(282) Sex Differences in the Development of Tolerance to Arachidonyl-2-Chloroethalamide (ACEA) in the Mouse Formalin Pain Model
Interest in the cannabinoid class of compounds is growing rapidly as an option to treat a variety of conditions, including pain. Arachidonyl-2-chloroethalamide (ACEA), a CB1 specific compound and analog of the endocannabinoid anandamide, has demonstrated efficacy in a variety of animal pain models....
Ausführliche Beschreibung
Gespeichert in:
| Autor*in: |
Guindon, J. [verfasserIn] |
|---|
| Format: |
E-Artikel |
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| Erschienen: |
2019transfer abstract |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
Enthalten in: Reliable redundancy resolution strategies for kinematically redundant parallel manipulators - Vieira, Hiparco Lins ELSEVIER, 2021, official journal of the American Pain Society, New York, NY |
|---|---|
| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:20 ; year:2019 ; number:4 ; pages:45 |
| Links: |
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| DOI / URN: |
10.1016/j.jpain.2019.01.204 |
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| 520 | |a Interest in the cannabinoid class of compounds is growing rapidly as an option to treat a variety of conditions, including pain. Arachidonyl-2-chloroethalamide (ACEA), a CB1 specific compound and analog of the endocannabinoid anandamide, has demonstrated efficacy in a variety of animal pain models. Our study evaluated ACEA in the formalin model of pain in male and female C57BL6 mice. Intraplantar injection of 2.5% formalin produces a biphasic pain response modeling both acute and inflammatory pain, measured as time spent attending to the injected paw over the course of one hour. Since development of tolerance to the analgesic effects of cannabinoids is well documented in animal models and an important clinical consideration, we evaluated the analgesic effects of ACEA in both control mice, as well as mice pretreated with ACEA (doses of 0.1, 0.5 and 1 mg/kg) at different time point (ranging from 1 to 8 days) and tested with formalin on the last day of treatment. Our preliminary results reveal sex differences between male and female mice treated with an acute dose of ACEA (0.1, 0.5 and 1 mg/kg I.P.) 30 minutes prior to formalin injection. We also note sex differences in the development of tolerance in male and female mice pretreated with ACEA for different number of days prior to the formalin test. Notably, the development of tolerance to the analgesic effects of ACEA corresponds with an alteration in the estrous cycle in female mice, suggesting that a hormonal component may be involved in this process. Further studies are needed to investigate the mechanisms behind these preclinical interesting findings. | ||
| 520 | |a Interest in the cannabinoid class of compounds is growing rapidly as an option to treat a variety of conditions, including pain. Arachidonyl-2-chloroethalamide (ACEA), a CB1 specific compound and analog of the endocannabinoid anandamide, has demonstrated efficacy in a variety of animal pain models. Our study evaluated ACEA in the formalin model of pain in male and female C57BL6 mice. Intraplantar injection of 2.5% formalin produces a biphasic pain response modeling both acute and inflammatory pain, measured as time spent attending to the injected paw over the course of one hour. Since development of tolerance to the analgesic effects of cannabinoids is well documented in animal models and an important clinical consideration, we evaluated the analgesic effects of ACEA in both control mice, as well as mice pretreated with ACEA (doses of 0.1, 0.5 and 1 mg/kg) at different time point (ranging from 1 to 8 days) and tested with formalin on the last day of treatment. Our preliminary results reveal sex differences between male and female mice treated with an acute dose of ACEA (0.1, 0.5 and 1 mg/kg I.P.) 30 minutes prior to formalin injection. We also note sex differences in the development of tolerance in male and female mice pretreated with ACEA for different number of days prior to the formalin test. Notably, the development of tolerance to the analgesic effects of ACEA corresponds with an alteration in the estrous cycle in female mice, suggesting that a hormonal component may be involved in this process. Further studies are needed to investigate the mechanisms behind these preclinical interesting findings. | ||
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| 700 | 1 | |a Brelsfoard, J. |4 oth | |
