Aerosol optical characteristics and radiative forcing in urban Beijing
Atmospheric aerosol particles exert significant influence on the earth's radiation budget, and accurate measurement of aerosol optical properties can help reduce the uncertainties in estimating aerosol radiative forcing. Therefore, year-round measurements of aerosol optical properties from Augu...
Ausführliche Beschreibung
Gespeichert in:
| Autor*in: |
Zhao, Shuman [verfasserIn] |
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| Format: |
E-Artikel |
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| Sprache: |
Englisch |
| Erschienen: |
2019transfer abstract |
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| Schlagwörter: |
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| Umfang: |
13 |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
Enthalten in: The internal pudendal artery turnover (IPAT) flap: A new, simple and reliable technique for perineal reconstruction - Nassar, M.K. ELSEVIER, 2021, Amsterdam [u.a.] |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:212 ; year:2019 ; day:1 ; month:09 ; pages:41-53 ; extent:13 |
| Links: |
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| DOI / URN: |
10.1016/j.atmosenv.2019.05.034 |
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| Katalog-ID: |
ELV047113189 |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Aerosol optical characteristics and radiative forcing in urban Beijing |
| 264 | 1 | |c 2019transfer abstract | |
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| 520 | |a Atmospheric aerosol particles exert significant influence on the earth's radiation budget, and accurate measurement of aerosol optical properties can help reduce the uncertainties in estimating aerosol radiative forcing. Therefore, year-round measurements of aerosol optical properties from August 2016 to July 2017 at an urban site in Beijing were analysed. The results show that the annual mean scattering coefficient (σsp at 550 nm, 131 ± 135 Mm−1) was approximately half of the measurement in Beijing from 2008 to 2009 and from 2005 to 2006, mainly due to the reduction of PM2.5 and scattering aerosols in recent years. Meanwhile, annual mean of σabs (637 nm) and SSA was 14 ± 11 Mm−1 and 0.85 ± 0.06, respectively. Seasonally, σsp during winter was approximately two times higher than in other seasons, while σabs was higher during autumn and winter, which may be attributed to biomass and fossil fuel burning under a shallow and stable boundary layer. Diurnal variation of σsp showed an evening peak and a slight morning peak in spring and summer, as well as a night peak in autumn and winter. σabs in four seasons were basically unimodal, with a morning peak in spring and summer, and a night peak in autumn and winter. In addition, the scattering Ångström exponent and backscattering Ångström exponent suggested the dominance of micro-size aerosols. Seasonal variations of SAE, BAE and the backscatter fraction indicated a larger proportion of isotropic scattering and fine-mode particles in summer and autumn, as well as a dominance of coarse particles in spring and a complicated aerosol type distribution and emission sources in winter. Furthermore, radiative forcing was estimated by a radiative transfer model. Radiative forcing varied between −6.69 and −235.67 Wm-2 (with the average of −54.93 ± 39.92 Wm-2) at the surface, with a mean of 35.56 ± 22.88 Wm-2 in the atmosphere. | ||
| 520 | |a Atmospheric aerosol particles exert significant influence on the earth's radiation budget, and accurate measurement of aerosol optical properties can help reduce the uncertainties in estimating aerosol radiative forcing. Therefore, year-round measurements of aerosol optical properties from August 2016 to July 2017 at an urban site in Beijing were analysed. The results show that the annual mean scattering coefficient (σsp at 550 nm, 131 ± 135 Mm−1) was approximately half of the measurement in Beijing from 2008 to 2009 and from 2005 to 2006, mainly due to the reduction of PM2.5 and scattering aerosols in recent years. Meanwhile, annual mean of σabs (637 nm) and SSA was 14 ± 11 Mm−1 and 0.85 ± 0.06, respectively. Seasonally, σsp during winter was approximately two times higher than in other seasons, while σabs was higher during autumn and winter, which may be attributed to biomass and fossil fuel burning under a shallow and stable boundary layer. Diurnal variation of σsp showed an evening peak and a slight morning peak in spring and summer, as well as a night peak in autumn and winter. σabs in four seasons were basically unimodal, with a morning peak in spring and summer, and a night peak in autumn and winter. In addition, the scattering Ångström exponent and backscattering Ångström exponent suggested the dominance of micro-size aerosols. Seasonal variations of SAE, BAE and the backscatter fraction indicated a larger proportion of isotropic scattering and fine-mode particles in summer and autumn, as well as a dominance of coarse particles in spring and a complicated aerosol type distribution and emission sources in winter. Furthermore, radiative forcing was estimated by a radiative transfer model. Radiative forcing varied between −6.69 and −235.67 Wm-2 (with the average of −54.93 ± 39.92 Wm-2) at the surface, with a mean of 35.56 ± 22.88 Wm-2 in the atmosphere. | ||
