Bentonite barrier materials and the control of microbial processes: Safety case implications for the geological disposal of radioactive waste

Higher activity radioactive wastes represent a significant long-term human and ecological hazard. There is an international consensus that geological disposal of these materials is the most responsible approach to their long-term management, in order to safely contain and isolate them from people and ecosystems. Some higher radioactivity disposal concepts use a bentonite barrier to surround metallic waste containers. For bentonite to satisfy its function as a barrier material, it is required to protect waste containers from corroding agents, limit the release of radionuclides, provide stability against rock displacements, and ensure excess gas pressure build-up does not occur. Microbial processes within bentonites, if they develop, have the potential to alter the properties of the material and associated pore waters. This review therefore focuses on the microbial colonization of bentonite buffers, and in particular examines the roles of (i) sulphide-producing bacteria (SPB) and (ii) iron(III)-reducing bacteria (IRB). These groups are significant, since sulphide production is implicated in container corrosion and longevity and, the reduction of structural iron(III) in bentonite could affect its geo-chemical/physical properties. Conversely, microbial activity may have positive safety case-related functions, reducing radionuclide transport by transforming radionuclides into insoluble forms and reducing gas build-up by consuming hydrogen, for example. On balance the review indicates that preventing microbial activity within bentonite buffers, to avert any potential deleterious effects, is a higher priority than harnessing any potential benefits which may arise. In order to do this, bentonites used in a geological disposal context, e.g., in barrier systems, should be engineered so as to be able to attain a swelling pressure, on re-saturation, to an extent proven to disrupt microbial activity. Some uncertainty remains, however, in very long-term evolution of the bentonite, where degradation and loss of swelling pressure may occur in localized areas. Further research should consider the rates of microbial growth and metabolism under repository relevant conditions, through experimentation, study of natural analogues and numerical modelling. Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:

Autor*in:	Haynes, Haydn M. [verfasserIn] Bailey, Matthew T. [verfasserIn] Lloyd, Jonathan R. [verfasserIn]

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2021

Schlagwörter:	Bentonite Geological disposal Geomicrobiology

Übergeordnetes Werk:	Enthalten in: Chemical geology - New York, NY [u.a.] : Elsevier, 1966, 581
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:581

