NMR Characterization of unfrozen brine vein distribution and structure in model packed beds
When a brine mixed with particles is frozen, some liquid water persists due to the freezing point depression caused by the solute impurity, surface energy, and disjoining pressure (wetting forces). This unfrozen water forms a complex “liquid vein network” (LVN). However, details of the freezing proc...
Ausführliche Beschreibung
Gespeichert in:
| Autor*in: |
Lei, Peng [verfasserIn] |
|---|
| Format: |
E-Artikel |
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| Sprache: |
Englisch |
| Erschienen: |
2022transfer abstract |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
Enthalten in: Effect of Cydonia oblonga Mill. fruit and leaf extracts on blood pressure and blood rheology in renal hypertensive rats - Zhou, Wenting ELSEVIER, 2014, Amsterdam [u.a.] |
|---|---|
| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:199 ; year:2022 ; pages:0 |
| Links: |
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| DOI / URN: |
10.1016/j.coldregions.2022.103572 |
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ELV057718652 |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a NMR Characterization of unfrozen brine vein distribution and structure in model packed beds |
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| 520 | |a When a brine mixed with particles is frozen, some liquid water persists due to the freezing point depression caused by the solute impurity, surface energy, and disjoining pressure (wetting forces). This unfrozen water forms a complex “liquid vein network” (LVN). However, details of the freezing process are still not fully understood, including the permeability/tortuosity of the LVN, and the unfrozen water content at a given temperature. Here, we have applied nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) relaxation, self-diffusion measurements and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to investigate the distribution and structure of LVNs. Magnesium chloride (MgCl2) salt concentrations of 15, 30, and 60 mM were investigated with and without poly-methyl methacrylate (PMMA) particles of diameter 0.4, 9.9, and 102.2 μm, allowing us to quantify unfrozen water content and the structure of the LVN as a function of temperature, MgCl2 concentration, and PMMA particle size. The results of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and self-diffusion confirm that the inhibition of ice recrystallization is a function of particle size. To gain information on LVN structure, we compared NMR results to Monte Carlo simulations of freezing in brine-particle systems. Comparisons between laboratory and simulation data suggest that, for our experimental range of temperature (−17.4 °C to −0.9 °C ± 0.5 °C), solutes make the dominant contribution to the unfrozen liquid fraction for particle sizes larger than a few microns, whereas in the finest grained porous media we tested, the unfrozen liquid fraction is controlled primarily by the films that wet particle-ice interfaces. | ||
| 520 | |a When a brine mixed with particles is frozen, some liquid water persists due to the freezing point depression caused by the solute impurity, surface energy, and disjoining pressure (wetting forces). This unfrozen water forms a complex “liquid vein network” (LVN). However, details of the freezing process are still not fully understood, including the permeability/tortuosity of the LVN, and the unfrozen water content at a given temperature. Here, we have applied nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) relaxation, self-diffusion measurements and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to investigate the distribution and structure of LVNs. Magnesium chloride (MgCl2) salt concentrations of 15, 30, and 60 mM were investigated with and without poly-methyl methacrylate (PMMA) particles of diameter 0.4, 9.9, and 102.2 μm, allowing us to quantify unfrozen water content and the structure of the LVN as a function of temperature, MgCl2 concentration, and PMMA particle size. The results of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and self-diffusion confirm that the inhibition of ice recrystallization is a function of particle size. To gain information on LVN structure, we compared NMR results to Monte Carlo simulations of freezing in brine-particle systems. Comparisons between laboratory and simulation data suggest that, for our experimental range of temperature (−17.4 °C to −0.9 °C ± 0.5 °C), solutes make the dominant contribution to the unfrozen liquid fraction for particle sizes larger than a few microns, whereas in the finest grained porous media we tested, the unfrozen liquid fraction is controlled primarily by the films that wet particle-ice interfaces. | ||
| 700 | 1 | |a Young, Mark W. |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Seymour, Joseph D. |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Stillman, David E. |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Primm, Katie |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Sizemore, Hanna G. |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Rempel, Alan W. |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Codd, Sarah L. |4 oth | |
