Reduced in vivo visual cortex GABA in schizophrenia, a replication in a recent onset sample
The GABA deficit hypothesis remains one of the most compelling explanations for the information processing impairments in schizophrenia. However, much of the supportive evidence has been derived from post-mortem studies, whereas in vivo studies have largely yielded inconsistent results. We undertook...
Ausführliche Beschreibung
Gespeichert in:
| Autor*in: |
Yoon, Jong H. [verfasserIn] |
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| Format: |
E-Artikel |
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| Sprache: |
Englisch |
| Erschienen: |
2020transfer abstract |
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| Schlagwörter: |
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| Umfang: |
6 |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
Enthalten in: Idiopathic Environmental Intolerance: A Treatment Model - Van den Bergh, Omer ELSEVIER, 2021, an international multidisciplinary journal, Amsterdam [u.a.] |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:215 ; year:2020 ; pages:217-222 ; extent:6 |
| Links: |
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| DOI / URN: |
10.1016/j.schres.2019.10.025 |
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| 520 | |a The GABA deficit hypothesis remains one of the most compelling explanations for the information processing impairments in schizophrenia. However, much of the supportive evidence has been derived from post-mortem studies, whereas in vivo studies have largely yielded inconsistent results. We undertook this single voxel proton magnetic resonance (MRS) GABA study to test in a sample of recent onset patients the replicability of our prior finding of reduced early visual cortex GABA in schizophrenia. We also examined the possibility that antipsychotics could represent a significant confound by studying a small subsample of antipsychotic naïve subjects. 23 adults with recent onset schizophrenia and a demographically matched sample of 31 healthy control subjects underwent MRS using a MEGA PRESS sequence on a 3T MR scanner to measure GABA concentration in early visual cortex. To control for in-scanner head movement confounding the results, we quantified the amount of head movement during GABA scans to identify and exclude from analysis scans with excessive movement. Patients demonstrated significantly reduced GABA levels compared to control subjects, p = 0.029. GABA levels did not differ significantly between patients who were antipsychotic naïve (n = 7) and patients treated with antipsychotics. This replication in a recent onset sample suggest that diminished GABA in the visual cortex is a reliable finding, present in early phase of illness and not confounded by illness chronicity. | ||
| 520 | |a The GABA deficit hypothesis remains one of the most compelling explanations for the information processing impairments in schizophrenia. However, much of the supportive evidence has been derived from post-mortem studies, whereas in vivo studies have largely yielded inconsistent results. We undertook this single voxel proton magnetic resonance (MRS) GABA study to test in a sample of recent onset patients the replicability of our prior finding of reduced early visual cortex GABA in schizophrenia. We also examined the possibility that antipsychotics could represent a significant confound by studying a small subsample of antipsychotic naïve subjects. 23 adults with recent onset schizophrenia and a demographically matched sample of 31 healthy control subjects underwent MRS using a MEGA PRESS sequence on a 3T MR scanner to measure GABA concentration in early visual cortex. To control for in-scanner head movement confounding the results, we quantified the amount of head movement during GABA scans to identify and exclude from analysis scans with excessive movement. Patients demonstrated significantly reduced GABA levels compared to control subjects, p = 0.029. GABA levels did not differ significantly between patients who were antipsychotic naïve (n = 7) and patients treated with antipsychotics. This replication in a recent onset sample suggest that diminished GABA in the visual cortex is a reliable finding, present in early phase of illness and not confounded by illness chronicity. | ||
| 650 | 7 | |a Magnetic resonance spectroscopy |2 Elsevier | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Visual cortex |2 Elsevier | |
| 650 | 7 | |a GABA |2 Elsevier | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Maddock, Richard J. |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a DongBo Cui, Edward |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Minzenberg, Michael J. |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Niendam, Tara A. |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Lesh, Tyler |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Solomon, Marjorie |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Ragland, J. Daniel |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Carter, Cameron |4 oth | |
| 773 | 0 | 8 | |i Enthalten in |n Elsevier Science |a Van den Bergh, Omer ELSEVIER |t Idiopathic Environmental Intolerance: A Treatment Model |d 2021 |d an international multidisciplinary journal |g Amsterdam [u.a.] |w (DE-627)ELV005829860 |
