Dicationic ionic liquids as sustainable approach for direct conversion of cellulose to levulinic acid
The conversion of cellulose to platform chemicals and renewable energies is the most promising and sustainable route to solve the crisis of fossil fuel resources. With this aim, the one-pot conversion of cellulose to industrial important levulinic acid (LA) using dicationic ionic liquids as a cataly...
Ausführliche Beschreibung
Gespeichert in:
| Autor*in: |
Khan, Amir Sada [verfasserIn] |
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| Format: |
E-Artikel |
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| Sprache: |
Englisch |
| Erschienen: |
2018transfer abstract |
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| Schlagwörter: |
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| Umfang: |
10 |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
Enthalten in: Self-assembled 3D hierarchical MnCO - Rajendiran, Rajmohan ELSEVIER, 2020, Amsterdam [u.a.] |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:170 ; year:2018 ; day:1 ; month:01 ; pages:591-600 ; extent:10 |
| Links: |
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| DOI / URN: |
10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.09.103 |
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ELV040764109 |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Dicationic ionic liquids as sustainable approach for direct conversion of cellulose to levulinic acid |
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| 520 | |a The conversion of cellulose to platform chemicals and renewable energies is the most promising and sustainable route to solve the crisis of fossil fuel resources. With this aim, the one-pot conversion of cellulose to industrial important levulinic acid (LA) using dicationic ionic liquids as a catalyst has been investigated. In the present research work, dicationic ionic liquids, containing 1,1-bis(3-methylimidazolium-1-yl) butylene ([C4(Mim)2]) cation with counter anions hydrogensulfate, dihydrogensulfate, methanesulfonate, and trifluoromethanesulfonate has been synthesized and applied for one-pot conversion of cellulose to LA. The structures, thermal stability, and acidity of ILs were determined by 1H NMR, CHNS values, thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) and Hammet acidity function, respectively. Among the synthesized ionic liquids, [C4(Mim)2][(2HSO4)(H2SO4)2] showed higher catalytic activity for conversion of cellulose to LA (55%) without using any additional catalyst or solvent at 100 °C for 3 h, which is the best result compared to previous reports. A mechanism to explain the reaction route toward LA formation is proposed. Moreover, the recycling of IL was easily achieved without structural changes or any impurities. This one-pot production of levulinic acid from untreated cellulose will open new opportunity for the conversion of sustainable biomass resources into valuable chemicals. | ||
| 520 | |a The conversion of cellulose to platform chemicals and renewable energies is the most promising and sustainable route to solve the crisis of fossil fuel resources. With this aim, the one-pot conversion of cellulose to industrial important levulinic acid (LA) using dicationic ionic liquids as a catalyst has been investigated. In the present research work, dicationic ionic liquids, containing 1,1-bis(3-methylimidazolium-1-yl) butylene ([C4(Mim)2]) cation with counter anions hydrogensulfate, dihydrogensulfate, methanesulfonate, and trifluoromethanesulfonate has been synthesized and applied for one-pot conversion of cellulose to LA. The structures, thermal stability, and acidity of ILs were determined by 1H NMR, CHNS values, thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) and Hammet acidity function, respectively. Among the synthesized ionic liquids, [C4(Mim)2][(2HSO4)(H2SO4)2] showed higher catalytic activity for conversion of cellulose to LA (55%) without using any additional catalyst or solvent at 100 °C for 3 h, which is the best result compared to previous reports. A mechanism to explain the reaction route toward LA formation is proposed. Moreover, the recycling of IL was easily achieved without structural changes or any impurities. This one-pot production of levulinic acid from untreated cellulose will open new opportunity for the conversion of sustainable biomass resources into valuable chemicals. | ||
| 650 | 7 | |a Catalytic conversion |2 Elsevier | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Levulinic acid |2 Elsevier | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Dicationic ionic liquids |2 Elsevier | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Cellulose |2 Elsevier | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Optimization |2 Elsevier | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Man, Zakaria |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Bustam, Mohamad Azmi |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Kait, Chong Fai |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Nasrullah, Asma |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Ullah, Zahoor |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Sarwono, Ariyanti |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Ahamd, Pervaiz |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Muhammad, Nawshad |4 oth | |