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10.1016/j.jpain.2019.01.204 doi /cbs_pica/cbs_olc/import_discovery/elsevier/einzuspielen/GBV00000000000999.pica (DE-627)ELV046182381 (ELSEVIER)S1526-5900(19)30281-0 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb 620 VZ 52.20 bkl 50.32 bkl 50.25 bkl Guindon, J. verfasserin aut (282) Sex Differences in the Development of Tolerance to Arachidonyl-2-Chloroethalamide (ACEA) in the Mouse Formalin Pain Model 2019transfer abstract nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier Interest in the cannabinoid class of compounds is growing rapidly as an option to treat a variety of conditions, including pain. Arachidonyl-2-chloroethalamide (ACEA), a CB1 specific compound and analog of the endocannabinoid anandamide, has demonstrated efficacy in a variety of animal pain models. Our study evaluated ACEA in the formalin model of pain in male and female C57BL6 mice. Intraplantar injection of 2.5% formalin produces a biphasic pain response modeling both acute and inflammatory pain, measured as time spent attending to the injected paw over the course of one hour. Since development of tolerance to the analgesic effects of cannabinoids is well documented in animal models and an important clinical consideration, we evaluated the analgesic effects of ACEA in both control mice, as well as mice pretreated with ACEA (doses of 0.1, 0.5 and 1 mg/kg) at different time point (ranging from 1 to 8 days) and tested with formalin on the last day of treatment. Our preliminary results reveal sex differences between male and female mice treated with an acute dose of ACEA (0.1, 0.5 and 1 mg/kg I.P.) 30 minutes prior to formalin injection. We also note sex differences in the development of tolerance in male and female mice pretreated with ACEA for different number of days prior to the formalin test. Notably, the development of tolerance to the analgesic effects of ACEA corresponds with an alteration in the estrous cycle in female mice, suggesting that a hormonal component may be involved in this process. Further studies are needed to investigate the mechanisms behind these preclinical interesting findings. Interest in the cannabinoid class of compounds is growing rapidly as an option to treat a variety of conditions, including pain. Arachidonyl-2-chloroethalamide (ACEA), a CB1 specific compound and analog of the endocannabinoid anandamide, has demonstrated efficacy in a variety of animal pain models. Our study evaluated ACEA in the formalin model of pain in male and female C57BL6 mice. Intraplantar injection of 2.5% formalin produces a biphasic pain response modeling both acute and inflammatory pain, measured as time spent attending to the injected paw over the course of one hour. Since development of tolerance to the analgesic effects of cannabinoids is well documented in animal models and an important clinical consideration, we evaluated the analgesic effects of ACEA in both control mice, as well as mice pretreated with ACEA (doses of 0.1, 0.5 and 1 mg/kg) at different time point (ranging from 1 to 8 days) and tested with formalin on the last day of treatment. Our preliminary results reveal sex differences between male and female mice treated with an acute dose of ACEA (0.1, 0.5 and 1 mg/kg I.P.) 30 minutes prior to formalin injection. We also note sex differences in the development of tolerance in male and female mice pretreated with ACEA for different number of days prior to the formalin test. Notably, the development of tolerance to the analgesic effects of ACEA corresponds with an alteration in the estrous cycle in female mice, suggesting that a hormonal component may be involved in this process. Further studies are needed to investigate the mechanisms behind these preclinical interesting findings. Blanton, H. oth Rodriguez-Garcia, D. oth Lugo, I. oth Lilley, J. oth Brelsfoard, J. oth Enthalten in Elsevier Vieira, Hiparco Lins ELSEVIER Reliable redundancy resolution strategies for kinematically redundant parallel manipulators 2021 official journal of the American Pain Society New York, NY (DE-627)ELV006838596 volume:20 year:2019 number:4 pages:45 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpain.2019.01.204 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U 52.20 Antriebstechnik Getriebelehre VZ 50.32 Dynamik Schwingungslehre Technische Mechanik VZ 50.25 Robotertechnik VZ AR 20 2019 4 45 20.2019, 4, S45- |
