de la Guérinière was right: Shoulder-in is beneficial for the physical and mental states of horses
Lateral exercises are commonly practiced in equitation. Studies on the influence of these exercises on horses' emotional responses are scarce. This study investigated equine behavioral and physiological responses to lateral exercises. Forty horses (11 ± 4 years old) and two riders (one professi...
Ausführliche Beschreibung
Gespeichert in:
| Autor*in: |
Mendonça, Tiago [verfasserIn] |
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| Format: |
E-Artikel |
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| Sprache: |
Englisch |
| Erschienen: |
2020transfer abstract |
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| Schlagwörter: |
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| Umfang: |
7 |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
Enthalten in: A simple carbon dots based method to discriminate doxycycline, chlortetracycline from tetracyclines - Wang, Jinping ELSEVIER, 2022, clinical applications and research, Amsterdam [u.a.] |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:38 ; year:2020 ; pages:14-20 ; extent:7 |
| Links: |
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| DOI / URN: |
10.1016/j.jveb.2020.05.003 |
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ELV051135299 |
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| 520 | |a Lateral exercises are commonly practiced in equitation. Studies on the influence of these exercises on horses' emotional responses are scarce. This study investigated equine behavioral and physiological responses to lateral exercises. Forty horses (11 ± 4 years old) and two riders (one professional and one amateur) were involved in the research. Two sessions of approximately 10 minutes each were performed. In session 1, longitudinal exercises were performed at three gaits: walk, trot, and canter. In session 2, horses performed a lateral exercise (shoulder-in) at the three gaits. To study autonomic nervous system activity, heart rate variability was assessed using heart rate (HR), low-frequency/high-frequency ratio (LF/HF), and very-low-frequency (VLF) data. Behaviors previously associated with a horse's lack of attention (looking around frequency [LAF]) and relaxation (playing with/chewing the bit duration [PCB]) were collected. LAF was significantly highest in session 1 (P < 0.001). PCB was significantly highest in session 2 (P < 0.01). In session 2, HR was significantly higher with the professional rider (P < 0.05). A trend was observed for LF/HF (P = 0.066), which was 2.3 times higher in session 1 than in session 2 with the amateur rider and higher in session 1 than in session 2 independent of the rider. A trend was observed for VLF (P = 0.053), which was lowest in session 2. These results showed longitudinal exercise was associated with increased sympathetic activity and distraction, while lateral exercise was associated with increased parasympathetic activity and relaxation. Thus, lateral exercises may be used to manage stress-related responses during training sessions, especially with lower-level riders. | ||
| 520 | |a Lateral exercises are commonly practiced in equitation. Studies on the influence of these exercises on horses' emotional responses are scarce. This study investigated equine behavioral and physiological responses to lateral exercises. Forty horses (11 ± 4 years old) and two riders (one professional and one amateur) were involved in the research. Two sessions of approximately 10 minutes each were performed. In session 1, longitudinal exercises were performed at three gaits: walk, trot, and canter. In session 2, horses performed a lateral exercise (shoulder-in) at the three gaits. To study autonomic nervous system activity, heart rate variability was assessed using heart rate (HR), low-frequency/high-frequency ratio (LF/HF), and very-low-frequency (VLF) data. Behaviors previously associated with a horse's lack of attention (looking around frequency [LAF]) and relaxation (playing with/chewing the bit duration [PCB]) were collected. LAF was significantly highest in session 1 (P < 0.001). PCB was significantly highest in session 2 (P < 0.01). In session 2, HR was significantly higher with the professional rider (P < 0.05). A trend was observed for LF/HF (P = 0.066), which was 2.3 times higher in session 1 than in session 2 with the amateur rider and higher in session 1 than in session 2 independent of the rider. A trend was observed for VLF (P = 0.053), which was lowest in session 2. These results showed longitudinal exercise was associated with increased sympathetic activity and distraction, while lateral exercise was associated with increased parasympathetic activity and relaxation. Thus, lateral exercises may be used to manage stress-related responses during training sessions, especially with lower-level riders. | ||
| 650 | 7 | |a horse |2 Elsevier | |
