prefers α-helical sequences over β-sheet sequences. | ||
| 520 | |a In order for many proteins to move across hydrophobic membrane bilayers, they must be unfolded and translocated by a membrane-embedded channel. These translocase channels interact with the substrate proteins they translocate via hydrophobic pore loops and cleft structures called clamps. The molecular basis for how clamps facilitate unfolding and translocation is poorly understood. Anthrax toxin is composed of three proteins, a translocase channel-forming subunit, called protective antigen (PA), and two substrate proteins, called lethal factor (LF) and edema factor. Oligomeric PA forms a large channel that contains three types of polypeptide clamp sites: an α clamp, a phenylalanine clamp, and a charge clamp. Currently, it is thought that these clamp sites operate allosterically and promote translocation via an allosteric helix compression mechanism. Here, we report on the substrate secondary structure dependence of the PA channel. Peptides derived from regions of LF with high α-helical content bound cooperatively, but those derived from β-sheet regions in LF did not, suggesting that an allosteric site preferentially recognizes α-helical structure over β-sheet structure. Peptides derived from helical sites in LF showed increasingly longer single-channel blockades as a function of peptide concentration, a result that was consistent with stronger clamping behavior and reduced backsliding. Moreover, peptides derived from helical regions of LF translocated more efficiently than peptides derived from β-sheet regions of LF. Overall, in support of the allosteric helix compression model, we find that the channel prefers α-helical sequences over β-sheet sequences. | ||
| 700 | 1 | |a Krantz, Bryan A. |4 oth | |
| 773 | 0 | 8 | |i Enthalten in |n Elsevier |a Wang, Yuntao ELSEVIER |t Fabrication of chitin microspheres and their multipurpose application as catalyst support and adsorbent |d 2015 |d JMB |g Amsterdam [u.a.] |w (DE-627)ELV012766127 |
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2017 |
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10.1016/j.jmb.2017.01.015 doi GBV00000000000058A.pica (DE-627)ELV040592618 (ELSEVIER)S0022-2836(17)30043-8 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 570 610 570 DE-600 610 DE-600 540 VZ 660 VZ 540 VZ BIODIV DE-30 fid 42.13 bkl Das, Debasis verfasserin aut Secondary Structure Preferences of the Anthrax Toxin Protective Antigen Translocase 2017transfer abstract 10 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier In order for many proteins to move across hydrophobic membrane bilayers, they must be unfolded and translocated by a membrane-embedded channel. These translocase channels interact with the substrate proteins they translocate via hydrophobic pore loops and cleft structures called clamps. The molecular basis for how clamps facilitate unfolding and translocation is poorly understood. Anthrax toxin is composed of three proteins, a translocase channel-forming subunit, called protective antigen (PA), and two substrate proteins, called lethal factor (LF) and edema factor. Oligomeric PA forms a large channel that contains three types of polypeptide clamp sites: an α clamp, a phenylalanine clamp, and a charge clamp. Currently, it is thought that these clamp sites operate allosterically and promote translocation via an allosteric helix compression mechanism. Here, we report on the substrate secondary structure dependence of the PA channel. Peptides derived from regions of LF with high α-helical content bound cooperatively, but those derived from β-sheet regions in LF did not, suggesting that an allosteric site preferentially recognizes α-helical structure over β-sheet structure. Peptides derived from helical sites in LF showed increasingly longer single-channel blockades as a function of peptide concentration, a result that was consistent with stronger clamping behavior and reduced backsliding. Moreover, peptides derived from helical regions of LF translocated more efficiently than peptides derived from β-sheet regions of LF. Overall, in support of the allosteric helix compression model, we find that the channel prefers α-helical sequences over β-sheet sequences. In order for many proteins to move across hydrophobic membrane bilayers, they must be unfolded and translocated by a membrane-embedded channel. These translocase channels interact with the substrate proteins they translocate via hydrophobic pore loops and cleft structures called clamps. The molecular basis for how clamps facilitate unfolding and translocation is poorly understood. Anthrax toxin is composed of three proteins, a translocase channel-forming subunit, called protective antigen (PA), and two substrate proteins, called lethal factor (LF) and edema factor. Oligomeric PA forms a large channel that contains three types of polypeptide clamp sites: an α clamp, a phenylalanine clamp, and a charge clamp. Currently, it is thought that these clamp