The role of auxiliaries in the immersion dyeing of textile fibres: Part 5 practical aspects of the role of inorganic electrolytes in dyeing cellulosic fibres with direct dyes
Both the colour strength of 2% omf dyeings and the extent of dye exhaustion achieved for three commercial grade direct dyes on cotton were promoted by the addition of 20 gl−1 NaCl at each of eight liquor ratios (1:50, 1:20, 1:10, 1:6, 1:3, 1:2, 1:1.5 and 1:1). The extent of electrolyte-enhanced dye...
Ausführliche Beschreibung
Gespeichert in:
| Autor*in: |
Burkinshaw, Stephen M. [verfasserIn] |
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| Format: |
E-Artikel |
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| Sprache: |
Englisch |
| Erschienen: |
2019transfer abstract |
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| Schlagwörter: |
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| Umfang: |
14 |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
Enthalten in: A multiscale analysis for free vibration of fuzzy fiber-reinforced nanocomposite conical shells - Haghgoo, M. ELSEVIER, 2020, Amsterdam [u.a.] |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:161 ; year:2019 ; pages:581-594 ; extent:14 |
| Links: |
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| DOI / URN: |
10.1016/j.dyepig.2017.09.002 |
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ELV044417683 |
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| 245 | 1 | 4 | |a The role of auxiliaries in the immersion dyeing of textile fibres: Part 5 practical aspects of the role of inorganic electrolytes in dyeing cellulosic fibres with direct dyes |
| 264 | 1 | |c 2019transfer abstract | |
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| 520 | |a Both the colour strength of 2% omf dyeings and the extent of dye exhaustion achieved for three commercial grade direct dyes on cotton were promoted by the addition of 20 gl−1 NaCl at each of eight liquor ratios (1:50, 1:20, 1:10, 1:6, 1:3, 1:2, 1:1.5 and 1:1). The extent of electrolyte-enhanced dye uptake decreased with decreasing liquor ratio. For each of the three dyes, unlevel dyeings were obtained at 1:1 liquor ratio only in the presence of added electrolyte, whereas level dyeings were secured even at 1:1 liquor ratio in the complete absence of added electrolyte. The depth of the dyeings obtained in the absence of added electrolyte using both 1:1 and 1:1.5 liquor ratios were of similar magnitude to those secured using 1:10, 1:20 and 1:50 liquor ratios in the presence of 20 gl−1 NaCl. The promotion of dye uptake imparted by both added electrolyte and reduced liquor ratio were interpreted in terms of their effects on the substantivity of the direct dyes towards the cotton substrate. It is proposed that adding electrolyte to the dyebath and reducing the liquor ratio employed for dyeing have the same consequence in terms of enhancing dye uptake, namely that of encouraging dye aggregation in the dyebath which reduces the aqueous solubility of the anionic dye, which, in turn, results in the inherent preference of the dye to favour the aqueous phase shifting towards the fibre phase. | ||
| 520 | |a Both the colour strength of 2% omf dyeings and the extent of dye exhaustion achieved for three commercial grade direct dyes on cotton were promoted by the addition of 20 gl−1 NaCl at each of eight liquor ratios (1:50, 1:20, 1:10, 1:6, 1:3, 1:2, 1:1.5 and 1:1). The extent of electrolyte-enhanced dye uptake decreased with decreasing liquor ratio. For each of the three dyes, unlevel dyeings were obtained at 1:1 liquor ratio only in the presence of added electrolyte, whereas level dyeings were secured even at 1:1 liquor ratio in the complete absence of added electrolyte. The depth of the dyeings obtained in the absence of added electrolyte using both 1:1 and 1:1.5 liquor ratios were of similar magnitude to those secured using 1:10, 1:20 and 1:50 liquor ratios in the presence of 20 gl−1 NaCl. The promotion of dye uptake imparted by both added electrolyte and reduced liquor ratio were interpreted in terms of their effects on the substantivity of the direct dyes towards the cotton substrate. It is proposed that adding electrolyte to the dyebath and reducing the liquor ratio employed for dyeing have the same consequence in terms of enhancing dye uptake, namely that of encouraging dye aggregation in the dyebath which reduces the aqueous solubility of the anionic dye, which, in turn, results in the inherent preference of the dye to favour the aqueous phase shifting towards the fibre phase. | ||