| 650 | 7 | |a Single scattering albedo |2 Elsevier | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Å |2 Elsevier | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Scattering coefficient |2 Elsevier | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Absorption coefficient |2 Elsevier | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Ngström exponent |2 Elsevier | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Radiative forcing |2 Elsevier | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Hu, Bo |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Du, Chaojie |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Tang, Liqin |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Ma, Yongjing |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Liu, Hui |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Zou, Jianan |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Liu, Zirui |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Wei, Jie |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Wang, Yuesi |4 oth | |
| 773 | 0 | 8 | |i Enthalten in |n Elsevier Science |a Nassar, M.K. ELSEVIER |t The internal pudendal artery turnover (IPAT) flap: A new, simple and reliable technique for perineal reconstruction |d 2021 |g Amsterdam [u.a.] |w (DE-627)ELV00656139X |
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10.1016/j.atmosenv.2019.05.034 doi GBV00000000000653.pica (DE-627)ELV047113189 (ELSEVIER)S1352-2310(19)30333-4 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 610 VZ 44.65 bkl Zhao, Shuman verfasserin aut Aerosol optical characteristics and radiative forcing in urban Beijing 2019transfer abstract 13 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier Atmospheric aerosol particles exert significant influence on the earth's radiation budget, and accurate measurement of aerosol optical properties can help reduce the uncertainties in estimating aerosol radiative forcing. Therefore, year-round measurements of aerosol optical properties from August 2016 to July 2017 at an urban site in Beijing were analysed. The results show that the annual mean scattering coefficient (σsp at 550 nm, 131 ± 135 Mm−1) was approximately half of the measurement in Beijing from 2008 to 2009 and from 2005 to 2006, mainly due to the reduction of PM2.5 and scattering aerosols in recent years. Meanwhile, annual mean of σabs (637 nm) and SSA was 14 ± 11 Mm−1 and 0.85 ± 0.06, respectively. Seasonally, σsp during winter was approximately two times higher than in other seasons, while σabs was higher during autumn and winter, which may be attributed to biomass and fossil fuel burning under a shallow and stable boundary layer. Diurnal variation of σsp showed an evening peak and a slight morning peak in spring and summer, as well as a night peak in autumn and winter. σabs in four seasons were basically unimodal, with a morning peak in spring and summer, and a night peak in autumn and winter. In addition, the scattering Ångström exponent and backscattering Ångström exponent suggested the dominance of micro-size aerosols. Seasonal variations of SAE, BAE and the backscatter fraction indicated a larger proportion of isotropic scattering and fine-mode particles in summer and autumn, as well as a dominance of coarse particles in spring and a complicated aerosol type distribution and emission sources in winter. Furthermore, radiative forcing was estimated by a radiative transfer model. Radiative forcing varied between −6.69 and −235.67 Wm-2 (with the average of −54.93 ± 39.92 Wm-2) at the surface, with a mean of 35.56 ± 22.88 Wm-2 in the atmosphere. Atmospheric aerosol particles exert significant influence on the earth's radiation budget, and accurate measurement of aerosol optical properties can help reduce the uncertainties in estimating aerosol radiative forcing. Therefore, year-round measurements of aerosol optical properties from August 2016 to July 2017 at an urban site in Beijing were analysed. The results show that the annual mean scattering coefficient (σsp at 550 nm, 131 ± 135 Mm−1) was approximately half of the measurement in Beijing