Effect of Ca:Mg ratio and high ammoniacal nitrogen on characteristics of struvite precipitated from waste activated sludge digester effluent
This study revealed the relationship between the presence of calcium impurities and ammoniacal nitrogen concentration upon crystallization of struvite. The research hypothesis was that the presence of both calcium and high concentrations of ammoniacal nitrogen (328–1000 mg/L) in waste activated slud...
Ausführliche Beschreibung
Gespeichert in:
| Autor*in: |
Moragaspitiya, Chathurani [verfasserIn] |
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| Format: |
E-Artikel |
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| Sprache: |
Englisch |
| Erschienen: |
2019transfer abstract |
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| Umfang: |
13 |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
Enthalten in: The development of a computational platform to design and simulate on-board hydrogen storage systems - Mazzucco, Andrea ELSEVIER, 2017transfer abstract, [Amsterdam] |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:86 ; year:2019 ; pages:65-77 ; extent:13 |
| Links: |
|---|
| DOI / URN: |
10.1016/j.jes.2019.04.023 |
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ELV048639362 |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Effect of Ca:Mg ratio and high ammoniacal nitrogen on characteristics of struvite precipitated from waste activated sludge digester effluent |
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| 520 | |a This study revealed the relationship between the presence of calcium impurities and ammoniacal nitrogen concentration upon crystallization of struvite. The research hypothesis was that the presence of both calcium and high concentrations of ammoniacal nitrogen (328–1000 mg/L) in waste activated sludge may influence the struvite quality and acid stability. Hence, we studied the impact of Ca:Mg ratio upon morphology, particle size, purity and dissolution of struvite, in the presence of varying levels of excess ammoniacal nitrogen. X-ray diffraction revealed that up to 31.4% amorphous material was made which was assigned to hydroxyapatite. Increasing the ammoniacal nitrogen concentration and elevation of the Mg:Ca ratio maximized the presence of struvite. Struvite particle size was also increased by ammoniacal nitrogen as was twinning of the crystals. Tests with dilute solutions of organic acid revealed the sensitivity of struvite dissolution to the physical characteristics of the struvite. Smaller particles (21.2 μm) dissolved at higher rates than larger particles (35.86 μm). However, struvite dissolved rapidly as the pH was further reduced irrespective of the physical characteristics. Therefore, addition of struvite to low pH soils was not viewed as beneficial in terms of controlled nutrient release. Overall, this study revealed that waste activated sludge effluent with high ammoniacal nitrogen was prospective for synthesis of high quality struvite material. | ||
| 520 | |a This study revealed the relationship between the presence of calcium impurities and ammoniacal nitrogen concentration upon crystallization of struvite. The research hypothesis was that the presence of both calcium and high concentrations of ammoniacal nitrogen (328–1000 mg/L) in waste activated sludge may influence the struvite quality and acid stability. Hence, we studied the impact of Ca:Mg ratio upon morphology, particle size, purity and dissolution of struvite, in the presence of varying levels of excess ammoniacal nitrogen. X-ray diffraction revealed that up to 31.4% amorphous material was made which was assigned to hydroxyapatite. Increasing the ammoniacal nitrogen concentration and elevation of the Mg:Ca ratio maximized the presence of struvite. Struvite particle size was also increased by ammoniacal nitrogen as was twinning of the crystals. Tests with dilute solutions of organic acid revealed the sensitivity of struvite dissolution to the physical characteristics of the struvite. Smaller particles (21.2 μm) dissolved at higher rates than larger particles (35.86 μm). However, struvite dissolved rapidly as the pH was further reduced irrespective of the physical characteristics. Therefore, addition of struvite to low pH soils was not viewed as beneficial in terms of controlled nutrient release. Overall, this study revealed that waste activated sludge effluent with high ammoniacal nitrogen was prospective for synthesis of high quality struvite material. | ||