| 650 | 7 | |a Dyeing cotton |2 Elsevier | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Electrolyte |2 Elsevier | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Dyeing auxiliaries |2 Elsevier | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Direct dyes |2 Elsevier | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Salt-free dyeing |2 Elsevier | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Salihu, George |4 oth | |
| 773 | 0 | 8 | |i Enthalten in |n Elsevier Science |a Haghgoo, M. ELSEVIER |t A multiscale analysis for free vibration of fuzzy fiber-reinforced nanocomposite conical shells |d 2020 |g Amsterdam [u.a.] |w (DE-627)ELV004269640 |
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10.1016/j.dyepig.2017.09.002 doi GBV00000000000395.pica (DE-627)ELV044417683 (ELSEVIER)S0143-7208(17)31695-9 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 690 VZ 50.31 bkl 56.11 bkl Burkinshaw, Stephen M. verfasserin aut The role of auxiliaries in the immersion dyeing of textile fibres: Part 5 practical aspects of the role of inorganic electrolytes in dyeing cellulosic fibres with direct dyes 2019transfer abstract 14 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier Both the colour strength of 2% omf dyeings and the extent of dye exhaustion achieved for three commercial grade direct dyes on cotton were promoted by the addition of 20 gl−1 NaCl at each of eight liquor ratios (1:50, 1:20, 1:10, 1:6, 1:3, 1:2, 1:1.5 and 1:1). The extent of electrolyte-enhanced dye uptake decreased with decreasing liquor ratio. For each of the three dyes, unlevel dyeings were obtained at 1:1 liquor ratio only in the presence of added electrolyte, whereas level dyeings were secured even at 1:1 liquor ratio in the complete absence of added electrolyte. The depth of the dyeings obtained in the absence of added electrolyte using both 1:1 and 1:1.5 liquor ratios were of similar magnitude to those secured using 1:10, 1:20 and 1:50 liquor ratios in the presence of 20 gl−1 NaCl. The promotion of dye uptake imparted by both added electrolyte and reduced liquor ratio were interpreted in terms of their effects on the substantivity of the direct dyes towards the cotton substrate. It is proposed that adding electrolyte to the dyebath and reducing the liquor ratio employed for dyeing have the same consequence in terms of enhancing dye uptake, namely that of encouraging dye aggregation in the dyebath which reduces the aqueous solubility of the anionic dye, which, in turn, results in the inherent preference of the dye to favour the aqueous phase shifting towards the fibre phase. Both the colour strength of 2% omf dyeings and the extent of dye exhaustion achieved for three commercial grade direct dyes on cotton were promoted by the addition of 20 gl−1 NaCl at each of eight liquor ratios (1:50, 1:20, 1:10, 1:6, 1:3, 1:2, 1:1.5 and 1:1). The extent of electrolyte-enhanced dye uptake decreased with decreasing liquor ratio. For each of the three dyes, unlevel dyeings were obtained at 1:1 liquor ratio only in the presence of added electrolyte, whereas level dyeings were secured even at 1:1 liquor ratio in the complete absence of added electrolyte. The depth of the dyeings obtained in the absence of added electrolyte using both 1:1 and 1:1.5 liquor ratios were of similar magnitude to those secured using 1:10, 1:20 and 1:50 liquor ratios in the presence of 20 gl−1 NaCl. The promotion of dye uptake imparted by both added electrolyte and reduced liquor ratio were interpreted in terms of their effects on the substantivity of the direct dyes towards the cotton substrate. It is proposed that adding electrolyte to the dyebath and reducing the liquor ratio employed for dyeing have the same consequence in terms of enhancing dye uptake, namely that of encouraging dye aggregation in the dyebath which reduces the aqueous solubility of the anionic dye, which, in turn, results in the inherent preference of the dye to favour the aqueous phase shifting towards the fibre phase. Dyeing cotton Elsevier Electrolyte Elsevier Dyeing auxiliaries Elsevier Direct dyes Elsevier Salt-free dyeing Elsevier Salihu, George oth Enthalten in Elsevier Science Haghgoo, M. ELSEVIER A multiscale analysis for free vibration of fuzzy fiber-reinforced nanocomposite conical shells 2020 Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV004269640 volume:161 year:2019 pages:581-594 extent:14 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dyepig.2017.09.002 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U 50.31 Technische Mechanik VZ 56.11 Baukonstruktion VZ AR 161 2019 581-594 14 |