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10.1016/j.schres.2019.10.025 doi /cbs_pica/cbs_olc/import_discovery/elsevier/einzuspielen/GBV00000000000939.pica (DE-627)ELV049406124 (ELSEVIER)S0920-9964(19)30451-7 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 150 VZ Yoon, Jong H. verfasserin aut Reduced in vivo visual cortex GABA in schizophrenia, a replication in a recent onset sample 2020transfer abstract 6 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier The GABA deficit hypothesis remains one of the most compelling explanations for the information processing impairments in schizophrenia. However, much of the supportive evidence has been derived from post-mortem studies, whereas in vivo studies have largely yielded inconsistent results. We undertook this single voxel proton magnetic resonance (MRS) GABA study to test in a sample of recent onset patients the replicability of our prior finding of reduced early visual cortex GABA in schizophrenia. We also examined the possibility that antipsychotics could represent a significant confound by studying a small subsample of antipsychotic naïve subjects. 23 adults with recent onset schizophrenia and a demographically matched sample of 31 healthy control subjects underwent MRS using a MEGA PRESS sequence on a 3T MR scanner to measure GABA concentration in early visual cortex. To control for in-scanner head movement confounding the results, we quantified the amount of head movement during GABA scans to identify and exclude from analysis scans with excessive movement. Patients demonstrated significantly reduced GABA levels compared to control subjects, p = 0.029. GABA levels did not differ significantly between patients who were antipsychotic naïve (n = 7) and patients treated with antipsychotics. This replication in a recent onset sample suggest that diminished GABA in the visual cortex is a reliable finding, present in early phase of illness and not confounded by illness chronicity. The GABA deficit hypothesis remains one of the most compelling explanations for the information processing impairments in schizophrenia. However, much of the supportive evidence has been derived from post-mortem studies, whereas in vivo studies have largely yielded inconsistent results. We undertook this single voxel proton magnetic resonance (MRS) GABA study to test in a sample of recent onset patients the replicability of our prior finding of reduced early visual cortex GABA in schizophrenia. We also examined the possibility that antipsychotics could represent a significant confound by studying a small subsample of antipsychotic naïve subjects. 23 adults with recent onset schizophrenia and a demographically matched sample of 31 healthy control subjects underwent MRS using a MEGA PRESS sequence on a 3T MR scanner to measure GABA concentration in early visual cortex. To control for in-scanner head movement confounding the results, we quantified the amount of head movement during GABA scans to identify and exclude from analysis scans with excessive movement. Patients demonstrated significantly reduced GABA levels compared to control subjects, p = 0.029. GABA levels did not differ significantly between patients who were antipsychotic naïve (n = 7) and patients treated with antipsychotics. This replication in a recent onset sample suggest that diminished GABA in the visual cortex is a reliable finding, present in early phase of illness and not confounded by illness chronicity. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy Elsevier Visual cortex Elsevier GABA Elsevier Maddock, Richard J. oth DongBo Cui, Edward oth Minzenberg, Michael J. oth Niendam, Tara A. oth Lesh, Tyler oth Solomon, Marjorie oth Ragland, J. Daniel oth Carter, Cameron oth Enthalten in Elsevier Science Van den Bergh, Omer ELSEVIER Idiopathic Environmental Intolerance: A Treatment Model 2021 an international multidisciplinary journal Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV005829860 volume:215 year:2020 pages:217-222 extent:6 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.schres.2019.10.025 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U AR 215 2020 217-222 6 |
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10.1016/j.schres.2019.10.025 doi /cbs_pica/cbs_olc/import_discovery/elsevier/einzuspielen/GBV00000000000939.pica (DE-627)ELV049406124 (ELSEVIER)S0920-9964(19)30451-7 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 150 VZ Yoon, Jong H. verfasserin aut Reduced in vivo visual cortex GABA in schizophrenia, a replication in a recent onset sample 2020transfer abstract 6 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier The GABA deficit hypothesis remains one of the most compelling explanations for the information processing impairments in schizophrenia. However, much of the supportive evidence has been derived from post-mortem studies, whereas in vivo studies have largely yielded inconsistent results. We undertook this single voxel proton magnetic resonance (MRS) GABA study to test in a sample of recent onset patients the replicability of our prior finding of reduced early visual cortex GABA in schizophrenia. We also examined the possibility that antipsychotics could represent a significant confound by studying a small subsample of antipsychotic naïve subjects. 