DOI / URN:	10.1016/j.chemgeo.2021.120353

Katalog-ID:	ELV055280005

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matchkey_str	article:00092541:2021----::etntbriraeiladhcnrlfirbapoessaeyaemlctosoteel
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publishDate	2021
allfields	10.1016/j.chemgeo.2021.120353 doi (DE-627)ELV055280005 (ELSEVIER)S0009-2541(21)00297-7 DE-627 ger DE-627 rda eng 550 VZ 38.32 bkl Haynes, Haydn M. verfasserin aut Bentonite barrier materials and the control of microbial processes: Safety case implications for the geological disposal of radioactive waste 2021 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Higher activity radioactive wastes represent a significant long-term human and ecological hazard. There is an international consensus that geological disposal of these materials is the most responsible approach to their long-term management, in order to safely contain and isolate them from people and ecosystems. Some higher radioactivity disposal concepts use a bentonite barrier to surround metallic waste containers. For bentonite to satisfy its function as a barrier material, it is required to protect waste containers from corroding agents, limit the release of radionuclides, provide stability against rock displacements, and ensure excess gas pressure build-up does not occur. Microbial processes within bentonites, if they develop, have the potential to alter the properties of the material and associated pore waters. This review therefore focuses on the microbial colonization of bentonite buffers, and in particular examines the roles of (i) sulphide-producing bacteria (SPB) and (ii) iron(III)-reducing bacteria (IRB). These groups are significant, since sulphide production is implicated in container corrosion and longevity and, the reduction of structural iron(III) in bentonite could affect its geo-chemical/physical properties. Conversely, microbial activity may have positive safety case-related functions, reducing radionuclide transport by transforming radionuclides into insoluble forms and reducing gas build-up by consuming hydrogen, for example. On balance the review indicates that preventing microbial activity within bentonite buffers, to avert any potential deleterious effects, is a higher priority than harnessing any potential benefits which may arise. In order to do this, bentonites used in a geological disposal context, e.g., in barrier systems, should be engineered so as to be able to attain a swelling pressure, on re-saturation, to an extent proven to disrupt microbial activity. Some uncertainty remains, however, in very long-term evolution of the bentonite, where degradation and loss of swelling pressure may occur in localized areas. Further research should consider the rates of microbial growth and metabolism under repository relevant conditions, through experimentation, study of natural analogues and numerical modelling. Bentonite Geological disposal Geomicrobiology Bailey, Matthew T. verfasserin aut Lloyd, Jonathan R. verfasserin aut Enthalten in Chemical geology New York, NY [u.a.] : Elsevier, 1966 581 Online-Ressource (DE-627)302724389 (DE-600)1492506-0 (DE-576)08195283X 0009-2541 nnns volume:581 GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U SSG-OLC-PHA SSG-OPC-GGO GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 38.32 Geochemie VZ AR 581
spelling	10.1016/j.chemgeo.2021.120353 doi (DE-627)ELV055280005 (ELSEVIER)S0009-2541(21)00297-7 DE-627 ger DE-627 rda eng 550 VZ 38.32 bkl Haynes, Haydn M. verfasserin aut Bentonite barrier materials and the control of microbial processes: Safety case implications for the geological disposal of radioactive waste 2021 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Higher activity radioactive wastes represent a significant long-term human and ecological hazard. There is an international consensus that geological disposal of these materials is the most responsible approach to their long-term management, in order to safely contain and isolate them from people and ecosystems. Some higher radioactivity disposal concepts use a bentonite barrier to surround metallic waste containers. For bentonite to satisfy its function as a barrier material, it is required to protect waste containers from corroding agents, limit the release of radionuclides, provide stability against rock displacements, and ensure excess gas pressure build-up does not occur. Microbial processes within bentonites, if they develop, have the potential to alter the properties of the material and associated pore waters. This review therefore focuses on the microbial colonization of bentonite buffers, and in particular examines the roles of (i) sulphide-producing bacteria (SPB) and (ii) iron(III)-reducing bacteria (IRB). These groups are significant, since sulphide production is implicated in container corrosion and longevity and, the reduction of structural iron(III) in bentonite could affect its geo-chemical/physical properties. Conversely, microbial activity may have positive safety case-related functions, reducing radionuclide transport by transforming radionuclides into insoluble forms and reducing gas build-up by consuming hydrogen, for example. On balance the review indicates that preventing microbial activity within bentonite buffers, to avert any potential deleterious effects, is a higher priority than harnessing any potential benefits which may arise. In order to do this, bentonites used in a geological disposal context, e.g., in barrier systems, should be engineered so as to be able to attain a swelling pressure, on re-saturation, to an extent proven to disrupt microbial activity. Some uncertainty remains, however, in very long-term evolution of the bentonite, where degradation and loss of swelling pressure may occur in localized areas. Further research should consider the rates of microbial growth and metabolism under repository relevant conditions, through experimentation, study of natural analogues and numerical modelling. Bentonite Geological disposal Geomicrobiology Bailey, Matthew T. verfasserin aut Lloyd, Jonathan R. verfasserin aut Enthalten in Chemical geology New York, NY [u.a.] : Elsevier, 1966 581 Online-Ressource (DE-627)302724389 (DE-600)1492506-0 (DE-576)08195283X 0009-2541 nnns volume:581 GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U SSG-OLC-PHA SSG-OPC-GGO GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 38.32 Geochemie VZ AR 581
