Experimental investigation of combustion modes and transition mechanism in confined combustion chamber
In the present work, different combustion modes and the transition mechanism were experimentally investigated in a confined combustion chamber. A H2–O2–N2 mixture with variable oxygen concentration was used as test fuel. Different numbers of perforated plates with varying porosities were employed to...
Ausführliche Beschreibung
Autor*in: |
Zhao, Jianfu [verfasserIn] |
---|
Format: |
E-Artikel |
---|---|
Sprache: |
Englisch |
Erschienen: |
2021transfer abstract |
---|
Übergeordnetes Werk: |
Enthalten in: Methods for detecting change in hydrochemical time series in response to targeted pollutant mitigation in river catchments - Lloyd, C.E.M. ELSEVIER, 2014, the journal of the Combustion Institute, Amsterdam [u.a.] |
---|---|
Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:230 ; year:2021 ; pages:0 |
Links: |
---|
DOI / URN: |
10.1016/j.combustflame.2021.111451 |
---|
Katalog-ID: |
ELV05440522X |
---|
LEADER | 01000caa a22002652 4500 | ||
---|---|---|---|
001 | ELV05440522X | ||
003 | DE-627 | ||
005 | 20230626040207.0 | ||
007 | cr uuu---uuuuu | ||
008 | 210910s2021 xx |||||o 00| ||eng c | ||
024 | 7 | |a 10.1016/j.combustflame.2021.111451 |2 doi | |
028 | 5 | 2 | |a /cbs_pica/cbs_olc/import_discovery/elsevier/einzuspielen/GBV00000000001629.pica |
035 | |a (DE-627)ELV05440522X | ||
035 | |a (ELSEVIER)S0010-2180(21)00191-7 | ||
040 | |a DE-627 |b ger |c DE-627 |e rakwb | ||
041 | |a eng | ||
082 | 0 | 4 | |a 690 |q VZ |
082 | 0 | 4 | |a 610 |q VZ |
084 | |a 74.00 |2 bkl | ||
084 | |a 44.73 |2 bkl | ||
100 | 1 | |a Zhao, Jianfu |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
245 | 1 | 0 | |a Experimental investigation of combustion modes and transition mechanism in confined combustion chamber |
264 | 1 | |c 2021transfer abstract | |
336 | |a nicht spezifiziert |b zzz |2 rdacontent | ||
337 | |a nicht spezifiziert |b z |2 rdamedia | ||
338 | |a nicht spezifiziert |b zu |2 rdacarrier | ||
520 | |a In the present work, different combustion modes and the transition mechanism were experimentally investigated in a confined combustion chamber. A H2–O2–N2 mixture with variable oxygen concentration was used as test fuel. Different numbers of perforated plates with varying porosities were employed to change the flame propagation velocity. Depending on the initial thermodynamic conditions, four types of combustion modes were observed: normal combustion (mode 1), end-gas autoignition without detonation (mode 2), end-wall detonation (mode 3), and side-wall detonation (mode 4). It was found that with the transition of the combustion mode from mode 1 to mode 4, the overall level of pressure and pressure oscillation increased due to autoignition and detonation. Moreover, the effects of ignition delay time and flame propagation velocity on the combustion mode transition were studied. With increasing oxygen concentration, the ignition delay time was shortened, and the flame propagation was accelerated, which consequently caused the combustion mode to evolve from mode 1 to mode 4. In addition, different perforated plate configurations were employed to separately investigate the effects of the flame propagation velocity on the combustion mode transition. In summary, the combustion mode was jointly affected by the ignition delay time and flame propagation velocity. Both a shorter ignition delay time and a higher flame propagation velocity were favorable for the occurrence of autoignition and detonation. | ||
520 | |a In the present work, different combustion modes and the transition mechanism were experimentally investigated in a confined combustion chamber. A H2–O2–N2 mixture with variable oxygen concentration was used as test fuel. Different numbers of perforated plates with varying porosities were employed to change the flame propagation velocity. Depending on the initial thermodynamic conditions, four types of combustion modes were observed: normal combustion (mode 1), end-gas autoignition without detonation (mode 2), end-wall detonation (mode 3), and side-wall detonation (mode 4). It was found that with the transition of the combustion mode from mode 1 to mode 4, the overall level of pressure and pressure oscillation increased due to autoignition and detonation. Moreover, the effects of ignition delay time and flame propagation velocity on the combustion mode transition were studied. With increasing oxygen concentration, the ignition delay time was shortened, and the flame propagation was accelerated, which consequently caused the combustion mode to evolve from mode 1 to mode 4. In addition, different perforated plate configurations were employed to separately investigate the effects of the flame propagation velocity on the combustion mode transition. In summary, the combustion mode was jointly affected by the ignition delay time and flame propagation velocity. Both a shorter ignition delay time and a higher flame propagation velocity were favorable for the occurrence of autoignition and detonation. | ||
700 | 1 | |a Zhou, Lei |4 oth | |
700 | 1 | |a Zhang, Xiaojun |4 oth | |
700 | 1 | |a Li, Kuangdi |4 oth | |
700 | 1 | |a Wei, Haiqiao |4 oth | |
773 | 0 | 8 | |i Enthalten in |n Elsevier Science |a Lloyd, C.E.M. ELSEVIER |t Methods for detecting change in hydrochemical time series in response to targeted pollutant mitigation in river catchments |d 2014 |d the journal of the Combustion Institute |g Amsterdam [u.a.] |w (DE-627)ELV018057144 |
773 | 1 | 8 | |g volume:230 |g year:2021 |g pages:0 |
856 | 4 | 0 | |u https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2021.111451 |3 Volltext |
912 | |a GBV_USEFLAG_U | ||
912 | |a GBV_ELV | ||
912 | |a SYSFLAG_U | ||
912 | |a SSG-OLC-PHA | ||
912 | |a SSG-OPC-GGO | ||
912 | |a GBV_ILN_70 | ||
936 | b | k | |a 74.00 |j Geographie |j Anthropogeographie: Allgemeines |q VZ |
936 | b | k | |a 44.73 |j Geomedizin |q VZ |
951 | |a AR | ||
952 | |d 230 |j 2021 |h 0 |
author_variant |
j z jz |
---|---|
matchkey_str |
zhaojianfuzhouleizhangxiaojunlikuangdiwe:2021----:xeietlnetgtoocmutomdsntastomcaimn |
hierarchy_sort_str |
2021transfer abstract |
bklnumber |
74.00 44.73 |
publishDate |
2021 |
allfields |