from 2008 to 2009 and from 2005 to 2006, mainly due to the reduction of PM2.5 and scattering aerosols in recent years. Meanwhile, annual mean of σabs (637 nm) and SSA was 14 ± 11 Mm−1 and 0.85 ± 0.06, respectively. Seasonally, σsp during winter was approximately two times higher than in other seasons, while σabs was higher during autumn and winter, which may be attributed to biomass and fossil fuel burning under a shallow and stable boundary layer. Diurnal variation of σsp showed an evening peak and a slight morning peak in spring and summer, as well as a night peak in autumn and winter. σabs in four seasons were basically unimodal, with a morning peak in spring and summer, and a night peak in autumn and winter. In addition, the scattering Ångström exponent and backscattering Ångström exponent suggested the dominance of micro-size aerosols. Seasonal variations of SAE, BAE and the backscatter fraction indicated a larger proportion of isotropic scattering and fine-mode particles in summer and autumn, as well as a dominance of coarse particles in spring and a complicated aerosol type distribution and emission sources in winter. Furthermore, radiative forcing was estimated by a radiative transfer model. Radiative forcing varied between −6.69 and −235.67 Wm-2 (with the average of −54.93 ± 39.92 Wm-2) at the surface, with a mean of 35.56 ± 22.88 Wm-2 in the atmosphere. Single scattering albedo Elsevier Å Elsevier Scattering coefficient Elsevier Absorption coefficient Elsevier Ngström exponent Elsevier Radiative forcing Elsevier Hu, Bo oth Du, Chaojie oth Tang, Liqin oth Ma, Yongjing oth Liu, Hui oth Zou, Jianan oth Liu, Zirui oth Wei, Jie oth Wang, Yuesi oth Enthalten in Elsevier Science Nassar, M.K. ELSEVIER The internal pudendal artery turnover (IPAT) flap: A new, simple and reliable technique for perineal reconstruction 2021 Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV00656139X volume:212 year:2019 day:1 month:09 pages:41-53 extent:13 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2019.05.034 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U SSG-OLC-PHA 44.65 Chirurgie VZ AR 212 2019 1 0901 41-53 13 |
| spelling |
10.1016/j.atmosenv.2019.05.034 doi GBV00000000000653.pica (DE-627)ELV047113189 (ELSEVIER)S1352-2310(19)30333-4 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 610 VZ 44.65 bkl Zhao, Shuman verfasserin aut Aerosol optical characteristics and radiative forcing in urban Beijing 2019transfer abstract 13 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier Atmospheric aerosol particles exert significant influence on the earth's radiation budget, and accurate measurement of aerosol optical properties can help reduce the uncertainties in estimating aerosol radiative forcing. Therefore, year-round measurements of aerosol optical properties from August 2016 to July 2017 at an urban site in Beijing were analysed. The results show that the annual mean scattering coefficient (σsp at 550 nm, 131 ± 135 Mm−1) was approximately half of the measurement in Beijing from 2008 to 2009 and from 2005 to 2006, mainly due to the reduction of PM2.5 and scattering aerosols in recent years. Meanwhile, annual mean of σabs (637 nm) and SSA was 14 ± 11 Mm−1 and 0.85 ± 0.06, respectively. Seasonally, σsp during winter was approximately two times higher than in other seasons, while σabs was higher during autumn and winter, which may be attributed to biomass and fossil fuel burning under a shallow and stable boundary layer. Diurnal variation of σsp showed an evening peak and a slight morning peak in spring and summer, as well as a night peak in autumn and winter. σabs in four seasons were basically unimodal, with a morning peak in spring and summer, and a night peak in autumn and winter. In addition, the scattering Ångström exponent and backscattering Ångström exponent suggested the dominance of micro-size aerosols. Seasonal variations of SAE, BAE and the backscatter fraction indicated a larger proportion of isotropic scattering and fine-mode particles in summer and autumn, as well as a dominance of coarse particles in spring and a complicated aerosol type distribution and emission sources in winter. Furthermore, radiative forcing was estimated by a radiative transfer model. Radiative forcing varied between −6.69 and −235.67 Wm-2 (with the average of −54.93 ± 39.92 Wm-2) at the surface, with a mean of 35.56 ± 22.88 Wm-2 in the atmosphere. Atmospheric aerosol particles exert significant influence on the earth's radiation budget, and accurate measurement of aerosol optical properties can help reduce the uncertainties in estimating aerosol radiative forcing. Therefore, year-round measurements of aerosol optical properties from August 2016 to July 2017 at an