| spelling |
10.1016/j.dyepig.2017.09.002 doi GBV00000000000395.pica (DE-627)ELV044417683 (ELSEVIER)S0143-7208(17)31695-9 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 690 VZ 50.31 bkl 56.11 bkl Burkinshaw, Stephen M. verfasserin aut The role of auxiliaries in the immersion dyeing of textile fibres: Part 5 practical aspects of the role of inorganic electrolytes in dyeing cellulosic fibres with direct dyes 2019transfer abstract 14 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier Both the colour strength of 2% omf dyeings and the extent of dye exhaustion achieved for three commercial grade direct dyes on cotton were promoted by the addition of 20 gl−1 NaCl at each of eight liquor ratios (1:50, 1:20, 1:10, 1:6, 1:3, 1:2, 1:1.5 and 1:1). The extent of electrolyte-enhanced dye uptake decreased with decreasing liquor ratio. For each of the three dyes, unlevel dyeings were obtained at 1:1 liquor ratio only in the presence of added electrolyte, whereas level dyeings were secured even at 1:1 liquor ratio in the complete absence of added electrolyte. The depth of the dyeings obtained in the absence of added electrolyte using both 1:1 and 1:1.5 liquor ratios were of similar magnitude to those secured using 1:10, 1:20 and 1:50 liquor ratios in the presence of 20 gl−1 NaCl. The promotion of dye uptake imparted by both added electrolyte and reduced liquor ratio were interpreted in terms of their effects on the substantivity of the direct dyes towards the cotton substrate. It is proposed that adding electrolyte to the dyebath and reducing the liquor ratio employed for dyeing have the same consequence in terms of enhancing dye uptake, namely that of encouraging dye aggregation in the dyebath which reduces the aqueous solubility of the anionic dye, which, in turn, results in the inherent preference of the dye to favour the aqueous phase shifting towards the fibre phase. Both the colour strength of 2% omf dyeings and the extent of dye exhaustion achieved for three commercial grade direct dyes on cotton were promoted by the addition of 20 gl−1 NaCl at each of eight liquor ratios (1:50, 1:20, 1:10, 1:6, 1:3, 1:2, 1:1.5 and 1:1). The extent of electrolyte-enhanced dye uptake decreased with decreasing liquor ratio. For each of the three dyes, unlevel dyeings were obtained at 1:1 liquor ratio only in the presence of added electrolyte, whereas level dyeings were secured even at 1:1 liquor ratio in the complete absence of added electrolyte. The depth of the dyeings obtained in the absence of added electrolyte using both 1:1 and 1:1.5 liquor ratios were of similar magnitude to those secured using 1:10, 1:20 and 1:50 liquor ratios in the presence of 20 gl−1 NaCl. The promotion of dye uptake imparted by both added electrolyte and reduced liquor ratio were interpreted in terms of their effects on the substantivity of the direct dyes towards the cotton substrate. It is proposed that adding electrolyte to the dyebath and reducing the liquor ratio employed for dyeing have the same consequence in terms of enhancing dye uptake, namely that of encouraging dye aggregation in the dyebath which reduces the aqueous solubility of the anionic dye, which, in turn, results in the inherent preference of the dye to favour the aqueous phase shifting towards the fibre phase. Dyeing cotton Elsevier Electrolyte Elsevier Dyeing auxiliaries Elsevier Direct dyes Elsevier Salt-free dyeing Elsevier Salihu, George oth Enthalten in Elsevier Science Haghgoo, M. ELSEVIER A multiscale analysis for free vibration of fuzzy fiber-reinforced nanocomposite conical shells 2020 Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV004269640 volume:161 year:2019 pages:581-594 extent:14 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dyepig.2017.09.002 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U 50.31 Technische Mechanik VZ 56.11 Baukonstruktion VZ AR 161 2019 581-594 14 |