10.1016/j.combustflame.2021.111451 doi /cbs_pica/cbs_olc/import_discovery/elsevier/einzuspielen/GBV00000000001629.pica (DE-627)ELV05440522X (ELSEVIER)S0010-2180(21)00191-7 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 690 VZ 610 VZ 74.00 bkl 44.73 bkl Zhao, Jianfu verfasserin aut Experimental investigation of combustion modes and transition mechanism in confined combustion chamber 2021transfer abstract nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier In the present work, different combustion modes and the transition mechanism were experimentally investigated in a confined combustion chamber. A H2–O2–N2 mixture with variable oxygen concentration was used as test fuel. Different numbers of perforated plates with varying porosities were employed to change the flame propagation velocity. Depending on the initial thermodynamic conditions, four types of combustion modes were observed: normal combustion (mode 1), end-gas autoignition without detonation (mode 2), end-wall detonation (mode 3), and side-wall detonation (mode 4). It was found that with the transition of the combustion mode from mode 1 to mode 4, the overall level of pressure and pressure oscillation increased due to autoignition and detonation. Moreover, the effects of ignition delay time and flame propagation velocity on the combustion mode transition were studied. With increasing oxygen concentration, the ignition delay time was shortened, and the flame propagation was accelerated, which consequently caused the combustion mode to evolve from mode 1 to mode 4. In addition, different perforated plate configurations were employed to separately investigate the effects of the flame propagation velocity on the combustion mode transition. In summary, the combustion mode was jointly affected by the ignition delay time and flame propagation velocity. Both a shorter ignition delay time and a higher flame propagation velocity were favorable for the occurrence of autoignition and detonation. In the present work, different combustion modes and the transition mechanism were experimentally investigated in a confined combustion chamber. A H2–O2–N2 mixture with variable oxygen concentration was used as test fuel. Different numbers of perforated plates with varying porosities were employed to change the flame propagation velocity. Depending on the initial thermodynamic conditions, four types of combustion modes were observed: normal combustion (mode 1), end-gas autoignition without detonation (mode 2), end-wall detonation (mode 3), and side-wall detonation (mode 4). It was found that with the transition of the combustion mode from mode 1 to mode 4, the overall level of pressure and pressure oscillation increased due to autoignition and detonation. Moreover, the effects of ignition delay time and flame propagation velocity on the combustion mode transition were studied. With increasing oxygen concentration, the ignition delay time was shortened, and the flame propagation was accelerated, which consequently caused the combustion mode to evolve from mode 1 to mode 4. In addition, different perforated plate configurations were employed to separately investigate the effects of the flame propagation velocity on the combustion mode transition. In summary, the combustion mode was jointly affected by the ignition delay time and flame propagation velocity. Both a shorter ignition delay time and a higher flame propagation velocity were favorable for the occurrence of autoignition and detonation. Zhou, Lei oth Zhang, Xiaojun oth Li, Kuangdi oth Wei, Haiqiao oth Enthalten in Elsevier Science Lloyd, C.E.M. ELSEVIER Methods for detecting change in hydrochemical time series in response to targeted pollutant mitigation in river catchments 2014 the journal of the Combustion Institute Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV018057144 volume:230 year:2021 pages:0 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2021.111451 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U SSG-OLC-PHA SSG-OPC-GGO GBV_ILN_70 74.00 Geographie Anthropogeographie: Allgemeines VZ 44.73 Geomedizin VZ AR 230 2021 0 |
spelling |
10.1016/j.combustflame.2021.111451 doi /cbs_pica/cbs_olc/import_discovery/elsevier/einzuspielen/GBV00000000001629.pica (DE-627)ELV05440522X (ELSEVIER)S0010-2180(21)00191-7 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 690 VZ 610 VZ 74.00 bkl 44.73 bkl Zhao, Jianfu verfasserin aut Experimental investigation of combustion modes and transition mechanism in confined combustion chamber 2021transfer abstract nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier In the present work, different combustion modes and the transition mechanism were experimentally investigated in a confined combustion chamber. A H2–O2–N2 mixture with variable oxygen concentration was used as test fuel. Different numbers of perforated plates with varying porosities were employed to change the flame propagation velocity. Depending on the initial thermodynamic conditions, four types of combustion modes were observed: normal combustion (mode 1), end-gas autoignition without detonation (mode 2), end-wall detonation (mode 3), and side-wall detonation (mode 4). It was found that with the transition of the combustion mode from mode 1 to mode 4, the overall level of pressure and pressure oscillation increased due to autoignition and detonation. Moreover, the effects of ignition delay time and flame propagation velocity on the combustion mode transition were studied. With increasing oxygen concentration, the ignition delay time was shortened, and the flame propagation was accelerated, which consequently caused the combustion mode to evolve from mode 1 to mode 4. In addition, different perforated plate configurations were employed to separately investigate the effects of the flame propagation velocity on the combustion mode transition. In summary, the combustion mode was jointly affected by the ignition delay time and flame propagation velocity. Both a shorter ignition delay time and a higher flame propagation velocity were favorable for the occurrence of autoignition and detonation. In the present work, different combustion modes and the transition mechanism were experimentally investigated in a confined combustion chamber. A H2–O2–N2 mixture with variable oxygen concentration was used as test fuel. Different numbers of perforated plates with varying porosities were employed to change the flame propagation velocity. Depending on the initial thermodynamic conditions, four types of combustion modes were observed: normal combustion (mode 1), end-gas autoignition without detonation (mode 2), end-wall detonation (mode 3), and side-wall detonation (mode 4). It was found that with the transition of