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10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.09.103 doi /cbs_pica/cbs_olc/import_discovery/elsevier/einzuspielen/GBV00000000001036.pica (DE-627)ELV040764109 (ELSEVIER)S0959-6526(17)32093-0 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 540 VZ 35.18 bkl Khan, Amir Sada verfasserin aut Dicationic ionic liquids as sustainable approach for direct conversion of cellulose to levulinic acid 2018transfer abstract 10 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier The conversion of cellulose to platform chemicals and renewable energies is the most promising and sustainable route to solve the crisis of fossil fuel resources. With this aim, the one-pot conversion of cellulose to industrial important levulinic acid (LA) using dicationic ionic liquids as a catalyst has been investigated. In the present research work, dicationic ionic liquids, containing 1,1-bis(3-methylimidazolium-1-yl) butylene ([C4(Mim)2]) cation with counter anions hydrogensulfate, dihydrogensulfate, methanesulfonate, and trifluoromethanesulfonate has been synthesized and applied for one-pot conversion of cellulose to LA. The structures, thermal stability, and acidity of ILs were determined by 1H NMR, CHNS values, thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) and Hammet acidity function, respectively. Among the synthesized ionic liquids, [C4(Mim)2][(2HSO4)(H2SO4)2] showed higher catalytic activity for conversion of cellulose to LA (55%) without using any additional catalyst or solvent at 100 °C for 3 h, which is the best result compared to previous reports. A mechanism to explain the reaction route toward LA formation is proposed. Moreover, the recycling of IL was easily achieved without structural changes or any impurities. This one-pot production of levulinic acid from untreated cellulose will open new opportunity for the conversion of sustainable biomass resources into valuable chemicals. The conversion of cellulose to platform chemicals and renewable energies is the most promising and sustainable route to solve the crisis of fossil fuel resources. With this aim, the one-pot conversion of cellulose to industrial important levulinic acid (LA) using dicationic ionic liquids as a catalyst has been investigated. In the present research work, dicationic ionic liquids, containing 1,1-bis(3-methylimidazolium-1-yl) butylene ([C4(Mim)2]) cation with counter anions hydrogensulfate, dihydrogensulfate, methanesulfonate, and trifluoromethanesulfonate has been synthesized and applied for one-pot conversion of cellulose to LA. The structures, thermal stability, and acidity of ILs were determined by 1H NMR, CHNS values, thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) and Hammet acidity function, respectively. Among the synthesized ionic liquids, [C4(Mim)2][(2HSO4)(H2SO4)2] showed higher catalytic activity for conversion of cellulose to LA (55%) without using any additional catalyst or solvent at 100 °C for 3 h, which is the best result compared to previous reports. A mechanism to explain the reaction route toward LA formation is proposed. Moreover, the recycling of IL was easily achieved without structural changes or any impurities. This one-pot production of levulinic acid from untreated cellulose will open new opportunity for the conversion of sustainable biomass resources into valuable chemicals. Catalytic conversion Elsevier Levulinic acid Elsevier Dicationic ionic liquids Elsevier Cellulose Elsevier Optimization Elsevier Man, Zakaria oth Bustam, Mohamad Azmi oth Kait, Chong Fai oth Nasrullah, Asma oth Ullah, Zahoor oth Sarwono, Ariyanti oth Ahamd, Pervaiz oth Muhammad, Nawshad oth Enthalten in Elsevier Science Rajendiran, Rajmohan ELSEVIER Self-assembled 3D hierarchical MnCO 2020 Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV003750353 volume:170 year:2018 day:1 month:01 pages:591-600 extent:10 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.09.103 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U 35.18 Kolloidchemie Grenzflächenchemie VZ AR 170 2018 1 0101 591-600 10 |
| spelling |