urban site in Beijing were analysed. The results show that the annual mean scattering coefficient (σsp at 550 nm, 131 ± 135 Mm−1) was approximately half of the measurement in Beijing from 2008 to 2009 and from 2005 to 2006, mainly due to the reduction of PM2.5 and scattering aerosols in recent years. Meanwhile, annual mean of σabs (637 nm) and SSA was 14 ± 11 Mm−1 and 0.85 ± 0.06, respectively. Seasonally, σsp during winter was approximately two times higher than in other seasons, while σabs was higher during autumn and winter, which may be attributed to biomass and fossil fuel burning under a shallow and stable boundary layer. Diurnal variation of σsp showed an evening peak and a slight morning peak in spring and summer, as well as a night peak in autumn and winter. σabs in four seasons were basically unimodal, with a morning peak in spring and summer, and a night peak in autumn and winter. In addition, the scattering Ångström exponent and backscattering Ångström exponent suggested the dominance of micro-size aerosols. Seasonal variations of SAE, BAE and the backscatter fraction indicated a larger proportion of isotropic scattering and fine-mode particles in summer and autumn, as well as a dominance of coarse particles in spring and a complicated aerosol type distribution and emission sources in winter. Furthermore, radiative forcing was estimated by a radiative transfer model. Radiative forcing varied between −6.69 and −235.67 Wm-2 (with the average of −54.93 ± 39.92 Wm-2) at the surface, with a mean of 35.56 ± 22.88 Wm-2 in the atmosphere. Single scattering albedo Elsevier Å Elsevier Scattering coefficient Elsevier Absorption coefficient Elsevier Ngström exponent Elsevier Radiative forcing Elsevier Hu, Bo oth Du, Chaojie oth Tang, Liqin oth Ma, Yongjing oth Liu, Hui oth Zou, Jianan oth Liu, Zirui oth Wei, Jie oth Wang, Yuesi oth Enthalten in Elsevier Science Nassar, M.K. ELSEVIER The internal pudendal artery turnover (IPAT) flap: A new, simple and reliable technique for perineal reconstruction 2021 Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV00656139X volume:212 year:2019 day:1 month:09 pages:41-53 extent:13 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2019.05.034 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U SSG-OLC-PHA 44.65 Chirurgie VZ AR 212 2019 1 0901 41-53 13 |
| allfields_unstemmed |
10.1016/j.atmosenv.2019.05.034 doi GBV00000000000653.pica (DE-627)ELV047113189 (ELSEVIER)S1352-2310(19)30333-4 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 610 VZ 44.65 bkl Zhao, Shuman verfasserin aut Aerosol optical characteristics and radiative forcing in urban Beijing 2019transfer abstract 13 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier Atmospheric aerosol particles exert significant influence on the earth's radiation budget, and accurate measurement of aerosol optical properties can help reduce the uncertainties in estimating aerosol radiative forcing. Therefore, year-round measurements of aerosol optical properties from August 2016 to July 2017 at an urban site in Beijing were analysed. The results show that the annual mean scattering coefficient (σsp at 550 nm, 131 ± 135 Mm−1) was approximately half of the measurement in Beijing from 2008 to 2009 and from 2005 to 2006, mainly due to the reduction of PM2.5 and scattering aerosols in recent years. Meanwhile, annual mean of σabs (637 nm) and SSA was 14 ± 11 Mm−1 and 0.85 ± 0.06, respectively. Seasonally, σsp during winter was approximately two times higher than in other seasons, while σabs was higher during autumn and winter, which may be attributed to biomass and fossil fuel burning under a shallow and stable boundary layer. Diurnal variation of σsp showed an evening peak and a slight morning peak in spring and summer, as well as a night peak in autumn and winter. σabs in four seasons were basically unimodal, with a morning peak in spring and summer, and a night peak in autumn and winter. In addition, the scattering Ångström exponent and backscattering Ångström exponent suggested the dominance of micro-size aerosols. Seasonal variations of SAE, BAE and the backscatter fraction indicated a larger proportion of isotropic scattering and fine-mode particles in summer and autumn, as well as a dominance of coarse particles in spring and a complicated aerosol type distribution and emission sources in winter. Furthermore, radiative forcing was estimated by a radiative transfer model. Radiative forcing varied between −6.69 and −235.67 Wm-2 (with the average of −54.93 ± 39.92 Wm-2) at the surface, with a mean of 35.56 ± 22.88 Wm-2 in the atmosphere. Atmospheric aerosol particles exert significant influence on the earth's radiation budget, and accurate measurement of aerosol