Crack Closure in Cycles with Dwell Times at High Temperature
The growth of short cracks in round bar specimens with a circumferential notch has been investigated by an extensive experimental study. This specific specimen geometry has been applied to determine notch support based on a reduced crack growth rate due to the induced stress gradient compared to sit...
Ausführliche Beschreibung
Autor*in: |
Garnadt, Florian [verfasserIn] |
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Format: |
E-Artikel |
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Sprache: |
Englisch |
Erschienen: |
2022transfer abstract |
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Übergeordnetes Werk: |
Enthalten in: Dynamics of droplets impacting hydrophilic surfaces decorated with a hydrophobic strip - Wang, Xin ELSEVIER, 2019, Kidlington |
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Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:268 ; year:2022 ; day:1 ; month:06 ; pages:0 |
Links: |
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DOI / URN: |
10.1016/j.engfracmech.2022.108463 |
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Katalog-ID: |
ELV057671400 |
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520 | |a The growth of short cracks in round bar specimens with a circumferential notch has been investigated by an extensive experimental study. This specific specimen geometry has been applied to determine notch support based on a reduced crack growth rate due to the induced stress gradient compared to situations without a notch. At the same time, this investigation of crack growth in low cycle creep-fatigue conditions reveals a significant influence of dwell times on crack closure, which is discussed in detail in this paper. Therefore, a fracture mechanical approach based on an elastic-(visco)plastic crack growth simulation is used to compute the cyclic effective fatigue and creep crack tip loading. The crack growth rates are then determined by a Paris and Nikbin–Smith–Webster model. All investigations are based on strain controlled conditions at different loading levels. The shape of the applied cycles is trapezoidal, having a dwell time of three minutes at maximum and minimum load, and is symmetric in tension and compression. It turns out that a separate consideration of crack opening and closure reveals an important difference in effective crack tip loading range and therefore has a significant impact on fatigue crack growth. Moreover, this paper shows that the effect of dwell times is linked to the influence on plasticity induced crack closure and to the stress relaxation during the dwell time in compression, yielding less crack closure. | ||
520 | |a The growth of short cracks in round bar specimens with a circumferential notch has been investigated by an extensive experimental study. This specific specimen geometry has been applied to determine notch support based on a reduced crack growth rate due to the induced stress gradient compared to situations without a notch. At the same time, this investigation of crack growth in low cycle creep-fatigue conditions reveals a significant influence of dwell times on crack closure, which is discussed in detail in this paper. Therefore, a fracture mechanical approach based on an elastic-(visco)plastic crack growth simulation is used to compute the cyclic effective fatigue and creep crack tip loading. The crack growth rates are then determined by a Paris and Nikbin–Smith–Webster model. All investigations are based on strain controlled conditions at different loading levels. The shape of the applied cycles is trapezoidal, having a dwell time of three minutes at maximum and minimum load, and is symmetric in tension and compression. It turns out that a separate consideration of crack opening and closure reveals an important difference in effective crack tip loading range and therefore has a significant impact on fatigue crack growth. Moreover, this paper shows that the effect of dwell times is linked to the influence on plasticity induced crack closure and to the stress relaxation during the dwell time in compression, yielding less crack closure. | ||
650 | 7 | |a Effective crack tip loading |2 Elsevier | |
650 | 7 | |a Transient crack growth simulation |2 Elsevier | |
650 | 7 | |a Dwell time |2 Elsevier | |
650 | 7 | |a Crack closure |2 Elsevier | |
700 | 1 | |a Kontermann, Christian |4 oth | |
700 | 1 | |a Oechsner, Matthias |4 oth | |