sites operate allosterically and promote translocation via an allosteric helix compression mechanism. Here, we report on the substrate secondary structure dependence of the PA channel. Peptides derived from regions of LF with high α-helical content bound cooperatively, but those derived from β-sheet regions in LF did not, suggesting that an allosteric site preferentially recognizes α-helical structure over β-sheet structure. Peptides derived from helical sites in LF showed increasingly longer single-channel blockades as a function of peptide concentration, a result that was consistent with stronger clamping behavior and reduced backsliding. Moreover, peptides derived from helical regions of LF translocated more efficiently than peptides derived from β-sheet regions of LF. Overall, in support of the allosteric helix compression model, we find that the channel prefers α-helical sequences over β-sheet sequences. Krantz, Bryan A. oth Enthalten in Elsevier Wang, Yuntao ELSEVIER Fabrication of chitin microspheres and their multipurpose application as catalyst support and adsorbent 2015 JMB Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV012766127 volume:429 year:2017 number:5 day:10 month:03 pages:753-762 extent:10 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmb.2017.01.015 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U FID-BIODIV SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_40 42.13 Molekularbiologie VZ AR 429 2017 5 10 0310 753-762 10 045F 570 |
| spelling |
10.1016/j.jmb.2017.01.015 doi GBV00000000000058A.pica (DE-627)ELV040592618 (ELSEVIER)S0022-2836(17)30043-8 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 570 610 570 DE-600 610 DE-600 540 VZ 660 VZ 540 VZ BIODIV DE-30 fid 42.13 bkl Das, Debasis verfasserin aut Secondary Structure Preferences of the Anthrax Toxin Protective Antigen Translocase 2017transfer abstract 10 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier In order for many proteins to move across hydrophobic membrane bilayers, they must be unfolded and translocated by a membrane-embedded channel. These translocase channels interact with the substrate proteins they translocate via hydrophobic pore loops and cleft structures called clamps. The molecular basis for how clamps facilitate unfolding and translocation is poorly understood. Anthrax toxin is composed of three proteins, a translocase channel-forming subunit, called protective antigen (PA), and two substrate proteins, called lethal factor (LF) and edema factor. Oligomeric PA forms a large channel that contains three types of polypeptide clamp sites: an α clamp, a phenylalanine clamp, and a charge clamp. Currently, it is thought that these clamp sites operate allosterically and promote translocation via an allosteric helix compression mechanism. Here, we report on the substrate secondary structure dependence of the PA channel. Peptides derived from regions of LF with high α-helical content bound cooperatively, but those derived from β-sheet regions in LF did not, suggesting that an allosteric site preferentially recognizes α-helical structure over β-sheet structure. Peptides derived from helical sites in LF showed increasingly longer single-channel blockades as a function of peptide concentration, a result that was consistent with stronger clamping behavior and reduced backsliding. Moreover, peptides derived from helical regions of LF translocated more efficiently than peptides derived from β-sheet regions of LF. Overall, in support of the allosteric helix compression model, we find that the channel prefers α-helical sequences over β-sheet sequences. In order for many proteins to move across hydrophobic membrane bilayers, they must be unfolded and translocated by a membrane-embedded channel. These translocase channels interact with the substrate proteins they translocate via hydrophobic pore loops and cleft structures called clamps. The molecular basis for how clamps facilitate unfolding and translocation is poorly understood. Anthrax toxin is composed of three proteins, a translocase channel-forming subunit, called protective antigen (PA), and two substrate proteins, called lethal factor (LF) and edema factor. Oligomeric PA forms a large channel that contains three types of polypeptide clamp sites: an α clamp, a phenylalanine clamp, and a charge clamp. Currently, it is thought that these clamp sites operate allosterically and promote translocation via an allosteric helix compression mechanism. Here, we report on the substrate secondary structure dependence of the PA channel. Peptides derived from regions of LF with high α-helical content bound cooperatively, but those derived from β-sheet regions in LF did not, suggesting that an allosteric site preferentially recognizes α-helical structure over β-sheet structure. Peptides derived from helical sites in LF showed increasingly longer single-channel blockades as a function of peptide concentration, a result that was consistent with stronger clamping behavior and reduced