23 adults with recent onset schizophrenia and a demographically matched sample of 31 healthy control subjects underwent MRS using a MEGA PRESS sequence on a 3T MR scanner to measure GABA concentration in early visual cortex. To control for in-scanner head movement confounding the results, we quantified the amount of head movement during GABA scans to identify and exclude from analysis scans with excessive movement. Patients demonstrated significantly reduced GABA levels compared to control subjects, p = 0.029. GABA levels did not differ significantly between patients who were antipsychotic naïve (n = 7) and patients treated with antipsychotics. This replication in a recent onset sample suggest that diminished GABA in the visual cortex is a reliable finding, present in early phase of illness and not confounded by illness chronicity. The GABA deficit hypothesis remains one of the most compelling explanations for the information processing impairments in schizophrenia. However, much of the supportive evidence has been derived from post-mortem studies, whereas in vivo studies have largely yielded inconsistent results. We undertook this single voxel proton magnetic resonance (MRS) GABA study to test in a sample of recent onset patients the replicability of our prior finding of reduced early visual cortex GABA in schizophrenia. We also examined the possibility that antipsychotics could represent a significant confound by studying a small subsample of antipsychotic naïve subjects. 23 adults with recent onset schizophrenia and a demographically matched sample of 31 healthy control subjects underwent MRS using a MEGA PRESS sequence on a 3T MR scanner to measure GABA concentration in early visual cortex. To control for in-scanner head movement confounding the results, we quantified the amount of head movement during GABA scans to identify and exclude from analysis scans with excessive movement. Patients demonstrated significantly reduced GABA levels compared to control subjects, p = 0.029. GABA levels did not differ significantly between patients who were antipsychotic naïve (n = 7) and patients treated with antipsychotics. This replication in a recent onset sample suggest that diminished GABA in the visual cortex is a reliable finding, present in early phase of illness and not confounded by illness chronicity. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy Elsevier Visual cortex Elsevier GABA Elsevier Maddock, Richard J. oth DongBo Cui, Edward oth Minzenberg, Michael J. oth Niendam, Tara A. oth Lesh, Tyler oth Solomon, Marjorie oth Ragland, J. Daniel oth Carter, Cameron oth Enthalten in Elsevier Science Van den Bergh, Omer ELSEVIER Idiopathic Environmental Intolerance: A Treatment Model 2021 an international multidisciplinary journal Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV005829860 volume:215 year:2020 pages:217-222 extent:6 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.schres.2019.10.025 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U AR 215 2020 217-222 6 |
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10.1016/j.schres.2019.10.025 doi /cbs_pica/cbs_olc/import_discovery/elsevier/einzuspielen/GBV00000000000939.pica (DE-627)ELV049406124 (ELSEVIER)S0920-9964(19)30451-7 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 150 VZ Yoon, Jong H. verfasserin aut Reduced in vivo visual cortex GABA in schizophrenia, a replication in a recent onset sample 2020transfer abstract 6 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier The GABA deficit hypothesis remains one of the most compelling explanations for the information processing impairments in schizophrenia. However, much of the supportive evidence has been derived from post-mortem studies, whereas in vivo studies have largely yielded inconsistent results. We undertook this single voxel proton magnetic resonance (MRS) GABA study to test in a sample of recent onset patients the replicability of our prior finding of reduced early visual cortex GABA in schizophrenia. We also examined the possibility that antipsychotics could represent a significant confound by studying a small subsample of antipsychotic naïve subjects. 23 adults with recent onset schizophrenia and a demographically matched sample of 31 healthy control subjects underwent MRS using a MEGA PRESS sequence on a 3T MR scanner to measure GABA concentration in early visual cortex. To control for in-scanner head movement confounding the results, we quantified the amount of head movement during GABA scans to identify and exclude from analysis scans with excessive movement. Patients demonstrated significantly reduced GABA levels compared to control subjects, p = 0.029. GABA levels did not differ significantly between patients who were antipsychotic naïve (n = 7) and patients treated with antipsychotics. This replication in a recent onset sample suggest that diminished GABA in the visual cortex is a reliable finding, present in early phase of illness and not confounded by illness chronicity. The GABA deficit hypothesis remains one of the most compelling explanations for the information processing impairments in schizophrenia. However, much of the supportive evidence has been derived from post-mortem studies, whereas in vivo studies have largely yielded inconsistent results. We undertook this single voxel proton magnetic resonance (MRS) GABA study to test in a sample of recent onset patients the replicability of our prior finding of reduced early visual cortex GABA in schizophrenia. We also examined the possibility that antipsychotics could represent a significant confound by studying a small subsample of antipsychotic naïve subjects. 