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10.1016/j.engfracmech.2022.108463 doi /cbs_pica/cbs_olc/import_discovery/elsevier/einzuspielen/GBV00000000001788.pica (DE-627)ELV057671400 (ELSEVIER)S0013-7944(22)00209-0 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 620 VZ 50.38 bkl Garnadt, Florian verfasserin aut Crack Closure in Cycles with Dwell Times at High Temperature 2022transfer abstract nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier The growth of short cracks in round bar specimens with a circumferential notch has been investigated by an extensive experimental study. This specific specimen geometry has been applied to determine notch support based on a reduced crack growth rate due to the induced stress gradient compared to situations without a notch. At the same time, this investigation of crack growth in low cycle creep-fatigue conditions reveals a significant influence of dwell times on crack closure, which is discussed in detail in this paper. Therefore, a fracture mechanical approach based on an elastic-(visco)plastic crack growth simulation is used to compute the cyclic effective fatigue and creep crack tip loading. The crack growth rates are then determined by a Paris and Nikbin–Smith–Webster model. All investigations are based on strain controlled conditions at different loading levels. The shape of the applied cycles is trapezoidal, having a dwell time of three minutes at maximum and minimum load, and is symmetric in tension and compression. It turns out that a separate consideration of crack opening and closure reveals an important difference in effective crack tip loading range and therefore has a significant impact on fatigue crack growth. Moreover, this paper shows that the effect of dwell times is linked to the influence on plasticity induced crack closure and to the stress relaxation during the dwell time in compression, yielding less crack closure. The growth of short cracks in round bar specimens with a circumferential notch has been investigated by an extensive experimental study. This specific specimen geometry has been applied to determine notch support based on a reduced crack growth rate due to the induced stress gradient compared to situations without a notch. At the same time, this investigation of crack growth in low cycle creep-fatigue conditions reveals a significant influence of dwell times on crack closure, which is discussed in detail in this paper. Therefore, a fracture mechanical approach based on an elastic-(visco)plastic crack growth simulation is used to compute the cyclic effective fatigue and creep crack tip loading. The crack growth rates are then determined by a Paris and Nikbin–Smith–Webster model. All investigations are based on strain controlled conditions at different loading levels. The shape of the applied cycles is trapezoidal, having a dwell time of three minutes at maximum and minimum load, and is symmetric in tension and compression. It turns out that a separate consideration of crack opening and closure reveals an important difference in effective crack tip loading range and therefore has a significant impact on fatigue crack growth. Moreover, this paper shows that the effect of dwell times is linked to the influence on plasticity induced crack closure and to the stress relaxation during the dwell time in compression, yielding less crack closure. Effective crack tip loading Elsevier Transient crack growth simulation Elsevier Dwell time Elsevier Crack closure Elsevier Kontermann, Christian oth Oechsner, Matthias oth Enthalten in Elsevier Science Wang, Xin ELSEVIER Dynamics of droplets impacting hydrophilic surfaces decorated with a hydrophobic strip 2019 Kidlington (DE-627)ELV001986384 volume:268 year:2022 day:1 month:06 pages:0 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfracmech.2022.108463 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U 50.38 Technische Thermodynamik VZ AR 268 2022 1 0601 0 |
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10.1016/j.engfracmech.2022.108463 doi /cbs_pica/cbs_olc/import_discovery/elsevier/einzuspielen/GBV00000000001788.pica (DE-627)ELV057671400 (ELSEVIER)S0013-7944(22)00209-0 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 620 VZ 50.38 bkl Garnadt, Florian verfasserin aut Crack Closure in Cycles with Dwell Times at High Temperature 2022transfer abstract nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier The growth of short cracks in round bar specimens with a circumferential notch has been investigated by an extensive experimental study. This specific specimen geometry has been applied to determine notch support based on a reduced crack growth rate due to the induced stress gradient compared to situations without a notch. At the same time, this investigation of crack growth in low cycle creep-fatigue conditions reveals a significant influence of dwell times on crack closure, which is discussed in detail in this paper. Therefore, a fracture mechanical approach based on an elastic-(visco)plastic crack growth simulation is used to compute the cyclic effective fatigue and creep crack tip loading. The crack growth rates are then determined by a Paris and Nikbin–Smith–Webster model. All investigations are based on strain controlled conditions at different loading levels. The shape of the applied cycles is trapezoidal, having a dwell time of three minutes at maximum and minimum load, and is symmetric in tension and compression. It turns out that a separate consideration of crack opening and closure reveals an important difference in effective crack tip loading range and therefore has a significant impact on fatigue crack growth. Moreover, this paper shows that the effect of dwell times is linked to the