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10.1016/j.coldregions.2022.103572 doi /cbs_pica/cbs_olc/import_discovery/elsevier/einzuspielen/GBV00000000001774.pica (DE-627)ELV057718652 (ELSEVIER)S0165-232X(22)00091-X DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 610 VZ 390 VZ 300 610 VZ 44.06 bkl Lei, Peng verfasserin aut NMR Characterization of unfrozen brine vein distribution and structure in model packed beds 2022transfer abstract nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier When a brine mixed with particles is frozen, some liquid water persists due to the freezing point depression caused by the solute impurity, surface energy, and disjoining pressure (wetting forces). This unfrozen water forms a complex “liquid vein network” (LVN). However, details of the freezing process are still not fully understood, including the permeability/tortuosity of the LVN, and the unfrozen water content at a given temperature. Here, we have applied nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) relaxation, self-diffusion measurements and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to investigate the distribution and structure of LVNs. Magnesium chloride (MgCl2) salt concentrations of 15, 30, and 60 mM were investigated with and without poly-methyl methacrylate (PMMA) particles of diameter 0.4, 9.9, and 102.2 μm, allowing us to quantify unfrozen water content and the structure of the LVN as a function of temperature, MgCl2 concentration, and PMMA particle size. The results of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and self-diffusion confirm that the inhibition of ice recrystallization is a function of particle size. To gain information on LVN structure, we compared NMR results to Monte Carlo simulations of freezing in brine-particle systems. Comparisons between laboratory and simulation data suggest that, for our experimental range of temperature (−17.4 °C to −0.9 °C ± 0.5 °C), solutes make the dominant contribution to the unfrozen liquid fraction for particle sizes larger than a few microns, whereas in the finest grained porous media we tested, the unfrozen liquid fraction is controlled primarily by the films that wet particle-ice interfaces. When a brine mixed with particles is frozen, some liquid water persists due to the freezing point depression caused by the solute impurity, surface energy, and disjoining pressure (wetting forces). This unfrozen water forms a complex “liquid vein network” (LVN). However, details of the freezing process are still not fully understood, including the permeability/tortuosity of the LVN, and the unfrozen water content at a given temperature. Here, we have applied nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) relaxation, self-diffusion measurements and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to investigate the distribution and structure of LVNs. Magnesium chloride (MgCl2) salt concentrations of 15, 30, and 60 mM were investigated with and without poly-methyl methacrylate (PMMA) particles of diameter 0.4, 9.9, and 102.2 μm, allowing us to quantify unfrozen water content and the structure of the LVN as a function of temperature, MgCl2 concentration, and PMMA particle size. The results of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and self-diffusion confirm that the inhibition of ice recrystallization is a function of particle size. To gain information on LVN structure, we compared NMR results to Monte Carlo simulations of freezing in brine-particle systems. Comparisons between laboratory and simulation data suggest that, for our experimental range of temperature (−17.4 °C to −0.9 °C ± 0.5 °C), solutes make the dominant contribution to the unfrozen liquid fraction for particle sizes larger than a few microns, whereas in the finest grained porous media we tested, the unfrozen liquid fraction is controlled primarily by the films that wet particle-ice interfaces. Young, Mark W. oth Seymour, Joseph D. oth Stillman, David E. oth Primm, Katie oth Sizemore, Hanna G. oth Rempel, Alan W. oth Codd, Sarah L. oth Enthalten in Elsevier Science Zhou, Wenting ELSEVIER Effect of Cydonia oblonga Mill. fruit and leaf extracts on blood pressure and blood rheology in renal hypertensive rats 2014 Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV01752489X volume:199 year:2022 pages:0 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2022.103572 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_70 44.06 Medizinsoziologie VZ AR 199 2022 0 |
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10.1016/j.coldregions.2022.103572 doi /cbs_pica/cbs_olc/import_discovery/elsevier/einzuspielen/GBV00000000001774.pica (DE-627)ELV057718652 (ELSEVIER)S0165-232X(22)00091-X DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 610 VZ 390 VZ 300 610 VZ 44.06 bkl Lei, Peng verfasserin aut NMR Characterization of unfrozen brine vein distribution and structure in model packed beds 2022transfer abstract nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier When a brine mixed with particles is frozen, some liquid water persists due to the freezing point depression caused by the solute impurity, surface energy, and disjoining pressure (wetting forces). This unfrozen water forms a complex “liquid vein network” (LVN). However, details of the freezing process are still not fully understood, including the permeability/tortuosity of the LVN, and the unfrozen water content at a given temperature. Here, we have applied nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) relaxation, self-diffusion measurements