backsliding. Moreover, peptides derived from helical regions of LF translocated more efficiently than peptides derived from β-sheet regions of LF. Overall, in support of the allosteric helix compression model, we find that the channel prefers α-helical sequences over β-sheet sequences. Krantz, Bryan A. oth Enthalten in Elsevier Wang, Yuntao ELSEVIER Fabrication of chitin microspheres and their multipurpose application as catalyst support and adsorbent 2015 JMB Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV012766127 volume:429 year:2017 number:5 day:10 month:03 pages:753-762 extent:10 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmb.2017.01.015 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U FID-BIODIV SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_40 42.13 Molekularbiologie VZ AR 429 2017 5 10 0310 753-762 10 045F 570 |
| allfields_unstemmed |
10.1016/j.jmb.2017.01.015 doi GBV00000000000058A.pica (DE-627)ELV040592618 (ELSEVIER)S0022-2836(17)30043-8 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 570 610 570 DE-600 610 DE-600 540 VZ 660 VZ 540 VZ BIODIV DE-30 fid 42.13 bkl Das, Debasis verfasserin aut Secondary Structure Preferences of the Anthrax Toxin Protective Antigen Translocase 2017transfer abstract 10 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier In order for many proteins to move across hydrophobic membrane bilayers, they must be unfolded and translocated by a membrane-embedded channel. These translocase channels interact with the substrate proteins they translocate via hydrophobic pore loops and cleft structures called clamps. The molecular basis for how clamps facilitate unfolding and translocation is poorly understood. Anthrax toxin is composed of three proteins, a translocase channel-forming subunit, called protective antigen (PA), and two substrate proteins, called lethal factor (LF) and edema factor. Oligomeric PA forms a large channel that contains three types of polypeptide clamp sites: an α clamp, a phenylalanine clamp, and a charge clamp. Currently, it is thought that these clamp sites operate allosterically and promote translocation via an allosteric helix compression mechanism. Here, we report on the substrate secondary structure dependence of the PA channel. Peptides derived from regions of LF with high α-helical content bound cooperatively, but those derived from β-sheet regions in LF did not, suggesting that an allosteric site preferentially recognizes α-helical structure over β-sheet structure. Peptides derived from helical sites in LF showed increasingly longer single-channel blockades as a function of peptide concentration, a result that was consistent with stronger clamping behavior and reduced backsliding. Moreover, peptides derived from helical regions of LF translocated more efficiently than peptides derived from β-sheet regions of LF. Overall, in support of the allosteric helix compression model, we find that the channel prefers α-helical sequences over β-sheet sequences. In order for many proteins to move across hydrophobic membrane bilayers, they must be unfolded and translocated by a membrane-embedded channel. These translocase channels interact with the substrate proteins they translocate via hydrophobic pore loops and cleft structures called clamps. The molecular basis for how clamps facilitate unfolding and translocation is poorly understood. Anthrax toxin is composed of three proteins, a translocase channel-forming subunit, called protective antigen (PA), and two substrate proteins, called lethal factor (LF) and edema factor. Oligomeric PA forms a large channel that contains three types of polypeptide clamp sites: an α clamp, a phenylalanine clamp, and a charge clamp. Currently, it is thought that these clamp sites operate allosterically and promote translocation via an allosteric helix compression mechanism. Here, we report on the substrate secondary structure dependence of the PA channel. Peptides derived from regions of LF with high α-helical content bound cooperatively, but those derived from β-sheet regions in LF did not, suggesting that an allosteric site preferentially recognizes α-helical structure over β-sheet structure. Peptides derived from helical sites in LF showed increasingly longer single-channel blockades as a function of peptide concentration, a result that was consistent with stronger clamping behavior and reduced backsliding. Moreover, peptides derived from helical regions of LF translocated more efficiently than peptides derived from β-sheet regions of LF. Overall, in support of the allosteric helix compression model, we find that the channel prefers α-helical sequences over β-sheet sequences. Krantz, Bryan A. oth Enthalten in Elsevier Wang, Yuntao ELSEVIER Fabrication of chitin microspheres and their multipurpose application as catalyst support and adsorbent 2015 JMB Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV012766127 volume:429 year:2017 number:5 day:10 month:03 pages:753-762 extent:10 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmb.2017.01.015 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U FID-BIODIV SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_40 42.13 Molekularbiologie VZ AR 429 2017 5 10 0310 753-762 10 045F 570 |