| 650 | 7 | |a performance |2 Elsevier | |
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| 700 | 1 | |a Bienboire-Frosini, Cécile |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Sanchez, Nicolas |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Kowalczyk, Izabela |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Teruel, Eva |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Descout, Estelle |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Pageat, Patrick |4 oth | |
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10.1016/j.jveb.2020.05.003 doi /cbs_pica/cbs_olc/import_discovery/elsevier/einzuspielen/GBV00000000001452.pica (DE-627)ELV051135299 (ELSEVIER)S1558-7878(20)30045-9 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 540 VZ 35.40 bkl Mendonça, Tiago verfasserin aut de la Guérinière was right: Shoulder-in is beneficial for the physical and mental states of horses 2020transfer abstract 7 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier Lateral exercises are commonly practiced in equitation. Studies on the influence of these exercises on horses' emotional responses are scarce. This study investigated equine behavioral and physiological responses to lateral exercises. Forty horses (11 ± 4 years old) and two riders (one professional and one amateur) were involved in the research. Two sessions of approximately 10 minutes each were performed. In session 1, longitudinal exercises were performed at three gaits: walk, trot, and canter. In session 2, horses performed a lateral exercise (shoulder-in) at the three gaits. To study autonomic nervous system activity, heart rate variability was assessed using heart rate (HR), low-frequency/high-frequency ratio (LF/HF), and very-low-frequency (VLF) data. Behaviors previously associated with a horse's lack of attention (looking around frequency [LAF]) and relaxation (playing with/chewing the bit duration [PCB]) were collected. LAF was significantly highest in session 1 (P < 0.001). PCB was significantly highest in session 2 (P < 0.01). In session 2, HR was significantly higher with the professional rider (P < 0.05). A trend was observed for LF/HF (P = 0.066), which was 2.3 times higher in session 1 than in session 2 with the amateur rider and higher in session 1 than in session 2 independent of the rider. A trend was observed for VLF (P = 0.053), which was lowest in session 2. These results showed longitudinal exercise was associated with increased sympathetic activity and distraction, while lateral exercise was associated with increased parasympathetic activity and relaxation. Thus, lateral exercises may be used to manage stress-related responses during training sessions, especially with lower-level riders. Lateral exercises are commonly practiced in equitation. Studies on the influence of these exercises on horses' emotional responses are scarce. This study investigated equine behavioral and physiological responses to lateral exercises. Forty horses (11 ± 4 years old) and two riders (one professional and one amateur) were involved in the research. Two sessions of approximately 10 minutes each were performed. In session 1, longitudinal exercises were performed at three gaits: walk, trot, and canter. In session 2, horses performed a lateral exercise (shoulder-in) at the three gaits. To study autonomic nervous system activity, heart rate variability was assessed using heart rate (HR), low-frequency/high-frequency ratio (LF/HF), and very-low-frequency (VLF) data. Behaviors previously associated with a horse's lack of attention (looking around frequency [LAF]) and relaxation (playing with/chewing the bit duration [PCB]) were collected. LAF was significantly highest in session 1 (P < 0.001). PCB was significantly highest in session 2 (P < 0.01). In session 2, HR was significantly higher with the professional rider (P < 0.05). A trend was observed for LF/HF (P = 0.066), which was 2.3 times higher in session 1 than in session 2 with the amateur rider and higher in session 1 than in session 2 independent of the rider. A trend was observed for VLF (P = 0.053), which was lowest in session 2. These results showed longitudinal exercise was associated with increased sympathetic activity and distraction, while lateral exercise was associated with increased parasympathetic activity and relaxation. Thus, lateral exercises may be used to manage stress-related responses during training sessions, especially with lower-level riders. horse Elsevier performance Elsevier equitation science Elsevier welfare Elsevier rider Elsevier Bienboire-Frosini, Cécile oth Sanchez, Nicolas oth Kowalczyk, Izabela oth Teruel, Eva oth Descout, Estelle oth Pageat, Patrick oth Enthalten in Elsevier Wang, Jinping ELSEVIER A simple carbon dots based method to discriminate doxycycline, chlortetracycline from tetracyclines 2022 clinical applications and research Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV008669058 volume:38 year:2020 pages:14-20 extent:7 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jveb.2020.05.003 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U 35.40 Anorganische Chemie: Allgemeines VZ AR 38 2020 14-20 7 |