the combustion mode from mode 1 to mode 4, the overall level of pressure and pressure oscillation increased due to autoignition and detonation. Moreover, the effects of ignition delay time and flame propagation velocity on the combustion mode transition were studied. With increasing oxygen concentration, the ignition delay time was shortened, and the flame propagation was accelerated, which consequently caused the combustion mode to evolve from mode 1 to mode 4. In addition, different perforated plate configurations were employed to separately investigate the effects of the flame propagation velocity on the combustion mode transition. In summary, the combustion mode was jointly affected by the ignition delay time and flame propagation velocity. Both a shorter ignition delay time and a higher flame propagation velocity were favorable for the occurrence of autoignition and detonation. Zhou, Lei oth Zhang, Xiaojun oth Li, Kuangdi oth Wei, Haiqiao oth Enthalten in Elsevier Science Lloyd, C.E.M. ELSEVIER Methods for detecting change in hydrochemical time series in response to targeted pollutant mitigation in river catchments 2014 the journal of the Combustion Institute Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV018057144 volume:230 year:2021 pages:0 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2021.111451 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U SSG-OLC-PHA SSG-OPC-GGO GBV_ILN_70 74.00 Geographie Anthropogeographie: Allgemeines VZ 44.73 Geomedizin VZ AR 230 2021 0 |
allfields_unstemmed |
10.1016/j.combustflame.2021.111451 doi /cbs_pica/cbs_olc/import_discovery/elsevier/einzuspielen/GBV00000000001629.pica (DE-627)ELV05440522X (ELSEVIER)S0010-2180(21)00191-7 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 690 VZ 610 VZ 74.00 bkl 44.73 bkl Zhao, Jianfu verfasserin aut Experimental investigation of combustion modes and transition mechanism in confined combustion chamber 2021transfer abstract nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier In the present work, different combustion modes and the transition mechanism were experimentally investigated in a confined combustion chamber. A H2–O2–N2 mixture with variable oxygen concentration was used as test fuel. Different numbers of perforated plates with varying porosities were employed to change the flame propagation velocity. Depending on the initial thermodynamic conditions, four types of combustion modes were observed: normal combustion (mode 1), end-gas autoignition without detonation (mode 2), end-wall detonation (mode 3), and side-wall detonation (mode 4). It was found that with the transition of the combustion mode from mode 1 to mode 4, the overall level of pressure and pressure oscillation increased due to autoignition and detonation. Moreover, the effects of ignition delay time and flame propagation velocity on the combustion mode transition were studied. With increasing oxygen concentration, the ignition delay time was shortened, and the flame propagation was accelerated, which consequently caused the combustion mode to evolve from mode 1 to mode 4. In addition, different perforated plate configurations were employed to separately investigate the effects of the flame propagation velocity on the combustion mode transition. In summary, the combustion mode was jointly affected by the ignition delay time and flame propagation velocity. Both a shorter ignition delay time and a higher flame propagation velocity were favorable for the occurrence of autoignition and detonation. In the present work, different combustion modes and the transition mechanism were experimentally investigated in a confined combustion chamber. A H2–O2–N2 mixture with variable oxygen concentration was used as test fuel. Different numbers of perforated plates with varying porosities were employed to change the flame propagation velocity. Depending on the initial thermodynamic conditions, four types of combustion modes were observed: normal combustion (mode 1), end-gas autoignition without detonation (mode 2), end-wall detonation (mode 3), and side-wall detonation (mode 4). It was found that with the transition of the combustion mode from mode 1 to mode 4, the overall level of pressure and pressure oscillation increased due to autoignition and detonation. Moreover, the effects of ignition delay time and flame propagation velocity on the combustion mode transition were studied. With increasing oxygen concentration, the ignition delay time was shortened, and the flame propagation was accelerated, which consequently caused the combustion mode to evolve from mode 1 to mode 4. In addition, different perforated plate configurations were employed to separately investigate the effects of the flame propagation velocity on the combustion mode transition. In summary, the combustion mode was jointly affected by the ignition delay time and flame propagation velocity. Both a shorter ignition delay time and a higher flame propagation velocity were favorable for the occurrence of autoignition and detonation. Zhou, Lei oth Zhang, Xiaojun oth Li, Kuangdi oth Wei, Haiqiao oth Enthalten in Elsevier Science Lloyd, C.E.M. ELSEVIER Methods for detecting change in hydrochemical time series in response to targeted pollutant mitigation in river catchments 2014 the journal of the Combustion Institute Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV018057144 volume:230 year:2021 pages:0 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2021.111451 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U SSG-OLC-PHA SSG-OPC-GGO GBV_ILN_70 74.00 Geographie Anthropogeographie: Allgemeines VZ 44.73 Geomedizin VZ AR 230 2021 0 |
allfieldsGer |