and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to investigate the distribution and structure of LVNs. Magnesium chloride (MgCl2) salt concentrations of 15, 30, and 60 mM were investigated with and without poly-methyl methacrylate (PMMA) particles of diameter 0.4, 9.9, and 102.2 μm, allowing us to quantify unfrozen water content and the structure of the LVN as a function of temperature, MgCl2 concentration, and PMMA particle size. The results of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and self-diffusion confirm that the inhibition of ice recrystallization is a function of particle size. To gain information on LVN structure, we compared NMR results to Monte Carlo simulations of freezing in brine-particle systems. Comparisons between laboratory and simulation data suggest that, for our experimental range of temperature (−17.4 °C to −0.9 °C ± 0.5 °C), solutes make the dominant contribution to the unfrozen liquid fraction for particle sizes larger than a few microns, whereas in the finest grained porous media we tested, the unfrozen liquid fraction is controlled primarily by the films that wet particle-ice interfaces. When a brine mixed with particles is frozen, some liquid water persists due to the freezing point depression caused by the solute impurity, surface energy, and disjoining pressure (wetting forces). This unfrozen water forms a complex “liquid vein network” (LVN). However, details of the freezing process are still not fully understood, including the permeability/tortuosity of the LVN, and the unfrozen water content at a given temperature. Here, we have applied nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) relaxation, self-diffusion measurements and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to investigate the distribution and structure of LVNs. Magnesium chloride (MgCl2) salt concentrations of 15, 30, and 60 mM were investigated with and without poly-methyl methacrylate (PMMA) particles of diameter 0.4, 9.9, and 102.2 μm, allowing us to quantify unfrozen water content and the structure of the LVN as a function of temperature, MgCl2 concentration, and PMMA particle size. The results of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and self-diffusion confirm that the inhibition of ice recrystallization is a function of particle size. To gain information on LVN structure, we compared NMR results to Monte Carlo simulations of freezing in brine-particle systems. Comparisons between laboratory and simulation data suggest that, for our experimental range of temperature (−17.4 °C to −0.9 °C ± 0.5 °C), solutes make the dominant contribution to the unfrozen liquid fraction for particle sizes larger than a few microns, whereas in the finest grained porous media we tested, the unfrozen liquid fraction is controlled primarily by the films that wet particle-ice interfaces. Young, Mark W. oth Seymour, Joseph D. oth Stillman, David E. oth Primm, Katie oth Sizemore, Hanna G. oth Rempel, Alan W. oth Codd, Sarah L. oth Enthalten in Elsevier Science Zhou, Wenting ELSEVIER Effect of Cydonia oblonga Mill. fruit and leaf extracts on blood pressure and blood rheology in renal hypertensive rats 2014 Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV01752489X volume:199 year:2022 pages:0 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2022.103572 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_70 44.06 Medizinsoziologie VZ AR 199 2022 0 |
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10.1016/j.coldregions.2022.103572 doi /cbs_pica/cbs_olc/import_discovery/elsevier/einzuspielen/GBV00000000001774.pica (DE-627)ELV057718652 (ELSEVIER)S0165-232X(22)00091-X DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 610 VZ 390 VZ 300 610 VZ 44.06 bkl Lei, Peng verfasserin aut NMR Characterization of unfrozen brine vein distribution and structure in model packed beds 2022transfer abstract nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier When a brine mixed with particles is frozen, some liquid water persists due to the freezing point depression caused by the solute impurity, surface energy, and disjoining pressure (wetting forces). This unfrozen water forms a complex “liquid vein network” (LVN). However, details of the freezing process are still not fully understood, including the permeability/tortuosity of the LVN, and the unfrozen water content at a given temperature. Here, we have applied nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) relaxation, self-diffusion measurements and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to investigate the distribution and structure of LVNs. Magnesium chloride (MgCl2) salt concentrations of 15, 30, and 60 mM were investigated with and without poly-methyl methacrylate (PMMA) particles of diameter 0.4, 9.9, and 102.2 μm, allowing us to quantify unfrozen water content and the structure of the LVN as a function of temperature, MgCl2 concentration, and PMMA particle size. The results of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and self-diffusion confirm that the inhibition of ice recrystallization is a function of particle size. To gain information on LVN structure, we compared NMR results to Monte Carlo simulations of freezing in brine-particle systems. Comparisons between laboratory and simulation data suggest that, for our experimental range of temperature (−17.4 °C to −0.9 °C ± 0.5 °C), solutes make the dominant contribution