| allfieldsGer |
10.1016/j.jmb.2017.01.015 doi GBV00000000000058A.pica (DE-627)ELV040592618 (ELSEVIER)S0022-2836(17)30043-8 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 570 610 570 DE-600 610 DE-600 540 VZ 660 VZ 540 VZ BIODIV DE-30 fid 42.13 bkl Das, Debasis verfasserin aut Secondary Structure Preferences of the Anthrax Toxin Protective Antigen Translocase 2017transfer abstract 10 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier In order for many proteins to move across hydrophobic membrane bilayers, they must be unfolded and translocated by a membrane-embedded channel. These translocase channels interact with the substrate proteins they translocate via hydrophobic pore loops and cleft structures called clamps. The molecular basis for how clamps facilitate unfolding and translocation is poorly understood. Anthrax toxin is composed of three proteins, a translocase channel-forming subunit, called protective antigen (PA), and two substrate proteins, called lethal factor (LF) and edema factor. Oligomeric PA forms a large channel that contains three types of polypeptide clamp sites: an α clamp, a phenylalanine clamp, and a charge clamp. Currently, it is thought that these clamp sites operate allosterically and promote translocation via an allosteric helix compression mechanism. Here, we report on the substrate secondary structure dependence of the PA channel. Peptides derived from regions of LF with high α-helical content bound cooperatively, but those derived from β-sheet regions in LF did not, suggesting that an allosteric site preferentially recognizes α-helical structure over β-sheet structure. Peptides derived from helical sites in LF showed increasingly longer single-channel blockades as a function of peptide concentration, a result that was consistent with stronger clamping behavior and reduced backsliding. Moreover, peptides derived from helical regions of LF translocated more efficiently than peptides derived from β-sheet regions of LF. Overall, in support of the allosteric helix compression model, we find that the channel prefers α-helical sequences over β-sheet sequences. In order for many proteins to move across hydrophobic membrane bilayers, they must be unfolded and translocated by a membrane-embedded channel. These translocase channels interact with the substrate proteins they translocate via hydrophobic pore loops and cleft structures called clamps. The molecular basis for how clamps facilitate unfolding and translocation is poorly understood. Anthrax toxin is composed of three proteins, a translocase channel-forming subunit, called protective antigen (PA), and two substrate proteins, called lethal factor (LF) and edema factor. Oligomeric PA forms a large channel that contains three types of polypeptide clamp sites: an α clamp, a phenylalanine clamp, and a charge clamp. Currently, it is thought that these clamp sites operate allosterically and promote translocation via an allosteric helix compression mechanism. Here, we report on the substrate secondary structure dependence of the PA channel. Peptides derived from regions of LF with high α-helical content bound cooperatively, but those derived from β-sheet regions in LF did not, suggesting that an allosteric site preferentially recognizes α-helical structure over β-sheet structure. Peptides derived from helical sites in LF showed increasingly longer single-channel blockades as a function of peptide concentration, a result that was consistent with stronger clamping behavior and reduced backsliding. Moreover, peptides derived from helical regions of LF translocated more efficiently than peptides derived from β-sheet regions of LF. Overall, in support of the allosteric helix compression model, we find that the channel prefers α-helical sequences over β-sheet sequences. Krantz, Bryan A. oth Enthalten in Elsevier Wang, Yuntao ELSEVIER Fabrication of chitin microspheres and their multipurpose application as catalyst support and adsorbent 2015 JMB Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV012766127 volume:429 year:2017 number:5 day:10 month:03 pages:753-762 extent:10 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmb.2017.01.015 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U FID-BIODIV SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_40 42.13 Molekularbiologie VZ AR 429 2017 5 10 0310 753-762 10 045F 570 |
| allfieldsSound |
