Evaluation of the CO2 emissions of an innovative composite precast concrete structure building frame
The type of frame system, materials, and power consumption used for the construction of new buildings cause environmental issues because of the production of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Therefore, a new type of sustainable precast concrete structural system called SMART frame has been introduced...
Ausführliche Beschreibung
Gespeichert in:
| Autor*in: |
Ghayeb, Haider Hamad [verfasserIn] |
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| Format: |
E-Artikel |
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| Sprache: |
Englisch |
| Erschienen: |
2020transfer abstract |
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| Schlagwörter: |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
Enthalten in: Self-assembled 3D hierarchical MnCO - Rajendiran, Rajmohan ELSEVIER, 2020, Amsterdam [u.a.] |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:242 ; year:2020 ; day:1 ; month:01 ; pages:0 |
| Links: |
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| DOI / URN: |
10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.118567 |
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ELV048232270 |
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| 520 | |a The type of frame system, materials, and power consumption used for the construction of new buildings cause environmental issues because of the production of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Therefore, a new type of sustainable precast concrete structural system called SMART frame has been introduced to reduce the CO2 emissions during the construction of buildings. To determine the effectiveness of the CO2 emission reduction based on the new SMART frame, a similar frame configuration based on reinforced concrete (RC) was used. The SMART and RC building frames consisted of 12 storeys with similar floor areas and were designed under similar conditions. The CO2 emissions based on the material resources and construction methods used for the two building models were analysed. Additionally, the power consumption associated with the use of electricity and fuels for the devices and equipment was considered in the analysis of the total CO2 emissions. The total CO2 emissions of the SMART and RC frame buildings in kilograms (kg) per square meter (m2) are 455.94 and 516.12 kg CO2/m2, respectively. Thus, the total amount of CO2 emission reduction achieved in this study is 60.18 kg CO2/m2. In terms of the individual effects of materials and power consumption, the SMART building has a larger contribution, accounting for a 12.42% and 8.12% decrease in the CO2 emissions, respectively, compared with the RC building. Overall, based on the materials and power consumption used during the construction stage of the SMART frame building, the total CO2 emissions decreased by 11.66% compared with the RC building. Therefore, the SMART frame can be adopted as a sustainable frame alternative to the RC frame system. | ||
| 520 | |a The type of frame system, materials, and power consumption used for the construction of new buildings cause environmental issues because of the production of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Therefore, a new type of sustainable precast concrete structural system called SMART frame has been introduced to reduce the CO2 emissions during the construction of buildings. To determine the effectiveness of the CO2 emission reduction based on the new SMART frame, a similar frame configuration based on reinforced concrete (RC) was used. The SMART and RC building frames consisted of 12 storeys with similar floor areas and were designed under similar conditions. The CO2 emissions based on the material resources and construction methods used for the two building models were analysed. Additionally, the power consumption associated with the use of electricity and fuels for the devices and equipment was considered in the analysis of the total CO2 emissions. The total CO2 emissions of the SMART and RC frame buildings in kilograms (kg) per square meter (m2) are 455.94 and 516.12 kg CO2/m2, respectively. Thus, the total amount of CO2 emission reduction achieved in this study is 60.18 kg CO2/m2. In terms of the individual effects of materials and power consumption, the SMART building has a larger contribution, accounting for a 12.42% and 8.12% decrease in the CO2 emissions, respectively, compared with the RC building. Overall, based on the materials and power consumption used during the construction stage of the SMART frame building, the total CO2 emissions decreased by 11.66% compared with the RC building. Therefore, the SMART frame can be adopted as a sustainable frame alternative to the RC frame system. | ||
| 650 | 7 | |a SMART frame |2 Elsevier | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Precast building |2 Elsevier | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Reinforced concrete frame |2 Elsevier | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Composite precast concrete |2 Elsevier | |
| 650 | 7 | |a CO2 emission |2 Elsevier | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Razak, Hashim Abdul |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Sulong, N.H. Ramli |4 oth | |
| 773 | 0 | 8 | |i Enthalten in |n Elsevier Science |a Rajendiran, Rajmohan ELSEVIER |t Self-assembled 3D hierarchical MnCO |d 2020 |g Amsterdam [u.a.] |w (DE-627)ELV003750353 |