| allfields_unstemmed |
10.1016/j.dyepig.2017.09.002 doi GBV00000000000395.pica (DE-627)ELV044417683 (ELSEVIER)S0143-7208(17)31695-9 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 690 VZ 50.31 bkl 56.11 bkl Burkinshaw, Stephen M. verfasserin aut The role of auxiliaries in the immersion dyeing of textile fibres: Part 5 practical aspects of the role of inorganic electrolytes in dyeing cellulosic fibres with direct dyes 2019transfer abstract 14 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier Both the colour strength of 2% omf dyeings and the extent of dye exhaustion achieved for three commercial grade direct dyes on cotton were promoted by the addition of 20 gl−1 NaCl at each of eight liquor ratios (1:50, 1:20, 1:10, 1:6, 1:3, 1:2, 1:1.5 and 1:1). The extent of electrolyte-enhanced dye uptake decreased with decreasing liquor ratio. For each of the three dyes, unlevel dyeings were obtained at 1:1 liquor ratio only in the presence of added electrolyte, whereas level dyeings were secured even at 1:1 liquor ratio in the complete absence of added electrolyte. The depth of the dyeings obtained in the absence of added electrolyte using both 1:1 and 1:1.5 liquor ratios were of similar magnitude to those secured using 1:10, 1:20 and 1:50 liquor ratios in the presence of 20 gl−1 NaCl. The promotion of dye uptake imparted by both added electrolyte and reduced liquor ratio were interpreted in terms of their effects on the substantivity of the direct dyes towards the cotton substrate. It is proposed that adding electrolyte to the dyebath and reducing the liquor ratio employed for dyeing have the same consequence in terms of enhancing dye uptake, namely that of encouraging dye aggregation in the dyebath which reduces the aqueous solubility of the anionic dye, which, in turn, results in the inherent preference of the dye to favour the aqueous phase shifting towards the fibre phase. Both the colour strength of 2% omf dyeings and the extent of dye exhaustion achieved for three commercial grade direct dyes on cotton were promoted by the addition of 20 gl−1 NaCl at each of eight liquor ratios (1:50, 1:20, 1:10, 1:6, 1:3, 1:2, 1:1.5 and 1:1). The extent of electrolyte-enhanced dye uptake decreased with decreasing liquor ratio. For each of the three dyes, unlevel dyeings were obtained at 1:1 liquor ratio only in the presence of added electrolyte, whereas level dyeings were secured even at 1:1 liquor ratio in the complete absence of added electrolyte. The depth of the dyeings obtained in the absence of added electrolyte using both 1:1 and 1:1.5 liquor ratios were of similar magnitude to those secured using 1:10, 1:20 and 1:50 liquor ratios in the presence of 20 gl−1 NaCl. The promotion of dye uptake imparted by both added electrolyte and reduced liquor ratio were interpreted in terms of their effects on the substantivity of the direct dyes towards the cotton substrate. It is proposed that adding electrolyte to the dyebath and reducing the liquor ratio employed for dyeing have the same consequence in terms of enhancing dye uptake, namely that of encouraging dye aggregation in the dyebath which reduces the aqueous solubility of the anionic dye, which, in turn, results in the inherent preference of the dye to favour the aqueous phase shifting towards the fibre phase. Dyeing cotton Elsevier Electrolyte Elsevier Dyeing auxiliaries Elsevier Direct dyes Elsevier Salt-free dyeing Elsevier Salihu, George oth Enthalten in Elsevier Science Haghgoo, M. ELSEVIER A multiscale analysis for free vibration of fuzzy fiber-reinforced nanocomposite conical shells 2020 Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV004269640 volume:161 year:2019 pages:581-594 extent:14 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dyepig.2017.09.002 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U 50.31 Technische Mechanik VZ 56.11 Baukonstruktion VZ AR 161 2019 581-594 14 |
| allfieldsGer |