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10.1016/j.jveb.2020.05.003 doi /cbs_pica/cbs_olc/import_discovery/elsevier/einzuspielen/GBV00000000001452.pica (DE-627)ELV051135299 (ELSEVIER)S1558-7878(20)30045-9 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 540 VZ 35.40 bkl Mendonça, Tiago verfasserin aut de la Guérinière was right: Shoulder-in is beneficial for the physical and mental states of horses 2020transfer abstract 7 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier Lateral exercises are commonly practiced in equitation. Studies on the influence of these exercises on horses' emotional responses are scarce. This study investigated equine behavioral and physiological responses to lateral exercises. Forty horses (11 ± 4 years old) and two riders (one professional and one amateur) were involved in the research. Two sessions of approximately 10 minutes each were performed. In session 1, longitudinal exercises were performed at three gaits: walk, trot, and canter. In session 2, horses performed a lateral exercise (shoulder-in) at the three gaits. To study autonomic nervous system activity, heart rate variability was assessed using heart rate (HR), low-frequency/high-frequency ratio (LF/HF), and very-low-frequency (VLF) data. Behaviors previously associated with a horse's lack of attention (looking around frequency [LAF]) and relaxation (playing with/chewing the bit duration [PCB]) were collected. LAF was significantly highest in session 1 (P < 0.001). PCB was significantly highest in session 2 (P < 0.01). In session 2, HR was significantly higher with the professional rider (P < 0.05). A trend was observed for LF/HF (P = 0.066), which was 2.3 times higher in session 1 than in session 2 with the amateur rider and higher in session 1 than in session 2 independent of the rider. A trend was observed for VLF (P = 0.053), which was lowest in session 2. These results showed longitudinal exercise was associated with increased sympathetic activity and distraction, while lateral exercise was associated with increased parasympathetic activity and relaxation. Thus, lateral exercises may be used to manage stress-related responses during training sessions, especially with lower-level riders. Lateral exercises are commonly practiced in equitation. Studies on the influence of these exercises on horses' emotional responses are scarce. This study investigated equine behavioral and physiological responses to lateral exercises. Forty horses (11 ± 4 years old) and two riders (one professional and one amateur) were involved in the research. Two sessions of approximately 10 minutes each were performed. In session 1, longitudinal exercises were performed at three gaits: walk, trot, and canter. In session 2, horses performed a lateral exercise (shoulder-in) at the three gaits. To study autonomic nervous system activity, heart rate variability was assessed using heart rate (HR), low-frequency/high-frequency ratio (LF/HF), and very-low-frequency (VLF) data. Behaviors previously associated with a horse's lack of attention (looking around frequency [LAF]) and relaxation (playing with/chewing the bit duration [PCB]) were collected. LAF was significantly highest in session 1 (P < 0.001). PCB was significantly highest in session 2 (P < 0.01). In session 2, HR was significantly higher with the professional rider (P < 0.05). A trend was observed for LF/HF (P = 0.066), which was 2.3 times higher in session 1 than in session 2 with the amateur rider and higher in session 1 than in session 2 independent of the rider. A trend was observed for VLF (P = 0.053), which was lowest in session 2. These results showed longitudinal exercise was associated with increased sympathetic activity and distraction, while lateral exercise was associated with increased parasympathetic activity and relaxation. Thus, lateral exercises may be used to manage stress-related responses during training sessions, especially with lower-level riders. horse Elsevier performance Elsevier equitation science Elsevier welfare Elsevier rider Elsevier Bienboire-Frosini, Cécile oth Sanchez, Nicolas oth Kowalczyk, Izabela oth Teruel, Eva oth Descout, Estelle oth Pageat, Patrick oth Enthalten in Elsevier Wang, Jinping ELSEVIER A simple carbon dots based method to discriminate doxycycline, chlortetracycline from tetracyclines 2022 clinical applications and research Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV008669058 volume:38 year:2020 pages:14-20 extent:7 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jveb.2020.05.003 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U 35.40 Anorganische Chemie: Allgemeines VZ AR 38 2020 14-20 7 |
