Effect of shock structure on stabilization and blow-off of hydrogen jet flames
Under-expanded hydrogen jet has characteristic shock structure immediately downstream of the nozzle exit. The shock structure depends on the ratio p EX /p A , i.e. the ratio of nozzle exit to ambient pressure, and the distributions of velocity and concentration in an under-expanded hydrogen jet depe...
Ausführliche Beschreibung
Gespeichert in:
| Autor*in: |
Takeno, Keiji [verfasserIn] |
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| Format: |
E-Artikel |
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| Sprache: |
Englisch |
| Erschienen: |
2020transfer abstract |
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| Schlagwörter: |
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| Umfang: |
10 |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
Enthalten in: External auditory canal: Inferior, posterior-inferior, and anterior canal wall overhangs - Dedhia, Kavita ELSEVIER, 2018, official journal of the International Association for Hydrogen Energy, New York, NY [u.a.] |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:45 ; year:2020 ; number:16 ; day:20 ; month:03 ; pages:10145-10154 ; extent:10 |
| Links: |
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| DOI / URN: |
10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.01.217 |
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ELV049611240 |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Effect of shock structure on stabilization and blow-off of hydrogen jet flames |
| 264 | 1 | |c 2020transfer abstract | |
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| 520 | |a Under-expanded hydrogen jet has characteristic shock structure immediately downstream of the nozzle exit. The shock structure depends on the ratio p EX /p A , i.e. the ratio of nozzle exit to ambient pressure, and the distributions of velocity and concentration in an under-expanded hydrogen jet depend on characteristics of the shock structure. Therefore, the shock structure should affect the blow-off behaviour of under-expanded hydrogen jet flame. Since this issue has not been investigated in detail, this study aims to close this knowledge gap. The effect of changes in shock structure on lift-off length and blow-off conditions for non-premixed turbulent hydrogen free jet flame has been experimentally investigated. The shock structure was varied by using three types of nozzles: convergent, straight and divergent nozzles. Inlet diameters of nozzles change from 0.31 to 1.04 mm and outlet diameters from 0.34 to 1.7 mm. The static pressure and the ratio of cross-section area at the nozzle inlet to that at the outlet were varying parameters in this study. Hydrogen was horizontally spouted through a nozzle to atmosphere. The maximum static pressure in a nozzle was 13.2 MPa. The experiments revealed that when the hydrogen jet had sequential shock cell structures, which occurred in the range of p EX /p A smaller than 2.45, a higher mass flow rate of hydrogen was needed for the stabilization of a jet flame than that for p EX /p A larger than 2.45 and that when closed to the ideal expansion (p EX/ p A = 1), the mass flow rate for stable flame became maximum. In addition, it was observed that the lift-off length of stable flames followed with sequential shock cell structures were almost the same when the minimum cross-section area of used nozzles was constant. However, when hydrogen jet had a shock structure with single Mach disk, the lift-off lengths and the minimum mass flow rate required for the stable jet flame were decreasing with the decrease of the cross-sectional area ratio of the nozzle exit to inlet. | ||
| 520 | |a Under-expanded hydrogen jet has characteristic shock structure immediately downstream of the nozzle exit. The shock structure depends on the ratio p EX /p A , i.e. the ratio of nozzle exit to ambient pressure, and the distributions of velocity and concentration in an under-expanded hydrogen jet depend on characteristics of the shock structure. Therefore, the shock structure should affect the blow-off behaviour of under-expanded hydrogen jet flame. Since this issue has not been investigated in detail, this study aims to close this knowledge gap. The effect of changes in shock structure on lift-off length and blow-off conditions for non-premixed turbulent hydrogen free jet flame has been experimentally investigated. The shock structure was varied by using three types of nozzles: convergent, straight and divergent nozzles. Inlet diameters of nozzles change from 0.31 to 1.04 mm and outlet diameters from 0.34 to 1.7 mm. The static pressure and the ratio of cross-section area at the nozzle inlet to that at the outlet were varying parameters in this study. Hydrogen was horizontally spouted through a nozzle to atmosphere. The maximum static pressure in a nozzle was 13.2 MPa. The experiments revealed that when the hydrogen jet had sequential shock cell structures, which occurred in the range of p EX /p A smaller than 2.45, a higher mass flow rate of hydrogen was needed for the stabilization of a jet flame than that for p EX /p A larger than 2.45 and that when closed to the ideal expansion (p EX/ p A = 1), the mass flow rate for stable flame became maximum. In addition, it was observed that the lift-off length of stable flames followed with sequential shock cell structures were almost the same when the minimum cross-section area of used nozzles was constant. However, when hydrogen jet had a shock structure with single Mach disk, the lift-off lengths and the minimum mass flow rate required for the stable jet flame were decreasing with the decrease of the cross-sectional area ratio of the nozzle exit to inlet. | ||