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10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.118567 doi /cbs_pica/cbs_olc/import_discovery/elsevier/einzuspielen/GBV00000000001027.pica (DE-627)ELV048232270 (ELSEVIER)S0959-6526(19)33437-7 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 540 VZ 35.18 bkl Ghayeb, Haider Hamad verfasserin aut Evaluation of the CO2 emissions of an innovative composite precast concrete structure building frame 2020transfer abstract nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier The type of frame system, materials, and power consumption used for the construction of new buildings cause environmental issues because of the production of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Therefore, a new type of sustainable precast concrete structural system called SMART frame has been introduced to reduce the CO2 emissions during the construction of buildings. To determine the effectiveness of the CO2 emission reduction based on the new SMART frame, a similar frame configuration based on reinforced concrete (RC) was used. The SMART and RC building frames consisted of 12 storeys with similar floor areas and were designed under similar conditions. The CO2 emissions based on the material resources and construction methods used for the two building models were analysed. Additionally, the power consumption associated with the use of electricity and fuels for the devices and equipment was considered in the analysis of the total CO2 emissions. The total CO2 emissions of the SMART and RC frame buildings in kilograms (kg) per square meter (m2) are 455.94 and 516.12 kg CO2/m2, respectively. Thus, the total amount of CO2 emission reduction achieved in this study is 60.18 kg CO2/m2. In terms of the individual effects of materials and power consumption, the SMART building has a larger contribution, accounting for a 12.42% and 8.12% decrease in the CO2 emissions, respectively, compared with the RC building. Overall, based on the materials and power consumption used during the construction stage of the SMART frame building, the total CO2 emissions decreased by 11.66% compared with the RC building. Therefore, the SMART frame can be adopted as a sustainable frame alternative to the RC frame system. The type of frame system, materials, and power consumption used for the construction of new buildings cause environmental issues because of the production of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Therefore, a new type of sustainable precast concrete structural system called SMART frame has been introduced to reduce the CO2 emissions during the construction of buildings. To determine the effectiveness of the CO2 emission reduction based on the new SMART frame, a similar frame configuration based on reinforced concrete (RC) was used. The SMART and RC building frames consisted of 12 storeys with similar floor areas and were designed under similar conditions. The CO2 emissions based on the material resources and construction methods used for the two building models were analysed. Additionally, the power consumption associated with the use of electricity and fuels for the devices and equipment was considered in the analysis of the total CO2 emissions. The total CO2 emissions of the SMART and RC frame buildings in kilograms (kg) per square meter (m2) are 455.94 and 516.12 kg CO2/m2, respectively. Thus, the total amount of CO2 emission reduction achieved in this study is 60.18 kg CO2/m2. In terms of the individual effects of materials and power consumption, the SMART building has a larger contribution, accounting for a 12.42% and 8.12% decrease in the CO2 emissions, respectively, compared with the RC building. Overall, based on the materials and power consumption used during the construction stage of the SMART frame building, the total CO2 emissions decreased by 11.66% compared with the RC building. Therefore, the SMART frame can be adopted as a sustainable frame alternative to the RC frame system. SMART frame Elsevier Precast building Elsevier Reinforced concrete frame Elsevier Composite precast concrete Elsevier CO2 emission Elsevier Razak, Hashim Abdul oth Sulong, N.H. Ramli oth Enthalten in Elsevier Science Rajendiran, Rajmohan ELSEVIER Self-assembled 3D hierarchical MnCO 2020 Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV003750353 volume:242 year:2020 day:1 month:01 pages:0 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.118567 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U 35.18 Kolloidchemie Grenzflächenchemie VZ AR 242 2020 1 0101 0 |
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10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.118567 doi /cbs_pica/cbs_olc/import_discovery/elsevier/einzuspielen/GBV00000000001027.pica (DE-627)ELV048232270 (ELSEVIER)S0959-6526(19)33437-7 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 540 VZ 35.18 bkl Ghayeb, Haider Hamad verfasserin aut Evaluation of the CO2 emissions of an innovative composite precast concrete structure building frame 2020transfer abstract nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier The type of frame system, materials, and power consumption used for the construction of new buildings cause environmental issues because of the production of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Therefore, a new type of sustainable precast concrete structural system called SMART frame has been introduced to reduce the CO2 emissions during the construction of buildings. To determine the effectiveness of the CO2 emission reduction based on the new SMART frame, a similar frame configuration based on reinforced concrete (RC) was used. The SMART and RC building frames consisted of 12 storeys with similar floor areas and were designed under similar conditions. The CO2 emissions based on the