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10.1016/j.jveb.2020.05.003 doi /cbs_pica/cbs_olc/import_discovery/elsevier/einzuspielen/GBV00000000001452.pica (DE-627)ELV051135299 (ELSEVIER)S1558-7878(20)30045-9 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 540 VZ 35.40 bkl Mendonça, Tiago verfasserin aut de la Guérinière was right: Shoulder-in is beneficial for the physical and mental states of horses 2020transfer abstract 7 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier Lateral exercises are commonly practiced in equitation. Studies on the influence of these exercises on horses' emotional responses are scarce. This study investigated equine behavioral and physiological responses to lateral exercises. Forty horses (11 ± 4 years old) and two riders (one professional and one amateur) were involved in the research. Two sessions of approximately 10 minutes each were performed. In session 1, longitudinal exercises were performed at three gaits: walk, trot, and canter. In session 2, horses performed a lateral exercise (shoulder-in) at the three gaits. To study autonomic nervous system activity, heart rate variability was assessed using heart rate (HR), low-frequency/high-frequency ratio (LF/HF), and very-low-frequency (VLF) data. Behaviors previously associated with a horse's lack of attention (looking around frequency [LAF]) and relaxation (playing with/chewing the bit duration [PCB]) were collected. LAF was significantly highest in session 1 (P < 0.001). PCB was significantly highest in session 2 (P < 0.01). In session 2, HR was significantly higher with the professional rider (P < 0.05). A trend was observed for LF/HF (P = 0.066), which was 2.3 times higher in session 1 than in session 2 with the amateur rider and higher in session 1 than in session 2 independent of the rider. A trend was observed for VLF (P = 0.053), which was lowest in session 2. These results showed longitudinal exercise was associated with increased sympathetic activity and distraction, while lateral exercise was associated with increased parasympathetic activity and relaxation. Thus, lateral exercises may be used to manage stress-related responses during training sessions, especially with lower-level riders. Lateral exercises are commonly practiced in equitation. Studies on the influence of these exercises on horses' emotional responses are scarce. This study investigated equine behavioral and physiological responses to lateral exercises. Forty horses (11 ± 4 years old) and two riders (one professional and one amateur) were involved in the research. Two sessions of approximately 10 minutes each were performed. In session 1, longitudinal exercises were performed at three gaits: walk, trot, and canter. In session 2, horses performed a lateral exercise (shoulder-in) at the three gaits. To study autonomic nervous system activity, heart rate variability was assessed using heart rate (HR), low-frequency/high-frequency ratio (LF/HF), and very-low-frequency (VLF) data. Behaviors previously associated with a horse's lack of attention (looking around frequency [LAF]) and relaxation (playing with/chewing the bit duration [PCB]) were collected. LAF was significantly highest in session 1 (P < 0.001). PCB was significantly highest in session 2 (P < 0.01). In session 2, HR was significantly higher with the professional rider (P < 0.05). A trend was observed for LF/HF (P = 0.066), which was 2.3 times higher in session 1 than in session 2 with the amateur rider and higher in session 1 than in session 2 independent of the rider. A trend was observed for VLF (P = 0.053), which was lowest in session 2. These results showed longitudinal exercise was associated with increased sympathetic activity and distraction, while lateral exercise was associated with increased parasympathetic activity and relaxation. Thus, lateral exercises may be used to manage stress-related responses during training sessions, especially with lower-level riders. horse Elsevier performance Elsevier equitation science Elsevier welfare Elsevier rider Elsevier Bienboire-Frosini, Cécile oth Sanchez, Nicolas oth Kowalczyk, Izabela oth Teruel, Eva oth Descout, Estelle oth Pageat, Patrick oth Enthalten in Elsevier Wang, Jinping ELSEVIER A simple carbon dots based method to discriminate doxycycline, chlortetracycline from tetracyclines 2022 clinical applications and research Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV008669058 volume:38 year:2020 pages:14-20 extent:7 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jveb.2020.05.003 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U 35.40 Anorganische Chemie: Allgemeines VZ AR 38 2020 14-20 7 |