10.1016/j.combustflame.2021.111451 doi /cbs_pica/cbs_olc/import_discovery/elsevier/einzuspielen/GBV00000000001629.pica (DE-627)ELV05440522X (ELSEVIER)S0010-2180(21)00191-7 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 690 VZ 610 VZ 74.00 bkl 44.73 bkl Zhao, Jianfu verfasserin aut Experimental investigation of combustion modes and transition mechanism in confined combustion chamber 2021transfer abstract nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier In the present work, different combustion modes and the transition mechanism were experimentally investigated in a confined combustion chamber. A H2–O2–N2 mixture with variable oxygen concentration was used as test fuel. Different numbers of perforated plates with varying porosities were employed to change the flame propagation velocity. Depending on the initial thermodynamic conditions, four types of combustion modes were observed: normal combustion (mode 1), end-gas autoignition without detonation (mode 2), end-wall detonation (mode 3), and side-wall detonation (mode 4). It was found that with the transition of the combustion mode from mode 1 to mode 4, the overall level of pressure and pressure oscillation increased due to autoignition and detonation. Moreover, the effects of ignition delay time and flame propagation velocity on the combustion mode transition were studied. With increasing oxygen concentration, the ignition delay time was shortened, and the flame propagation was accelerated, which consequently caused the combustion mode to evolve from mode 1 to mode 4. In addition, different perforated plate configurations were employed to separately investigate the effects of the flame propagation velocity on the combustion mode transition. In summary, the combustion mode was jointly affected by the ignition delay time and flame propagation velocity. Both a shorter ignition delay time and a higher flame propagation velocity were favorable for the occurrence of autoignition and detonation. In the present work, different combustion modes and the transition mechanism were experimentally investigated in a confined combustion chamber. A H2–O2–N2 mixture with variable oxygen concentration was used as test fuel. Different numbers of perforated plates with varying porosities were employed to change the flame propagation velocity. Depending on the initial thermodynamic conditions, four types of combustion modes were observed: normal combustion (mode 1), end-gas autoignition without detonation (mode 2), end-wall detonation (mode 3), and side-wall detonation (mode 4). It was found that with the transition of the combustion mode from mode 1 to mode 4, the overall level of pressure and pressure oscillation increased due to autoignition and detonation. Moreover, the effects of ignition delay time and flame propagation velocity on the combustion mode transition were studied. With increasing oxygen concentration, the ignition delay time was shortened, and the flame propagation was accelerated, which consequently caused the combustion mode to evolve from mode 1 to mode 4. In addition, different perforated plate configurations were employed to separately investigate the effects of the flame propagation velocity on the combustion mode transition. In summary, the combustion mode was jointly affected by the ignition delay time and flame propagation velocity. Both a shorter ignition delay time and a higher flame propagation velocity were favorable for the occurrence of autoignition and detonation. Zhou, Lei oth Zhang, Xiaojun oth Li, Kuangdi oth Wei, Haiqiao oth Enthalten in Elsevier Science Lloyd, C.E.M. ELSEVIER Methods for detecting change in hydrochemical time series in response to targeted pollutant mitigation in river catchments 2014 the journal of the Combustion Institute Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV018057144 volume:230 year:2021 pages:0 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2021.111451 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U SSG-OLC-PHA SSG-OPC-GGO GBV_ILN_70 74.00 Geographie Anthropogeographie: Allgemeines VZ 44.73 Geomedizin VZ AR 230 2021 0 |
allfieldsSound |
10.1016/j.combustflame.2021.111451 doi /cbs_pica/cbs_olc/import_discovery/elsevier/einzuspielen/GBV00000000001629.pica (DE-627)ELV05440522X (ELSEVIER)S0010-2180(21)00191-7 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 690 VZ 610 VZ 74.00 bkl 44.73 bkl Zhao, Jianfu verfasserin aut Experimental investigation of combustion modes and transition mechanism in confined combustion chamber 2021transfer abstract nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier In the present work, different combustion modes and the transition mechanism were experimentally investigated in a confined combustion chamber. A H2–O2–N2 mixture with variable oxygen concentration was used as test fuel. Different numbers of perforated plates with varying porosities were employed to change the flame propagation velocity. Depending on the initial thermodynamic conditions, four types of combustion modes were observed: normal combustion (mode 1), end-gas autoignition without detonation (mode 2), end-wall detonation (mode 3), and side-wall detonation (mode 4). It was found that with the transition of the combustion mode from mode 1 to mode 4, the overall level of pressure and pressure oscillation increased due to autoignition and detonation. Moreover, the effects of ignition delay time and flame propagation velocity on the combustion mode transition were studied. With increasing oxygen concentration, the ignition delay time was shortened, and the flame propagation was accelerated, which consequently caused the combustion mode to evolve from mode 1 to mode 4. In addition, different perforated plate configurations were employed to separately investigate the effects of the flame propagation velocity on the combustion mode transition. In summary, the combustion mode was jointly affected by the ignition delay time and flame propagation velocity. Both a shorter ignition delay time and a higher flame propagation velocity were favorable for the occurrence of autoignition and detonation. In the present work, different combustion modes and the transition mechanism were experimentally investigated in a confined combustion chamber. A H2–O2–N2 mixture with variable oxygen concentration was used as test fuel. Different numbers of perforated plates with varying porosities were employed to change the flame propagation velocity. Depending on the initial thermodynamic conditions, four types of combustion modes were observed: normal combustion (mode 1), end-gas autoignition without detonation (mode 2), end-wall detonation (mode 3), and side-wall detonation (mode 4). It was found that with the transition of the combustion mode from mode 1 to mode 4, the overall level of pressure and pressure oscillation increased due to autoignition and detonation. Moreover, the effects of ignition delay time and flame propagation velocity on the combustion mode transition were studied. With increasing oxygen concentration, the ignition delay time was shortened, and the flame propagation was accelerated, which consequently caused the combustion mode to evolve from mode 1 to mode 4. In addition, different perforated plate configurations were employed to separately investigate the effects of the flame propagation velocity on the combustion mode transition. In summary, the combustion mode was jointly affected by the ignition delay time and flame propagation velocity. Both a shorter ignition delay time and a higher flame propagation velocity were favorable for the occurrence of autoignition and detonation. Zhou, Lei oth Zhang, Xiaojun oth Li, Kuangdi oth Wei, Haiqiao oth Enthalten in Elsevier Science Lloyd, C.E.M. ELSEVIER Methods for detecting change in hydrochemical time series in response to targeted pollutant mitigation in river catchments 2014 the journal of the Combustion Institute Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV018057144 volume:230 year:2021 pages:0 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2021.111451 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U SSG-OLC-PHA SSG-OPC-GGO GBV_ILN_70 74.00 Geographie Anthropogeographie: Allgemeines VZ 44.73 Geomedizin VZ AR 230 2021 0 |