10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.09.103 doi /cbs_pica/cbs_olc/import_discovery/elsevier/einzuspielen/GBV00000000001036.pica (DE-627)ELV040764109 (ELSEVIER)S0959-6526(17)32093-0 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 540 VZ 35.18 bkl Khan, Amir Sada verfasserin aut Dicationic ionic liquids as sustainable approach for direct conversion of cellulose to levulinic acid 2018transfer abstract 10 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier The conversion of cellulose to platform chemicals and renewable energies is the most promising and sustainable route to solve the crisis of fossil fuel resources. With this aim, the one-pot conversion of cellulose to industrial important levulinic acid (LA) using dicationic ionic liquids as a catalyst has been investigated. In the present research work, dicationic ionic liquids, containing 1,1-bis(3-methylimidazolium-1-yl) butylene ([C4(Mim)2]) cation with counter anions hydrogensulfate, dihydrogensulfate, methanesulfonate, and trifluoromethanesulfonate has been synthesized and applied for one-pot conversion of cellulose to LA. The structures, thermal stability, and acidity of ILs were determined by 1H NMR, CHNS values, thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) and Hammet acidity function, respectively. Among the synthesized ionic liquids, [C4(Mim)2][(2HSO4)(H2SO4)2] showed higher catalytic activity for conversion of cellulose to LA (55%) without using any additional catalyst or solvent at 100 °C for 3 h, which is the best result compared to previous reports. A mechanism to explain the reaction route toward LA formation is proposed. Moreover, the recycling of IL was easily achieved without structural changes or any impurities. This one-pot production of levulinic acid from untreated cellulose will open new opportunity for the conversion of sustainable biomass resources into valuable chemicals. The conversion of cellulose to platform chemicals and renewable energies is the most promising and sustainable route to solve the crisis of fossil fuel resources. With this aim, the one-pot conversion of cellulose to industrial important levulinic acid (LA) using dicationic ionic liquids as a catalyst has been investigated. In the present research work, dicationic ionic liquids, containing 1,1-bis(3-methylimidazolium-1-yl) butylene ([C4(Mim)2]) cation with counter anions hydrogensulfate, dihydrogensulfate, methanesulfonate, and trifluoromethanesulfonate has been synthesized and applied for one-pot conversion of cellulose to LA. The structures, thermal stability, and acidity of ILs were determined by 1H NMR, CHNS values, thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) and Hammet acidity function, respectively. Among the synthesized ionic liquids, [C4(Mim)2][(2HSO4)(H2SO4)2] showed higher catalytic activity for conversion of cellulose to LA (55%) without using any additional catalyst or solvent at 100 °C for 3 h, which is the best result compared to previous reports. A mechanism to explain the reaction route toward LA formation is proposed. Moreover, the recycling of IL was easily achieved without structural changes or any impurities. This one-pot production of levulinic acid from untreated cellulose will open new opportunity for the conversion of sustainable biomass resources into valuable chemicals. Catalytic conversion Elsevier Levulinic acid Elsevier Dicationic ionic liquids Elsevier Cellulose Elsevier Optimization Elsevier Man, Zakaria oth Bustam, Mohamad Azmi oth Kait, Chong Fai oth Nasrullah, Asma oth Ullah, Zahoor oth Sarwono, Ariyanti oth Ahamd, Pervaiz oth Muhammad, Nawshad oth Enthalten in Elsevier Science Rajendiran, Rajmohan ELSEVIER Self-assembled 3D hierarchical MnCO 2020 Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV003750353 volume:170 year:2018 day:1 month:01 pages:591-600 extent:10 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.09.103 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U 35.18 Kolloidchemie Grenzflächenchemie VZ AR 170 2018 1 0101 591-600 10 |
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10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.09.103 doi /cbs_pica/cbs_olc/import_discovery/elsevier/einzuspielen/GBV00000000001036.pica (DE-627)ELV040764109 (ELSEVIER)S0959-6526(17)32093-0 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 540 VZ 35.18 bkl Khan, Amir Sada verfasserin aut Dicationic ionic liquids as sustainable approach for direct conversion of cellulose to levulinic acid 2018transfer abstract 10 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier The conversion of cellulose to platform chemicals and renewable energies is the most promising and sustainable route to solve the crisis of fossil fuel resources. With this aim, the one-pot conversion of cellulose to industrial important levulinic acid (LA) using dicationic ionic liquids as a catalyst has been investigated. In the present research work, dicationic ionic liquids, containing 1,1-bis(3-methylimidazolium-1-yl) butylene ([C4(Mim)2]) cation with counter anions hydrogensulfate, dihydrogensulfate, methanesulfonate, and trifluoromethanesulfonate has been synthesized and applied for one-pot conversion of cellulose to LA. The structures, thermal stability, and acidity of ILs were determined by 1H NMR, CHNS values, thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) and Hammet acidity function, respectively. Among the synthesized ionic liquids, [C4(Mim)2][(2HSO4)(H2SO4)2] showed higher catalytic activity for conversion of cellulose to LA (55%) without using any additional catalyst or solvent at 100 °C for 3 h, which is the best result compared to previous reports. A mechanism to