10.1016/j.jmb.2017.01.015 doi GBV00000000000058A.pica (DE-627)ELV040592618 (ELSEVIER)S0022-2836(17)30043-8 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 570 610 570 DE-600 610 DE-600 540 VZ 660 VZ 540 VZ BIODIV DE-30 fid 42.13 bkl Das, Debasis verfasserin aut Secondary Structure Preferences of the Anthrax Toxin Protective Antigen Translocase 2017transfer abstract 10 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier In order for many proteins to move across hydrophobic membrane bilayers, they must be unfolded and translocated by a membrane-embedded channel. These translocase channels interact with the substrate proteins they translocate via hydrophobic pore loops and cleft structures called clamps. The molecular basis for how clamps facilitate unfolding and translocation is poorly understood. Anthrax toxin is composed of three proteins, a translocase channel-forming subunit, called protective antigen (PA), and two substrate proteins, called lethal factor (LF) and edema factor. Oligomeric PA forms a large channel that contains three types of polypeptide clamp sites: an α clamp, a phenylalanine clamp, and a charge clamp. Currently, it is thought that these clamp sites operate allosterically and promote translocation via an allosteric helix compression mechanism. Here, we report on the substrate secondary structure dependence of the PA channel. Peptides derived from regions of LF with high α-helical content bound cooperatively, but those derived from β-sheet regions in LF did not, suggesting that an allosteric site preferentially recognizes α-helical structure over β-sheet structure. Peptides derived from helical sites in LF showed increasingly longer single-channel blockades as a function of peptide concentration, a result that was consistent with stronger clamping behavior and reduced backsliding. Moreover, peptides derived from helical regions of LF translocated more efficiently than peptides derived from β-sheet regions of LF. Overall, in support of the allosteric helix compression model, we find that the channel prefers α-helical sequences over β-sheet sequences. In order for many proteins to move across hydrophobic membrane bilayers, they must be unfolded and translocated by a membrane-embedded channel. These translocase channels interact with the substrate proteins they translocate via hydrophobic pore loops and cleft structures called clamps. The molecular basis for how clamps facilitate unfolding and translocation is poorly understood. Anthrax toxin is composed of three proteins, a translocase channel-forming subunit, called protective antigen (PA), and two substrate proteins, called lethal factor (LF) and edema factor. Oligomeric PA forms a large channel that contains three types of polypeptide clamp sites: an α clamp, a phenylalanine clamp, and a charge clamp. Currently, it is thought that these clamp sites operate allosterically and promote translocation via an allosteric helix compression mechanism. Here, we report on the substrate secondary structure dependence of the PA channel. Peptides derived from regions of LF with high α-helical content bound cooperatively, but those derived from β-sheet regions in LF did not, suggesting that an allosteric site preferentially recognizes α-helical structure over β-sheet structure. Peptides derived from helical sites in LF showed increasingly longer single-channel blockades as a function of peptide concentration, a result that was consistent with stronger clamping behavior and reduced backsliding. Moreover, peptides derived from helical regions of LF translocated more efficiently than peptides derived from β-sheet regions of LF. Overall, in support of the allosteric helix compression model, we find that the channel prefers α-helical sequences over β-sheet sequences. Krantz, Bryan A. oth Enthalten in Elsevier Wang, Yuntao ELSEVIER Fabrication of chitin microspheres and their multipurpose application as catalyst support and adsorbent 2015 JMB Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV012766127 volume:429 year:2017 number:5 day:10 month:03 pages:753-762 extent:10 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmb.2017.01.015 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U FID-BIODIV SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_40 42.13 Molekularbiologie VZ AR 429 2017 5 10 0310 753-762 10 045F 570 |
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Enthalten in Fabrication of chitin microspheres and their multipurpose application as catalyst support and adsorbent Amsterdam [u.a.] volume:429 year:2017 number:5 day:10 month:03 pages:753-762 extent:10 |
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Enthalten in Fabrication of chitin microspheres and their multipurpose application as catalyst support and adsorbent Amsterdam [u.a.] volume:429 year:2017 number:5 day:10 month:03 pages:753-762 extent:10 |
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secondary structure preferences of the anthrax toxin protective antigen translocase |
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Secondary Structure Preferences of the Anthrax Toxin Protective Antigen Translocase |