language |
English |
source |
Enthalten in Methods for detecting change in hydrochemical time series in response to targeted pollutant mitigation in river catchments Amsterdam [u.a.] volume:230 year:2021 pages:0 |
sourceStr |
Enthalten in Methods for detecting change in hydrochemical time series in response to targeted pollutant mitigation in river catchments Amsterdam [u.a.] volume:230 year:2021 pages:0 |
format_phy_str_mv |
Article |
bklname |
Geographie Anthropogeographie: Allgemeines Geomedizin |
institution |
findex.gbv.de |
dewey-raw |
690 |
isfreeaccess_bool |
false |
container_title |
Methods for detecting change in hydrochemical time series in response to targeted pollutant mitigation in river catchments |
authorswithroles_txt_mv |
Zhao, Jianfu @@aut@@ Zhou, Lei @@oth@@ Zhang, Xiaojun @@oth@@ Li, Kuangdi @@oth@@ Wei, Haiqiao @@oth@@ |
publishDateDaySort_date |
2021-01-01T00:00:00Z |
hierarchy_top_id |
ELV018057144 |
dewey-sort |
3690 |
id |
ELV05440522X |
language_de |
englisch |
fullrecord |
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim"><record><leader>01000caa a22002652 4500</leader><controlfield tag="001">ELV05440522X</controlfield><controlfield tag="003">DE-627</controlfield><controlfield tag="005">20230626040207.0</controlfield><controlfield tag="007">cr uuu---uuuuu</controlfield><controlfield tag="008">210910s2021 xx |||||o 00| ||eng c</controlfield><datafield tag="024" ind1="7" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">10.1016/j.combustflame.2021.111451</subfield><subfield code="2">doi</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="028" ind1="5" ind2="2"><subfield code="a">/cbs_pica/cbs_olc/import_discovery/elsevier/einzuspielen/GBV00000000001629.pica</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-627)ELV05440522X</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(ELSEVIER)S0010-2180(21)00191-7</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="040" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-627</subfield><subfield code="b">ger</subfield><subfield code="c">DE-627</subfield><subfield code="e">rakwb</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="041" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">eng</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="082" ind1="0" ind2="4"><subfield code="a">690</subfield><subfield code="q">VZ</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="082" ind1="0" ind2="4"><subfield code="a">610</subfield><subfield code="q">VZ</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">74.00</subfield><subfield code="2">bkl</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">44.73</subfield><subfield code="2">bkl</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="100" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Zhao, Jianfu</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Experimental investigation of combustion modes and transition mechanism in confined combustion chamber</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="c">2021transfer abstract</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">nicht spezifiziert</subfield><subfield code="b">zzz</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">nicht spezifiziert</subfield><subfield code="b">z</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">nicht spezifiziert</subfield><subfield code="b">zu</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">In the present work, different combustion modes and the transition mechanism were experimentally investigated in a confined combustion chamber. A H2–O2–N2 mixture with variable oxygen concentration was used as test fuel. Different numbers of perforated plates with varying porosities were employed to change the flame propagation velocity. Depending on the initial thermodynamic conditions, four types of combustion modes were observed: normal combustion (mode 1), end-gas autoignition without detonation (mode 2), end-wall detonation (mode 3), and side-wall detonation (mode 4). It was found that with the transition of the combustion mode from mode 1 to mode 4, the overall level of pressure and pressure oscillation increased due to autoignition and detonation. Moreover, the effects of ignition delay time and flame propagation velocity on the combustion mode transition were studied. With increasing oxygen concentration, the ignition delay time was shortened, and the flame propagation was accelerated, which consequently caused the combustion mode to evolve from mode 1 to mode 4. In addition, different perforated plate configurations were employed to separately investigate the effects of the flame propagation velocity on the combustion mode transition. In summary, the combustion mode was jointly affected by the ignition delay time and flame propagation velocity. Both a shorter ignition delay time and a higher flame propagation velocity were favorable for the occurrence of autoignition and detonation.