influence on plasticity induced crack closure and to the stress relaxation during the dwell time in compression, yielding less crack closure. The growth of short cracks in round bar specimens with a circumferential notch has been investigated by an extensive experimental study. This specific specimen geometry has been applied to determine notch support based on a reduced crack growth rate due to the induced stress gradient compared to situations without a notch. At the same time, this investigation of crack growth in low cycle creep-fatigue conditions reveals a significant influence of dwell times on crack closure, which is discussed in detail in this paper. Therefore, a fracture mechanical approach based on an elastic-(visco)plastic crack growth simulation is used to compute the cyclic effective fatigue and creep crack tip loading. The crack growth rates are then determined by a Paris and Nikbin–Smith–Webster model. All investigations are based on strain controlled conditions at different loading levels. The shape of the applied cycles is trapezoidal, having a dwell time of three minutes at maximum and minimum load, and is symmetric in tension and compression. It turns out that a separate consideration of crack opening and closure reveals an important difference in effective crack tip loading range and therefore has a significant impact on fatigue crack growth. Moreover, this paper shows that the effect of dwell times is linked to the influence on plasticity induced crack closure and to the stress relaxation during the dwell time in compression, yielding less crack closure. Effective crack tip loading Elsevier Transient crack growth simulation Elsevier Dwell time Elsevier Crack closure Elsevier Kontermann, Christian oth Oechsner, Matthias oth Enthalten in Elsevier Science Wang, Xin ELSEVIER Dynamics of droplets impacting hydrophilic surfaces decorated with a hydrophobic strip 2019 Kidlington (DE-627)ELV001986384 volume:268 year:2022 day:1 month:06 pages:0 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfracmech.2022.108463 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U 50.38 Technische Thermodynamik VZ AR 268 2022 1 0601 0 |
allfields_unstemmed |
10.1016/j.engfracmech.2022.108463 doi /cbs_pica/cbs_olc/import_discovery/elsevier/einzuspielen/GBV00000000001788.pica (DE-627)ELV057671400 (ELSEVIER)S0013-7944(22)00209-0 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 620 VZ 50.38 bkl Garnadt, Florian verfasserin aut Crack Closure in Cycles with Dwell Times at High Temperature 2022transfer abstract nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier The growth of short cracks in round bar specimens with a circumferential notch has been investigated by an extensive experimental study. This specific specimen geometry has been applied to determine notch support based on a reduced crack growth rate due to the induced stress gradient compared to situations without a notch. At the same time, this investigation of crack growth in low cycle creep-fatigue conditions reveals a significant influence of dwell times on crack closure, which is discussed in detail in this paper. Therefore, a fracture mechanical approach based on an elastic-(visco)plastic crack growth simulation is used to compute the cyclic effective fatigue and creep crack tip loading. The crack growth rates are then determined by a Paris and Nikbin–Smith–Webster model. All investigations are based on strain controlled conditions at different loading levels. The shape of the applied cycles is trapezoidal, having a dwell time of three minutes at maximum and minimum load, and is symmetric in tension and compression. It turns out that a separate consideration of crack opening and closure reveals an important difference in effective crack tip loading range and therefore has a significant impact on fatigue crack growth. Moreover, this paper shows that the effect of dwell times is linked to the influence on plasticity induced crack closure and to the stress relaxation during the dwell time in compression, yielding less crack closure. The growth of short cracks in round bar specimens with a circumferential notch has been investigated by an extensive experimental study. This specific specimen geometry has been applied to determine notch support based on a reduced crack growth rate due to the induced stress gradient compared to situations without a notch. At the same time, this investigation of crack growth in low cycle creep-fatigue conditions reveals a significant influence of dwell times on crack closure, which is discussed in detail in this paper. Therefore, a fracture mechanical approach based on an elastic-(visco)plastic crack growth simulation is used to compute the cyclic effective fatigue and creep crack tip loading. The crack growth rates are then determined by a Paris and Nikbin–Smith–Webster model. All investigations are based on strain controlled conditions at different loading levels. The shape of the applied cycles is trapezoidal, having a dwell time of three minutes at maximum and minimum load, and is symmetric in tension and compression. It turns