23 adults with recent onset schizophrenia and a demographically matched sample of 31 healthy control subjects underwent MRS using a MEGA PRESS sequence on a 3T MR scanner to measure GABA concentration in early visual cortex. To control for in-scanner head movement confounding the results, we quantified the amount of head movement during GABA scans to identify and exclude from analysis scans with excessive movement. Patients demonstrated significantly reduced GABA levels compared to control subjects, p = 0.029. GABA levels did not differ significantly between patients who were antipsychotic naïve (n = 7) and patients treated with antipsychotics. This replication in a recent onset sample suggest that diminished GABA in the visual cortex is a reliable finding, present in early phase of illness and not confounded by illness chronicity. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy Elsevier Visual cortex Elsevier GABA Elsevier Maddock, Richard J. oth DongBo Cui, Edward oth Minzenberg, Michael J. oth Niendam, Tara A. oth Lesh, Tyler oth Solomon, Marjorie oth Ragland, J. Daniel oth Carter, Cameron oth Enthalten in Elsevier Science Van den Bergh, Omer ELSEVIER Idiopathic Environmental Intolerance: A Treatment Model 2021 an international multidisciplinary journal Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV005829860 volume:215 year:2020 pages:217-222 extent:6 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.schres.2019.10.025 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U AR 215 2020 217-222 6 |
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10.1016/j.schres.2019.10.025 doi /cbs_pica/cbs_olc/import_discovery/elsevier/einzuspielen/GBV00000000000939.pica (DE-627)ELV049406124 (ELSEVIER)S0920-9964(19)30451-7 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 150 VZ Yoon, Jong H. verfasserin aut Reduced in vivo visual cortex GABA in schizophrenia, a replication in a recent onset sample 2020transfer abstract 6 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier The GABA deficit hypothesis remains one of the most compelling explanations for the information processing impairments in schizophrenia. However, much of the supportive evidence has been derived from post-mortem studies, whereas in vivo studies have largely yielded inconsistent results. We undertook this single voxel proton magnetic resonance (MRS) GABA study to test in a sample of recent onset patients the replicability of our prior finding of reduced early visual cortex GABA in schizophrenia. We also examined the possibility that antipsychotics could represent a significant confound by studying a small subsample of antipsychotic naïve subjects. 23 adults with recent onset schizophrenia and a demographically matched sample of 31 healthy control subjects underwent MRS using a MEGA PRESS sequence on a 3T MR scanner to measure GABA concentration in early visual cortex. To control for in-scanner head movement confounding the results, we quantified the amount of head movement during GABA scans to identify and exclude from analysis scans with excessive movement. Patients demonstrated significantly reduced GABA levels compared to control subjects, p = 0.029. GABA levels did not differ significantly between patients who were antipsychotic naïve (n = 7) and patients treated with antipsychotics. This replication in a recent onset sample suggest that diminished GABA in the visual cortex is a reliable finding, present in early phase of illness and not confounded by illness chronicity. The GABA deficit hypothesis remains one of the most compelling explanations for the information processing impairments in schizophrenia. However, much of the supportive evidence has been derived from post-mortem studies, whereas in vivo studies have largely yielded inconsistent results. We undertook this single voxel proton magnetic resonance (MRS) GABA study to test in a sample of recent onset patients the replicability of our prior finding of reduced early visual cortex GABA in schizophrenia. We also examined the possibility that antipsychotics could represent a significant confound by studying a small subsample of antipsychotic naïve subjects. 23 adults with recent onset schizophrenia and a demographically matched sample of 31 healthy control subjects underwent MRS using a MEGA PRESS sequence on a 3T MR scanner to measure GABA concentration in early visual cortex. To control for in-scanner head movement confounding the results, we quantified the amount of head movement during GABA scans to identify and exclude from analysis scans with excessive movement. Patients demonstrated significantly reduced GABA levels compared to control subjects, p = 0.029. GABA levels did not differ significantly between patients who were antipsychotic naïve (n = 7) and patients treated with antipsychotics. This replication in a recent onset sample suggest that diminished GABA in the visual cortex is a reliable finding, present in early phase of illness and not confounded by illness chronicity. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy Elsevier Visual cortex Elsevier GABA Elsevier Maddock, Richard J. oth DongBo Cui, Edward oth Minzenberg, Michael J. oth Niendam, Tara A. oth Lesh, Tyler oth Solomon, Marjorie oth Ragland, J. Daniel oth Carter, Cameron oth Enthalten in Elsevier Science Van den Bergh, Omer ELSEVIER Idiopathic Environmental Intolerance: A Treatment Model 2021 an international multidisciplinary journal Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV005829860 volume:215 year:2020 pages:217-222 extent:6 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.schres.2019.10.025 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U AR 215 2020 217-222 6 |