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">In the present work, different combustion modes and the transition mechanism were experimentally investigated in a confined combustion chamber. A H2–O2–N2 mixture with variable oxygen concentration was used as test fuel. Different numbers of perforated plates with varying porosities were employed to change the flame propagation velocity. Depending on the initial thermodynamic conditions, four types of combustion modes were observed: normal combustion (mode 1), end-gas autoignition without detonation (mode 2), end-wall detonation (mode 3), and side-wall detonation (mode 4). It was found that with the transition of the combustion mode from mode 1 to mode 4, the overall level of pressure and pressure oscillation increased due to autoignition and detonation. Moreover, the effects of ignition delay time and flame propagation velocity on the combustion mode transition were studied. With increasing oxygen concentration, the ignition delay time was shortened, and the flame propagation was accelerated, which consequently caused the combustion mode to evolve from mode 1 to mode 4. In addition, different perforated plate configurations were employed to separately investigate the effects of the flame propagation velocity on the combustion mode transition. In summary, the combustion mode was jointly affected by the ignition delay time and flame propagation velocity. Both a shorter ignition delay time and a higher flame propagation velocity were favorable for the occurrence of autoignition and detonation.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Zhou, Lei</subfield><subfield code="4">oth</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Zhang, Xiaojun</subfield><subfield code="4">oth</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Li, Kuangdi</subfield><subfield code="4">oth</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Wei, Haiqiao</subfield><subfield code="4">oth</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="773" ind1="0" ind2="8"><subfield code="i">Enthalten in</subfield><subfield code="n">Elsevier Science</subfield><subfield code="a">Lloyd, C.E.M. ELSEVIER</subfield><subfield code="t">Methods for detecting change in hydrochemical time series in response to targeted pollutant mitigation in river catchments</subfield><subfield code="d">2014</subfield><subfield code="d">the journal of the Combustion Institute</subfield><subfield code="g">Amsterdam [u.a.]</subfield><subfield code="w">(DE-627)ELV018057144</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="773" ind1="1" ind2="8"><subfield code="g">volume:230</subfield><subfield code="g">year:2021</subfield><subfield code="g">pages:0</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="0"><subfield code="u">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2021.111451</subfield><subfield code="3">Volltext</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_USEFLAG_U</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ELV</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">SYSFLAG_U</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">SSG-OLC-PHA</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">SSG-OPC-GGO</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_70</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="936" ind1="b" ind2="k"><subfield code="a">74.00</subfield><subfield code="j">Geographie</subfield><subfield code="j">Anthropogeographie: Allgemeines</subfield><subfield code="q">VZ</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="936" ind1="b" ind2="k"><subfield code="a">44.73</subfield><subfield code="j">Geomedizin</subfield><subfield code="q">VZ</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="951" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">AR</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="952" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="d">230</subfield><subfield code="j">2021</subfield><subfield code="h">0</subfield></datafield></record></collection>
|
author |
Zhao, Jianfu |
spellingShingle |
Zhao, Jianfu ddc 690 ddc 610 bkl 74.00 bkl 44.73 Experimental investigation of combustion modes and transition mechanism in confined combustion chamber |
authorStr |
Zhao, Jianfu |
ppnlink_with_tag_str_mv |
@@773@@(DE-627)ELV018057144 |
format |
electronic Article |
dewey-ones |
690 - Buildings 610 - Medicine & health |
delete_txt_mv |
keep |
author_role |
aut |
collection |
elsevier |
remote_str |
true |
illustrated |
Not Illustrated |
topic_title |
690 VZ 610 VZ 74.00 bkl 44.73 bkl Experimental investigation of combustion modes and transition mechanism in confined combustion chamber |
topic |
ddc 690 ddc 610 bkl 74.00 bkl 44.73 |
topic_unstemmed |
ddc 690 ddc 610 bkl 74.00 bkl 44.73 |
topic_browse |
ddc 690 ddc 610 bkl 74.00 bkl 44.73 |
format_facet |
Elektronische Aufsätze Aufsätze Elektronische Ressource |
format_main_str_mv |
Text Zeitschrift/Artikel |
carriertype_str_mv |
zu |
author2_variant |
l z lz x z xz k l kl h w hw |
hierarchy_parent_title |
Methods for detecting change in hydrochemical time series in response to targeted pollutant mitigation in river catchments |
hierarchy_parent_id |
ELV018057144 |
dewey-tens |
690 - Building & construction 610 - Medicine & health |
hierarchy_top_title |
Methods for detecting change in hydrochemical time series in response to targeted pollutant mitigation in river catchments |
isfreeaccess_txt |
false |
familylinks_str_mv |
(DE-627)ELV018057144 |
title |
Experimental investigation of combustion modes and transition mechanism in confined combustion chamber |
ctrlnum |
(DE-627)ELV05440522X (ELSEVIER)S0010-2180(21)00191-7 |
title_full |
Experimental investigation of combustion modes and transition mechanism in confined combustion chamber |
author_sort |
Zhao, Jianfu |
journal |
Methods for detecting change in hydrochemical time series in response to targeted pollutant mitigation in river catchments |
journalStr |
Methods for detecting change in hydrochemical time series in response to targeted pollutant mitigation in river catchments |
lang_code |
eng |
isOA_bool |
false |
dewey-hundreds |
600 - Technology |
recordtype |
marc |
publishDateSort |
2021 |
contenttype_str_mv |
zzz |
container_start_page |
0 |
author_browse |
Zhao, Jianfu |
container_volume |
230 |
class |
690 VZ 610 VZ 74.00 bkl 44.73 bkl |
format_se |
Elektronische Aufsätze |
author-letter |
Zhao, Jianfu |
doi_str_mv |
10.1016/j.combustflame.2021.111451 |
dewey-full |
690 610 |
title_sort |
experimental investigation of combustion modes and transition mechanism in confined combustion chamber |
title_auth |
Experimental investigation of combustion modes and transition mechanism in confined combustion chamber |
abstract |