material resources and construction methods used for the two building models were analysed. Additionally, the power consumption associated with the use of electricity and fuels for the devices and equipment was considered in the analysis of the total CO2 emissions. The total CO2 emissions of the SMART and RC frame buildings in kilograms (kg) per square meter (m2) are 455.94 and 516.12 kg CO2/m2, respectively. Thus, the total amount of CO2 emission reduction achieved in this study is 60.18 kg CO2/m2. In terms of the individual effects of materials and power consumption, the SMART building has a larger contribution, accounting for a 12.42% and 8.12% decrease in the CO2 emissions, respectively, compared with the RC building. Overall, based on the materials and power consumption used during the construction stage of the SMART frame building, the total CO2 emissions decreased by 11.66% compared with the RC building. Therefore, the SMART frame can be adopted as a sustainable frame alternative to the RC frame system. The type of frame system, materials, and power consumption used for the construction of new buildings cause environmental issues because of the production of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Therefore, a new type of sustainable precast concrete structural system called SMART frame has been introduced to reduce the CO2 emissions during the construction of buildings. To determine the effectiveness of the CO2 emission reduction based on the new SMART frame, a similar frame configuration based on reinforced concrete (RC) was used. The SMART and RC building frames consisted of 12 storeys with similar floor areas and were designed under similar conditions. The CO2 emissions based on the material resources and construction methods used for the two building models were analysed. Additionally, the power consumption associated with the use of electricity and fuels for the devices and equipment was considered in the analysis of the total CO2 emissions. The total CO2 emissions of the SMART and RC frame buildings in kilograms (kg) per square meter (m2) are 455.94 and 516.12 kg CO2/m2, respectively. Thus, the total amount of CO2 emission reduction achieved in this study is 60.18 kg CO2/m2. In terms of the individual effects of materials and power consumption, the SMART building has a larger contribution, accounting for a 12.42% and 8.12% decrease in the CO2 emissions, respectively, compared with the RC building. Overall, based on the materials and power consumption used during the construction stage of the SMART frame building, the total CO2 emissions decreased by 11.66% compared with the RC building. Therefore, the SMART frame can be adopted as a sustainable frame alternative to the RC frame system. SMART frame Elsevier Precast building Elsevier Reinforced concrete frame Elsevier Composite precast concrete Elsevier CO2 emission Elsevier Razak, Hashim Abdul oth Sulong, N.H. Ramli oth Enthalten in Elsevier Science Rajendiran, Rajmohan ELSEVIER Self-assembled 3D hierarchical MnCO 2020 Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV003750353 volume:242 year:2020 day:1 month:01 pages:0 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.118567 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U 35.18 Kolloidchemie Grenzflächenchemie VZ AR 242 2020 1 0101 0 |
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10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.118567 doi /cbs_pica/cbs_olc/import_discovery/elsevier/einzuspielen/GBV00000000001027.pica (DE-627)ELV048232270 (ELSEVIER)S0959-6526(19)33437-7 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 540 VZ 35.18 bkl Ghayeb, Haider Hamad verfasserin aut Evaluation of the CO2 emissions of an innovative composite precast concrete structure building frame 2020transfer abstract nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier The type of frame system, materials, and power consumption used for the construction of new buildings cause environmental issues because of the production of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Therefore, a new type of sustainable precast concrete structural system called SMART frame has been introduced to reduce the CO2 emissions during the construction of buildings. To determine the effectiveness of the CO2 emission reduction based on the new SMART frame, a similar frame configuration based on reinforced concrete (RC) was used. The SMART and RC building frames consisted of 12 storeys with similar floor areas and were designed under similar conditions. The CO2 emissions based on the material resources and construction methods used for the two building models were analysed. Additionally, the power consumption associated with the use of electricity and fuels for the devices and equipment was considered in the analysis of the total CO2 emissions. The total CO2 emissions of the SMART and RC frame buildings in kilograms (kg) per square meter (m2) are 455.94 and 516.12 kg CO2/m2, respectively. Thus, the total amount of CO2 emission reduction achieved in this study is 60.18 kg CO2/m2. In terms of the individual effects of materials and power consumption, the SMART building has a larger contribution, accounting for a 12.42% and 8.12% decrease in the CO2 emissions, respectively, compared with the RC building. Overall, based on the materials and power consumption used during the construction stage of the SMART frame building, the total CO2 emissions decreased by 11.66% compared with the RC building. Therefore, the SMART frame can be adopted as a sustainable frame alternative to the RC frame system. The type of frame system, materials, and power consumption