optical properties can help reduce the uncertainties in estimating aerosol radiative forcing. Therefore, year-round measurements of aerosol optical properties from August 2016 to July 2017 at an urban site in Beijing were analysed. The results show that the annual mean scattering coefficient (σsp at 550 nm, 131 ± 135 Mm−1) was approximately half of the measurement in Beijing from 2008 to 2009 and from 2005 to 2006, mainly due to the reduction of PM2.5 and scattering aerosols in recent years. Meanwhile, annual mean of σabs (637 nm) and SSA was 14 ± 11 Mm−1 and 0.85 ± 0.06, respectively. Seasonally, σsp during winter was approximately two times higher than in other seasons, while σabs was higher during autumn and winter, which may be attributed to biomass and fossil fuel burning under a shallow and stable boundary layer. Diurnal variation of σsp showed an evening peak and a slight morning peak in spring and summer, as well as a night peak in autumn and winter. σabs in four seasons were basically unimodal, with a morning peak in spring and summer, and a night peak in autumn and winter. In addition, the scattering Ångström exponent and backscattering Ångström exponent suggested the dominance of micro-size aerosols. Seasonal variations of SAE, BAE and the backscatter fraction indicated a larger proportion of isotropic scattering and fine-mode particles in summer and autumn, as well as a dominance of coarse particles in spring and a complicated aerosol type distribution and emission sources in winter. Furthermore, radiative forcing was estimated by a radiative transfer model. Radiative forcing varied between −6.69 and −235.67 Wm-2 (with the average of −54.93 ± 39.92 Wm-2) at the surface, with a mean of 35.56 ± 22.88 Wm-2 in the atmosphere. Single scattering albedo Elsevier Å Elsevier Scattering coefficient Elsevier Absorption coefficient Elsevier Ngström exponent Elsevier Radiative forcing Elsevier Hu, Bo oth Du, Chaojie oth Tang, Liqin oth Ma, Yongjing oth Liu, Hui oth Zou, Jianan oth Liu, Zirui oth Wei, Jie oth Wang, Yuesi oth Enthalten in Elsevier Science Nassar, M.K. ELSEVIER The internal pudendal artery turnover (IPAT) flap: A new, simple and reliable technique for perineal reconstruction 2021 Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV00656139X volume:212 year:2019 day:1 month:09 pages:41-53 extent:13 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2019.05.034 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U SSG-OLC-PHA 44.65 Chirurgie VZ AR 212 2019 1 0901 41-53 13 |
| allfieldsGer |
10.1016/j.atmosenv.2019.05.034 doi GBV00000000000653.pica (DE-627)ELV047113189 (ELSEVIER)S1352-2310(19)30333-4 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 610 VZ 44.65 bkl Zhao, Shuman verfasserin aut Aerosol optical characteristics and radiative forcing in urban Beijing 2019transfer abstract 13 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier Atmospheric aerosol particles exert significant influence on the earth's radiation budget, and accurate measurement of aerosol optical properties can help reduce the uncertainties in estimating aerosol radiative forcing. Therefore, year-round measurements of aerosol optical properties from August 2016 to July 2017 at an urban site in Beijing were analysed. The results show that the annual mean scattering coefficient (σsp at 550 nm, 131 ± 135 Mm−1) was approximately half of the measurement in Beijing from 2008 to 2009 and from 2005 to 2006, mainly due to the reduction of PM2.5 and scattering aerosols in recent years. Meanwhile, annual mean of σabs (637 nm) and SSA was 14 ± 11 Mm−1 and 0.85 ± 0.06, respectively. Seasonally, σsp during winter was approximately two times higher than in other seasons, while σabs was higher during autumn and winter, which may be attributed to biomass and fossil fuel burning under a shallow and stable boundary layer. Diurnal variation of σsp showed an evening peak and a slight morning peak in spring and summer, as well as a night peak in autumn and winter. σabs in four seasons were basically unimodal, with a morning peak in spring and summer, and a night peak in autumn and winter. In addition, the scattering Ångström exponent and backscattering Ångström exponent suggested the dominance of micro-size aerosols. Seasonal variations of SAE, BAE and the backscatter fraction indicated a larger proportion of isotropic scattering and fine-mode particles in summer and autumn, as well as a dominance of coarse particles in spring and a complicated aerosol type distribution and emission sources in winter. Furthermore, radiative forcing was estimated by a radiative transfer model. Radiative forcing varied between −6.69 and −235.67 Wm-2 (with the average of −54.93 ± 39.92 Wm-2) at the