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In order for many proteins to move across hydrophobic membrane bilayers, they must be unfolded and translocated by a membrane-embedded channel. These translocase channels interact with the substrate proteins they translocate via hydrophobic pore loops and cleft structures called clamps. The molecular basis for how clamps facilitate unfolding and translocation is poorly understood. Anthrax toxin is composed of three proteins, a translocase channel-forming subunit, called protective antigen (PA), and two substrate proteins, called lethal factor (LF) and edema factor. Oligomeric PA forms a large channel that contains three types of polypeptide clamp sites: an α clamp, a phenylalanine clamp, and a charge clamp. Currently, it is thought that these clamp sites operate allosterically and promote translocation via an allosteric helix compression mechanism. Here, we report on the substrate secondary structure dependence of the PA channel. Peptides derived from regions of LF with high α-helical content bound cooperatively, but those derived from β-sheet regions in LF did not, suggesting that an allosteric site preferentially recognizes α-helical structure over β-sheet structure. Peptides derived from helical sites in LF showed increasingly longer single-channel blockades as a function of peptide concentration, a result that was consistent with stronger clamping behavior and reduced backsliding. Moreover, peptides derived from helical regions of LF translocated more efficiently than peptides derived from β-sheet regions of LF. Overall, in support of the allosteric helix compression model, we find that the channel prefers α-helical sequences over β-sheet sequences. |
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In order for many proteins to move across hydrophobic membrane bilayers, they must be unfolded and translocated by a membrane-embedded channel. These translocase channels interact with the substrate proteins they translocate via hydrophobic pore loops and cleft structures called clamps. The molecular basis for how clamps facilitate unfolding and translocation is poorly understood. Anthrax toxin is composed of three proteins, a translocase channel-forming subunit, called protective antigen (PA), and two substrate proteins, called lethal factor (LF) and edema factor. Oligomeric PA forms a large channel that contains three types of polypeptide clamp sites: an α clamp, a phenylalanine clamp, and a charge clamp. Currently, it is thought that these clamp sites operate allosterically and promote translocation via an allosteric helix compression mechanism. Here, we report on the substrate secondary structure dependence of the PA channel. Peptides derived from regions of LF with high α-helical content bound cooperatively, but those derived from β-sheet regions in LF did not, suggesting that an allosteric site preferentially recognizes α-helical structure over β-sheet structure. Peptides derived from helical sites in LF showed increasingly longer single-channel blockades as a function of peptide concentration, a result that was consistent with stronger clamping behavior and reduced backsliding. Moreover, peptides derived from helical regions of LF translocated more efficiently than peptides derived from β-sheet regions of LF. Overall, in support of the allosteric helix compression model, we find that the channel prefers α-helical sequences over β-sheet sequences. |
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In order for many proteins to move across hydrophobic membrane bilayers, they must be unfolded and translocated by a membrane-embedded channel. These translocase channels interact with the substrate proteins they translocate via hydrophobic pore loops and cleft structures called clamps. The molecular basis for how clamps facilitate unfolding and translocation is poorly understood. Anthrax toxin is composed of three proteins, a translocase channel-forming subunit, called protective antigen (PA), and two substrate proteins, called lethal factor (LF) and edema factor. Oligomeric PA forms a large channel that contains three types of polypeptide clamp sites: an α clamp, a phenylalanine clamp, and a charge clamp. Currently, it is thought that these clamp sites operate allosterically and promote translocation via an allosteric helix compression mechanism. Here, we report on the substrate secondary structure dependence of the PA channel. Peptides derived from regions of LF with high α-helical content bound cooperatively, but those derived from β-sheet regions in LF did not, suggesting that an allosteric site preferentially recognizes α-helical structure over β-sheet structure. Peptides derived from helical sites in LF showed increasingly longer single-channel blockades as a function of peptide concentration, a result that was consistent with stronger clamping behavior and reduced backsliding. Moreover, peptides derived from helical regions of LF translocated more efficiently than peptides derived from β-sheet regions of LF. Overall, in support of the allosteric helix compression model, we find that the channel prefers α-helical sequences over β-sheet sequences. |
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