used for the construction of new buildings cause environmental issues because of the production of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Therefore, a new type of sustainable precast concrete structural system called SMART frame has been introduced to reduce the CO2 emissions during the construction of buildings. To determine the effectiveness of the CO2 emission reduction based on the new SMART frame, a similar frame configuration based on reinforced concrete (RC) was used. The SMART and RC building frames consisted of 12 storeys with similar floor areas and were designed under similar conditions. The CO2 emissions based on the material resources and construction methods used for the two building models were analysed. Additionally, the power consumption associated with the use of electricity and fuels for the devices and equipment was considered in the analysis of the total CO2 emissions. The total CO2 emissions of the SMART and RC frame buildings in kilograms (kg) per square meter (m2) are 455.94 and 516.12 kg CO2/m2, respectively. Thus, the total amount of CO2 emission reduction achieved in this study is 60.18 kg CO2/m2. In terms of the individual effects of materials and power consumption, the SMART building has a larger contribution, accounting for a 12.42% and 8.12% decrease in the CO2 emissions, respectively, compared with the RC building. Overall, based on the materials and power consumption used during the construction stage of the SMART frame building, the total CO2 emissions decreased by 11.66% compared with the RC building. Therefore, the SMART frame can be adopted as a sustainable frame alternative to the RC frame system. SMART frame Elsevier Precast building Elsevier Reinforced concrete frame Elsevier Composite precast concrete Elsevier CO2 emission Elsevier Razak, Hashim Abdul oth Sulong, N.H. Ramli oth Enthalten in Elsevier Science Rajendiran, Rajmohan ELSEVIER Self-assembled 3D hierarchical MnCO 2020 Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV003750353 volume:242 year:2020 day:1 month:01 pages:0 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.118567 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U 35.18 Kolloidchemie Grenzflächenchemie VZ AR 242 2020 1 0101 0 |
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10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.118567 doi /cbs_pica/cbs_olc/import_discovery/elsevier/einzuspielen/GBV00000000001027.pica (DE-627)ELV048232270 (ELSEVIER)S0959-6526(19)33437-7 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 540 VZ 35.18 bkl Ghayeb, Haider Hamad verfasserin aut Evaluation of the CO2 emissions of an innovative composite precast concrete structure building frame 2020transfer abstract nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier The type of frame system, materials, and power consumption used for the construction of new buildings cause environmental issues because of the production of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Therefore, a new type of sustainable precast concrete structural system called SMART frame has been introduced to reduce the CO2 emissions during the construction of buildings. To determine the effectiveness of the CO2 emission reduction based on the new SMART frame, a similar frame configuration based on reinforced concrete (RC) was used. The SMART and RC building frames consisted of 12 storeys with similar floor areas and were designed under similar conditions. The CO2 emissions based on the material resources and construction methods used for the two building models were analysed. Additionally, the power consumption associated with the use of electricity and fuels for the devices and equipment was considered in the analysis of the total CO2 emissions. The total CO2 emissions of the SMART and RC frame buildings in kilograms (kg) per square meter (m2) are 455.94 and 516.12 kg CO2/m2, respectively. Thus, the total amount of CO2 emission reduction achieved in this study is 60.18 kg CO2/m2. In terms of the individual effects of materials and power consumption, the SMART building has a larger contribution, accounting for a 12.42% and 8.12% decrease in the CO2 emissions, respectively, compared with the RC building. Overall, based on the materials and power consumption used during the construction stage of the SMART frame building, the total CO2 emissions decreased by 11.66% compared with the RC building. Therefore, the SMART frame can be adopted as a sustainable frame alternative to the RC frame system. The type of frame system, materials, and power consumption used for the construction of new buildings cause environmental issues because of the production of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Therefore, a new type of sustainable precast concrete structural system called SMART frame has been introduced to reduce the CO2 emissions during the construction of buildings. To determine the effectiveness of the CO2 emission reduction based on the new SMART frame, a similar frame configuration based on reinforced concrete (RC) was used. The SMART and RC building frames consisted of 12 storeys with similar floor areas and were designed under similar conditions. The CO2 emissions based on the material resources and construction methods used for the two building models were analysed. Additionally, the power consumption associated with the use of electricity and fuels for the devices and equipment was considered in the analysis of the total CO2 emissions. The total CO2 emissions of the SMART and RC frame buildings in kilograms (kg) per square meter (m2) are 455.94 and 516.12 kg CO2/m2, respectively. Thus, the total