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10.1016/j.jes.2019.04.023 doi /cbs_pica/cbs_olc/import_discovery/elsevier/einzuspielen/GBV00000000000825.pica (DE-627)ELV048639362 (ELSEVIER)S1001-0742(19)30459-0 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 660 VZ 620 VZ 610 VZ 44.94 bkl Moragaspitiya, Chathurani verfasserin aut Effect of Ca:Mg ratio and high ammoniacal nitrogen on characteristics of struvite precipitated from waste activated sludge digester effluent 2019transfer abstract 13 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier This study revealed the relationship between the presence of calcium impurities and ammoniacal nitrogen concentration upon crystallization of struvite. The research hypothesis was that the presence of both calcium and high concentrations of ammoniacal nitrogen (328–1000 mg/L) in waste activated sludge may influence the struvite quality and acid stability. Hence, we studied the impact of Ca:Mg ratio upon morphology, particle size, purity and dissolution of struvite, in the presence of varying levels of excess ammoniacal nitrogen. X-ray diffraction revealed that up to 31.4% amorphous material was made which was assigned to hydroxyapatite. Increasing the ammoniacal nitrogen concentration and elevation of the Mg:Ca ratio maximized the presence of struvite. Struvite particle size was also increased by ammoniacal nitrogen as was twinning of the crystals. Tests with dilute solutions of organic acid revealed the sensitivity of struvite dissolution to the physical characteristics of the struvite. Smaller particles (21.2 μm) dissolved at higher rates than larger particles (35.86 μm). However, struvite dissolved rapidly as the pH was further reduced irrespective of the physical characteristics. Therefore, addition of struvite to low pH soils was not viewed as beneficial in terms of controlled nutrient release. Overall, this study revealed that waste activated sludge effluent with high ammoniacal nitrogen was prospective for synthesis of high quality struvite material. This study revealed the relationship between the presence of calcium impurities and ammoniacal nitrogen concentration upon crystallization of struvite. The research hypothesis was that the presence of both calcium and high concentrations of ammoniacal nitrogen (328–1000 mg/L) in waste activated sludge may influence the struvite quality and acid stability. Hence, we studied the impact of Ca:Mg ratio upon morphology, particle size, purity and dissolution of struvite, in the presence of varying levels of excess ammoniacal nitrogen. X-ray diffraction revealed that up to 31.4% amorphous material was made which was assigned to hydroxyapatite. Increasing the ammoniacal nitrogen concentration and elevation of the Mg:Ca ratio maximized the presence of struvite. Struvite particle size was also increased by ammoniacal nitrogen as was twinning of the crystals. Tests with dilute solutions of organic acid revealed the sensitivity of struvite dissolution to the physical characteristics of the struvite. Smaller particles (21.2 μm) dissolved at higher rates than larger particles (35.86 μm). However, struvite dissolved rapidly as the pH was further reduced irrespective of the physical characteristics. Therefore, addition of struvite to low pH soils was not viewed as beneficial in terms of controlled nutrient release. Overall, this study revealed that waste activated sludge effluent with high ammoniacal nitrogen was prospective for synthesis of high quality struvite material. Rajapakse, Jay oth Millar, Graeme J. oth Enthalten in Elsevier Mazzucco, Andrea ELSEVIER The development of a computational platform to design and simulate on-board hydrogen storage systems 2017transfer abstract [Amsterdam] (DE-627)ELV015065863 volume:86 year:2019 pages:65-77 extent:13 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2019.04.023 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_252 44.94 Hals-Nasen-Ohrenheilkunde VZ AR 86 2019 65-77 13 |
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10.1016/j.jes.2019.04.023 doi /cbs_pica/cbs_olc/import_discovery/elsevier/einzuspielen/GBV00000000000825.pica (DE-627)ELV048639362 (ELSEVIER)S1001-0742(19)30459-0 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 660 VZ 620 VZ 610 VZ 44.94 bkl Moragaspitiya, Chathurani verfasserin aut Effect of Ca:Mg ratio and high ammoniacal nitrogen on characteristics of struvite precipitated from waste activated sludge digester effluent 2019transfer abstract 13 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier This study revealed the relationship between the presence of calcium impurities and ammoniacal nitrogen concentration upon crystallization of struvite. The research hypothesis was that the presence of both calcium and high concentrations of ammoniacal nitrogen (328–1000 mg/L) in waste activated sludge may influence the struvite quality and acid stability. Hence, we studied the impact of Ca:Mg ratio upon morphology, particle size, purity and dissolution of struvite, in the presence of varying levels of excess ammoniacal nitrogen. X-ray diffraction revealed that up to 31.4% amorphous material was made which was assigned to hydroxyapatite. Increasing the ammoniacal nitrogen concentration and elevation of the Mg:Ca ratio maximized the presence of struvite. Struvite particle size was also increased by ammoniacal nitrogen as was