| 650 | 7 | |a Convergent and divergent nozzles |2 Elsevier | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Lift-off |2 Elsevier | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Shock structure |2 Elsevier | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Non-premixed turbulent flame |2 Elsevier | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Under-expanded jet |2 Elsevier | |
| 650 | 7 | |a Blow-off |2 Elsevier | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Yamamoto, Shohei |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Sakatsume, Ryo |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Hirakawa, Shiori |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Takeda, Hiroki |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Shentsov, Volodymyr |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Makarov, Dmitriy |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Molkov, Vladimir |4 oth | |
| 773 | 0 | 8 | |i Enthalten in |n Elsevier |a Dedhia, Kavita ELSEVIER |t External auditory canal: Inferior, posterior-inferior, and anterior canal wall overhangs |d 2018 |d official journal of the International Association for Hydrogen Energy |g New York, NY [u.a.] |w (DE-627)ELV000127019 |
| 773 | 1 | 8 | |g volume:45 |g year:2020 |g number:16 |g day:20 |g month:03 |g pages:10145-10154 |g extent:10 |
| 856 | 4 | 0 | |u https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.01.217 |3 Volltext |
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10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.01.217 doi /cbs_pica/cbs_olc/import_discovery/elsevier/einzuspielen/GBV00000000000935.pica (DE-627)ELV049611240 (ELSEVIER)S0360-3199(20)30395-5 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 610 VZ 44.94 bkl Takeno, Keiji verfasserin aut Effect of shock structure on stabilization and blow-off of hydrogen jet flames 2020transfer abstract 10 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier Under-expanded hydrogen jet has characteristic shock structure immediately downstream of the nozzle exit. The shock structure depends on the ratio p EX /p A , i.e. the ratio of nozzle exit to ambient pressure, and the distributions of velocity and concentration in an under-expanded hydrogen jet depend on characteristics of the shock structure. Therefore, the shock structure should affect the blow-off behaviour of under-expanded hydrogen jet flame. Since this issue has not been investigated in detail, this study aims to close this knowledge gap. The effect of changes in shock structure on lift-off length and blow-off conditions for non-premixed turbulent hydrogen free jet flame has been experimentally investigated. The shock structure was varied by using three types of nozzles: convergent, straight and divergent nozzles. Inlet diameters of nozzles change from 0.31 to 1.04 mm and outlet diameters from 0.34 to 1.7 mm. The static pressure and the ratio of cross-section area at the nozzle inlet to that at the outlet were varying parameters in this study. Hydrogen was horizontally spouted through a nozzle to atmosphere. The maximum static pressure in a nozzle was 13.2 MPa. The experiments revealed that when the hydrogen jet had sequential shock cell structures, which occurred in the range of p EX /p A smaller than 2.45, a higher mass flow rate of hydrogen was needed for the stabilization of a jet flame than that for p EX /p A larger than 2.45 and that when closed to the ideal expansion (p EX/ p A = 1), the mass flow rate for stable flame became maximum. In addition, it was observed that the lift-off length of stable flames followed with sequential shock cell structures were almost the same when the minimum cross-section area of used nozzles was constant. However, when hydrogen jet had a shock structure with single Mach disk, the lift-off lengths and the minimum mass flow rate required for the stable jet flame were decreasing with the decrease of the cross-sectional area ratio of the nozzle exit to inlet. Under-expanded hydrogen jet has characteristic shock structure immediately downstream of the nozzle exit. The shock structure depends on the ratio p EX /p A , i.e. the ratio of nozzle exit to ambient pressure, and the distributions of velocity and concentration in an under-expanded hydrogen jet depend on characteristics of the shock structure. Therefore, the shock structure should affect the blow-off behaviour of under-expanded hydrogen jet flame. Since this issue has not been investigated in detail, this study aims to close this knowledge gap. The effect of changes in shock structure on lift-off length and blow-off conditions for non-premixed turbulent hydrogen free jet flame has been experimentally investigated. The shock structure was varied by using three types of nozzles: convergent, straight and divergent nozzles. Inlet diameters of nozzles change from 0.31 to 1.04 mm and outlet diameters from 0.34 to 1.7 mm. The static pressure and the ratio of cross-section area at the nozzle inlet to that at the outlet were varying parameters in this study. Hydrogen was horizontally spouted through a nozzle to atmosphere. The maximum static pressure in a nozzle was 13.2 MPa. The experiments revealed that when the hydrogen jet had sequential shock cell structures, which occurred in the range of p EX /p A smaller than 2.45, a higher mass flow rate of hydrogen was needed for the stabilization of a jet flame than that for p EX /p A larger than 2.45 and that when closed to the ideal expansion (p EX/ p A = 1), the mass flow rate for stable flame became maximum. In addition, it was observed that the lift-off length of stable flames followed with sequential shock cell structures were almost the same when the minimum cross-section area of used nozzles was constant. However, when