amount of CO2 emission reduction achieved in this study is 60.18 kg CO2/m2. In terms of the individual effects of materials and power consumption, the SMART building has a larger contribution, accounting for a 12.42% and 8.12% decrease in the CO2 emissions, respectively, compared with the RC building. Overall, based on the materials and power consumption used during the construction stage of the SMART frame building, the total CO2 emissions decreased by 11.66% compared with the RC building. Therefore, the SMART frame can be adopted as a sustainable frame alternative to the RC frame system. SMART frame Elsevier Precast building Elsevier Reinforced concrete frame Elsevier Composite precast concrete Elsevier CO2 emission Elsevier Razak, Hashim Abdul oth Sulong, N.H. Ramli oth Enthalten in Elsevier Science Rajendiran, Rajmohan ELSEVIER Self-assembled 3D hierarchical MnCO 2020 Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV003750353 volume:242 year:2020 day:1 month:01 pages:0 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.118567 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U 35.18 Kolloidchemie Grenzflächenchemie VZ AR 242 2020 1 0101 0 |
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10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.118567 doi /cbs_pica/cbs_olc/import_discovery/elsevier/einzuspielen/GBV00000000001027.pica (DE-627)ELV048232270 (ELSEVIER)S0959-6526(19)33437-7 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 540 VZ 35.18 bkl Ghayeb, Haider Hamad verfasserin aut Evaluation of the CO2 emissions of an innovative composite precast concrete structure building frame 2020transfer abstract nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier The type of frame system, materials, and power consumption used for the construction of new buildings cause environmental issues because of the production of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Therefore, a new type of sustainable precast concrete structural system called SMART frame has been introduced to reduce the CO2 emissions during the construction of buildings. To determine the effectiveness of the CO2 emission reduction based on the new SMART frame, a similar frame configuration based on reinforced concrete (RC) was used. The SMART and RC building frames consisted of 12 storeys with similar floor areas and were designed under similar conditions. The CO2 emissions based on the material resources and construction methods used for the two building models were analysed. Additionally, the power consumption associated with the use of electricity and fuels for the devices and equipment was considered in the analysis of the total CO2 emissions. The total CO2 emissions of the SMART and RC frame buildings in kilograms (kg) per square meter (m2) are 455.94 and 516.12 kg CO2/m2, respectively. Thus, the total amount of CO2 emission reduction achieved in this study is 60.18 kg CO2/m2. In terms of the individual effects of materials and power consumption, the SMART building has a larger contribution, accounting for a 12.42% and 8.12% decrease in the CO2 emissions, respectively, compared with the RC building. Overall, based on the materials and power consumption used during the construction stage of the SMART frame building, the total CO2 emissions decreased by 11.66% compared with the RC building. Therefore, the SMART frame can be adopted as a sustainable frame alternative to the RC frame system. The type of frame system, materials, and power consumption used for the construction of new buildings cause environmental issues because of the production of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Therefore, a new type of sustainable precast concrete structural system called SMART frame has been introduced to reduce the CO2 emissions during the construction of buildings. To determine the effectiveness of the CO2 emission reduction based on the new SMART frame, a similar frame configuration based on reinforced concrete (RC) was used. The SMART and RC building frames consisted of 12 storeys with similar floor areas and were designed under similar conditions. The CO2 emissions based on the material resources and construction methods used for the two building models were analysed. Additionally, the power consumption associated with the use of electricity and fuels for the devices and equipment was considered in the analysis of the total CO2 emissions. The total CO2 emissions of the SMART and RC frame buildings in kilograms (kg) per square meter (m2) are 455.94 and 516.12 kg CO2/m2, respectively. Thus, the total amount of CO2 emission reduction achieved in this study is 60.18 kg CO2/m2. In terms of the individual effects of materials and power consumption, the SMART building has a larger contribution, accounting for a 12.42% and 8.12% decrease in the CO2 emissions, respectively, compared with the RC building. Overall, based on the materials and power consumption used during the construction stage of the SMART frame building, the total CO2 emissions decreased by 11.66% compared with the RC building. Therefore, the SMART frame can be adopted as a sustainable frame alternative to the RC frame system. SMART frame Elsevier Precast building Elsevier Reinforced concrete frame Elsevier Composite precast concrete Elsevier CO2 emission Elsevier Razak, Hashim Abdul oth Sulong, N.H. Ramli oth Enthalten in Elsevier Science Rajendiran, Rajmohan ELSEVIER Self-assembled 3D hierarchical MnCO 2020 Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV003750353 volume:242 year:2020 day:1 month:01 pages:0 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.118567 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U 35.18 Kolloidchemie Grenzflächenchemie VZ AR 242 2020 1 0101 0 |