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10.1016/j.jveb.2020.05.003 doi /cbs_pica/cbs_olc/import_discovery/elsevier/einzuspielen/GBV00000000001452.pica (DE-627)ELV051135299 (ELSEVIER)S1558-7878(20)30045-9 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 540 VZ 35.40 bkl Mendonça, Tiago verfasserin aut de la Guérinière was right: Shoulder-in is beneficial for the physical and mental states of horses 2020transfer abstract 7 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier Lateral exercises are commonly practiced in equitation. Studies on the influence of these exercises on horses' emotional responses are scarce. This study investigated equine behavioral and physiological responses to lateral exercises. Forty horses (11 ± 4 years old) and two riders (one professional and one amateur) were involved in the research. Two sessions of approximately 10 minutes each were performed. In session 1, longitudinal exercises were performed at three gaits: walk, trot, and canter. In session 2, horses performed a lateral exercise (shoulder-in) at the three gaits. To study autonomic nervous system activity, heart rate variability was assessed using heart rate (HR), low-frequency/high-frequency ratio (LF/HF), and very-low-frequency (VLF) data. Behaviors previously associated with a horse's lack of attention (looking around frequency [LAF]) and relaxation (playing with/chewing the bit duration [PCB]) were collected. LAF was significantly highest in session 1 (P < 0.001). PCB was significantly highest in session 2 (P < 0.01). In session 2, HR was significantly higher with the professional rider (P < 0.05). A trend was observed for LF/HF (P = 0.066), which was 2.3 times higher in session 1 than in session 2 with the amateur rider and higher in session 1 than in session 2 independent of the rider. A trend was observed for VLF (P = 0.053), which was lowest in session 2. These results showed longitudinal exercise was associated with increased sympathetic activity and distraction, while lateral exercise was associated with increased parasympathetic activity and relaxation. Thus, lateral exercises may be used to manage stress-related responses during training sessions, especially with lower-level riders. Lateral exercises are commonly practiced in equitation. Studies on the influence of these exercises on horses' emotional responses are scarce. This study investigated equine behavioral and physiological responses to lateral exercises. Forty horses (11 ± 4 years old) and two riders (one professional and one amateur) were involved in the research. Two sessions of approximately 10 minutes each were performed. In session 1, longitudinal exercises were performed at three gaits: walk, trot, and canter. In session 2, horses performed a lateral exercise (shoulder-in) at the three gaits. To study autonomic nervous system activity, heart rate variability was assessed using heart rate (HR), low-frequency/high-frequency ratio (LF/HF), and very-low-frequency (VLF) data. Behaviors previously associated with a horse's lack of attention (looking around frequency [LAF]) and relaxation (playing with/chewing the bit duration [PCB]) were collected. LAF was significantly highest in session 1 (P < 0.001). PCB was significantly highest in session 2 (P < 0.01). In session 2, HR was significantly higher with the professional rider (P < 0.05). A trend was observed for LF/HF (P = 0.066), which was 2.3 times higher in session 1 than in session 2 with the amateur rider and higher in session 1 than in session 2 independent of the rider. A trend was observed for VLF (P = 0.053), which was lowest in session 2. These results showed longitudinal exercise was associated with increased sympathetic activity and distraction, while lateral exercise was associated with increased parasympathetic activity and relaxation. Thus, lateral exercises may be used to manage stress-related responses during training sessions, especially with lower-level riders. horse Elsevier performance Elsevier equitation science Elsevier welfare Elsevier rider Elsevier Bienboire-Frosini, Cécile oth Sanchez, Nicolas oth Kowalczyk, Izabela oth Teruel, Eva oth Descout, Estelle oth Pageat, Patrick oth Enthalten in Elsevier Wang, Jinping ELSEVIER A simple carbon dots based method to discriminate doxycycline, chlortetracycline from tetracyclines 2022 clinical applications and research Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV008669058 volume:38 year:2020 pages:14-20 extent:7 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jveb.2020.05.003 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U 35.40 Anorganische Chemie: Allgemeines VZ AR 38 2020 14-20 7 |