surface, with a mean of 35.56 ± 22.88 Wm-2 in the atmosphere. Atmospheric aerosol particles exert significant influence on the earth's radiation budget, and accurate measurement of aerosol optical properties can help reduce the uncertainties in estimating aerosol radiative forcing. Therefore, year-round measurements of aerosol optical properties from August 2016 to July 2017 at an urban site in Beijing were analysed. The results show that the annual mean scattering coefficient (σsp at 550 nm, 131 ± 135 Mm−1) was approximately half of the measurement in Beijing from 2008 to 2009 and from 2005 to 2006, mainly due to the reduction of PM2.5 and scattering aerosols in recent years. Meanwhile, annual mean of σabs (637 nm) and SSA was 14 ± 11 Mm−1 and 0.85 ± 0.06, respectively. Seasonally, σsp during winter was approximately two times higher than in other seasons, while σabs was higher during autumn and winter, which may be attributed to biomass and fossil fuel burning under a shallow and stable boundary layer. Diurnal variation of σsp showed an evening peak and a slight morning peak in spring and summer, as well as a night peak in autumn and winter. σabs in four seasons were basically unimodal, with a morning peak in spring and summer, and a night peak in autumn and winter. In addition, the scattering Ångström exponent and backscattering Ångström exponent suggested the dominance of micro-size aerosols. Seasonal variations of SAE, BAE and the backscatter fraction indicated a larger proportion of isotropic scattering and fine-mode particles in summer and autumn, as well as a dominance of coarse particles in spring and a complicated aerosol type distribution and emission sources in winter. Furthermore, radiative forcing was estimated by a radiative transfer model. Radiative forcing varied between −6.69 and −235.67 Wm-2 (with the average of −54.93 ± 39.92 Wm-2) at the surface, with a mean of 35.56 ± 22.88 Wm-2 in the atmosphere. Single scattering albedo Elsevier Å Elsevier Scattering coefficient Elsevier Absorption coefficient Elsevier Ngström exponent Elsevier Radiative forcing Elsevier Hu, Bo oth Du, Chaojie oth Tang, Liqin oth Ma, Yongjing oth Liu, Hui oth Zou, Jianan oth Liu, Zirui oth Wei, Jie oth Wang, Yuesi oth Enthalten in Elsevier Science Nassar, M.K. ELSEVIER The internal pudendal artery turnover (IPAT) flap: A new, simple and reliable technique for perineal reconstruction 2021 Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV00656139X volume:212 year:2019 day:1 month:09 pages:41-53 extent:13 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2019.05.034 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U SSG-OLC-PHA 44.65 Chirurgie VZ AR 212 2019 1 0901 41-53 13 |
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10.1016/j.atmosenv.2019.05.034 doi GBV00000000000653.pica (DE-627)ELV047113189 (ELSEVIER)S1352-2310(19)30333-4 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 610 VZ 44.65 bkl Zhao, Shuman verfasserin aut Aerosol optical characteristics and radiative forcing in urban Beijing 2019transfer abstract 13 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier Atmospheric aerosol particles exert significant influence on the earth's radiation budget, and accurate measurement of aerosol optical properties can help reduce the uncertainties in estimating aerosol radiative forcing. Therefore, year-round measurements of aerosol optical properties from August 2016 to July 2017 at an urban site in Beijing were analysed. The results show that the annual mean scattering coefficient (σsp at 550 nm, 131 ± 135 Mm−1) was approximately half of the measurement in Beijing from 2008 to 2009 and from 2005 to 2006, mainly due to the reduction of PM2.5 and scattering aerosols in recent years. Meanwhile, annual mean of σabs (637 nm) and SSA was 14 ± 11 Mm−1 and 0.85 ± 0.06, respectively. Seasonally, σsp during winter was approximately two times higher than in other seasons, while σabs was higher during autumn and winter, which may be attributed to biomass and fossil fuel burning under a shallow and stable boundary layer. Diurnal variation of σsp showed an evening peak and a slight morning peak in spring and summer, as well as a night peak in autumn and winter. σabs in four seasons were basically unimodal, with a morning peak in spring and summer, and a night peak in autumn and winter. In addition, the scattering Ångström exponent and backscattering Ångström exponent suggested the dominance of micro-size aerosols. Seasonal variations of SAE, BAE and the backscatter fraction indicated a larger proportion of isotropic scattering and fine-mode particles in summer and autumn, as well as a dominance of coarse particles in spring and a complicated aerosol type