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Evaluation of the CO2 emissions of an innovative composite precast concrete structure building frame |
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The type of frame system, materials, and power consumption used for the construction of new buildings cause environmental issues because of the production of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Therefore, a new type of sustainable precast concrete structural system called SMART frame has been introduced to reduce the CO2 emissions during the construction of buildings. To determine the effectiveness of the CO2 emission reduction based on the new SMART frame, a similar frame configuration based on reinforced concrete (RC) was used. The SMART and RC building frames consisted of 12 storeys with similar floor areas and were designed under similar conditions. The CO2 emissions based on the material resources and construction methods used for the two building models were analysed. Additionally, the power consumption associated with the use of electricity and fuels for the devices and equipment was considered in the analysis of the total CO2 emissions. The total CO2 emissions of the SMART and RC frame buildings in kilograms (kg) per square meter (m2) are 455.94 and 516.12 kg CO2/m2, respectively. Thus, the total amount of CO2 emission reduction achieved in this study is 60.18 kg CO2/m2. In terms of the individual effects of materials and power consumption, the SMART building has a larger contribution, accounting for a 12.42% and 8.12% decrease in the CO2 emissions, respectively, compared with the RC building. Overall, based on the materials and power consumption used during the construction stage of the SMART frame building, the total CO2 emissions decreased by 11.66% compared with the RC building. Therefore, the SMART frame can be adopted as a sustainable frame alternative to the RC frame system. |
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The type of frame system, materials, and power consumption used for the construction of new buildings cause environmental issues because of the production of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Therefore, a new type of sustainable precast concrete structural system called SMART frame has been introduced to reduce the CO2 emissions during the construction of buildings. To determine the effectiveness of the CO2 emission reduction based on the new SMART frame, a similar frame configuration based on reinforced concrete (RC) was used. The SMART and RC building frames consisted of 12 storeys with similar floor areas and were designed under similar conditions. The CO2 emissions based on the material resources and construction methods used for the two building models were analysed. Additionally, the power consumption associated with the use of electricity and fuels for the devices and equipment was considered in the analysis of the total CO2 emissions. The total CO2 emissions of the SMART and RC frame buildings in kilograms (kg) per square meter (m2) are 455.94 and 516.12 kg CO2/m2, respectively. Thus, the total amount of CO2 emission reduction achieved in this study is 60.18 kg CO2/m2. In terms of the individual effects of materials and power consumption, the SMART building has a larger contribution, accounting for a 12.42% and 8.12% decrease in the CO2 emissions, respectively, compared with the RC building. Overall, based on the materials and power consumption used during the construction stage of the SMART frame building, the total CO2 emissions decreased by 11.66% compared with the RC building. Therefore, the SMART frame can be adopted as a sustainable frame alternative to the RC frame system. |
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The type of frame system, materials, and power consumption used for the construction of new buildings cause environmental issues because of the production of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. Therefore, a new type of sustainable precast concrete structural system called SMART frame has been introduced to reduce the CO2 emissions during the construction of buildings. To determine the effectiveness of the CO2 emission reduction based on the new SMART frame, a similar frame configuration based on reinforced concrete (RC) was used. The SMART and RC building frames consisted of 12 storeys with similar floor areas and were designed under similar conditions. The CO2 emissions based on the material resources and construction methods used for the two building models were analysed. Additionally, the power consumption associated with the use of electricity and fuels for the devices and equipment was considered in the analysis of the total CO2 emissions. The total CO2 emissions of the SMART and RC frame buildings in kilograms (kg) per square meter (m2) are 455.94 and 516.12 kg CO2/m2, respectively. Thus, the total amount of CO2 emission reduction achieved in this study is 60.18 kg CO2/m2. In terms of the individual effects of materials and power consumption, the SMART building has a larger contribution, accounting for a 12.42% and 8.12% decrease in the CO2 emissions, respectively, compared with the RC building. Overall, based on the materials and power consumption used during the construction stage of the SMART frame building, the total CO2 emissions decreased by 11.66% compared with the RC building. Therefore, the SMART frame can be adopted as a sustainable frame alternative to the RC frame system. |
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