twinning of the crystals. Tests with dilute solutions of organic acid revealed the sensitivity of struvite dissolution to the physical characteristics of the struvite. Smaller particles (21.2 μm) dissolved at higher rates than larger particles (35.86 μm). However, struvite dissolved rapidly as the pH was further reduced irrespective of the physical characteristics. Therefore, addition of struvite to low pH soils was not viewed as beneficial in terms of controlled nutrient release. Overall, this study revealed that waste activated sludge effluent with high ammoniacal nitrogen was prospective for synthesis of high quality struvite material. This study revealed the relationship between the presence of calcium impurities and ammoniacal nitrogen concentration upon crystallization of struvite. The research hypothesis was that the presence of both calcium and high concentrations of ammoniacal nitrogen (328–1000 mg/L) in waste activated sludge may influence the struvite quality and acid stability. Hence, we studied the impact of Ca:Mg ratio upon morphology, particle size, purity and dissolution of struvite, in the presence of varying levels of excess ammoniacal nitrogen. X-ray diffraction revealed that up to 31.4% amorphous material was made which was assigned to hydroxyapatite. Increasing the ammoniacal nitrogen concentration and elevation of the Mg:Ca ratio maximized the presence of struvite. Struvite particle size was also increased by ammoniacal nitrogen as was twinning of the crystals. Tests with dilute solutions of organic acid revealed the sensitivity of struvite dissolution to the physical characteristics of the struvite. Smaller particles (21.2 μm) dissolved at higher rates than larger particles (35.86 μm). However, struvite dissolved rapidly as the pH was further reduced irrespective of the physical characteristics. Therefore, addition of struvite to low pH soils was not viewed as beneficial in terms of controlled nutrient release. Overall, this study revealed that waste activated sludge effluent with high ammoniacal nitrogen was prospective for synthesis of high quality struvite material. Rajapakse, Jay oth Millar, Graeme J. oth Enthalten in Elsevier Mazzucco, Andrea ELSEVIER The development of a computational platform to design and simulate on-board hydrogen storage systems 2017transfer abstract [Amsterdam] (DE-627)ELV015065863 volume:86 year:2019 pages:65-77 extent:13 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2019.04.023 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_252 44.94 Hals-Nasen-Ohrenheilkunde VZ AR 86 2019 65-77 13 |
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10.1016/j.jes.2019.04.023 doi /cbs_pica/cbs_olc/import_discovery/elsevier/einzuspielen/GBV00000000000825.pica (DE-627)ELV048639362 (ELSEVIER)S1001-0742(19)30459-0 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 660 VZ 620 VZ 610 VZ 44.94 bkl Moragaspitiya, Chathurani verfasserin aut Effect of Ca:Mg ratio and high ammoniacal nitrogen on characteristics of struvite precipitated from waste activated sludge digester effluent 2019transfer abstract 13 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier This study revealed the relationship between the presence of calcium impurities and ammoniacal nitrogen concentration upon crystallization of struvite. The research hypothesis was that the presence of both calcium and high concentrations of ammoniacal nitrogen (328–1000 mg/L) in waste activated sludge may influence the struvite quality and acid stability. Hence, we studied the impact of Ca:Mg ratio upon morphology, particle size, purity and dissolution of struvite, in the presence of varying levels of excess ammoniacal nitrogen. X-ray diffraction revealed that up to 31.4% amorphous material was made which was assigned to hydroxyapatite. Increasing the ammoniacal nitrogen concentration and elevation of the Mg:Ca ratio maximized the presence of struvite. Struvite particle size was also increased by ammoniacal nitrogen as was twinning of the crystals. Tests with dilute solutions of organic acid revealed the sensitivity of struvite dissolution to the physical characteristics of the struvite. Smaller particles (21.2 μm) dissolved at higher rates than larger particles (35.86 μm). However, struvite dissolved rapidly as the pH was further reduced irrespective of the physical characteristics. Therefore, addition of struvite to low pH soils was not viewed as beneficial in terms of controlled nutrient release. Overall, this study revealed that waste activated sludge effluent with high ammoniacal nitrogen was prospective for synthesis of high quality struvite material. This study revealed the relationship between the presence of calcium impurities and ammoniacal nitrogen concentration upon crystallization of struvite. The research hypothesis was that the presence of both calcium and high concentrations of ammoniacal nitrogen (328–1000 mg/L) in waste activated sludge may