explain the reaction route toward LA formation is proposed. Moreover, the recycling of IL was easily achieved without structural changes or any impurities. This one-pot production of levulinic acid from untreated cellulose will open new opportunity for the conversion of sustainable biomass resources into valuable chemicals. The conversion of cellulose to platform chemicals and renewable energies is the most promising and sustainable route to solve the crisis of fossil fuel resources. With this aim, the one-pot conversion of cellulose to industrial important levulinic acid (LA) using dicationic ionic liquids as a catalyst has been investigated. In the present research work, dicationic ionic liquids, containing 1,1-bis(3-methylimidazolium-1-yl) butylene ([C4(Mim)2]) cation with counter anions hydrogensulfate, dihydrogensulfate, methanesulfonate, and trifluoromethanesulfonate has been synthesized and applied for one-pot conversion of cellulose to LA. The structures, thermal stability, and acidity of ILs were determined by 1H NMR, CHNS values, thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) and Hammet acidity function, respectively. Among the synthesized ionic liquids, [C4(Mim)2][(2HSO4)(H2SO4)2] showed higher catalytic activity for conversion of cellulose to LA (55%) without using any additional catalyst or solvent at 100 °C for 3 h, which is the best result compared to previous reports. A mechanism to explain the reaction route toward LA formation is proposed. Moreover, the recycling of IL was easily achieved without structural changes or any impurities. This one-pot production of levulinic acid from untreated cellulose will open new opportunity for the conversion of sustainable biomass resources into valuable chemicals. Catalytic conversion Elsevier Levulinic acid Elsevier Dicationic ionic liquids Elsevier Cellulose Elsevier Optimization Elsevier Man, Zakaria oth Bustam, Mohamad Azmi oth Kait, Chong Fai oth Nasrullah, Asma oth Ullah, Zahoor oth Sarwono, Ariyanti oth Ahamd, Pervaiz oth Muhammad, Nawshad oth Enthalten in Elsevier Science Rajendiran, Rajmohan ELSEVIER Self-assembled 3D hierarchical MnCO 2020 Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV003750353 volume:170 year:2018 day:1 month:01 pages:591-600 extent:10 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.09.103 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U 35.18 Kolloidchemie Grenzflächenchemie VZ AR 170 2018 1 0101 591-600 10 |
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10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.09.103 doi /cbs_pica/cbs_olc/import_discovery/elsevier/einzuspielen/GBV00000000001036.pica (DE-627)ELV040764109 (ELSEVIER)S0959-6526(17)32093-0 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 540 VZ 35.18 bkl Khan, Amir Sada verfasserin aut Dicationic ionic liquids as sustainable approach for direct conversion of cellulose to levulinic acid 2018transfer abstract 10 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier The conversion of cellulose to platform chemicals and renewable energies is the most promising and sustainable route to solve the crisis of fossil fuel resources. With this aim, the one-pot conversion of cellulose to industrial important levulinic acid (LA) using dicationic ionic liquids as a catalyst has been investigated. In the present research work, dicationic ionic liquids, containing 1,1-bis(3-methylimidazolium-1-yl) butylene ([C4(Mim)2]) cation with counter anions hydrogensulfate, dihydrogensulfate, methanesulfonate, and trifluoromethanesulfonate has been synthesized and applied for one-pot conversion of cellulose to LA. The structures, thermal stability, and acidity of ILs were determined by 1H NMR, CHNS values, thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) and Hammet acidity function, respectively. Among the synthesized ionic liquids, [C4(Mim)2][(2HSO4)(H2SO4)2] showed higher catalytic activity for conversion of cellulose to LA (55%) without using any additional catalyst or solvent at 100 °C for 3 h, which is the best result compared to previous reports. A mechanism to explain the reaction route toward LA formation is proposed. Moreover, the recycling of IL was easily achieved without structural changes or any impurities. This one-pot production of levulinic acid from untreated cellulose will open new opportunity for the conversion of sustainable biomass resources into valuable chemicals. The conversion of cellulose to platform chemicals and renewable energies is the most promising and sustainable route to solve the crisis of fossil fuel resources. With this aim, the one-pot conversion of cellulose to industrial important levulinic acid (LA) using dicationic ionic liquids as a catalyst has been investigated. In the present research work, dicationic ionic liquids, containing 1,1-bis(3-methylimidazolium-1-yl) butylene ([C4(Mim)2]) cation with counter anions hydrogensulfate, dihydrogensulfate, methanesulfonate, and trifluoromethanesulfonate has been synthesized and applied for one-pot conversion of cellulose