to the unfrozen liquid fraction for particle sizes larger than a few microns, whereas in the finest grained porous media we tested, the unfrozen liquid fraction is controlled primarily by the films that wet particle-ice interfaces. When a brine mixed with particles is frozen, some liquid water persists due to the freezing point depression caused by the solute impurity, surface energy, and disjoining pressure (wetting forces). This unfrozen water forms a complex “liquid vein network” (LVN). However, details of the freezing process are still not fully understood, including the permeability/tortuosity of the LVN, and the unfrozen water content at a given temperature. Here, we have applied nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) relaxation, self-diffusion measurements and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to investigate the distribution and structure of LVNs. Magnesium chloride (MgCl2) salt concentrations of 15, 30, and 60 mM were investigated with and without poly-methyl methacrylate (PMMA) particles of diameter 0.4, 9.9, and 102.2 μm, allowing us to quantify unfrozen water content and the structure of the LVN as a function of temperature, MgCl2 concentration, and PMMA particle size. The results of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and self-diffusion confirm that the inhibition of ice recrystallization is a function of particle size. To gain information on LVN structure, we compared NMR results to Monte Carlo simulations of freezing in brine-particle systems. Comparisons between laboratory and simulation data suggest that, for our experimental range of temperature (−17.4 °C to −0.9 °C ± 0.5 °C), solutes make the dominant contribution to the unfrozen liquid fraction for particle sizes larger than a few microns, whereas in the finest grained porous media we tested, the unfrozen liquid fraction is controlled primarily by the films that wet particle-ice interfaces. Young, Mark W. oth Seymour, Joseph D. oth Stillman, David E. oth Primm, Katie oth Sizemore, Hanna G. oth Rempel, Alan W. oth Codd, Sarah L. oth Enthalten in Elsevier Science Zhou, Wenting ELSEVIER Effect of Cydonia oblonga Mill. fruit and leaf extracts on blood pressure and blood rheology in renal hypertensive rats 2014 Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV01752489X volume:199 year:2022 pages:0 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2022.103572 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_70 44.06 Medizinsoziologie VZ AR 199 2022 0 |
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10.1016/j.coldregions.2022.103572 doi /cbs_pica/cbs_olc/import_discovery/elsevier/einzuspielen/GBV00000000001774.pica (DE-627)ELV057718652 (ELSEVIER)S0165-232X(22)00091-X DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 610 VZ 390 VZ 300 610 VZ 44.06 bkl Lei, Peng verfasserin aut NMR Characterization of unfrozen brine vein distribution and structure in model packed beds 2022transfer abstract nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier When a brine mixed with particles is frozen, some liquid water persists due to the freezing point depression caused by the solute impurity, surface energy, and disjoining pressure (wetting forces). This unfrozen water forms a complex “liquid vein network” (LVN). However, details of the freezing process are still not fully understood, including the permeability/tortuosity of the LVN, and the unfrozen water content at a given temperature. Here, we have applied nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) relaxation, self-diffusion measurements and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to investigate the distribution and structure of LVNs. Magnesium chloride (MgCl2) salt concentrations of 15, 30, and 60 mM were investigated with and without poly-methyl methacrylate (PMMA) particles of diameter 0.4, 9.9, and 102.2 μm, allowing us to quantify unfrozen water content and the structure of the LVN as a function of temperature, MgCl2 concentration, and PMMA particle size. The results of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and self-diffusion confirm that the inhibition of ice recrystallization is a function of particle size. To gain information on LVN structure, we compared NMR results to Monte Carlo simulations of freezing in brine-particle systems. Comparisons between laboratory and simulation data suggest that, for our experimental range of temperature (−17.4 °C to −0.9 °C ± 0.5 °C), solutes make the dominant contribution to the unfrozen liquid fraction for particle sizes larger than a few microns, whereas in the finest grained porous media we tested, the unfrozen liquid fraction is controlled primarily by the films that wet particle-ice interfaces. When a brine mixed with particles is frozen, some liquid water persists due to the freezing point depression caused by the solute impurity, surface energy, and disjoining pressure (wetting forces). This unfrozen water forms a complex “liquid vein network” (LVN). However, details of the freezing process are still not fully understood, including the permeability/tortuosity of the LVN, and the unfrozen water content at a given temperature. Here, we have applied nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) relaxation, self-diffusion measurements and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to investigate the distribution and structure of LVNs. Magnesium