In the present work, different combustion modes and the transition mechanism were experimentally investigated in a confined combustion chamber. A H2–O2–N2 mixture with variable oxygen concentration was used as test fuel. Different numbers of perforated plates with varying porosities were employed to change the flame propagation velocity. Depending on the initial thermodynamic conditions, four types of combustion modes were observed: normal combustion (mode 1), end-gas autoignition without detonation (mode 2), end-wall detonation (mode 3), and side-wall detonation (mode 4). It was found that with the transition of the combustion mode from mode 1 to mode 4, the overall level of pressure and pressure oscillation increased due to autoignition and detonation. Moreover, the effects of ignition delay time and flame propagation velocity on the combustion mode transition were studied. With increasing oxygen concentration, the ignition delay time was shortened, and the flame propagation was accelerated, which consequently caused the combustion mode to evolve from mode 1 to mode 4. In addition, different perforated plate configurations were employed to separately investigate the effects of the flame propagation velocity on the combustion mode transition. In summary, the combustion mode was jointly affected by the ignition delay time and flame propagation velocity. Both a shorter ignition delay time and a higher flame propagation velocity were favorable for the occurrence of autoignition and detonation. |
abstractGer |
In the present work, different combustion modes and the transition mechanism were experimentally investigated in a confined combustion chamber. A H2–O2–N2 mixture with variable oxygen concentration was used as test fuel. Different numbers of perforated plates with varying porosities were employed to change the flame propagation velocity. Depending on the initial thermodynamic conditions, four types of combustion modes were observed: normal combustion (mode 1), end-gas autoignition without detonation (mode 2), end-wall detonation (mode 3), and side-wall detonation (mode 4). It was found that with the transition of the combustion mode from mode 1 to mode 4, the overall level of pressure and pressure oscillation increased due to autoignition and detonation. Moreover, the effects of ignition delay time and flame propagation velocity on the combustion mode transition were studied. With increasing oxygen concentration, the ignition delay time was shortened, and the flame propagation was accelerated, which consequently caused the combustion mode to evolve from mode 1 to mode 4. In addition, different perforated plate configurations were employed to separately investigate the effects of the flame propagation velocity on the combustion mode transition. In summary, the combustion mode was jointly affected by the ignition delay time and flame propagation velocity. Both a shorter ignition delay time and a higher flame propagation velocity were favorable for the occurrence of autoignition and detonation. |
abstract_unstemmed |
In the present work, different combustion modes and the transition mechanism were experimentally investigated in a confined combustion chamber. A H2–O2–N2 mixture with variable oxygen concentration was used as test fuel. Different numbers of perforated plates with varying porosities were employed to change the flame propagation velocity. Depending on the initial thermodynamic conditions, four types of combustion modes were observed: normal combustion (mode 1), end-gas autoignition without detonation (mode 2), end-wall detonation (mode 3), and side-wall detonation (mode 4). It was found that with the transition of the combustion mode from mode 1 to mode 4, the overall level of pressure and pressure oscillation increased due to autoignition and detonation. Moreover, the effects of ignition delay time and flame propagation velocity on the combustion mode transition were studied. With increasing oxygen concentration, the ignition delay time was shortened, and the flame propagation was accelerated, which consequently caused the combustion mode to evolve from mode 1 to mode 4. In addition, different perforated plate configurations were employed to separately investigate the effects of the flame propagation velocity on the combustion mode transition. In summary, the combustion mode was jointly affected by the ignition delay time and flame propagation velocity. Both a shorter ignition delay time and a higher flame propagation velocity were favorable for the occurrence of autoignition and detonation. |
collection_details |
GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U SSG-OLC-PHA SSG-OPC-GGO GBV_ILN_70 |
title_short |
Experimental investigation of combustion modes and transition mechanism in confined combustion chamber |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2021.111451 |
remote_bool |
true |
author2 |
Zhou, Lei Zhang, Xiaojun Li, Kuangdi Wei, Haiqiao |
author2Str |
Zhou, Lei Zhang, Xiaojun Li, Kuangdi Wei, Haiqiao |
ppnlink |
ELV018057144 |
mediatype_str_mv |
z |
isOA_txt |
false |
hochschulschrift_bool |
false |
author2_role |
oth oth oth oth |
doi_str |
10.1016/j.combustflame.2021.111451 |
up_date |
2024-07-06T21:38:21.439Z |
_version_ |
1803867286604349440 |
fullrecord_marcxml |
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim"><record><leader>01000caa a22002652 4500</leader><controlfield tag="001">ELV05440522X</controlfield><controlfield tag="003">DE-627</controlfield><controlfield tag="005">20230626040207.0</controlfield><controlfield tag="007">cr uuu---uuuuu</controlfield><controlfield tag="008">210910s2021 xx |||||o 00| ||eng c</controlfield><datafield tag="024" ind1="7" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">10.1016/j.combustflame.2021.111451</subfield><subfield code="2">doi</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="028" ind1="5" ind2="2"><subfield code="a">/cbs_pica/cbs_olc/import_discovery/elsevier/einzuspielen/GBV00000000001629.pica</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-627)ELV05440522X</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(ELSEVIER)S0010-2180(21)00191-7</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="040" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-627</subfield><subfield code="b">ger</subfield><subfield code="c">DE-627</subfield><subfield code="e">rakwb</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="041" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">eng</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="082" ind1="0" ind2="4"><subfield code="a">690</subfield><subfield code="q">VZ</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="082" ind1="0" ind2="4"><subfield code="a">610</subfield><subfield code="q">VZ</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">74.00</subfield><subfield