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10.1016/j.schres.2019.10.025 doi /cbs_pica/cbs_olc/import_discovery/elsevier/einzuspielen/GBV00000000000939.pica (DE-627)ELV049406124 (ELSEVIER)S0920-9964(19)30451-7 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 150 VZ Yoon, Jong H. verfasserin aut Reduced in vivo visual cortex GABA in schizophrenia, a replication in a recent onset sample 2020transfer abstract 6 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier The GABA deficit hypothesis remains one of the most compelling explanations for the information processing impairments in schizophrenia. However, much of the supportive evidence has been derived from post-mortem studies, whereas in vivo studies have largely yielded inconsistent results. We undertook this single voxel proton magnetic resonance (MRS) GABA study to test in a sample of recent onset patients the replicability of our prior finding of reduced early visual cortex GABA in schizophrenia. We also examined the possibility that antipsychotics could represent a significant confound by studying a small subsample of antipsychotic naïve subjects. 23 adults with recent onset schizophrenia and a demographically matched sample of 31 healthy control subjects underwent MRS using a MEGA PRESS sequence on a 3T MR scanner to measure GABA concentration in early visual cortex. To control for in-scanner head movement confounding the results, we quantified the amount of head movement during GABA scans to identify and exclude from analysis scans with excessive movement. Patients demonstrated significantly reduced GABA levels compared to control subjects, p = 0.029. GABA levels did not differ significantly between patients who were antipsychotic naïve (n = 7) and patients treated with antipsychotics. This replication in a recent onset sample suggest that diminished GABA in the visual cortex is a reliable finding, present in early phase of illness and not confounded by illness chronicity. The GABA deficit hypothesis remains one of the most compelling explanations for the information processing impairments in schizophrenia. However, much of the supportive evidence has been derived from post-mortem studies, whereas in vivo studies have largely yielded inconsistent results. We undertook this single voxel proton magnetic resonance (MRS) GABA study to test in a sample of recent onset patients the replicability of our prior finding of reduced early visual cortex GABA in schizophrenia. We also examined the possibility that antipsychotics could represent a significant confound by studying a small subsample of antipsychotic naïve subjects. 23 adults with recent onset schizophrenia and a demographically matched sample of 31 healthy control subjects underwent MRS using a MEGA PRESS sequence on a 3T MR scanner to measure GABA concentration in early visual cortex. To control for in-scanner head movement confounding the results, we quantified the amount of head movement during GABA scans to identify and exclude from analysis scans with excessive movement. Patients demonstrated significantly reduced GABA levels compared to control subjects, p = 0.029. GABA levels did not differ significantly between patients who were antipsychotic naïve (n = 7) and patients treated with antipsychotics. This replication in a recent onset sample suggest that diminished GABA in the visual cortex is a reliable finding, present in early phase of illness and not confounded by illness chronicity. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy Elsevier Visual cortex Elsevier GABA Elsevier Maddock, Richard J. oth DongBo Cui, Edward oth Minzenberg, Michael J. oth Niendam, Tara A. oth Lesh, Tyler oth Solomon, Marjorie oth Ragland, J. Daniel oth Carter, Cameron oth Enthalten in Elsevier Science Van den Bergh, Omer ELSEVIER Idiopathic Environmental Intolerance: A Treatment Model 2021 an international multidisciplinary journal Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV005829860 volume:215 year:2020 pages:217-222 extent:6 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.schres.2019.10.025 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U AR 215 2020 217-222 6 |
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However, much of the supportive evidence has been derived from post-mortem studies, whereas in vivo studies have largely yielded inconsistent results. We undertook this single voxel proton magnetic resonance (MRS) GABA study to test in a sample of recent onset patients the replicability of our prior finding of reduced early visual cortex GABA in schizophrenia. We also examined the possibility that antipsychotics could represent a significant confound by studying a small subsample of antipsychotic naïve subjects. 23 adults with recent onset schizophrenia and a demographically matched sample of 31 healthy control subjects underwent MRS using a MEGA PRESS sequence on a 3T MR scanner to measure GABA concentration in early visual cortex. To control for in-scanner head movement confounding the results, we quantified the amount of head movement during GABA scans to identify and exclude from analysis scans with excessive movement. Patients demonstrated significantly reduced GABA levels compared to control subjects, p = 0.029. GABA levels did not differ significantly between patients who were antipsychotic naïve (n = 7) and patients treated with antipsychotics. This replication in a recent onset sample suggest that diminished GABA in the visual cortex is a reliable finding, present in early phase of illness and not confounded by illness chronicity.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">The GABA deficit hypothesis remains one of the most compelling explanations for the information processing impairments in schizophrenia. However, much of the supportive evidence has been derived from post-mortem studies, whereas in vivo studies have largely yielded inconsistent results. 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reduced in vivo visual cortex gaba in schizophrenia, a replication in a recent onset sample |