out that a separate consideration of crack opening and closure reveals an important difference in effective crack tip loading range and therefore has a significant impact on fatigue crack growth. Moreover, this paper shows that the effect of dwell times is linked to the influence on plasticity induced crack closure and to the stress relaxation during the dwell time in compression, yielding less crack closure. Effective crack tip loading Elsevier Transient crack growth simulation Elsevier Dwell time Elsevier Crack closure Elsevier Kontermann, Christian oth Oechsner, Matthias oth Enthalten in Elsevier Science Wang, Xin ELSEVIER Dynamics of droplets impacting hydrophilic surfaces decorated with a hydrophobic strip 2019 Kidlington (DE-627)ELV001986384 volume:268 year:2022 day:1 month:06 pages:0 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfracmech.2022.108463 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U 50.38 Technische Thermodynamik VZ AR 268 2022 1 0601 0 |
allfieldsGer |
10.1016/j.engfracmech.2022.108463 doi /cbs_pica/cbs_olc/import_discovery/elsevier/einzuspielen/GBV00000000001788.pica (DE-627)ELV057671400 (ELSEVIER)S0013-7944(22)00209-0 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 620 VZ 50.38 bkl Garnadt, Florian verfasserin aut Crack Closure in Cycles with Dwell Times at High Temperature 2022transfer abstract nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier The growth of short cracks in round bar specimens with a circumferential notch has been investigated by an extensive experimental study. This specific specimen geometry has been applied to determine notch support based on a reduced crack growth rate due to the induced stress gradient compared to situations without a notch. At the same time, this investigation of crack growth in low cycle creep-fatigue conditions reveals a significant influence of dwell times on crack closure, which is discussed in detail in this paper. Therefore, a fracture mechanical approach based on an elastic-(visco)plastic crack growth simulation is used to compute the cyclic effective fatigue and creep crack tip loading. The crack growth rates are then determined by a Paris and Nikbin–Smith–Webster model. All investigations are based on strain controlled conditions at different loading levels. The shape of the applied cycles is trapezoidal, having a dwell time of three minutes at maximum and minimum load, and is symmetric in tension and compression. It turns out that a separate consideration of crack opening and closure reveals an important difference in effective crack tip loading range and therefore has a significant impact on fatigue crack growth. Moreover, this paper shows that the effect of dwell times is linked to the influence on plasticity induced crack closure and to the stress relaxation during the dwell time in compression, yielding less crack closure. The growth of short cracks in round bar specimens with a circumferential notch has been investigated by an extensive experimental study. This specific specimen geometry has been applied to determine notch support based on a reduced crack growth rate due to the induced stress gradient compared to situations without a notch. At the same time, this investigation of crack growth in low cycle creep-fatigue conditions reveals a significant influence of dwell times on crack closure, which is discussed in detail in this paper. Therefore, a fracture mechanical approach based on an elastic-(visco)plastic crack growth simulation is used to compute the cyclic effective fatigue and creep crack tip loading. The crack growth rates are then determined by a Paris and Nikbin–Smith–Webster model. All investigations are based on strain controlled conditions at different loading levels. The shape of the applied cycles is trapezoidal, having a dwell time of three minutes at maximum and minimum load, and is symmetric in tension and compression. It turns out that a separate consideration of crack opening and closure reveals an important difference in effective crack tip loading range and therefore has a significant impact on fatigue crack growth. Moreover, this paper shows that the effect of dwell times is linked to the influence on plasticity induced crack closure and to the stress relaxation during the dwell time in compression, yielding less crack closure. Effective crack tip loading Elsevier Transient crack growth simulation Elsevier Dwell time Elsevier Crack closure Elsevier Kontermann, Christian oth Oechsner, Matthias oth Enthalten in Elsevier Science Wang, Xin ELSEVIER Dynamics of droplets impacting hydrophilic surfaces decorated with a hydrophobic strip 2019 Kidlington (DE-627)ELV001986384 volume:268 year:2022 day:1 month:06 pages:0 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfracmech.2022.108463 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U 50.38 Technische Thermodynamik VZ AR 268 2022 1 0601 0 |
allfieldsSound |