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10.1016/j.jveb.2020.05.003 doi /cbs_pica/cbs_olc/import_discovery/elsevier/einzuspielen/GBV00000000001452.pica (DE-627)ELV051135299 (ELSEVIER)S1558-7878(20)30045-9 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 540 VZ 35.40 bkl Mendonça, Tiago verfasserin aut de la Guérinière was right: Shoulder-in is beneficial for the physical and mental states of horses 2020transfer abstract 7 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier Lateral exercises are commonly practiced in equitation. Studies on the influence of these exercises on horses' emotional responses are scarce. This study investigated equine behavioral and physiological responses to lateral exercises. Forty horses (11 ± 4 years old) and two riders (one professional and one amateur) were involved in the research. Two sessions of approximately 10 minutes each were performed. In session 1, longitudinal exercises were performed at three gaits: walk, trot, and canter. In session 2, horses performed a lateral exercise (shoulder-in) at the three gaits. To study autonomic nervous system activity, heart rate variability was assessed using heart rate (HR), low-frequency/high-frequency ratio (LF/HF), and very-low-frequency (VLF) data. Behaviors previously associated with a horse's lack of attention (looking around frequency [LAF]) and relaxation (playing with/chewing the bit duration [PCB]) were collected. LAF was significantly highest in session 1 (P < 0.001). PCB was significantly highest in session 2 (P < 0.01). In session 2, HR was significantly higher with the professional rider (P < 0.05). A trend was observed for LF/HF (P = 0.066), which was 2.3 times higher in session 1 than in session 2 with the amateur rider and higher in session 1 than in session 2 independent of the rider. A trend was observed for VLF (P = 0.053), which was lowest in session 2. These results showed longitudinal exercise was associated with increased sympathetic activity and distraction, while lateral exercise was associated with increased parasympathetic activity and relaxation. Thus, lateral exercises may be used to manage stress-related responses during training sessions, especially with lower-level riders. Lateral exercises are commonly practiced in equitation. Studies on the influence of these exercises on horses' emotional responses are scarce. This study investigated equine behavioral and physiological responses to lateral exercises. Forty horses (11 ± 4 years old) and two riders (one professional and one amateur) were involved in the research. Two sessions of approximately 10 minutes each were performed. In session 1, longitudinal exercises were performed at three gaits: walk, trot, and canter. In session 2, horses performed a lateral exercise (shoulder-in) at the three gaits. To study autonomic nervous system activity, heart rate variability was assessed using heart rate (HR), low-frequency/high-frequency ratio (LF/HF), and very-low-frequency (VLF) data. Behaviors previously associated with a horse's lack of attention (looking around frequency [LAF]) and relaxation (playing with/chewing the bit duration [PCB]) were collected. LAF was significantly highest in session 1 (P < 0.001). PCB was significantly highest in session 2 (P < 0.01). In session 2, HR was significantly higher with the professional rider (P < 0.05). A trend was observed for LF/HF (P = 0.066), which was 2.3 times higher in session 1 than in session 2 with the amateur rider and higher in session 1 than in session 2 independent of the rider. A trend was observed for VLF (P = 0.053), which was lowest in session 2. These results showed longitudinal exercise was associated with increased sympathetic activity and distraction, while lateral exercise was associated with increased parasympathetic activity and relaxation. Thus, lateral exercises may be used to manage stress-related responses during training sessions, especially with lower-level riders. horse Elsevier performance Elsevier equitation science Elsevier welfare Elsevier rider Elsevier Bienboire-Frosini, Cécile oth Sanchez, Nicolas oth Kowalczyk, Izabela oth Teruel, Eva oth Descout, Estelle oth Pageat, Patrick oth Enthalten in Elsevier Wang, Jinping ELSEVIER A simple carbon dots based method to discriminate doxycycline, chlortetracycline from tetracyclines 2022 clinical applications and research Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV008669058 volume:38 year:2020 pages:14-20 extent:7 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jveb.2020.05.003 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U 35.40 Anorganische Chemie: Allgemeines VZ AR 38 2020 14-20 7 |
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de la guérinière was right: shoulder-in is beneficial for the physical and mental states of horses |
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de la Guérinière was right: Shoulder-in is beneficial for the physical and mental states of horses |