10.1016/j.dyepig.2017.09.002 doi GBV00000000000395.pica (DE-627)ELV044417683 (ELSEVIER)S0143-7208(17)31695-9 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 690 VZ 50.31 bkl 56.11 bkl Burkinshaw, Stephen M. verfasserin aut The role of auxiliaries in the immersion dyeing of textile fibres: Part 5 practical aspects of the role of inorganic electrolytes in dyeing cellulosic fibres with direct dyes 2019transfer abstract 14 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier Both the colour strength of 2% omf dyeings and the extent of dye exhaustion achieved for three commercial grade direct dyes on cotton were promoted by the addition of 20 gl−1 NaCl at each of eight liquor ratios (1:50, 1:20, 1:10, 1:6, 1:3, 1:2, 1:1.5 and 1:1). The extent of electrolyte-enhanced dye uptake decreased with decreasing liquor ratio. For each of the three dyes, unlevel dyeings were obtained at 1:1 liquor ratio only in the presence of added electrolyte, whereas level dyeings were secured even at 1:1 liquor ratio in the complete absence of added electrolyte. The depth of the dyeings obtained in the absence of added electrolyte using both 1:1 and 1:1.5 liquor ratios were of similar magnitude to those secured using 1:10, 1:20 and 1:50 liquor ratios in the presence of 20 gl−1 NaCl. The promotion of dye uptake imparted by both added electrolyte and reduced liquor ratio were interpreted in terms of their effects on the substantivity of the direct dyes towards the cotton substrate. It is proposed that adding electrolyte to the dyebath and reducing the liquor ratio employed for dyeing have the same consequence in terms of enhancing dye uptake, namely that of encouraging dye aggregation in the dyebath which reduces the aqueous solubility of the anionic dye, which, in turn, results in the inherent preference of the dye to favour the aqueous phase shifting towards the fibre phase. Both the colour strength of 2% omf dyeings and the extent of dye exhaustion achieved for three commercial grade direct dyes on cotton were promoted by the addition of 20 gl−1 NaCl at each of eight liquor ratios (1:50, 1:20, 1:10, 1:6, 1:3, 1:2, 1:1.5 and 1:1). The extent of electrolyte-enhanced dye uptake decreased with decreasing liquor ratio. For each of the three dyes, unlevel dyeings were obtained at 1:1 liquor ratio only in the presence of added electrolyte, whereas level dyeings were secured even at 1:1 liquor ratio in the complete absence of added electrolyte. The depth of the dyeings obtained in the absence of added electrolyte using both 1:1 and 1:1.5 liquor ratios were of similar magnitude to those secured using 1:10, 1:20 and 1:50 liquor ratios in the presence of 20 gl−1 NaCl. The promotion of dye uptake imparted by both added electrolyte and reduced liquor ratio were interpreted in terms of their effects on the substantivity of the direct dyes towards the cotton substrate. It is proposed that adding electrolyte to the dyebath and reducing the liquor ratio employed for dyeing have the same consequence in terms of enhancing dye uptake, namely that of encouraging dye aggregation in the dyebath which reduces the aqueous solubility of the anionic dye, which, in turn, results in the inherent preference of the dye to favour the aqueous phase shifting towards the fibre phase. Dyeing cotton Elsevier Electrolyte Elsevier Dyeing auxiliaries Elsevier Direct dyes Elsevier Salt-free dyeing Elsevier Salihu, George oth Enthalten in Elsevier Science Haghgoo, M. ELSEVIER A multiscale analysis for free vibration of fuzzy fiber-reinforced nanocomposite conical shells 2020 Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV004269640 volume:161 year:2019 pages:581-594 extent:14 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dyepig.2017.09.002 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U 50.31 Technische Mechanik VZ 56.11 Baukonstruktion VZ AR 161 2019 581-594 14 |
| allfieldsSound |
10.1016/j.dyepig.2017.09.002 doi GBV00000000000395.pica (DE-627)ELV044417683 (ELSEVIER)S0143-7208(17)31695-9 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 690 VZ 50.31 bkl 56.11 bkl Burkinshaw, Stephen M. verfasserin aut The role of auxiliaries in the immersion dyeing of textile fibres: Part 5 practical aspects of the role of inorganic electrolytes in dyeing cellulosic fibres with direct dyes 2019transfer abstract 14 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier Both the colour strength of 2% omf dyeings and the extent of dye exhaustion achieved for three commercial grade direct dyes on cotton were promoted by the addition of 20 gl−1 NaCl at each of eight liquor ratios (1:50, 1:20, 1:10, 1:6, 1:3, 1:2, 1:1.5 and 1:1). The extent of electrolyte-enhanced dye uptake decreased with decreasing liquor ratio. For each