10.1016/j.engfracmech.2022.108463 doi /cbs_pica/cbs_olc/import_discovery/elsevier/einzuspielen/GBV00000000001788.pica (DE-627)ELV057671400 (ELSEVIER)S0013-7944(22)00209-0 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 620 VZ 50.38 bkl Garnadt, Florian verfasserin aut Crack Closure in Cycles with Dwell Times at High Temperature 2022transfer abstract nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier The growth of short cracks in round bar specimens with a circumferential notch has been investigated by an extensive experimental study. This specific specimen geometry has been applied to determine notch support based on a reduced crack growth rate due to the induced stress gradient compared to situations without a notch. At the same time, this investigation of crack growth in low cycle creep-fatigue conditions reveals a significant influence of dwell times on crack closure, which is discussed in detail in this paper. Therefore, a fracture mechanical approach based on an elastic-(visco)plastic crack growth simulation is used to compute the cyclic effective fatigue and creep crack tip loading. The crack growth rates are then determined by a Paris and Nikbin–Smith–Webster model. All investigations are based on strain controlled conditions at different loading levels. The shape of the applied cycles is trapezoidal, having a dwell time of three minutes at maximum and minimum load, and is symmetric in tension and compression. It turns out that a separate consideration of crack opening and closure reveals an important difference in effective crack tip loading range and therefore has a significant impact on fatigue crack growth. Moreover, this paper shows that the effect of dwell times is linked to the influence on plasticity induced crack closure and to the stress relaxation during the dwell time in compression, yielding less crack closure. The growth of short cracks in round bar specimens with a circumferential notch has been investigated by an extensive experimental study. This specific specimen geometry has been applied to determine notch support based on a reduced crack growth rate due to the induced stress gradient compared to situations without a notch. At the same time, this investigation of crack growth in low cycle creep-fatigue conditions reveals a significant influence of dwell times on crack closure, which is discussed in detail in this paper. Therefore, a fracture mechanical approach based on an elastic-(visco)plastic crack growth simulation is used to compute the cyclic effective fatigue and creep crack tip loading. The crack growth rates are then determined by a Paris and Nikbin–Smith–Webster model. All investigations are based on strain controlled conditions at different loading levels. The shape of the applied cycles is trapezoidal, having a dwell time of three minutes at maximum and minimum load, and is symmetric in tension and compression. It turns out that a separate consideration of crack opening and closure reveals an important difference in effective crack tip loading range and therefore has a significant impact on fatigue crack growth. Moreover, this paper shows that the effect of dwell times is linked to the influence on plasticity induced crack closure and to the stress relaxation during the dwell time in compression, yielding less crack closure. Effective crack tip loading Elsevier Transient crack growth simulation Elsevier Dwell time Elsevier Crack closure Elsevier Kontermann, Christian oth Oechsner, Matthias oth Enthalten in Elsevier Science Wang, Xin ELSEVIER Dynamics of droplets impacting hydrophilic surfaces decorated with a hydrophobic strip 2019 Kidlington (DE-627)ELV001986384 volume:268 year:2022 day:1 month:06 pages:0 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfracmech.2022.108463 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U 50.38 Technische Thermodynamik VZ AR 268 2022 1 0601 0 |
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This specific specimen geometry has been applied to determine notch support based on a reduced crack growth rate due to the induced stress gradient compared to situations without a notch. At the same time, this investigation of crack growth in low cycle creep-fatigue conditions reveals a significant influence of dwell times on crack closure, which is discussed in detail in this paper. Therefore, a fracture mechanical approach based on an elastic-(visco)plastic crack growth simulation is used to compute the cyclic effective fatigue and creep crack tip loading. The crack growth rates are then determined by a Paris and Nikbin–Smith–Webster model. All investigations are based on strain controlled conditions at different loading levels. The shape of the applied cycles is trapezoidal, having a dwell time of three minutes at maximum and minimum load, and is symmetric in tension and compression. It turns out that a separate consideration of crack opening and closure reveals an important difference in effective crack tip loading range and therefore has a significant impact on fatigue crack growth. Moreover, this paper shows that the effect of dwell times is linked to the influence on plasticity induced crack closure and to the stress relaxation during the dwell time in compression, yielding less crack closure.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">The growth of short cracks in round bar specimens with a circumferential notch has been investigated by an extensive experimental study. This specific specimen geometry has been applied to determine notch support based on a reduced crack growth rate due to the induced stress gradient compared to situations without a notch. 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Crack Closure in Cycles with Dwell Times at High Temperature |