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10.1016/j.jpain.2019.01.204 doi /cbs_pica/cbs_olc/import_discovery/elsevier/einzuspielen/GBV00000000000999.pica (DE-627)ELV046182381 (ELSEVIER)S1526-5900(19)30281-0 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb 620 VZ 52.20 bkl 50.32 bkl 50.25 bkl Guindon, J. verfasserin aut (282) Sex Differences in the Development of Tolerance to Arachidonyl-2-Chloroethalamide (ACEA) in the Mouse Formalin Pain Model 2019transfer abstract nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier Interest in the cannabinoid class of compounds is growing rapidly as an option to treat a variety of conditions, including pain. Arachidonyl-2-chloroethalamide (ACEA), a CB1 specific compound and analog of the endocannabinoid anandamide, has demonstrated efficacy in a variety of animal pain models. Our study evaluated ACEA in the formalin model of pain in male and female C57BL6 mice. Intraplantar injection of 2.5% formalin produces a biphasic pain response modeling both acute and inflammatory pain, measured as time spent attending to the injected paw over the course of one hour. Since development of tolerance to the analgesic effects of cannabinoids is well documented in animal models and an important clinical consideration, we evaluated the analgesic effects of ACEA in both control mice, as well as mice pretreated with ACEA (doses of 0.1, 0.5 and 1 mg/kg) at different time point (ranging from 1 to 8 days) and tested with formalin on the last day of treatment. Our preliminary results reveal sex differences between male and female mice treated with an acute dose of ACEA (0.1, 0.5 and 1 mg/kg I.P.) 30 minutes prior to formalin injection. We also note sex differences in the development of tolerance in male and female mice pretreated with ACEA for different number of days prior to the formalin test. Notably, the development of tolerance to the analgesic effects of ACEA corresponds with an alteration in the estrous cycle in female mice, suggesting that a hormonal component may be involved in this process. Further studies are needed to investigate the mechanisms behind these preclinical interesting findings. Interest in the cannabinoid class of compounds is growing rapidly as an option to treat a variety of conditions, including pain. Arachidonyl-2-chloroethalamide (ACEA), a CB1 specific compound and analog of the endocannabinoid anandamide, has demonstrated efficacy in a variety of animal pain models. Our study evaluated ACEA in the formalin model of pain in male and female C57BL6 mice. Intraplantar injection of 2.5% formalin produces a biphasic pain response modeling both acute and inflammatory pain, measured as time spent attending to the injected paw over the course of one hour. Since development of tolerance to the analgesic effects of cannabinoids is well documented in animal models and an important clinical consideration, we evaluated the analgesic effects of ACEA in both control mice, as well as mice pretreated with ACEA (doses of 0.1, 0.5 and 1 mg/kg) at different time point (ranging from 1 to 8 days) and tested with formalin on the last day of treatment. Our preliminary results reveal sex differences between male and female mice treated with an acute dose of ACEA (0.1, 0.5 and 1 mg/kg I.P.) 30 minutes prior to formalin injection. We also note sex differences in the development of tolerance in male and female mice pretreated with ACEA for different number of days prior to the formalin test. Notably, the development of tolerance to the analgesic effects of ACEA corresponds with an alteration in the estrous cycle in female mice, suggesting that a hormonal component may be involved in this process. Further studies are needed to investigate the mechanisms behind these preclinical interesting findings. Blanton, H. oth Rodriguez-Garcia, D. oth Lugo, I. oth Lilley, J. oth Brelsfoard, J. oth Enthalten in Elsevier Vieira, Hiparco Lins ELSEVIER Reliable redundancy resolution strategies for kinematically redundant parallel manipulators 2021 official journal of the American Pain Society New York, NY (DE-627)ELV006838596 volume:20 year:2019 number:4 pages:45 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpain.2019.01.204 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U 52.20 Antriebstechnik Getriebelehre VZ 50.32 Dynamik Schwingungslehre Technische Mechanik VZ 50.25 Robotertechnik VZ AR 20 2019 4 45 20.2019, 4, S45- |