hydrogen jet had a shock structure with single Mach disk, the lift-off lengths and the minimum mass flow rate required for the stable jet flame were decreasing with the decrease of the cross-sectional area ratio of the nozzle exit to inlet. Convergent and divergent nozzles Elsevier Lift-off Elsevier Shock structure Elsevier Non-premixed turbulent flame Elsevier Under-expanded jet Elsevier Blow-off Elsevier Yamamoto, Shohei oth Sakatsume, Ryo oth Hirakawa, Shiori oth Takeda, Hiroki oth Shentsov, Volodymyr oth Makarov, Dmitriy oth Molkov, Vladimir oth Enthalten in Elsevier Dedhia, Kavita ELSEVIER External auditory canal: Inferior, posterior-inferior, and anterior canal wall overhangs 2018 official journal of the International Association for Hydrogen Energy New York, NY [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV000127019 volume:45 year:2020 number:16 day:20 month:03 pages:10145-10154 extent:10 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.01.217 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U SSG-OLC-PHA 44.94 Hals-Nasen-Ohrenheilkunde VZ AR 45 2020 16 20 0320 10145-10154 10 |
| spelling |
10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.01.217 doi /cbs_pica/cbs_olc/import_discovery/elsevier/einzuspielen/GBV00000000000935.pica (DE-627)ELV049611240 (ELSEVIER)S0360-3199(20)30395-5 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 610 VZ 44.94 bkl Takeno, Keiji verfasserin aut Effect of shock structure on stabilization and blow-off of hydrogen jet flames 2020transfer abstract 10 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier Under-expanded hydrogen jet has characteristic shock structure immediately downstream of the nozzle exit. The shock structure depends on the ratio p EX /p A , i.e. the ratio of nozzle exit to ambient pressure, and the distributions of velocity and concentration in an under-expanded hydrogen jet depend on characteristics of the shock structure. Therefore, the shock structure should affect the blow-off behaviour of under-expanded hydrogen jet flame. Since this issue has not been investigated in detail, this study aims to close this knowledge gap. The effect of changes in shock structure on lift-off length and blow-off conditions for non-premixed turbulent hydrogen free jet flame has been experimentally investigated. The shock structure was varied by using three types of nozzles: convergent, straight and divergent nozzles. Inlet diameters of nozzles change from 0.31 to 1.04 mm and outlet diameters from 0.34 to 1.7 mm. The static pressure and the ratio of cross-section area at the nozzle inlet to that at the outlet were varying parameters in this study. Hydrogen was horizontally spouted through a nozzle to atmosphere. The maximum static pressure in a nozzle was 13.2 MPa. The experiments revealed that when the hydrogen jet had sequential shock cell structures, which occurred in the range of p EX /p A smaller than 2.45, a higher mass flow rate of hydrogen was needed for the stabilization of a jet flame than that for p EX /p A larger than 2.45 and that when closed to the ideal expansion (p EX/ p A = 1), the mass flow rate for stable flame became maximum. In addition, it was observed that the lift-off length of stable flames followed with sequential shock cell structures were almost the same when the minimum cross-section area of used nozzles was constant. However, when hydrogen jet had a shock structure with single Mach disk, the lift-off lengths and the minimum mass flow rate required for the stable jet flame were decreasing with the decrease of the cross-sectional area ratio of the nozzle exit to inlet. Under-expanded hydrogen jet has characteristic shock structure immediately downstream of the nozzle exit. The shock structure depends on the ratio p EX /p A , i.e. the ratio of nozzle exit to ambient pressure, and the distributions of velocity and concentration in an under-expanded hydrogen jet depend on characteristics of the shock structure. Therefore, the shock structure should affect the blow-off behaviour of under-expanded hydrogen jet flame. Since this issue has not been investigated in detail, this study aims to close this knowledge gap. The effect of changes in shock structure on lift-off length and blow-off conditions for non-premixed turbulent hydrogen free jet flame has been experimentally investigated. The shock structure was varied by using three types of nozzles: convergent, straight and divergent nozzles. Inlet diameters of nozzles change from 0.31 to 1.04 mm and outlet diameters from 0.34 to 1.7 mm. The static pressure and the ratio of cross-section area at the nozzle inlet to that at the outlet were varying parameters in this study. Hydrogen was horizontally spouted through a nozzle to atmosphere. The maximum static pressure in a nozzle was 13.2 MPa. The experiments revealed that when the hydrogen jet had sequential shock cell structures, which occurred in the range of p EX /p A smaller than 2.45, a higher mass flow rate of hydrogen was needed for the stabilization of a jet flame than that for p EX /p A larger than 2.45 and that when closed to the ideal expansion (p EX/ p A = 1), the mass flow rate for stable flame became maximum. In addition, it was observed that the lift-off length of stable flames followed with sequential shock cell structures were almost the same when the minimum cross-section area of used nozzles was constant. However, when hydrogen jet had a shock structure with single Mach disk, the lift-off lengths and the minimum mass flow rate required for the stable jet flame were decreasing with the decrease of the cross-sectional area ratio of the nozzle exit to inlet. Convergent and divergent nozzles Elsevier Lift-off Elsevier Shock structure Elsevier Non-premixed turbulent flame Elsevier Under-expanded jet Elsevier Blow-off Elsevier Yamamoto, Shohei oth Sakatsume, Ryo oth Hirakawa, Shiori oth Takeda, Hiroki oth Shentsov, Volodymyr oth Makarov, Dmitriy oth Molkov, Vladimir oth Enthalten in Elsevier Dedhia, Kavita ELSEVIER External auditory canal: Inferior, posterior-inferior, and anterior canal wall overhangs 2018 official journal of the International Association for Hydrogen Energy New York, NY [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV000127019 volume:45 year:2020 number:16 day:20 month:03 pages:10145-10154 extent:10 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.01.217 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U SSG-OLC-PHA 44.94 Hals-Nasen-Ohrenheilkunde VZ AR 45 2020 16 20 0320 10145-10154 10 |