allfields_unstemmed	10.1016/j.chemgeo.2021.120353 doi (DE-627)ELV055280005 (ELSEVIER)S0009-2541(21)00297-7 DE-627 ger DE-627 rda eng 550 VZ 38.32 bkl Haynes, Haydn M. verfasserin aut Bentonite barrier materials and the control of microbial processes: Safety case implications for the geological disposal of radioactive waste 2021 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Higher activity radioactive wastes represent a significant long-term human and ecological hazard. There is an international consensus that geological disposal of these materials is the most responsible approach to their long-term management, in order to safely contain and isolate them from people and ecosystems. Some higher radioactivity disposal concepts use a bentonite barrier to surround metallic waste containers. For bentonite to satisfy its function as a barrier material, it is required to protect waste containers from corroding agents, limit the release of radionuclides, provide stability against rock displacements, and ensure excess gas pressure build-up does not occur. Microbial processes within bentonites, if they develop, have the potential to alter the properties of the material and associated pore waters. This review therefore focuses on the microbial colonization of bentonite buffers, and in particular examines the roles of (i) sulphide-producing bacteria (SPB) and (ii) iron(III)-reducing bacteria (IRB). These groups are significant, since sulphide production is implicated in container corrosion and longevity and, the reduction of structural iron(III) in bentonite could affect its geo-chemical/physical properties. Conversely, microbial activity may have positive safety case-related functions, reducing radionuclide transport by transforming radionuclides into insoluble forms and reducing gas build-up by consuming hydrogen, for example. On balance the review indicates that preventing microbial activity within bentonite buffers, to avert any potential deleterious effects, is a higher priority than harnessing any potential benefits which may arise. In order to do this, bentonites used in a geological disposal context, e.g., in barrier systems, should be engineered so as to be able to attain a swelling pressure, on re-saturation, to an extent proven to disrupt microbial activity. Some uncertainty remains, however, in very long-term evolution of the bentonite, where degradation and loss of swelling pressure may occur in localized areas. Further research should consider the rates of microbial growth and metabolism under repository relevant conditions, through experimentation, study of natural analogues and numerical modelling. Bentonite Geological disposal Geomicrobiology Bailey, Matthew T. verfasserin aut Lloyd, Jonathan R. verfasserin aut Enthalten in Chemical geology New York, NY [u.a.] : Elsevier, 1966 581 Online-Ressource (DE-627)302724389 (DE-600)1492506-0 (DE-576)08195283X 0009-2541 nnns volume:581 GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U SSG-OLC-PHA SSG-OPC-GGO GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 38.32 Geochemie VZ AR 581
allfieldsGer	10.1016/j.chemgeo.2021.120353 doi (DE-627)ELV055280005 (ELSEVIER)S0009-2541(21)00297-7 DE-627 ger DE-627 rda eng 550 VZ 38.32 bkl Haynes, Haydn M. verfasserin aut Bentonite barrier materials and the control of microbial processes: Safety case implications for the geological disposal of radioactive waste 2021 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Higher activity radioactive wastes represent a significant long-term human and ecological hazard. There is an international consensus that geological disposal of these materials is the most responsible approach to their long-term management, in order to safely contain and isolate them from people and ecosystems. Some higher radioactivity disposal concepts use a bentonite barrier to surround metallic waste containers. For bentonite to satisfy its function as a barrier material, it is required to protect waste containers from corroding agents, limit the release of radionuclides, provide stability against rock displacements, and ensure excess gas pressure build-up does not occur. Microbial processes within bentonites, if they develop, have the potential to alter the properties of the material and associated pore waters. This review therefore focuses on the microbial colonization of bentonite buffers, and in particular examines the roles of (i) sulphide-producing bacteria (SPB) and (ii) iron(III)-reducing bacteria (IRB). These groups are significant, since sulphide production is implicated in container corrosion and longevity and, the reduction of structural iron(III) in bentonite could affect its geo-chemical/physical properties. Conversely, microbial activity may have positive safety case-related functions, reducing radionuclide transport by transforming radionuclides into insoluble forms and reducing gas build-up by consuming hydrogen, for example. On balance the review indicates that preventing microbial activity within bentonite buffers, to avert any potential deleterious effects, is a higher priority than harnessing any potential benefits which may arise. In order to do this, bentonites used in a geological disposal context, e.g., in barrier systems, should be engineered so as to be able to attain a swelling pressure, on re-saturation, to an extent proven to disrupt microbial activity. Some uncertainty remains, however, in very long-term evolution of the bentonite, where degradation and loss of swelling pressure may occur in localized areas. Further research should consider the rates of microbial growth and metabolism under repository relevant conditions, through experimentation, study of natural analogues and numerical modelling. Bentonite Geological disposal Geomicrobiology Bailey, Matthew T. verfasserin aut Lloyd, Jonathan R. verfasserin aut Enthalten in Chemical geology New York, NY [u.a.] : Elsevier, 1966 581 Online-Ressource (DE-627)302724389 (DE-600)1492506-0 (DE-576)08195283X 0009-2541 nnns volume:581 GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U SSG-OLC-PHA SSG-OPC-GGO GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 38.32 Geochemie VZ AR 581