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10.1016/j.jpain.2019.01.204 doi /cbs_pica/cbs_olc/import_discovery/elsevier/einzuspielen/GBV00000000000999.pica (DE-627)ELV046182381 (ELSEVIER)S1526-5900(19)30281-0 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb 620 VZ 52.20 bkl 50.32 bkl 50.25 bkl Guindon, J. verfasserin aut (282) Sex Differences in the Development of Tolerance to Arachidonyl-2-Chloroethalamide (ACEA) in the Mouse Formalin Pain Model 2019transfer abstract nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier Interest in the cannabinoid class of compounds is growing rapidly as an option to treat a variety of conditions, including pain. Arachidonyl-2-chloroethalamide (ACEA), a CB1 specific compound and analog of the endocannabinoid anandamide, has demonstrated efficacy in a variety of animal pain models. Our study evaluated ACEA in the formalin model of pain in male and female C57BL6 mice. Intraplantar injection of 2.5% formalin produces a biphasic pain response modeling both acute and inflammatory pain, measured as time spent attending to the injected paw over the course of one hour. Since development of tolerance to the analgesic effects of cannabinoids is well documented in animal models and an important clinical consideration, we evaluated the analgesic effects of ACEA in both control mice, as well as mice pretreated with ACEA (doses of 0.1, 0.5 and 1 mg/kg) at different time point (ranging from 1 to 8 days) and tested with formalin on the last day of treatment. Our preliminary results reveal sex differences between male and female mice treated with an acute dose of ACEA (0.1, 0.5 and 1 mg/kg I.P.) 30 minutes prior to formalin injection. We also note sex differences in the development of tolerance in male and female mice pretreated with ACEA for different number of days prior to the formalin test. Notably, the development of tolerance to the analgesic effects of ACEA corresponds with an alteration in the estrous cycle in female mice, suggesting that a hormonal component may be involved in this process. Further studies are needed to investigate the mechanisms behind these preclinical interesting findings. Interest in the cannabinoid class of compounds is growing rapidly as an option to treat a variety of conditions, including pain. Arachidonyl-2-chloroethalamide (ACEA), a CB1 specific compound and analog of the endocannabinoid anandamide, has demonstrated efficacy in a variety of animal pain models. Our study evaluated ACEA in the formalin model of pain in male and female C57BL6 mice. Intraplantar injection of 2.5% formalin produces a biphasic pain response modeling both acute and inflammatory pain, measured as time spent attending to the injected paw over the course of one hour. Since development of tolerance to the analgesic effects of cannabinoids is well documented in animal models and an important clinical consideration, we evaluated the analgesic effects of ACEA in both control mice, as well as mice pretreated with ACEA (doses of 0.1, 0.5 and 1 mg/kg) at different time point (ranging from 1 to 8 days) and tested with formalin on the last day of treatment. Our preliminary results reveal sex differences between male and female mice treated with an acute dose of ACEA (0.1, 0.5 and 1 mg/kg I.P.) 30 minutes prior to formalin injection. We also note sex differences in the development of tolerance in male and female mice pretreated with ACEA for different number of days prior to the formalin test. Notably, the development of tolerance to the analgesic effects of ACEA corresponds with an alteration in the estrous cycle in female mice, suggesting that a hormonal component may be involved in this process. Further studies are needed to investigate the mechanisms behind these preclinical interesting findings. Blanton, H. oth Rodriguez-Garcia, D. oth Lugo, I. oth Lilley, J. oth Brelsfoard, J. oth Enthalten in Elsevier Vieira, Hiparco Lins ELSEVIER Reliable redundancy resolution strategies for kinematically redundant parallel manipulators 2021 official journal of the American Pain Society New York, NY (DE-627)ELV006838596 volume:20 year:2019 number:4 pages:45 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpain.2019.01.204 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U 52.20 Antriebstechnik Getriebelehre VZ 50.32 Dynamik Schwingungslehre Technische Mechanik VZ 50.25 Robotertechnik VZ AR 20 2019 4 45 20.2019, 4, S45- |