| allfields_unstemmed |
10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.01.217 doi /cbs_pica/cbs_olc/import_discovery/elsevier/einzuspielen/GBV00000000000935.pica (DE-627)ELV049611240 (ELSEVIER)S0360-3199(20)30395-5 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 610 VZ 44.94 bkl Takeno, Keiji verfasserin aut Effect of shock structure on stabilization and blow-off of hydrogen jet flames 2020transfer abstract 10 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier Under-expanded hydrogen jet has characteristic shock structure immediately downstream of the nozzle exit. The shock structure depends on the ratio p EX /p A , i.e. the ratio of nozzle exit to ambient pressure, and the distributions of velocity and concentration in an under-expanded hydrogen jet depend on characteristics of the shock structure. Therefore, the shock structure should affect the blow-off behaviour of under-expanded hydrogen jet flame. Since this issue has not been investigated in detail, this study aims to close this knowledge gap. The effect of changes in shock structure on lift-off length and blow-off conditions for non-premixed turbulent hydrogen free jet flame has been experimentally investigated. The shock structure was varied by using three types of nozzles: convergent, straight and divergent nozzles. Inlet diameters of nozzles change from 0.31 to 1.04 mm and outlet diameters from 0.34 to 1.7 mm. The static pressure and the ratio of cross-section area at the nozzle inlet to that at the outlet were varying parameters in this study. Hydrogen was horizontally spouted through a nozzle to atmosphere. The maximum static pressure in a nozzle was 13.2 MPa. The experiments revealed that when the hydrogen jet had sequential shock cell structures, which occurred in the range of p EX /p A smaller than 2.45, a higher mass flow rate of hydrogen was needed for the stabilization of a jet flame than that for p EX /p A larger than 2.45 and that when closed to the ideal expansion (p EX/ p A = 1), the mass flow rate for stable flame became maximum. In addition, it was observed that the lift-off length of stable flames followed with sequential shock cell structures were almost the same when the minimum cross-section area of used nozzles was constant. However, when hydrogen jet had a shock structure with single Mach disk, the lift-off lengths and the minimum mass flow rate required for the stable jet flame were decreasing with the decrease of the cross-sectional area ratio of the nozzle exit to inlet. Under-expanded hydrogen jet has characteristic shock structure immediately downstream of the nozzle exit. The shock structure depends on the ratio p EX /p A , i.e. the ratio of nozzle exit to ambient pressure, and the distributions of velocity and concentration in an under-expanded hydrogen jet depend on characteristics of the shock structure. Therefore, the shock structure should affect the blow-off behaviour of under-expanded hydrogen jet flame. Since this issue has not been investigated in detail, this study aims to close this knowledge gap. The effect of changes in shock structure on lift-off length and blow-off conditions for non-premixed turbulent hydrogen free jet flame has been experimentally investigated. The shock structure was varied by using three types of nozzles: convergent, straight and divergent nozzles. Inlet diameters of nozzles change from 0.31 to 1.04 mm and outlet diameters from 0.34 to 1.7 mm. The static pressure and the ratio of cross-section area at the nozzle inlet to that at the outlet were varying parameters in this study. Hydrogen was horizontally spouted through a nozzle to atmosphere. The maximum static pressure in a nozzle was 13.2 MPa. The experiments revealed that when the hydrogen jet had sequential shock cell structures, which occurred in the range of p EX /p A smaller than 2.45, a higher mass flow rate of hydrogen was needed for the stabilization of a jet flame than that for p EX /p A larger than 2.45 and that when closed to the ideal expansion (p EX/ p A = 1), the mass flow rate for stable flame became maximum. In addition, it was observed that the lift-off length of stable flames followed with sequential shock cell structures were almost the same when the minimum cross-section area of used nozzles was constant. However, when hydrogen jet had a shock structure with single Mach disk, the lift-off lengths and the minimum mass flow rate required for the stable jet flame were decreasing with the decrease of the cross-sectional area ratio of the nozzle exit to inlet. Convergent and divergent nozzles Elsevier Lift-off Elsevier Shock structure Elsevier Non-premixed turbulent flame Elsevier Under-expanded jet Elsevier Blow-off Elsevier Yamamoto, Shohei oth Sakatsume, Ryo oth Hirakawa, Shiori oth Takeda, Hiroki oth Shentsov, Volodymyr oth Makarov, Dmitriy oth Molkov, Vladimir oth Enthalten in Elsevier Dedhia, Kavita ELSEVIER External auditory canal: Inferior, posterior-inferior, and anterior canal wall overhangs 2018 official journal of the International Association for Hydrogen Energy New York, NY [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV000127019 volume:45 year:2020 number:16 day:20 month:03 pages:10145-10154 extent:10 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.01.217 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U SSG-OLC-PHA 44.94 Hals-Nasen-Ohrenheilkunde VZ AR 45 2020 16 20 0320 10145-10154 10 |