allfieldsSound	10.1016/j.chemgeo.2021.120353 doi (DE-627)ELV055280005 (ELSEVIER)S0009-2541(21)00297-7 DE-627 ger DE-627 rda eng 550 VZ 38.32 bkl Haynes, Haydn M. verfasserin aut Bentonite barrier materials and the control of microbial processes: Safety case implications for the geological disposal of radioactive waste 2021 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Higher activity radioactive wastes represent a significant long-term human and ecological hazard. There is an international consensus that geological disposal of these materials is the most responsible approach to their long-term management, in order to safely contain and isolate them from people and ecosystems. Some higher radioactivity disposal concepts use a bentonite barrier to surround metallic waste containers. For bentonite to satisfy its function as a barrier material, it is required to protect waste containers from corroding agents, limit the release of radionuclides, provide stability against rock displacements, and ensure excess gas pressure build-up does not occur. Microbial processes within bentonites, if they develop, have the potential to alter the properties of the material and associated pore waters. This review therefore focuses on the microbial colonization of bentonite buffers, and in particular examines the roles of (i) sulphide-producing bacteria (SPB) and (ii) iron(III)-reducing bacteria (IRB). These groups are significant, since sulphide production is implicated in container corrosion and longevity and, the reduction of structural iron(III) in bentonite could affect its geo-chemical/physical properties. Conversely, microbial activity may have positive safety case-related functions, reducing radionuclide transport by transforming radionuclides into insoluble forms and reducing gas build-up by consuming hydrogen, for example. On balance the review indicates that preventing microbial activity within bentonite buffers, to avert any potential deleterious effects, is a higher priority than harnessing any potential benefits which may arise. In order to do this, bentonites used in a geological disposal context, e.g., in barrier systems, should be engineered so as to be able to attain a swelling pressure, on re-saturation, to an extent proven to disrupt microbial activity. Some uncertainty remains, however, in very long-term evolution of the bentonite, where degradation and loss of swelling pressure may occur in localized areas. Further research should consider the rates of microbial growth and metabolism under repository relevant conditions, through experimentation, study of natural analogues and numerical modelling. Bentonite Geological disposal Geomicrobiology Bailey, Matthew T. verfasserin aut Lloyd, Jonathan R. verfasserin aut Enthalten in Chemical geology New York, NY [u.a.] : Elsevier, 1966 581 Online-Ressource (DE-627)302724389 (DE-600)1492506-0 (DE-576)08195283X 0009-2541 nnns volume:581 GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U SSG-OLC-PHA SSG-OPC-GGO GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_63 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2038 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2065 GBV_ILN_2068 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2113 GBV_ILN_2118 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2147 GBV_ILN_2148 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_2522 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4335 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 38.32 Geochemie VZ AR 581
language	English
source	Enthalten in Chemical geology 581 volume:581
sourceStr	Enthalten in Chemical geology 581 volume:581
format_phy_str_mv	Article
bklname	Geochemie
institution	findex.gbv.de
topic_facet	Bentonite Geological disposal Geomicrobiology
dewey-raw	550
isfreeaccess_bool	false
container_title	Chemical geology
authorswithroles_txt_mv	Haynes, Haydn M. @@aut@@ Bailey, Matthew T. @@aut@@ Lloyd, Jonathan R. @@aut@@
publishDateDaySort_date	2021-01-01T00:00:00Z
hierarchy_top_id	302724389
dewey-sort	3550
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language_de	englisch
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author	Haynes, Haydn M.
spellingShingle	Haynes, Haydn M. ddc 550 bkl 38.32 misc Bentonite misc Geological disposal misc Geomicrobiology Bentonite barrier materials and the control of microbial processes: Safety case implications for the geological disposal of radioactive waste
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topic_title	550 VZ 38.32 bkl Bentonite barrier materials and the control of microbial processes: Safety case implications for the geological disposal of radioactive waste Bentonite Geological disposal Geomicrobiology
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title	Bentonite barrier materials and the control of microbial processes: Safety case implications for the geological disposal of radioactive waste
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title_full	Bentonite barrier materials and the control of microbial processes: Safety case implications for the geological disposal of radioactive waste
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title_sort	bentonite barrier materials and the control of microbial processes: safety case implications for the geological disposal of radioactive waste
title_auth	Bentonite barrier materials and the control of microbial processes: Safety case implications for the geological disposal of radioactive waste