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Lateral exercises are commonly practiced in equitation. Studies on the influence of these exercises on horses' emotional responses are scarce. This study investigated equine behavioral and physiological responses to lateral exercises. Forty horses (11 ± 4 years old) and two riders (one professional and one amateur) were involved in the research. Two sessions of approximately 10 minutes each were performed. In session 1, longitudinal exercises were performed at three gaits: walk, trot, and canter. In session 2, horses performed a lateral exercise (shoulder-in) at the three gaits. To study autonomic nervous system activity, heart rate variability was assessed using heart rate (HR), low-frequency/high-frequency ratio (LF/HF), and very-low-frequency (VLF) data. Behaviors previously associated with a horse's lack of attention (looking around frequency [LAF]) and relaxation (playing with/chewing the bit duration [PCB]) were collected. LAF was significantly highest in session 1 (P < 0.001). PCB was significantly highest in session 2 (P < 0.01). In session 2, HR was significantly higher with the professional rider (P < 0.05). A trend was observed for LF/HF (P = 0.066), which was 2.3 times higher in session 1 than in session 2 with the amateur rider and higher in session 1 than in session 2 independent of the rider. A trend was observed for VLF (P = 0.053), which was lowest in session 2. These results showed longitudinal exercise was associated with increased sympathetic activity and distraction, while lateral exercise was associated with increased parasympathetic activity and relaxation. Thus, lateral exercises may be used to manage stress-related responses during training sessions, especially with lower-level riders. |
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Lateral exercises are commonly practiced in equitation. Studies on the influence of these exercises on horses' emotional responses are scarce. This study investigated equine behavioral and physiological responses to lateral exercises. Forty horses (11 ± 4 years old) and two riders (one professional and one amateur) were involved in the research. Two sessions of approximately 10 minutes each were performed. In session 1, longitudinal exercises were performed at three gaits: walk, trot, and canter. In session 2, horses performed a lateral exercise (shoulder-in) at the three gaits. To study autonomic nervous system activity, heart rate variability was assessed using heart rate (HR), low-frequency/high-frequency ratio (LF/HF), and very-low-frequency (VLF) data. Behaviors previously associated with a horse's lack of attention (looking around frequency [LAF]) and relaxation (playing with/chewing the bit duration [PCB]) were collected. LAF was significantly highest in session 1 (P < 0.001). PCB was significantly highest in session 2 (P < 0.01). In session 2, HR was significantly higher with the professional rider (P < 0.05). A trend was observed for LF/HF (P = 0.066), which was 2.3 times higher in session 1 than in session 2 with the amateur rider and higher in session 1 than in session 2 independent of the rider. A trend was observed for VLF (P = 0.053), which was lowest in session 2. These results showed longitudinal exercise was associated with increased sympathetic activity and distraction, while lateral exercise was associated with increased parasympathetic activity and relaxation. Thus, lateral exercises may be used to manage stress-related responses during training sessions, especially with lower-level riders. |
| abstract_unstemmed |
Lateral exercises are commonly practiced in equitation. Studies on the influence of these exercises on horses' emotional responses are scarce. This study investigated equine behavioral and physiological responses to lateral exercises. Forty horses (11 ± 4 years old) and two riders (one professional and one amateur) were involved in the research. Two sessions of approximately 10 minutes each were performed. In session 1, longitudinal exercises were performed at three gaits: walk, trot, and canter. In session 2, horses performed a lateral exercise (shoulder-in) at the three gaits. To study autonomic nervous system activity, heart rate variability was assessed using heart rate (HR), low-frequency/high-frequency ratio (LF/HF), and very-low-frequency (VLF) data. Behaviors previously associated with a horse's lack of attention (looking around frequency [LAF]) and relaxation (playing with/chewing the bit duration [PCB]) were collected. LAF was significantly highest in session 1 (P < 0.001). PCB was significantly highest in session 2 (P < 0.01). In session 2, HR was significantly higher with the professional rider (P < 0.05). A trend was observed for LF/HF (P = 0.066), which was 2.3 times higher in session 1 than in session 2 with the amateur rider and higher in session 1 than in session 2 independent of the rider. A trend was observed for VLF (P = 0.053), which was lowest in session 2. These results showed longitudinal exercise was associated with increased sympathetic activity and distraction, while lateral exercise was associated with increased parasympathetic activity and relaxation. Thus, lateral exercises may be used to manage stress-related responses during training sessions, especially with lower-level riders. |
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de la Guérinière was right: Shoulder-in is beneficial for the physical and mental states of horses |
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