| allfieldsGer |
10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.01.217 doi /cbs_pica/cbs_olc/import_discovery/elsevier/einzuspielen/GBV00000000000935.pica (DE-627)ELV049611240 (ELSEVIER)S0360-3199(20)30395-5 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 610 VZ 44.94 bkl Takeno, Keiji verfasserin aut Effect of shock structure on stabilization and blow-off of hydrogen jet flames 2020transfer abstract 10 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier Under-expanded hydrogen jet has characteristic shock structure immediately downstream of the nozzle exit. The shock structure depends on the ratio p EX /p A , i.e. the ratio of nozzle exit to ambient pressure, and the distributions of velocity and concentration in an under-expanded hydrogen jet depend on characteristics of the shock structure. Therefore, the shock structure should affect the blow-off behaviour of under-expanded hydrogen jet flame. Since this issue has not been investigated in detail, this study aims to close this knowledge gap. The effect of changes in shock structure on lift-off length and blow-off conditions for non-premixed turbulent hydrogen free jet flame has been experimentally investigated. The shock structure was varied by using three types of nozzles: convergent, straight and divergent nozzles. Inlet diameters of nozzles change from 0.31 to 1.04 mm and outlet diameters from 0.34 to 1.7 mm. The static pressure and the ratio of cross-section area at the nozzle inlet to that at the outlet were varying parameters in this study. Hydrogen was horizontally spouted through a nozzle to atmosphere. The maximum static pressure in a nozzle was 13.2 MPa. The experiments revealed that when the hydrogen jet had sequential shock cell structures, which occurred in the range of p EX /p A smaller than 2.45, a higher mass flow rate of hydrogen was needed for the stabilization of a jet flame than that for p EX /p A larger than 2.45 and that when closed to the ideal expansion (p EX/ p A = 1), the mass flow rate for stable flame became maximum. In addition, it was observed that the lift-off length of stable flames followed with sequential shock cell structures were almost the same when the minimum cross-section area of used nozzles was constant. However, when hydrogen jet had a shock structure with single Mach disk, the lift-off lengths and the minimum mass flow rate required for the stable jet flame were decreasing with the decrease of the cross-sectional area ratio of the nozzle exit to inlet. Under-expanded hydrogen jet has characteristic shock structure immediately downstream of the nozzle exit. The shock structure depends on the ratio p EX /p A , i.e. the ratio of nozzle exit to ambient pressure, and the distributions of velocity and concentration in an under-expanded hydrogen jet depend on characteristics of the shock structure. Therefore, the shock structure should affect the blow-off behaviour of under-expanded hydrogen jet flame. Since this issue has not been investigated in detail, this study aims to close this knowledge gap. The effect of changes in shock structure on lift-off length and blow-off conditions for non-premixed turbulent hydrogen free jet flame has been experimentally investigated. The shock structure was varied by using three types of nozzles: convergent, straight and divergent nozzles. Inlet diameters of nozzles change from 0.31 to 1.04 mm and outlet diameters from 0.34 to 1.7 mm. The static pressure and the ratio of cross-section area at the nozzle inlet to that at the outlet were varying parameters in this study. Hydrogen was horizontally spouted through a nozzle to atmosphere. The maximum static pressure in a nozzle was 13.2 MPa. The experiments revealed that when the hydrogen jet had sequential shock cell structures, which occurred in the range of p EX /p A smaller than 2.45, a higher mass flow rate of hydrogen was needed for the stabilization of a jet flame than that for p EX /p A larger than 2.45 and that when closed to the ideal expansion (p EX/ p A = 1), the mass flow rate for stable flame became maximum. In addition, it was observed that the lift-off length of stable flames followed with sequential shock cell structures were almost the same when the minimum cross-section area of used nozzles was constant. However, when hydrogen jet had a shock structure with single Mach disk, the lift-off lengths and the minimum mass flow rate required for the stable jet flame were decreasing with the decrease of the cross-sectional area ratio of the nozzle exit to inlet. Convergent and divergent nozzles Elsevier Lift-off Elsevier Shock structure Elsevier Non-premixed turbulent flame Elsevier Under-expanded jet Elsevier Blow-off Elsevier Yamamoto, Shohei oth Sakatsume, Ryo oth Hirakawa, Shiori oth Takeda, Hiroki oth Shentsov, Volodymyr oth Makarov, Dmitriy oth Molkov, Vladimir oth Enthalten in Elsevier Dedhia, Kavita ELSEVIER External auditory canal: Inferior, posterior-inferior, and anterior canal wall overhangs 2018 official journal of the International Association for Hydrogen Energy New York, NY [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV000127019 volume:45 year:2020 number:16 day:20 month:03 pages:10145-10154 extent:10 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.01.217 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U SSG-OLC-PHA 44.94 Hals-Nasen-Ohrenheilkunde VZ AR 45 2020 16 20 0320 10145-10154 10 |