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The growth of short cracks in round bar specimens with a circumferential notch has been investigated by an extensive experimental study. This specific specimen geometry has been applied to determine notch support based on a reduced crack growth rate due to the induced stress gradient compared to situations without a notch. At the same time, this investigation of crack growth in low cycle creep-fatigue conditions reveals a significant influence of dwell times on crack closure, which is discussed in detail in this paper. Therefore, a fracture mechanical approach based on an elastic-(visco)plastic crack growth simulation is used to compute the cyclic effective fatigue and creep crack tip loading. The crack growth rates are then determined by a Paris and Nikbin–Smith–Webster model. All investigations are based on strain controlled conditions at different loading levels. The shape of the applied cycles is trapezoidal, having a dwell time of three minutes at maximum and minimum load, and is symmetric in tension and compression. It turns out that a separate consideration of crack opening and closure reveals an important difference in effective crack tip loading range and therefore has a significant impact on fatigue crack growth. Moreover, this paper shows that the effect of dwell times is linked to the influence on plasticity induced crack closure and to the stress relaxation during the dwell time in compression, yielding less crack closure. |
abstractGer |
The growth of short cracks in round bar specimens with a circumferential notch has been investigated by an extensive experimental study. This specific specimen geometry has been applied to determine notch support based on a reduced crack growth rate due to the induced stress gradient compared to situations without a notch. At the same time, this investigation of crack growth in low cycle creep-fatigue conditions reveals a significant influence of dwell times on crack closure, which is discussed in detail in this paper. Therefore, a fracture mechanical approach based on an elastic-(visco)plastic crack growth simulation is used to compute the cyclic effective fatigue and creep crack tip loading. The crack growth rates are then determined by a Paris and Nikbin–Smith–Webster model. All investigations are based on strain controlled conditions at different loading levels. The shape of the applied cycles is trapezoidal, having a dwell time of three minutes at maximum and minimum load, and is symmetric in tension and compression. It turns out that a separate consideration of crack opening and closure reveals an important difference in effective crack tip loading range and therefore has a significant impact on fatigue crack growth. Moreover, this paper shows that the effect of dwell times is linked to the influence on plasticity induced crack closure and to the stress relaxation during the dwell time in compression, yielding less crack closure. |
abstract_unstemmed |
The growth of short cracks in round bar specimens with a circumferential notch has been investigated by an extensive experimental study. This specific specimen geometry has been applied to determine notch support based on a reduced crack growth rate due to the induced stress gradient compared to situations without a notch. At the same time, this investigation of crack growth in low cycle creep-fatigue conditions reveals a significant influence of dwell times on crack closure, which is discussed in detail in this paper. Therefore, a fracture mechanical approach based on an elastic-(visco)plastic crack growth simulation is used to compute the cyclic effective fatigue and creep crack tip loading. The crack growth rates are then determined by a Paris and Nikbin–Smith–Webster model. All investigations are based on strain controlled conditions at different loading levels. The shape of the applied cycles is trapezoidal, having a dwell time of three minutes at maximum and minimum load, and is symmetric in tension and compression. It turns out that a separate consideration of crack opening and closure reveals an important difference in effective crack tip loading range and therefore has a significant impact on fatigue crack growth. Moreover, this paper shows that the effect of dwell times is linked to the influence on plasticity induced crack closure and to the stress relaxation during the dwell time in compression, yielding less crack closure. |
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Crack Closure in Cycles with Dwell Times at High Temperature |
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