influence the struvite quality and acid stability. Hence, we studied the impact of Ca:Mg ratio upon morphology, particle size, purity and dissolution of struvite, in the presence of varying levels of excess ammoniacal nitrogen. X-ray diffraction revealed that up to 31.4% amorphous material was made which was assigned to hydroxyapatite. Increasing the ammoniacal nitrogen concentration and elevation of the Mg:Ca ratio maximized the presence of struvite. Struvite particle size was also increased by ammoniacal nitrogen as was twinning of the crystals. Tests with dilute solutions of organic acid revealed the sensitivity of struvite dissolution to the physical characteristics of the struvite. Smaller particles (21.2 μm) dissolved at higher rates than larger particles (35.86 μm). However, struvite dissolved rapidly as the pH was further reduced irrespective of the physical characteristics. Therefore, addition of struvite to low pH soils was not viewed as beneficial in terms of controlled nutrient release. Overall, this study revealed that waste activated sludge effluent with high ammoniacal nitrogen was prospective for synthesis of high quality struvite material. Rajapakse, Jay oth Millar, Graeme J. oth Enthalten in Elsevier Mazzucco, Andrea ELSEVIER The development of a computational platform to design and simulate on-board hydrogen storage systems 2017transfer abstract [Amsterdam] (DE-627)ELV015065863 volume:86 year:2019 pages:65-77 extent:13 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2019.04.023 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_252 44.94 Hals-Nasen-Ohrenheilkunde VZ AR 86 2019 65-77 13 |
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10.1016/j.jes.2019.04.023 doi /cbs_pica/cbs_olc/import_discovery/elsevier/einzuspielen/GBV00000000000825.pica (DE-627)ELV048639362 (ELSEVIER)S1001-0742(19)30459-0 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 660 VZ 620 VZ 610 VZ 44.94 bkl Moragaspitiya, Chathurani verfasserin aut Effect of Ca:Mg ratio and high ammoniacal nitrogen on characteristics of struvite precipitated from waste activated sludge digester effluent 2019transfer abstract 13 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier This study revealed the relationship between the presence of calcium impurities and ammoniacal nitrogen concentration upon crystallization of struvite. The research hypothesis was that the presence of both calcium and high concentrations of ammoniacal nitrogen (328–1000 mg/L) in waste activated sludge may influence the struvite quality and acid stability. Hence, we studied the impact of Ca:Mg ratio upon morphology, particle size, purity and dissolution of struvite, in the presence of varying levels of excess ammoniacal nitrogen. X-ray diffraction revealed that up to 31.4% amorphous material was made which was assigned to hydroxyapatite. Increasing the ammoniacal nitrogen concentration and elevation of the Mg:Ca ratio maximized the presence of struvite. Struvite particle size was also increased by ammoniacal nitrogen as was twinning of the crystals. Tests with dilute solutions of organic acid revealed the sensitivity of struvite dissolution to the physical characteristics of the struvite. Smaller particles (21.2 μm) dissolved at higher rates than larger particles (35.86 μm). However, struvite dissolved rapidly as the pH was further reduced irrespective of the physical characteristics. Therefore, addition of struvite to low pH soils was not viewed as beneficial in terms of controlled nutrient release. Overall, this study revealed that waste activated sludge effluent with high ammoniacal nitrogen was prospective for synthesis of high quality struvite material. This study revealed the relationship between the presence of calcium impurities and ammoniacal nitrogen concentration upon crystallization of struvite. The research hypothesis was that the presence of both calcium and high concentrations of ammoniacal nitrogen (328–1000 mg/L) in waste activated sludge may influence the struvite quality and acid stability. Hence, we studied the impact of Ca:Mg ratio upon morphology, particle size, purity and dissolution of struvite, in the presence of varying levels of excess ammoniacal nitrogen. X-ray diffraction revealed that up to 31.4% amorphous material was made which was assigned to hydroxyapatite. Increasing the ammoniacal nitrogen concentration and elevation of the Mg:Ca ratio maximized the presence of struvite. Struvite particle size was also increased by ammoniacal nitrogen as was twinning of the crystals. Tests with dilute solutions of organic acid revealed the sensitivity of struvite dissolution to the physical characteristics of the struvite. Smaller particles (21.2 μm) dissolved at higher rates than larger particles (35.86 μm). However, struvite dissolved rapidly as the pH was further reduced irrespective of the physical characteristics. Therefore, addition of struvite to low pH soils was not viewed as beneficial in terms of controlled nutrient release. Overall, this study revealed that waste activated sludge effluent with high ammoniacal nitrogen was prospective for synthesis of high quality struvite material. Rajapakse, Jay oth Millar, Graeme J. oth Enthalten in Elsevier Mazzucco, Andrea ELSEVIER The development of a computational platform to design and simulate on-board hydrogen storage systems 2017transfer abstract [Amsterdam] (DE-627)ELV015065863 volume:86 year:2019 pages:65-77 extent:13 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2019.04.023 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_252 44.94 Hals-Nasen-Ohrenheilkunde VZ AR 86 2019 65-77 13 |