to LA. The structures, thermal stability, and acidity of ILs were determined by 1H NMR, CHNS values, thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) and Hammet acidity function, respectively. Among the synthesized ionic liquids, [C4(Mim)2][(2HSO4)(H2SO4)2] showed higher catalytic activity for conversion of cellulose to LA (55%) without using any additional catalyst or solvent at 100 °C for 3 h, which is the best result compared to previous reports. A mechanism to explain the reaction route toward LA formation is proposed. Moreover, the recycling of IL was easily achieved without structural changes or any impurities. This one-pot production of levulinic acid from untreated cellulose will open new opportunity for the conversion of sustainable biomass resources into valuable chemicals. Catalytic conversion Elsevier Levulinic acid Elsevier Dicationic ionic liquids Elsevier Cellulose Elsevier Optimization Elsevier Man, Zakaria oth Bustam, Mohamad Azmi oth Kait, Chong Fai oth Nasrullah, Asma oth Ullah, Zahoor oth Sarwono, Ariyanti oth Ahamd, Pervaiz oth Muhammad, Nawshad oth Enthalten in Elsevier Science Rajendiran, Rajmohan ELSEVIER Self-assembled 3D hierarchical MnCO 2020 Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV003750353 volume:170 year:2018 day:1 month:01 pages:591-600 extent:10 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.09.103 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U 35.18 Kolloidchemie Grenzflächenchemie VZ AR 170 2018 1 0101 591-600 10 |
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10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.09.103 doi /cbs_pica/cbs_olc/import_discovery/elsevier/einzuspielen/GBV00000000001036.pica (DE-627)ELV040764109 (ELSEVIER)S0959-6526(17)32093-0 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 540 VZ 35.18 bkl Khan, Amir Sada verfasserin aut Dicationic ionic liquids as sustainable approach for direct conversion of cellulose to levulinic acid 2018transfer abstract 10 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier The conversion of cellulose to platform chemicals and renewable energies is the most promising and sustainable route to solve the crisis of fossil fuel resources. With this aim, the one-pot conversion of cellulose to industrial important levulinic acid (LA) using dicationic ionic liquids as a catalyst has been investigated. In the present research work, dicationic ionic liquids, containing 1,1-bis(3-methylimidazolium-1-yl) butylene ([C4(Mim)2]) cation with counter anions hydrogensulfate, dihydrogensulfate, methanesulfonate, and trifluoromethanesulfonate has been synthesized and applied for one-pot conversion of cellulose to LA. The structures, thermal stability, and acidity of ILs were determined by 1H NMR, CHNS values, thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) and Hammet acidity function, respectively. Among the synthesized ionic liquids, [C4(Mim)2][(2HSO4)(H2SO4)2] showed higher catalytic activity for conversion of cellulose to LA (55%) without using any additional catalyst or solvent at 100 °C for 3 h, which is the best result compared to previous reports. A mechanism to explain the reaction route toward LA formation is proposed. Moreover, the recycling of IL was easily achieved without structural changes or any impurities. This one-pot production of levulinic acid from untreated cellulose will open new opportunity for the conversion of sustainable biomass resources into valuable chemicals. The conversion of cellulose to platform chemicals and renewable energies is the most promising and sustainable route to solve the crisis of fossil fuel resources. With this aim, the one-pot conversion of cellulose to industrial important levulinic acid (LA) using dicationic ionic liquids as a catalyst has been investigated. In the present research work, dicationic ionic liquids, containing 1,1-bis(3-methylimidazolium-1-yl) butylene ([C4(Mim)2]) cation with counter anions hydrogensulfate, dihydrogensulfate, methanesulfonate, and trifluoromethanesulfonate has been synthesized and applied for one-pot conversion of cellulose to LA. The structures, thermal stability, and acidity of ILs were determined by 1H NMR, CHNS values, thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) and Hammet acidity function, respectively. Among the synthesized ionic liquids, [C4(Mim)2][(2HSO4)(H2SO4)2] showed higher catalytic activity for conversion of cellulose to LA (55%) without using any additional catalyst or solvent at 100 °C for 3 h, which is the best result compared to previous reports. A mechanism to explain the reaction route toward LA formation is proposed. Moreover, the recycling of IL was easily achieved without structural changes or any impurities. This one-pot production of levulinic acid from untreated cellulose will open new opportunity for the conversion of sustainable biomass resources into valuable chemicals. Catalytic conversion Elsevier Levulinic acid Elsevier Dicationic ionic liquids Elsevier Cellulose Elsevier Optimization Elsevier Man, Zakaria oth Bustam, Mohamad Azmi oth Kait, Chong Fai oth Nasrullah, Asma oth Ullah, Zahoor oth Sarwono, Ariyanti oth Ahamd, Pervaiz oth Muhammad, Nawshad oth Enthalten in Elsevier Science Rajendiran, Rajmohan ELSEVIER Self-assembled 3D hierarchical MnCO 2020 Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV003750353 volume:170 year:2018 day:1 month:01 pages:591-600 extent:10 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.09.103 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U 35.18 Kolloidchemie Grenzflächenchemie VZ AR 170 2018 1 0101 591-600 10 |