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10.1016/j.jpain.2019.01.204 doi /cbs_pica/cbs_olc/import_discovery/elsevier/einzuspielen/GBV00000000000999.pica (DE-627)ELV046182381 (ELSEVIER)S1526-5900(19)30281-0 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb 620 VZ 52.20 bkl 50.32 bkl 50.25 bkl Guindon, J. verfasserin aut (282) Sex Differences in the Development of Tolerance to Arachidonyl-2-Chloroethalamide (ACEA) in the Mouse Formalin Pain Model 2019transfer abstract nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier Interest in the cannabinoid class of compounds is growing rapidly as an option to treat a variety of conditions, including pain. Arachidonyl-2-chloroethalamide (ACEA), a CB1 specific compound and analog of the endocannabinoid anandamide, has demonstrated efficacy in a variety of animal pain models. Our study evaluated ACEA in the formalin model of pain in male and female C57BL6 mice. Intraplantar injection of 2.5% formalin produces a biphasic pain response modeling both acute and inflammatory pain, measured as time spent attending to the injected paw over the course of one hour. Since development of tolerance to the analgesic effects of cannabinoids is well documented in animal models and an important clinical consideration, we evaluated the analgesic effects of ACEA in both control mice, as well as mice pretreated with ACEA (doses of 0.1, 0.5 and 1 mg/kg) at different time point (ranging from 1 to 8 days) and tested with formalin on the last day of treatment. Our preliminary results reveal sex differences between male and female mice treated with an acute dose of ACEA (0.1, 0.5 and 1 mg/kg I.P.) 30 minutes prior to formalin injection. We also note sex differences in the development of tolerance in male and female mice pretreated with ACEA for different number of days prior to the formalin test. Notably, the development of tolerance to the analgesic effects of ACEA corresponds with an alteration in the estrous cycle in female mice, suggesting that a hormonal component may be involved in this process. Further studies are needed to investigate the mechanisms behind these preclinical interesting findings. Interest in the cannabinoid class of compounds is growing rapidly as an option to treat a variety of conditions, including pain. Arachidonyl-2-chloroethalamide (ACEA), a CB1 specific compound and analog of the endocannabinoid anandamide, has demonstrated efficacy in a variety of animal pain models. Our study evaluated ACEA in the formalin model of pain in male and female C57BL6 mice. Intraplantar injection of 2.5% formalin produces a biphasic pain response modeling both acute and inflammatory pain, measured as time spent attending to the injected paw over the course of one hour. Since development of tolerance to the analgesic effects of cannabinoids is well documented in animal models and an important clinical consideration, we evaluated the analgesic effects of ACEA in both control mice, as well as mice pretreated with ACEA (doses of 0.1, 0.5 and 1 mg/kg) at different time point (ranging from 1 to 8 days) and tested with formalin on the last day of treatment. Our preliminary results reveal sex differences between male and female mice treated with an acute dose of ACEA (0.1, 0.5 and 1 mg/kg I.P.) 30 minutes prior to formalin injection. We also note sex differences in the development of tolerance in male and female mice pretreated with ACEA for different number of days prior to the formalin test. Notably, the development of tolerance to the analgesic effects of ACEA corresponds with an alteration in the estrous cycle in female mice, suggesting that a hormonal component may be involved in this process. Further studies are needed to investigate the mechanisms behind these preclinical interesting findings. Blanton, H. oth Rodriguez-Garcia, D. oth Lugo, I. oth Lilley, J. oth Brelsfoard, J. oth Enthalten in Elsevier Vieira, Hiparco Lins ELSEVIER Reliable redundancy resolution strategies for kinematically redundant parallel manipulators 2021 official journal of the American Pain Society New York, NY (DE-627)ELV006838596 volume:20 year:2019 number:4 pages:45 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpain.2019.01.204 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U 52.20 Antriebstechnik Getriebelehre VZ 50.32 Dynamik Schwingungslehre Technische Mechanik VZ 50.25 Robotertechnik VZ AR 20 2019 4 45 20.2019, 4, S45- |
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10.1016/j.jpain.2019.01.204 doi /cbs_pica/cbs_olc/import_discovery/elsevier/einzuspielen/GBV00000000000999.pica (DE-627)ELV046182381 (ELSEVIER)S1526-5900(19)30281-0 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb 620 VZ 52.20 bkl 50.32 bkl 50.25 bkl Guindon, J. verfasserin aut (282) Sex Differences in the Development of Tolerance to Arachidonyl-2-Chloroethalamide (ACEA) in the Mouse Formalin Pain Model 2019transfer abstract nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier Interest in the cannabinoid class of compounds is growing rapidly as an option to treat a variety of conditions, including pain. Arachidonyl-2-chloroethalamide (ACEA), a CB1 specific compound and analog of the endocannabinoid anandamide, has demonstrated efficacy in a variety of animal pain models. Our study evaluated ACEA in the formalin model of pain in male and female C57BL6 mice. Intraplantar injection of 2.5% formalin produces a biphasic pain response modeling both acute and inflammatory pain, measured as time spent attending to the injected paw over the course of one hour. Since development of tolerance to the analgesic effects of cannabinoids is well documented in animal models and an important clinical consideration, we evaluated the analgesic effects of ACEA in both control mice, as well as mice pretreated with ACEA (doses of 0.1, 0.5 and 1 mg/kg) at different time point (ranging from 1 to 8 days) and tested with formalin on the last day of treatment. Our preliminary results reveal sex differences between male and female mice treated with an acute dose of ACEA (0.1, 0.5 and 1 mg/kg I.P.) 30 minutes prior to formalin injection. We also note sex differences in the development of tolerance in male and female mice pretreated with ACEA for different number of days prior to the formalin test. Notably, the development of tolerance to the analgesic effects of ACEA corresponds with an alteration in the estrous cycle in female mice, suggesting that a hormonal component may be involved in this process. Further studies are needed to investigate the mechanisms behind these preclinical interesting findings. Interest in the cannabinoid class of compounds is growing rapidly as an option to treat a variety of conditions, including pain. Arachidonyl-2-chloroethalamide (ACEA), a CB1 specific compound and analog of the endocannabinoid anandamide, has demonstrated efficacy in a variety of animal pain models. Our study evaluated ACEA in the formalin model of pain in male and female C57BL6 mice. Intraplantar injection of 2.5% formalin produces a biphasic pain response modeling both acute and inflammatory pain, measured as time spent attending to the injected paw over the course of one hour. Since development of tolerance to the analgesic effects of cannabinoids is well documented in animal models and an important clinical consideration, we evaluated the analgesic effects of ACEA in both control mice, as well as mice pretreated with ACEA (doses of 0.1, 0.5 and 1 mg/kg) at different time point (ranging from 1 to 8 days) and tested with formalin on the last day of treatment. Our preliminary results reveal sex differences between male and female mice treated with an acute dose of ACEA (0.1, 0.5 and 1 mg/kg I.P.) 30 minutes prior to formalin injection. We also note sex differences in the development of tolerance in male and female mice pretreated with ACEA for different number of days prior to the formalin test. Notably, the development of tolerance to the analgesic effects of ACEA corresponds with an alteration in the estrous cycle in female mice, suggesting that a hormonal component may be involved in this process. Further studies are needed to investigate the mechanisms behind these preclinical interesting findings. Blanton, H. oth Rodriguez-Garcia, D. oth Lugo, I. oth Lilley, J. oth Brelsfoard, J. oth Enthalten in Elsevier Vieira, Hiparco Lins ELSEVIER Reliable redundancy resolution strategies for kinematically redundant parallel manipulators 2021 official journal of the American Pain Society New York, NY (DE-627)ELV006838596 volume:20 year:2019 number:4 pages:45 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpain.2019.01.204 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U 52.20 Antriebstechnik Getriebelehre VZ 50.32 Dynamik Schwingungslehre Technische Mechanik VZ 50.25 Robotertechnik VZ AR 20 2019 4 45 20.2019, 4, S45- |
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(282) sex differences in the development of tolerance to arachidonyl-2-chloroethalamide (acea) in the mouse formalin pain model |
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(282) Sex Differences in the Development of Tolerance to Arachidonyl-2-Chloroethalamide (ACEA) in the Mouse Formalin Pain Model |