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10.1016/j.jes.2019.04.023 doi /cbs_pica/cbs_olc/import_discovery/elsevier/einzuspielen/GBV00000000000825.pica (DE-627)ELV048639362 (ELSEVIER)S1001-0742(19)30459-0 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 660 VZ 620 VZ 610 VZ 44.94 bkl Moragaspitiya, Chathurani verfasserin aut Effect of Ca:Mg ratio and high ammoniacal nitrogen on characteristics of struvite precipitated from waste activated sludge digester effluent 2019transfer abstract 13 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier This study revealed the relationship between the presence of calcium impurities and ammoniacal nitrogen concentration upon crystallization of struvite. The research hypothesis was that the presence of both calcium and high concentrations of ammoniacal nitrogen (328–1000 mg/L) in waste activated sludge may influence the struvite quality and acid stability. Hence, we studied the impact of Ca:Mg ratio upon morphology, particle size, purity and dissolution of struvite, in the presence of varying levels of excess ammoniacal nitrogen. X-ray diffraction revealed that up to 31.4% amorphous material was made which was assigned to hydroxyapatite. Increasing the ammoniacal nitrogen concentration and elevation of the Mg:Ca ratio maximized the presence of struvite. Struvite particle size was also increased by ammoniacal nitrogen as was twinning of the crystals. Tests with dilute solutions of organic acid revealed the sensitivity of struvite dissolution to the physical characteristics of the struvite. Smaller particles (21.2 μm) dissolved at higher rates than larger particles (35.86 μm). However, struvite dissolved rapidly as the pH was further reduced irrespective of the physical characteristics. Therefore, addition of struvite to low pH soils was not viewed as beneficial in terms of controlled nutrient release. Overall, this study revealed that waste activated sludge effluent with high ammoniacal nitrogen was prospective for synthesis of high quality struvite material. This study revealed the relationship between the presence of calcium impurities and ammoniacal nitrogen concentration upon crystallization of struvite. The research hypothesis was that the presence of both calcium and high concentrations of ammoniacal nitrogen (328–1000 mg/L) in waste activated sludge may influence the struvite quality and acid stability. Hence, we studied the impact of Ca:Mg ratio upon morphology, particle size, purity and dissolution of struvite, in the presence of varying levels of excess ammoniacal nitrogen. X-ray diffraction revealed that up to 31.4% amorphous material was made which was assigned to hydroxyapatite. Increasing the ammoniacal nitrogen concentration and elevation of the Mg:Ca ratio maximized the presence of struvite. Struvite particle size was also increased by ammoniacal nitrogen as was twinning of the crystals. Tests with dilute solutions of organic acid revealed the sensitivity of struvite dissolution to the physical characteristics of the struvite. Smaller particles (21.2 μm) dissolved at higher rates than larger particles (35.86 μm). However, struvite dissolved rapidly as the pH was further reduced irrespective of the physical characteristics. Therefore, addition of struvite to low pH soils was not viewed as beneficial in terms of controlled nutrient release. Overall, this study revealed that waste activated sludge effluent with high ammoniacal nitrogen was prospective for synthesis of high quality struvite material. Rajapakse, Jay oth Millar, Graeme J. oth Enthalten in Elsevier Mazzucco, Andrea ELSEVIER The development of a computational platform to design and simulate on-board hydrogen storage systems 2017transfer abstract [Amsterdam] (DE-627)ELV015065863 volume:86 year:2019 pages:65-77 extent:13 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jes.2019.04.023 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_252 44.94 Hals-Nasen-Ohrenheilkunde VZ AR 86 2019 65-77 13 |
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effect of ca:mg ratio and high ammoniacal nitrogen on characteristics of struvite precipitated from waste activated sludge digester effluent |