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Reduced in vivo visual cortex GABA in schizophrenia, a replication in a recent onset sample |
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The GABA deficit hypothesis remains one of the most compelling explanations for the information processing impairments in schizophrenia. However, much of the supportive evidence has been derived from post-mortem studies, whereas in vivo studies have largely yielded inconsistent results. We undertook this single voxel proton magnetic resonance (MRS) GABA study to test in a sample of recent onset patients the replicability of our prior finding of reduced early visual cortex GABA in schizophrenia. We also examined the possibility that antipsychotics could represent a significant confound by studying a small subsample of antipsychotic naïve subjects. 23 adults with recent onset schizophrenia and a demographically matched sample of 31 healthy control subjects underwent MRS using a MEGA PRESS sequence on a 3T MR scanner to measure GABA concentration in early visual cortex. To control for in-scanner head movement confounding the results, we quantified the amount of head movement during GABA scans to identify and exclude from analysis scans with excessive movement. Patients demonstrated significantly reduced GABA levels compared to control subjects, p = 0.029. GABA levels did not differ significantly between patients who were antipsychotic naïve (n = 7) and patients treated with antipsychotics. This replication in a recent onset sample suggest that diminished GABA in the visual cortex is a reliable finding, present in early phase of illness and not confounded by illness chronicity. |
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The GABA deficit hypothesis remains one of the most compelling explanations for the information processing impairments in schizophrenia. However, much of the supportive evidence has been derived from post-mortem studies, whereas in vivo studies have largely yielded inconsistent results. We undertook this single voxel proton magnetic resonance (MRS) GABA study to test in a sample of recent onset patients the replicability of our prior finding of reduced early visual cortex GABA in schizophrenia. We also examined the possibility that antipsychotics could represent a significant confound by studying a small subsample of antipsychotic naïve subjects. 23 adults with recent onset schizophrenia and a demographically matched sample of 31 healthy control subjects underwent MRS using a MEGA PRESS sequence on a 3T MR scanner to measure GABA concentration in early visual cortex. To control for in-scanner head movement confounding the results, we quantified the amount of head movement during GABA scans to identify and exclude from analysis scans with excessive movement. Patients demonstrated significantly reduced GABA levels compared to control subjects, p = 0.029. GABA levels did not differ significantly between patients who were antipsychotic naïve (n = 7) and patients treated with antipsychotics. This replication in a recent onset sample suggest that diminished GABA in the visual cortex is a reliable finding, present in early phase of illness and not confounded by illness chronicity. |
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The GABA deficit hypothesis remains one of the most compelling explanations for the information processing impairments in schizophrenia. However, much of the supportive evidence has been derived from post-mortem studies, whereas in vivo studies have largely yielded inconsistent results. We undertook this single voxel proton magnetic resonance (MRS) GABA study to test in a sample of recent onset patients the replicability of our prior finding of reduced early visual cortex GABA in schizophrenia. We also examined the possibility that antipsychotics could represent a significant confound by studying a small subsample of antipsychotic naïve subjects. 23 adults with recent onset schizophrenia and a demographically matched sample of 31 healthy control subjects underwent MRS using a MEGA PRESS sequence on a 3T MR scanner to measure GABA concentration in early visual cortex. To control for in-scanner head movement confounding the results, we quantified the amount of head movement during GABA scans to identify and exclude from analysis scans with excessive movement. Patients demonstrated significantly reduced GABA levels compared to control subjects, p = 0.029. GABA levels did not differ significantly between patients who were antipsychotic naïve (n = 7) and patients treated with antipsychotics. This replication in a recent onset sample suggest that diminished GABA in the visual cortex is a reliable finding, present in early phase of illness and not confounded by illness chronicity. |
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