distribution and emission sources in winter. Furthermore, radiative forcing was estimated by a radiative transfer model. Radiative forcing varied between −6.69 and −235.67 Wm-2 (with the average of −54.93 ± 39.92 Wm-2) at the surface, with a mean of 35.56 ± 22.88 Wm-2 in the atmosphere. Atmospheric aerosol particles exert significant influence on the earth's radiation budget, and accurate measurement of aerosol optical properties can help reduce the uncertainties in estimating aerosol radiative forcing. Therefore, year-round measurements of aerosol optical properties from August 2016 to July 2017 at an urban site in Beijing were analysed. The results show that the annual mean scattering coefficient (σsp at 550 nm, 131 ± 135 Mm−1) was approximately half of the measurement in Beijing from 2008 to 2009 and from 2005 to 2006, mainly due to the reduction of PM2.5 and scattering aerosols in recent years. Meanwhile, annual mean of σabs (637 nm) and SSA was 14 ± 11 Mm−1 and 0.85 ± 0.06, respectively. Seasonally, σsp during winter was approximately two times higher than in other seasons, while σabs was higher during autumn and winter, which may be attributed to biomass and fossil fuel burning under a shallow and stable boundary layer. Diurnal variation of σsp showed an evening peak and a slight morning peak in spring and summer, as well as a night peak in autumn and winter. σabs in four seasons were basically unimodal, with a morning peak in spring and summer, and a night peak in autumn and winter. In addition, the scattering Ångström exponent and backscattering Ångström exponent suggested the dominance of micro-size aerosols. Seasonal variations of SAE, BAE and the backscatter fraction indicated a larger proportion of isotropic scattering and fine-mode particles in summer and autumn, as well as a dominance of coarse particles in spring and a complicated aerosol type distribution and emission sources in winter. Furthermore, radiative forcing was estimated by a radiative transfer model. Radiative forcing varied between −6.69 and −235.67 Wm-2 (with the average of −54.93 ± 39.92 Wm-2) at the surface, with a mean of 35.56 ± 22.88 Wm-2 in the atmosphere. Single scattering albedo Elsevier Å Elsevier Scattering coefficient Elsevier Absorption coefficient Elsevier Ngström exponent Elsevier Radiative forcing Elsevier Hu, Bo oth Du, Chaojie oth Tang, Liqin oth Ma, Yongjing oth Liu, Hui oth Zou, Jianan oth Liu, Zirui oth Wei, Jie oth Wang, Yuesi oth Enthalten in Elsevier Science Nassar, M.K. ELSEVIER The internal pudendal artery turnover (IPAT) flap: A new, simple and reliable technique for perineal reconstruction 2021 Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV00656139X volume:212 year:2019 day:1 month:09 pages:41-53 extent:13 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2019.05.034 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U SSG-OLC-PHA 44.65 Chirurgie VZ AR 212 2019 1 0901 41-53 13 |
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Aerosol optical characteristics and radiative forcing in urban Beijing |
| abstract |
Atmospheric aerosol particles exert significant influence on the earth's radiation budget, and accurate measurement of aerosol optical properties can help reduce the uncertainties in estimating aerosol radiative forcing. Therefore, year-round measurements of aerosol optical properties from August 2016 to July 2017 at an urban site in Beijing were analysed. The results show that the annual mean scattering coefficient (σsp at 550 nm, 131 ± 135 Mm−1) was approximately half of the measurement in Beijing from 2008 to 2009 and from 2005 to 2006, mainly due to the reduction of PM2.5 and scattering aerosols in recent years. Meanwhile, annual mean of σabs (637 nm) and SSA was 14 ± 11 Mm−1 and 0.85 ± 0.06, respectively. Seasonally, σsp during winter was approximately two times higher than in other seasons, while σabs was higher during autumn and winter, which may be attributed to biomass and fossil fuel burning under a shallow and stable boundary layer. Diurnal variation of σsp showed an evening peak and a slight morning peak in spring and summer, as well as a night peak in autumn and winter. σabs in four seasons were basically unimodal, with a morning peak in spring and summer, and a night peak in autumn and winter. In addition, the scattering Ångström exponent and backscattering Ångström exponent suggested the dominance of micro-size aerosols. Seasonal variations of SAE, BAE and the backscatter fraction indicated a larger proportion of isotropic scattering and fine-mode particles in summer and autumn, as well as a dominance of coarse particles in spring and a complicated aerosol type distribution and emission sources in winter. Furthermore, radiative forcing was estimated by a radiative transfer model. Radiative forcing varied between −6.69 and −235.67 Wm-2 (with the average of −54.93 ± 39.92 Wm-2) at the surface, with a mean of 35.56 ± 22.88 Wm-2 in the atmosphere. |