of the three dyes, unlevel dyeings were obtained at 1:1 liquor ratio only in the presence of added electrolyte, whereas level dyeings were secured even at 1:1 liquor ratio in the complete absence of added electrolyte. The depth of the dyeings obtained in the absence of added electrolyte using both 1:1 and 1:1.5 liquor ratios were of similar magnitude to those secured using 1:10, 1:20 and 1:50 liquor ratios in the presence of 20 gl−1 NaCl. The promotion of dye uptake imparted by both added electrolyte and reduced liquor ratio were interpreted in terms of their effects on the substantivity of the direct dyes towards the cotton substrate. It is proposed that adding electrolyte to the dyebath and reducing the liquor ratio employed for dyeing have the same consequence in terms of enhancing dye uptake, namely that of encouraging dye aggregation in the dyebath which reduces the aqueous solubility of the anionic dye, which, in turn, results in the inherent preference of the dye to favour the aqueous phase shifting towards the fibre phase. Both the colour strength of 2% omf dyeings and the extent of dye exhaustion achieved for three commercial grade direct dyes on cotton were promoted by the addition of 20 gl−1 NaCl at each of eight liquor ratios (1:50, 1:20, 1:10, 1:6, 1:3, 1:2, 1:1.5 and 1:1). The extent of electrolyte-enhanced dye uptake decreased with decreasing liquor ratio. For each of the three dyes, unlevel dyeings were obtained at 1:1 liquor ratio only in the presence of added electrolyte, whereas level dyeings were secured even at 1:1 liquor ratio in the complete absence of added electrolyte. The depth of the dyeings obtained in the absence of added electrolyte using both 1:1 and 1:1.5 liquor ratios were of similar magnitude to those secured using 1:10, 1:20 and 1:50 liquor ratios in the presence of 20 gl−1 NaCl. The promotion of dye uptake imparted by both added electrolyte and reduced liquor ratio were interpreted in terms of their effects on the substantivity of the direct dyes towards the cotton substrate. It is proposed that adding electrolyte to the dyebath and reducing the liquor ratio employed for dyeing have the same consequence in terms of enhancing dye uptake, namely that of encouraging dye aggregation in the dyebath which reduces the aqueous solubility of the anionic dye, which, in turn, results in the inherent preference of the dye to favour the aqueous phase shifting towards the fibre phase. Dyeing cotton Elsevier Electrolyte Elsevier Dyeing auxiliaries Elsevier Direct dyes Elsevier Salt-free dyeing Elsevier Salihu, George oth Enthalten in Elsevier Science Haghgoo, M. ELSEVIER A multiscale analysis for free vibration of fuzzy fiber-reinforced nanocomposite conical shells 2020 Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV004269640 volume:161 year:2019 pages:581-594 extent:14 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dyepig.2017.09.002 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U 50.31 Technische Mechanik VZ 56.11 Baukonstruktion VZ AR 161 2019 581-594 14 |
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Enthalten in A multiscale analysis for free vibration of fuzzy fiber-reinforced nanocomposite conical shells Amsterdam [u.a.] volume:161 year:2019 pages:581-594 extent:14 |
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Enthalten in A multiscale analysis for free vibration of fuzzy fiber-reinforced nanocomposite conical shells Amsterdam [u.a.] volume:161 year:2019 pages:581-594 extent:14 |
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Burkinshaw, Stephen M. ddc 690 bkl 50.31 bkl 56.11 Elsevier Dyeing cotton Elsevier Electrolyte Elsevier Dyeing auxiliaries Elsevier Direct dyes Elsevier Salt-free dyeing The role of auxiliaries in the immersion dyeing of textile fibres: Part 5 practical aspects of the role of inorganic electrolytes in dyeing cellulosic fibres with direct dyes |
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role of auxiliaries in the immersion dyeing of textile fibres: part 5 practical aspects of the role of inorganic electrolytes in dyeing cellulosic fibres with direct dyes |
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The role of auxiliaries in the immersion dyeing of textile fibres: Part 5 practical aspects of the role of inorganic electrolytes in dyeing cellulosic fibres with direct dyes |