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The conversion of cellulose to platform chemicals and renewable energies is the most promising and sustainable route to solve the crisis of fossil fuel resources. With this aim, the one-pot conversion of cellulose to industrial important levulinic acid (LA) using dicationic ionic liquids as a catalyst has been investigated. In the present research work, dicationic ionic liquids, containing 1,1-bis(3-methylimidazolium-1-yl) butylene ([C4(Mim)2]) cation with counter anions hydrogensulfate, dihydrogensulfate, methanesulfonate, and trifluoromethanesulfonate has been synthesized and applied for one-pot conversion of cellulose to LA. The structures, thermal stability, and acidity of ILs were determined by 1H NMR, CHNS values, thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) and Hammet acidity function, respectively. Among the synthesized ionic liquids, [C4(Mim)2][(2HSO4)(H2SO4)2] showed higher catalytic activity for conversion of cellulose to LA (55%) without using any additional catalyst or solvent at 100 °C for 3 h, which is the best result compared to previous reports. A mechanism to explain the reaction route toward LA formation is proposed. Moreover, the recycling of IL was easily achieved without structural changes or any impurities. This one-pot production of levulinic acid from untreated cellulose will open new opportunity for the conversion of sustainable biomass resources into valuable chemicals. |
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The conversion of cellulose to platform chemicals and renewable energies is the most promising and sustainable route to solve the crisis of fossil fuel resources. With this aim, the one-pot conversion of cellulose to industrial important levulinic acid (LA) using dicationic ionic liquids as a catalyst has been investigated. In the present research work, dicationic ionic liquids, containing 1,1-bis(3-methylimidazolium-1-yl) butylene ([C4(Mim)2]) cation with counter anions hydrogensulfate, dihydrogensulfate, methanesulfonate, and trifluoromethanesulfonate has been synthesized and applied for one-pot conversion of cellulose to LA. The structures, thermal stability, and acidity of ILs were determined by 1H NMR, CHNS values, thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) and Hammet acidity function, respectively. Among the synthesized ionic liquids, [C4(Mim)2][(2HSO4)(H2SO4)2] showed higher catalytic activity for conversion of cellulose to LA (55%) without using any additional catalyst or solvent at 100 °C for 3 h, which is the best result compared to previous reports. A mechanism to explain the reaction route toward LA formation is proposed. Moreover, the recycling of IL was easily achieved without structural changes or any impurities. This one-pot production of levulinic acid from untreated cellulose will open new opportunity for the conversion of sustainable biomass resources into valuable chemicals. |
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The conversion of cellulose to platform chemicals and renewable energies is the most promising and sustainable route to solve the crisis of fossil fuel resources. With this aim, the one-pot conversion of cellulose to industrial important levulinic acid (LA) using dicationic ionic liquids as a catalyst has been investigated. In the present research work, dicationic ionic liquids, containing 1,1-bis(3-methylimidazolium-1-yl) butylene ([C4(Mim)2]) cation with counter anions hydrogensulfate, dihydrogensulfate, methanesulfonate, and trifluoromethanesulfonate has been synthesized and applied for one-pot conversion of cellulose to LA. The structures, thermal stability, and acidity of ILs were determined by 1H NMR, CHNS values, thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) and Hammet acidity function, respectively. Among the synthesized ionic liquids, [C4(Mim)2][(2HSO4)(H2SO4)2] showed higher catalytic activity for conversion of cellulose to LA (55%) without using any additional catalyst or solvent at 100 °C for 3 h, which is the best result compared to previous reports. A mechanism to explain the reaction route toward LA formation is proposed. Moreover, the recycling of IL was easily achieved without structural changes or any impurities. This one-pot production of levulinic acid from untreated cellulose will open new opportunity for the conversion of sustainable biomass resources into valuable chemicals. |
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