| allfieldsSound |
10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.01.217 doi /cbs_pica/cbs_olc/import_discovery/elsevier/einzuspielen/GBV00000000000935.pica (DE-627)ELV049611240 (ELSEVIER)S0360-3199(20)30395-5 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 610 VZ 44.94 bkl Takeno, Keiji verfasserin aut Effect of shock structure on stabilization and blow-off of hydrogen jet flames 2020transfer abstract 10 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier Under-expanded hydrogen jet has characteristic shock structure immediately downstream of the nozzle exit. The shock structure depends on the ratio p EX /p A , i.e. the ratio of nozzle exit to ambient pressure, and the distributions of velocity and concentration in an under-expanded hydrogen jet depend on characteristics of the shock structure. Therefore, the shock structure should affect the blow-off behaviour of under-expanded hydrogen jet flame. Since this issue has not been investigated in detail, this study aims to close this knowledge gap. The effect of changes in shock structure on lift-off length and blow-off conditions for non-premixed turbulent hydrogen free jet flame has been experimentally investigated. The shock structure was varied by using three types of nozzles: convergent, straight and divergent nozzles. Inlet diameters of nozzles change from 0.31 to 1.04 mm and outlet diameters from 0.34 to 1.7 mm. The static pressure and the ratio of cross-section area at the nozzle inlet to that at the outlet were varying parameters in this study. Hydrogen was horizontally spouted through a nozzle to atmosphere. The maximum static pressure in a nozzle was 13.2 MPa. The experiments revealed that when the hydrogen jet had sequential shock cell structures, which occurred in the range of p EX /p A smaller than 2.45, a higher mass flow rate of hydrogen was needed for the stabilization of a jet flame than that for p EX /p A larger than 2.45 and that when closed to the ideal expansion (p EX/ p A = 1), the mass flow rate for stable flame became maximum. In addition, it was observed that the lift-off length of stable flames followed with sequential shock cell structures were almost the same when the minimum cross-section area of used nozzles was constant. However, when hydrogen jet had a shock structure with single Mach disk, the lift-off lengths and the minimum mass flow rate required for the stable jet flame were decreasing with the decrease of the cross-sectional area ratio of the nozzle exit to inlet. Under-expanded hydrogen jet has characteristic shock structure immediately downstream of the nozzle exit. The shock structure depends on the ratio p EX /p A , i.e. the ratio of nozzle exit to ambient pressure, and the distributions of velocity and concentration in an under-expanded hydrogen jet depend on characteristics of the shock structure. Therefore, the shock structure should affect the blow-off behaviour of under-expanded hydrogen jet flame. Since this issue has not been investigated in detail, this study aims to close this knowledge gap. The effect of changes in shock structure on lift-off length and blow-off conditions for non-premixed turbulent hydrogen free jet flame has been experimentally investigated. The shock structure was varied by using three types of nozzles: convergent, straight and divergent nozzles. Inlet diameters of nozzles change from 0.31 to 1.04 mm and outlet diameters from 0.34 to 1.7 mm. The static pressure and the ratio of cross-section area at the nozzle inlet to that at the outlet were varying parameters in this study. Hydrogen was horizontally spouted through a nozzle to atmosphere. The maximum static pressure in a nozzle was 13.2 MPa. The experiments revealed that when the hydrogen jet had sequential shock cell structures, which occurred in the range of p EX /p A smaller than 2.45, a higher mass flow rate of hydrogen was needed for the stabilization of a jet flame than that for p EX /p A larger than 2.45 and that when closed to the ideal expansion (p EX/ p A = 1), the mass flow rate for stable flame became maximum. In addition, it was observed that the lift-off length of stable flames followed with sequential shock cell structures were almost the same when the minimum cross-section area of used nozzles was constant. However, when hydrogen jet had a shock structure with single Mach disk, the lift-off lengths and the minimum mass flow rate required for the stable jet flame were decreasing with the decrease of the cross-sectional area ratio of the nozzle exit to inlet. Convergent and divergent nozzles Elsevier Lift-off Elsevier Shock structure Elsevier Non-premixed turbulent flame Elsevier Under-expanded jet Elsevier Blow-off Elsevier Yamamoto, Shohei oth Sakatsume, Ryo oth Hirakawa, Shiori oth Takeda, Hiroki oth Shentsov, Volodymyr oth Makarov, Dmitriy oth Molkov, Vladimir oth Enthalten in Elsevier Dedhia, Kavita ELSEVIER External auditory canal: Inferior, posterior-inferior, and anterior canal wall overhangs 2018 official journal of the International Association for Hydrogen Energy New York, NY [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV000127019 volume:45 year:2020 number:16 day:20 month:03 pages:10145-10154 extent:10 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.01.217 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U SSG-OLC-PHA 44.94 Hals-Nasen-Ohrenheilkunde VZ AR 45 2020 16 20 0320 10145-10154 10 |
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effect of shock structure on stabilization and blow-off of hydrogen jet flames |
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Effect of shock structure on stabilization and blow-off of hydrogen jet flames |