| abstract |
Both the colour strength of 2% omf dyeings and the extent of dye exhaustion achieved for three commercial grade direct dyes on cotton were promoted by the addition of 20 gl−1 NaCl at each of eight liquor ratios (1:50, 1:20, 1:10, 1:6, 1:3, 1:2, 1:1.5 and 1:1). The extent of electrolyte-enhanced dye uptake decreased with decreasing liquor ratio. For each of the three dyes, unlevel dyeings were obtained at 1:1 liquor ratio only in the presence of added electrolyte, whereas level dyeings were secured even at 1:1 liquor ratio in the complete absence of added electrolyte. The depth of the dyeings obtained in the absence of added electrolyte using both 1:1 and 1:1.5 liquor ratios were of similar magnitude to those secured using 1:10, 1:20 and 1:50 liquor ratios in the presence of 20 gl−1 NaCl. The promotion of dye uptake imparted by both added electrolyte and reduced liquor ratio were interpreted in terms of their effects on the substantivity of the direct dyes towards the cotton substrate. It is proposed that adding electrolyte to the dyebath and reducing the liquor ratio employed for dyeing have the same consequence in terms of enhancing dye uptake, namely that of encouraging dye aggregation in the dyebath which reduces the aqueous solubility of the anionic dye, which, in turn, results in the inherent preference of the dye to favour the aqueous phase shifting towards the fibre phase. |
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Both the colour strength of 2% omf dyeings and the extent of dye exhaustion achieved for three commercial grade direct dyes on cotton were promoted by the addition of 20 gl−1 NaCl at each of eight liquor ratios (1:50, 1:20, 1:10, 1:6, 1:3, 1:2, 1:1.5 and 1:1). The extent of electrolyte-enhanced dye uptake decreased with decreasing liquor ratio. For each of the three dyes, unlevel dyeings were obtained at 1:1 liquor ratio only in the presence of added electrolyte, whereas level dyeings were secured even at 1:1 liquor ratio in the complete absence of added electrolyte. The depth of the dyeings obtained in the absence of added electrolyte using both 1:1 and 1:1.5 liquor ratios were of similar magnitude to those secured using 1:10, 1:20 and 1:50 liquor ratios in the presence of 20 gl−1 NaCl. The promotion of dye uptake imparted by both added electrolyte and reduced liquor ratio were interpreted in terms of their effects on the substantivity of the direct dyes towards the cotton substrate. It is proposed that adding electrolyte to the dyebath and reducing the liquor ratio employed for dyeing have the same consequence in terms of enhancing dye uptake, namely that of encouraging dye aggregation in the dyebath which reduces the aqueous solubility of the anionic dye, which, in turn, results in the inherent preference of the dye to favour the aqueous phase shifting towards the fibre phase. |
| abstract_unstemmed |
Both the colour strength of 2% omf dyeings and the extent of dye exhaustion achieved for three commercial grade direct dyes on cotton were promoted by the addition of 20 gl−1 NaCl at each of eight liquor ratios (1:50, 1:20, 1:10, 1:6, 1:3, 1:2, 1:1.5 and 1:1). The extent of electrolyte-enhanced dye uptake decreased with decreasing liquor ratio. For each of the three dyes, unlevel dyeings were obtained at 1:1 liquor ratio only in the presence of added electrolyte, whereas level dyeings were secured even at 1:1 liquor ratio in the complete absence of added electrolyte. The depth of the dyeings obtained in the absence of added electrolyte using both 1:1 and 1:1.5 liquor ratios were of similar magnitude to those secured using 1:10, 1:20 and 1:50 liquor ratios in the presence of 20 gl−1 NaCl. The promotion of dye uptake imparted by both added electrolyte and reduced liquor ratio were interpreted in terms of their effects on the substantivity of the direct dyes towards the cotton substrate. It is proposed that adding electrolyte to the dyebath and reducing the liquor ratio employed for dyeing have the same consequence in terms of enhancing dye uptake, namely that of encouraging dye aggregation in the dyebath which reduces the aqueous solubility of the anionic dye, which, in turn, results in the inherent preference of the dye to favour the aqueous phase shifting towards the fibre phase. |
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