chloride (MgCl2) salt concentrations of 15, 30, and 60 mM were investigated with and without poly-methyl methacrylate (PMMA) particles of diameter 0.4, 9.9, and 102.2 μm, allowing us to quantify unfrozen water content and the structure of the LVN as a function of temperature, MgCl2 concentration, and PMMA particle size. The results of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and self-diffusion confirm that the inhibition of ice recrystallization is a function of particle size. To gain information on LVN structure, we compared NMR results to Monte Carlo simulations of freezing in brine-particle systems. Comparisons between laboratory and simulation data suggest that, for our experimental range of temperature (−17.4 °C to −0.9 °C ± 0.5 °C), solutes make the dominant contribution to the unfrozen liquid fraction for particle sizes larger than a few microns, whereas in the finest grained porous media we tested, the unfrozen liquid fraction is controlled primarily by the films that wet particle-ice interfaces. Young, Mark W. oth Seymour, Joseph D. oth Stillman, David E. oth Primm, Katie oth Sizemore, Hanna G. oth Rempel, Alan W. oth Codd, Sarah L. oth Enthalten in Elsevier Science Zhou, Wenting ELSEVIER Effect of Cydonia oblonga Mill. fruit and leaf extracts on blood pressure and blood rheology in renal hypertensive rats 2014 Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV01752489X volume:199 year:2022 pages:0 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2022.103572 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_70 44.06 Medizinsoziologie VZ AR 199 2022 0 |
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10.1016/j.coldregions.2022.103572 doi /cbs_pica/cbs_olc/import_discovery/elsevier/einzuspielen/GBV00000000001774.pica (DE-627)ELV057718652 (ELSEVIER)S0165-232X(22)00091-X DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 610 VZ 390 VZ 300 610 VZ 44.06 bkl Lei, Peng verfasserin aut NMR Characterization of unfrozen brine vein distribution and structure in model packed beds 2022transfer abstract nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier When a brine mixed with particles is frozen, some liquid water persists due to the freezing point depression caused by the solute impurity, surface energy, and disjoining pressure (wetting forces). This unfrozen water forms a complex “liquid vein network” (LVN). However, details of the freezing process are still not fully understood, including the permeability/tortuosity of the LVN, and the unfrozen water content at a given temperature. Here, we have applied nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) relaxation, self-diffusion measurements and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to investigate the distribution and structure of LVNs. Magnesium chloride (MgCl2) salt concentrations of 15, 30, and 60 mM were investigated with and without poly-methyl methacrylate (PMMA) particles of diameter 0.4, 9.9, and 102.2 μm, allowing us to quantify unfrozen water content and the structure of the LVN as a function of temperature, MgCl2 concentration, and PMMA particle size. The results of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and self-diffusion confirm that the inhibition of ice recrystallization is a function of particle size. To gain information on LVN structure, we compared NMR results to Monte Carlo simulations of freezing in brine-particle systems. Comparisons between laboratory and simulation data suggest that, for our experimental range of temperature (−17.4 °C to −0.9 °C ± 0.5 °C), solutes make the dominant contribution to the unfrozen liquid fraction for particle sizes larger than a few microns, whereas in the finest grained porous media we tested, the unfrozen liquid fraction is controlled primarily by the films that wet particle-ice interfaces. When a brine mixed with particles is frozen, some liquid water persists due to the freezing point depression caused by the solute impurity, surface energy, and disjoining pressure (wetting forces). This unfrozen water forms a complex “liquid vein network” (LVN). However, details of the freezing process are still not fully understood, including the permeability/tortuosity of the LVN, and the unfrozen water content at a given temperature. Here, we have applied nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) relaxation, self-diffusion measurements and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to investigate the distribution and structure of LVNs. Magnesium chloride (MgCl2) salt concentrations of 15, 30, and 60 mM were investigated with and without poly-methyl methacrylate (PMMA) particles of diameter 0.4, 9.9, and 102.2 μm, allowing us to quantify unfrozen water content and the structure of the LVN as a function of temperature, MgCl2 concentration, and PMMA particle size. The results of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and self-diffusion confirm that the inhibition of ice recrystallization is a function of particle size. To gain information on LVN structure, we compared NMR results to Monte Carlo simulations of freezing in brine-particle systems. Comparisons between laboratory and simulation data suggest that, for our experimental range of temperature (−17.4 °C to −0.9 °C ± 0.5 °C), solutes make the dominant contribution to the unfrozen liquid fraction for particle sizes larger than a few microns, whereas in the finest grained porous media we tested, the unfrozen liquid fraction is controlled primarily by the films that wet particle-ice interfaces. Young, Mark W. oth Seymour, Joseph D. oth Stillman, David E. oth Primm, Katie oth Sizemore, Hanna G. oth Rempel, Alan W. oth Codd, Sarah L. oth Enthalten in Elsevier Science Zhou, Wenting ELSEVIER Effect of Cydonia oblonga Mill. fruit and leaf extracts on blood pressure and blood rheology in renal hypertensive rats 2014 Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV01752489X volume:199 year:2022 pages:0 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2022.103572 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_70 44.06 Medizinsoziologie VZ AR 199 2022 0 |