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Under-expanded hydrogen jet has characteristic shock structure immediately downstream of the nozzle exit. The shock structure depends on the ratio p EX /p A , i.e. the ratio of nozzle exit to ambient pressure, and the distributions of velocity and concentration in an under-expanded hydrogen jet depend on characteristics of the shock structure. Therefore, the shock structure should affect the blow-off behaviour of under-expanded hydrogen jet flame. Since this issue has not been investigated in detail, this study aims to close this knowledge gap. The effect of changes in shock structure on lift-off length and blow-off conditions for non-premixed turbulent hydrogen free jet flame has been experimentally investigated. The shock structure was varied by using three types of nozzles: convergent, straight and divergent nozzles. Inlet diameters of nozzles change from 0.31 to 1.04 mm and outlet diameters from 0.34 to 1.7 mm. The static pressure and the ratio of cross-section area at the nozzle inlet to that at the outlet were varying parameters in this study. Hydrogen was horizontally spouted through a nozzle to atmosphere. The maximum static pressure in a nozzle was 13.2 MPa. The experiments revealed that when the hydrogen jet had sequential shock cell structures, which occurred in the range of p EX /p A smaller than 2.45, a higher mass flow rate of hydrogen was needed for the stabilization of a jet flame than that for p EX /p A larger than 2.45 and that when closed to the ideal expansion (p EX/ p A = 1), the mass flow rate for stable flame became maximum. In addition, it was observed that the lift-off length of stable flames followed with sequential shock cell structures were almost the same when the minimum cross-section area of used nozzles was constant. However, when hydrogen jet had a shock structure with single Mach disk, the lift-off lengths and the minimum mass flow rate required for the stable jet flame were decreasing with the decrease of the cross-sectional area ratio of the nozzle exit to inlet. |
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Under-expanded hydrogen jet has characteristic shock structure immediately downstream of the nozzle exit. The shock structure depends on the ratio p EX /p A , i.e. the ratio of nozzle exit to ambient pressure, and the distributions of velocity and concentration in an under-expanded hydrogen jet depend on characteristics of the shock structure. Therefore, the shock structure should affect the blow-off behaviour of under-expanded hydrogen jet flame. Since this issue has not been investigated in detail, this study aims to close this knowledge gap. The effect of changes in shock structure on lift-off length and blow-off conditions for non-premixed turbulent hydrogen free jet flame has been experimentally investigated. The shock structure was varied by using three types of nozzles: convergent, straight and divergent nozzles. Inlet diameters of nozzles change from 0.31 to 1.04 mm and outlet diameters from 0.34 to 1.7 mm. The static pressure and the ratio of cross-section area at the nozzle inlet to that at the outlet were varying parameters in this study. Hydrogen was horizontally spouted through a nozzle to atmosphere. The maximum static pressure in a nozzle was 13.2 MPa. The experiments revealed that when the hydrogen jet had sequential shock cell structures, which occurred in the range of p EX /p A smaller than 2.45, a higher mass flow rate of hydrogen was needed for the stabilization of a jet flame than that for p EX /p A larger than 2.45 and that when closed to the ideal expansion (p EX/ p A = 1), the mass flow rate for stable flame became maximum. In addition, it was observed that the lift-off length of stable flames followed with sequential shock cell structures were almost the same when the minimum cross-section area of used nozzles was constant. However, when hydrogen jet had a shock structure with single Mach disk, the lift-off lengths and the minimum mass flow rate required for the stable jet flame were decreasing with the decrease of the cross-sectional area ratio of the nozzle exit to inlet. |
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Under-expanded hydrogen jet has characteristic shock structure immediately downstream of the nozzle exit. The shock structure depends on the ratio p EX /p A , i.e. the ratio of nozzle exit to ambient pressure, and the distributions of velocity and concentration in an under-expanded hydrogen jet depend on characteristics of the shock structure. Therefore, the shock structure should affect the blow-off behaviour of under-expanded hydrogen jet flame. Since this issue has not been investigated in detail, this study aims to close this knowledge gap. The effect of changes in shock structure on lift-off length and blow-off conditions for non-premixed turbulent hydrogen free jet flame has been experimentally investigated. The shock structure was varied by using three types of nozzles: convergent, straight and divergent nozzles. Inlet diameters of nozzles change from 0.31 to 1.04 mm and outlet diameters from 0.34 to 1.7 mm. The static pressure and the ratio of cross-section area at the nozzle inlet to that at the outlet were varying parameters in this study. Hydrogen was horizontally spouted through a nozzle to atmosphere. The maximum static pressure in a nozzle was 13.2 MPa. The experiments revealed that when the hydrogen jet had sequential shock cell structures, which occurred in the range of p EX /p A smaller than 2.45, a higher mass flow rate of hydrogen was needed for the stabilization of a jet flame than that for p EX /p A larger than 2.45 and that when closed to the ideal expansion (p EX/ p A = 1), the mass flow rate for stable flame became maximum. In addition, it was observed that the lift-off length of stable flames followed with sequential shock cell structures were almost the same when the minimum cross-section area of used nozzles was constant. However, when hydrogen jet had a shock structure with single Mach disk, the lift-off lengths and the minimum mass flow rate required for the stable jet flame were decreasing with the decrease of the cross-sectional area ratio of the nozzle exit to inlet. |