| abstractGer |
Atmospheric aerosol particles exert significant influence on the earth's radiation budget, and accurate measurement of aerosol optical properties can help reduce the uncertainties in estimating aerosol radiative forcing. Therefore, year-round measurements of aerosol optical properties from August 2016 to July 2017 at an urban site in Beijing were analysed. The results show that the annual mean scattering coefficient (σsp at 550 nm, 131 ± 135 Mm−1) was approximately half of the measurement in Beijing from 2008 to 2009 and from 2005 to 2006, mainly due to the reduction of PM2.5 and scattering aerosols in recent years. Meanwhile, annual mean of σabs (637 nm) and SSA was 14 ± 11 Mm−1 and 0.85 ± 0.06, respectively. Seasonally, σsp during winter was approximately two times higher than in other seasons, while σabs was higher during autumn and winter, which may be attributed to biomass and fossil fuel burning under a shallow and stable boundary layer. Diurnal variation of σsp showed an evening peak and a slight morning peak in spring and summer, as well as a night peak in autumn and winter. σabs in four seasons were basically unimodal, with a morning peak in spring and summer, and a night peak in autumn and winter. In addition, the scattering Ångström exponent and backscattering Ångström exponent suggested the dominance of micro-size aerosols. Seasonal variations of SAE, BAE and the backscatter fraction indicated a larger proportion of isotropic scattering and fine-mode particles in summer and autumn, as well as a dominance of coarse particles in spring and a complicated aerosol type distribution and emission sources in winter. Furthermore, radiative forcing was estimated by a radiative transfer model. Radiative forcing varied between −6.69 and −235.67 Wm-2 (with the average of −54.93 ± 39.92 Wm-2) at the surface, with a mean of 35.56 ± 22.88 Wm-2 in the atmosphere. |
| abstract_unstemmed |
Atmospheric aerosol particles exert significant influence on the earth's radiation budget, and accurate measurement of aerosol optical properties can help reduce the uncertainties in estimating aerosol radiative forcing. Therefore, year-round measurements of aerosol optical properties from August 2016 to July 2017 at an urban site in Beijing were analysed. The results show that the annual mean scattering coefficient (σsp at 550 nm, 131 ± 135 Mm−1) was approximately half of the measurement in Beijing from 2008 to 2009 and from 2005 to 2006, mainly due to the reduction of PM2.5 and scattering aerosols in recent years. Meanwhile, annual mean of σabs (637 nm) and SSA was 14 ± 11 Mm−1 and 0.85 ± 0.06, respectively. Seasonally, σsp during winter was approximately two times higher than in other seasons, while σabs was higher during autumn and winter, which may be attributed to biomass and fossil fuel burning under a shallow and stable boundary layer. Diurnal variation of σsp showed an evening peak and a slight morning peak in spring and summer, as well as a night peak in autumn and winter. σabs in four seasons were basically unimodal, with a morning peak in spring and summer, and a night peak in autumn and winter. In addition, the scattering Ångström exponent and backscattering Ångström exponent suggested the dominance of micro-size aerosols. Seasonal variations of SAE, BAE and the backscatter fraction indicated a larger proportion of isotropic scattering and fine-mode particles in summer and autumn, as well as a dominance of coarse particles in spring and a complicated aerosol type distribution and emission sources in winter. Furthermore, radiative forcing was estimated by a radiative transfer model. Radiative forcing varied between −6.69 and −235.67 Wm-2 (with the average of −54.93 ± 39.92 Wm-2) at the surface, with a mean of 35.56 ± 22.88 Wm-2 in the atmosphere. |
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| title_short |
Aerosol optical characteristics and radiative forcing in urban Beijing |
| url |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2019.05.034 |
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| author2 |
Hu, Bo Du, Chaojie Tang, Liqin Ma, Yongjing Liu, Hui Zou, Jianan Liu, Zirui Wei, Jie Wang, Yuesi |
| author2Str |
Hu, Bo Du, Chaojie Tang, Liqin Ma, Yongjing Liu, Hui Zou, Jianan Liu, Zirui Wei, Jie Wang, Yuesi |
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| doi_str |
10.1016/j.atmosenv.2019.05.034 |
| up_date |
2024-07-06T22:00:24.218Z |
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