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Effect of Ca:Mg ratio and high ammoniacal nitrogen on characteristics of struvite precipitated from waste activated sludge digester effluent |
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This study revealed the relationship between the presence of calcium impurities and ammoniacal nitrogen concentration upon crystallization of struvite. The research hypothesis was that the presence of both calcium and high concentrations of ammoniacal nitrogen (328–1000 mg/L) in waste activated sludge may influence the struvite quality and acid stability. Hence, we studied the impact of Ca:Mg ratio upon morphology, particle size, purity and dissolution of struvite, in the presence of varying levels of excess ammoniacal nitrogen. X-ray diffraction revealed that up to 31.4% amorphous material was made which was assigned to hydroxyapatite. Increasing the ammoniacal nitrogen concentration and elevation of the Mg:Ca ratio maximized the presence of struvite. Struvite particle size was also increased by ammoniacal nitrogen as was twinning of the crystals. Tests with dilute solutions of organic acid revealed the sensitivity of struvite dissolution to the physical characteristics of the struvite. Smaller particles (21.2 μm) dissolved at higher rates than larger particles (35.86 μm). However, struvite dissolved rapidly as the pH was further reduced irrespective of the physical characteristics. Therefore, addition of struvite to low pH soils was not viewed as beneficial in terms of controlled nutrient release. Overall, this study revealed that waste activated sludge effluent with high ammoniacal nitrogen was prospective for synthesis of high quality struvite material. |
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This study revealed the relationship between the presence of calcium impurities and ammoniacal nitrogen concentration upon crystallization of struvite. The research hypothesis was that the presence of both calcium and high concentrations of ammoniacal nitrogen (328–1000 mg/L) in waste activated sludge may influence the struvite quality and acid stability. Hence, we studied the impact of Ca:Mg ratio upon morphology, particle size, purity and dissolution of struvite, in the presence of varying levels of excess ammoniacal nitrogen. X-ray diffraction revealed that up to 31.4% amorphous material was made which was assigned to hydroxyapatite. Increasing the ammoniacal nitrogen concentration and elevation of the Mg:Ca ratio maximized the presence of struvite. Struvite particle size was also increased by ammoniacal nitrogen as was twinning of the crystals. Tests with dilute solutions of organic acid revealed the sensitivity of struvite dissolution to the physical characteristics of the struvite. Smaller particles (21.2 μm) dissolved at higher rates than larger particles (35.86 μm). However, struvite dissolved rapidly as the pH was further reduced irrespective of the physical characteristics. Therefore, addition of struvite to low pH soils was not viewed as beneficial in terms of controlled nutrient release. Overall, this study revealed that waste activated sludge effluent with high ammoniacal nitrogen was prospective for synthesis of high quality struvite material. |
| abstract_unstemmed |
This study revealed the relationship between the presence of calcium impurities and ammoniacal nitrogen concentration upon crystallization of struvite. The research hypothesis was that the presence of both calcium and high concentrations of ammoniacal nitrogen (328–1000 mg/L) in waste activated sludge may influence the struvite quality and acid stability. Hence, we studied the impact of Ca:Mg ratio upon morphology, particle size, purity and dissolution of struvite, in the presence of varying levels of excess ammoniacal nitrogen. X-ray diffraction revealed that up to 31.4% amorphous material was made which was assigned to hydroxyapatite. Increasing the ammoniacal nitrogen concentration and elevation of the Mg:Ca ratio maximized the presence of struvite. Struvite particle size was also increased by ammoniacal nitrogen as was twinning of the crystals. Tests with dilute solutions of organic acid revealed the sensitivity of struvite dissolution to the physical characteristics of the struvite. Smaller particles (21.2 μm) dissolved at higher rates than larger particles (35.86 μm). However, struvite dissolved rapidly as the pH was further reduced irrespective of the physical characteristics. Therefore, addition of struvite to low pH soils was not viewed as beneficial in terms of controlled nutrient release. Overall, this study revealed that waste activated sludge effluent with high ammoniacal nitrogen was prospective for synthesis of high quality struvite material. |
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Effect of Ca:Mg ratio and high ammoniacal nitrogen on characteristics of struvite precipitated from waste activated sludge digester effluent |
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