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim"><record><leader>01000caa a22002652 4500</leader><controlfield tag="001">ELV049611240</controlfield><controlfield tag="003">DE-627</controlfield><controlfield tag="005">20230626024748.0</controlfield><controlfield tag="007">cr uuu---uuuuu</controlfield><controlfield tag="008">200518s2020 xx |||||o 00| ||eng c</controlfield><datafield tag="024" ind1="7" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.01.217</subfield><subfield code="2">doi</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="028" ind1="5" ind2="2"><subfield code="a">/cbs_pica/cbs_olc/import_discovery/elsevier/einzuspielen/GBV00000000000935.pica</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-627)ELV049611240</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(ELSEVIER)S0360-3199(20)30395-5</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="040" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-627</subfield><subfield code="b">ger</subfield><subfield code="c">DE-627</subfield><subfield code="e">rakwb</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="041" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">eng</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="082" ind1="0" ind2="4"><subfield code="a">610</subfield><subfield code="q">VZ</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">44.94</subfield><subfield code="2">bkl</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="100" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Takeno, Keiji</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Effect of shock structure on stabilization and blow-off of hydrogen jet flames</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="c">2020transfer abstract</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="300" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">10</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">nicht spezifiziert</subfield><subfield code="b">zzz</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">nicht spezifiziert</subfield><subfield code="b">z</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">nicht spezifiziert</subfield><subfield code="b">zu</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Under-expanded hydrogen jet has characteristic shock structure immediately downstream of the nozzle exit. 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Hydrogen was horizontally spouted through a nozzle to atmosphere. The maximum static pressure in a nozzle was 13.2 MPa. The experiments revealed that when the hydrogen jet had sequential shock cell structures, which occurred in the range of p EX /p A smaller than 2.45, a higher mass flow rate of hydrogen was needed for the stabilization of a jet flame than that for p EX /p A larger than 2.45 and that when closed to the ideal expansion (p EX/ p A = 1), the mass flow rate for stable flame became maximum. In addition, it was observed that the lift-off length of stable flames followed with sequential shock cell structures were almost the same when the minimum cross-section area of used nozzles was constant. However, when hydrogen jet had a shock structure with single Mach disk, the lift-off lengths and the minimum mass flow rate required for the stable jet flame were decreasing with the decrease of the cross-sectional area ratio of the nozzle exit to inlet.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Under-expanded hydrogen jet has characteristic shock structure immediately downstream of the nozzle exit. The shock structure depends on the ratio p EX /p A , i.e. the ratio of nozzle exit to ambient pressure, and the distributions of velocity and concentration in an under-expanded hydrogen jet depend on characteristics of the shock structure. Therefore, the shock structure should affect the blow-off behaviour of under-expanded hydrogen jet flame. Since this issue has not been investigated in detail, this study aims to close this knowledge gap. The effect of changes in shock structure on lift-off length and blow-off conditions for non-premixed turbulent hydrogen free jet flame has been experimentally investigated. The shock structure was varied by using three types of nozzles: convergent, straight and divergent nozzles. Inlet diameters of nozzles change from 0.31 to 1.04 mm and outlet diameters from 0.34 to 1.7 mm. The static pressure and the ratio of cross-section area at the nozzle inlet to that at the outlet were varying parameters in this study. Hydrogen was horizontally spouted through a nozzle to atmosphere. The maximum static pressure in a nozzle was 13.2 MPa. The experiments revealed that when the hydrogen jet had sequential shock cell structures, which occurred in the range of p EX /p A smaller than 2.45, a higher mass flow rate of hydrogen was needed for the stabilization of a jet flame than that for p EX /p A larger than 2.45 and that when closed to the ideal expansion (p EX/ p A = 1), the mass flow rate for stable flame became maximum. In addition, it was observed that the lift-off length of stable flames followed with sequential shock cell structures were almost the same when the minimum cross-section area of used nozzles was constant. 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