abstract	Higher activity radioactive wastes represent a significant long-term human and ecological hazard. There is an international consensus that geological disposal of these materials is the most responsible approach to their long-term management, in order to safely contain and isolate them from people and ecosystems. Some higher radioactivity disposal concepts use a bentonite barrier to surround metallic waste containers. For bentonite to satisfy its function as a barrier material, it is required to protect waste containers from corroding agents, limit the release of radionuclides, provide stability against rock displacements, and ensure excess gas pressure build-up does not occur. Microbial processes within bentonites, if they develop, have the potential to alter the properties of the material and associated pore waters. This review therefore focuses on the microbial colonization of bentonite buffers, and in particular examines the roles of (i) sulphide-producing bacteria (SPB) and (ii) iron(III)-reducing bacteria (IRB). These groups are significant, since sulphide production is implicated in container corrosion and longevity and, the reduction of structural iron(III) in bentonite could affect its geo-chemical/physical properties. Conversely, microbial activity may have positive safety case-related functions, reducing radionuclide transport by transforming radionuclides into insoluble forms and reducing gas build-up by consuming hydrogen, for example. On balance the review indicates that preventing microbial activity within bentonite buffers, to avert any potential deleterious effects, is a higher priority than harnessing any potential benefits which may arise. In order to do this, bentonites used in a geological disposal context, e.g., in barrier systems, should be engineered so as to be able to attain a swelling pressure, on re-saturation, to an extent proven to disrupt microbial activity. Some uncertainty remains, however, in very long-term evolution of the bentonite, where degradation and loss of swelling pressure may occur in localized areas. Further research should consider the rates of microbial growth and metabolism under repository relevant conditions, through experimentation, study of natural analogues and numerical modelling.
abstractGer	Higher activity radioactive wastes represent a significant long-term human and ecological hazard. There is an international consensus that geological disposal of these materials is the most responsible approach to their long-term management, in order to safely contain and isolate them from people and ecosystems. Some higher radioactivity disposal concepts use a bentonite barrier to surround metallic waste containers. For bentonite to satisfy its function as a barrier material, it is required to protect waste containers from corroding agents, limit the release of radionuclides, provide stability against rock displacements, and ensure excess gas pressure build-up does not occur. Microbial processes within bentonites, if they develop, have the potential to alter the properties of the material and associated pore waters. This review therefore focuses on the microbial colonization of bentonite buffers, and in particular examines the roles of (i) sulphide-producing bacteria (SPB) and (ii) iron(III)-reducing bacteria (IRB). These groups are significant, since sulphide production is implicated in container corrosion and longevity and, the reduction of structural iron(III) in bentonite could affect its geo-chemical/physical properties. Conversely, microbial activity may have positive safety case-related functions, reducing radionuclide transport by transforming radionuclides into insoluble forms and reducing gas build-up by consuming hydrogen, for example. On balance the review indicates that preventing microbial activity within bentonite buffers, to avert any potential deleterious effects, is a higher priority than harnessing any potential benefits which may arise. In order to do this, bentonites used in a geological disposal context, e.g., in barrier systems, should be engineered so as to be able to attain a swelling pressure, on re-saturation, to an extent proven to disrupt microbial activity. Some uncertainty remains, however, in very long-term evolution of the bentonite, where degradation and loss of swelling pressure may occur in localized areas. Further research should consider the rates of microbial growth and metabolism under repository relevant conditions, through experimentation, study of natural analogues and numerical modelling.
abstract_unstemmed	Higher activity radioactive wastes represent a significant long-term human and ecological hazard. There is an international consensus that geological disposal of these materials is the most responsible approach to their long-term management, in order to safely contain and isolate them from people and ecosystems. Some higher radioactivity disposal concepts use a bentonite barrier to surround metallic waste containers. For bentonite to satisfy its function as a barrier material, it is required to protect waste containers from corroding agents, limit the release of radionuclides, provide stability against rock displacements, and ensure excess gas pressure build-up does not occur. Microbial processes within bentonites, if they develop, have the potential to alter the properties of the material and associated pore waters. This review therefore focuses on the microbial colonization of bentonite buffers, and in particular examines the roles of (i) sulphide-producing bacteria (SPB) and (ii) iron(III)-reducing bacteria (IRB). These groups are significant, since sulphide production is implicated in container corrosion and longevity and, the reduction of structural iron(III) in bentonite could affect its geo-chemical/physical properties. Conversely, microbial activity may have positive safety case-related functions, reducing radionuclide transport by transforming radionuclides into insoluble forms and reducing gas build-up by consuming hydrogen, for example. On balance the review indicates that preventing microbial activity within bentonite buffers, to avert any potential deleterious effects, is a higher priority than harnessing any potential benefits which may arise. In order to do this, bentonites used in a geological disposal context, e.g., in barrier systems, should be engineered so as to be able to attain a swelling pressure, on re-saturation, to an extent proven to disrupt microbial activity. Some uncertainty remains, however, in very long-term evolution of the bentonite, where degradation and loss of swelling pressure may occur in localized areas. Further research should consider the rates of microbial growth and metabolism under repository relevant conditions, through experimentation, study of natural analogues and numerical modelling.
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title_short	Bentonite barrier materials and the control of microbial processes: Safety case implications for the geological disposal of radioactive waste
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Bentonite barrier materials and the control of microbial processes: Safety case implications for the geological disposal of radioactive waste

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