code="2">bkl</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="084" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">44.73</subfield><subfield code="2">bkl</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="100" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Zhao, Jianfu</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Experimental investigation of combustion modes and transition mechanism in confined combustion chamber</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="c">2021transfer abstract</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">nicht spezifiziert</subfield><subfield code="b">zzz</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">nicht spezifiziert</subfield><subfield code="b">z</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">nicht spezifiziert</subfield><subfield code="b">zu</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">In the present work, different combustion modes and the transition mechanism were experimentally investigated in a confined combustion chamber. A H2–O2–N2 mixture with variable oxygen concentration was used as test fuel. Different numbers of perforated plates with varying porosities were employed to change the flame propagation velocity. Depending on the initial thermodynamic conditions, four types of combustion modes were observed: normal combustion (mode 1), end-gas autoignition without detonation (mode 2), end-wall detonation (mode 3), and side-wall detonation (mode 4). It was found that with the transition of the combustion mode from mode 1 to mode 4, the overall level of pressure and pressure oscillation increased due to autoignition and detonation. Moreover, the effects of ignition delay time and flame propagation velocity on the combustion mode transition were studied. With increasing oxygen concentration, the ignition delay time was shortened, and the flame propagation was accelerated, which consequently caused the combustion mode to evolve from mode 1 to mode 4. In addition, different perforated plate configurations were employed to separately investigate the effects of the flame propagation velocity on the combustion mode transition. In summary, the combustion mode was jointly affected by the ignition delay time and flame propagation velocity. Both a shorter ignition delay time and a higher flame propagation velocity were favorable for the occurrence of autoignition and detonation.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">In the present work, different combustion modes and the transition mechanism were experimentally investigated in a confined combustion chamber. A H2–O2–N2 mixture with variable oxygen concentration was used as test fuel. Different numbers of perforated plates with varying porosities were employed to change the flame propagation velocity. Depending on the initial thermodynamic conditions, four types of combustion modes were observed: normal combustion (mode 1), end-gas autoignition without detonation (mode 2), end-wall detonation (mode 3), and side-wall detonation (mode 4). It was found that with the transition of the combustion mode from mode 1 to mode 4, the overall level of pressure and pressure oscillation increased due to autoignition and detonation. Moreover, the effects of ignition delay time and flame propagation velocity on the combustion mode transition were studied. With increasing oxygen concentration, the ignition delay time was shortened, and the flame propagation was accelerated, which consequently caused the combustion mode to evolve from mode 1 to mode 4. In addition, different perforated plate configurations were employed to separately investigate the effects of the flame propagation velocity on the combustion mode transition. In summary, the combustion mode was jointly affected by the ignition delay time and flame propagation velocity. Both a shorter ignition delay time and a higher flame propagation velocity were favorable for the occurrence of autoignition and detonation.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Zhou, Lei</subfield><subfield code="4">oth</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Zhang, Xiaojun</subfield><subfield code="4">oth</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Li, Kuangdi</subfield><subfield code="4">oth</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Wei, Haiqiao</subfield><subfield code="4">oth</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="773" ind1="0" ind2="8"><subfield code="i">Enthalten in</subfield><subfield code="n">Elsevier Science</subfield><subfield code="a">Lloyd, C.E.M. ELSEVIER</subfield><subfield code="t">Methods for detecting change in hydrochemical time series in response to targeted pollutant mitigation in river catchments</subfield><subfield code="d">2014</subfield><subfield code="d">the journal of the Combustion Institute</subfield><subfield code="g">Amsterdam [u.a.]</subfield><subfield code="w">(DE-627)ELV018057144</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="773" ind1="1" ind2="8"><subfield code="g">volume:230</subfield><subfield code="g">year:2021</subfield><subfield code="g">pages:0</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="0"><subfield code="u">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2021.111451</subfield><subfield code="3">Volltext</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_USEFLAG_U</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ELV</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">SYSFLAG_U</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">SSG-OLC-PHA</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">SSG-OPC-GGO</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_70</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="936" ind1="b" ind2="k"><subfield code="a">74.00</subfield><subfield code="j">Geographie</subfield><subfield code="j">Anthropogeographie: Allgemeines</subfield><subfield code="q">VZ</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="936" ind1="b" ind2="k"><subfield code="a">44.73</subfield><subfield code="j">Geomedizin</subfield><subfield code="q">VZ</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="951" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">AR</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="952" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="d">230</subfield><subfield code="j">2021</subfield><subfield code="h">0</subfield></datafield></record></collection>
|
score |
7.399296 |