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Interest in the cannabinoid class of compounds is growing rapidly as an option to treat a variety of conditions, including pain. Arachidonyl-2-chloroethalamide (ACEA), a CB1 specific compound and analog of the endocannabinoid anandamide, has demonstrated efficacy in a variety of animal pain models. Our study evaluated ACEA in the formalin model of pain in male and female C57BL6 mice. Intraplantar injection of 2.5% formalin produces a biphasic pain response modeling both acute and inflammatory pain, measured as time spent attending to the injected paw over the course of one hour. Since development of tolerance to the analgesic effects of cannabinoids is well documented in animal models and an important clinical consideration, we evaluated the analgesic effects of ACEA in both control mice, as well as mice pretreated with ACEA (doses of 0.1, 0.5 and 1 mg/kg) at different time point (ranging from 1 to 8 days) and tested with formalin on the last day of treatment. Our preliminary results reveal sex differences between male and female mice treated with an acute dose of ACEA (0.1, 0.5 and 1 mg/kg I.P.) 30 minutes prior to formalin injection. We also note sex differences in the development of tolerance in male and female mice pretreated with ACEA for different number of days prior to the formalin test. Notably, the development of tolerance to the analgesic effects of ACEA corresponds with an alteration in the estrous cycle in female mice, suggesting that a hormonal component may be involved in this process. Further studies are needed to investigate the mechanisms behind these preclinical interesting findings. |
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Interest in the cannabinoid class of compounds is growing rapidly as an option to treat a variety of conditions, including pain. Arachidonyl-2-chloroethalamide (ACEA), a CB1 specific compound and analog of the endocannabinoid anandamide, has demonstrated efficacy in a variety of animal pain models. Our study evaluated ACEA in the formalin model of pain in male and female C57BL6 mice. Intraplantar injection of 2.5% formalin produces a biphasic pain response modeling both acute and inflammatory pain, measured as time spent attending to the injected paw over the course of one hour. Since development of tolerance to the analgesic effects of cannabinoids is well documented in animal models and an important clinical consideration, we evaluated the analgesic effects of ACEA in both control mice, as well as mice pretreated with ACEA (doses of 0.1, 0.5 and 1 mg/kg) at different time point (ranging from 1 to 8 days) and tested with formalin on the last day of treatment. Our preliminary results reveal sex differences between male and female mice treated with an acute dose of ACEA (0.1, 0.5 and 1 mg/kg I.P.) 30 minutes prior to formalin injection. We also note sex differences in the development of tolerance in male and female mice pretreated with ACEA for different number of days prior to the formalin test. Notably, the development of tolerance to the analgesic effects of ACEA corresponds with an alteration in the estrous cycle in female mice, suggesting that a hormonal component may be involved in this process. Further studies are needed to investigate the mechanisms behind these preclinical interesting findings. |
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Interest in the cannabinoid class of compounds is growing rapidly as an option to treat a variety of conditions, including pain. Arachidonyl-2-chloroethalamide (ACEA), a CB1 specific compound and analog of the endocannabinoid anandamide, has demonstrated efficacy in a variety of animal pain models. Our study evaluated ACEA in the formalin model of pain in male and female C57BL6 mice. Intraplantar injection of 2.5% formalin produces a biphasic pain response modeling both acute and inflammatory pain, measured as time spent attending to the injected paw over the course of one hour. Since development of tolerance to the analgesic effects of cannabinoids is well documented in animal models and an important clinical consideration, we evaluated the analgesic effects of ACEA in both control mice, as well as mice pretreated with ACEA (doses of 0.1, 0.5 and 1 mg/kg) at different time point (ranging from 1 to 8 days) and tested with formalin on the last day of treatment. Our preliminary results reveal sex differences between male and female mice treated with an acute dose of ACEA (0.1, 0.5 and 1 mg/kg I.P.) 30 minutes prior to formalin injection. We also note sex differences in the development of tolerance in male and female mice pretreated with ACEA for different number of days prior to the formalin test. Notably, the development of tolerance to the analgesic effects of ACEA corresponds with an alteration in the estrous cycle in female mice, suggesting that a hormonal component may be involved in this process. Further studies are needed to investigate the mechanisms behind these preclinical interesting findings. |
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