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Effect of Cydonia oblonga Mill. fruit and leaf extracts on blood pressure and blood rheology in renal hypertensive rats |
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nmr characterization of unfrozen brine vein distribution and structure in model packed beds |
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NMR Characterization of unfrozen brine vein distribution and structure in model packed beds |
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When a brine mixed with particles is frozen, some liquid water persists due to the freezing point depression caused by the solute impurity, surface energy, and disjoining pressure (wetting forces). This unfrozen water forms a complex “liquid vein network” (LVN). However, details of the freezing process are still not fully understood, including the permeability/tortuosity of the LVN, and the unfrozen water content at a given temperature. Here, we have applied nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) relaxation, self-diffusion measurements and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to investigate the distribution and structure of LVNs. Magnesium chloride (MgCl2) salt concentrations of 15, 30, and 60 mM were investigated with and without poly-methyl methacrylate (PMMA) particles of diameter 0.4, 9.9, and 102.2 μm, allowing us to quantify unfrozen water content and the structure of the LVN as a function of temperature, MgCl2 concentration, and PMMA particle size. The results of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and self-diffusion confirm that the inhibition of ice recrystallization is a function of particle size. To gain information on LVN structure, we compared NMR results to Monte Carlo simulations of freezing in brine-particle systems. Comparisons between laboratory and simulation data suggest that, for our experimental range of temperature (−17.4 °C to −0.9 °C ± 0.5 °C), solutes make the dominant contribution to the unfrozen liquid fraction for particle sizes larger than a few microns, whereas in the finest grained porous media we tested, the unfrozen liquid fraction is controlled primarily by the films that wet particle-ice interfaces. |
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When a brine mixed with particles is frozen, some liquid water persists due to the freezing point depression caused by the solute impurity, surface energy, and disjoining pressure (wetting forces). This unfrozen water forms a complex “liquid vein network” (LVN). However, details of the freezing process are still not fully understood, including the permeability/tortuosity of the LVN, and the unfrozen water content at a given temperature. Here, we have applied nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) relaxation, self-diffusion measurements and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to investigate the distribution and structure of LVNs. Magnesium chloride (MgCl2) salt concentrations of 15, 30, and 60 mM were investigated with and without poly-methyl methacrylate (PMMA) particles of diameter 0.4, 9.9, and 102.2 μm, allowing us to quantify unfrozen water content and the structure of the LVN as a function of temperature, MgCl2 concentration, and PMMA particle size. The results of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and self-diffusion confirm that the inhibition of ice recrystallization is a function of particle size. To gain information on LVN structure, we compared NMR results to Monte Carlo simulations of freezing in brine-particle systems. Comparisons between laboratory and simulation data suggest that, for our experimental range of temperature (−17.4 °C to −0.9 °C ± 0.5 °C), solutes make the dominant contribution to the unfrozen liquid fraction for particle sizes larger than a few microns, whereas in the finest grained porous media we tested, the unfrozen liquid fraction is controlled primarily by the films that wet particle-ice interfaces. |
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When a brine mixed with particles is frozen, some liquid water persists due to the freezing point depression caused by the solute impurity, surface energy, and disjoining pressure (wetting forces). This unfrozen water forms a complex “liquid vein network” (LVN). However, details of the freezing process are still not fully understood, including the permeability/tortuosity of the LVN, and the unfrozen water content at a given temperature. Here, we have applied nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) relaxation, self-diffusion measurements and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to investigate the distribution and structure of LVNs. Magnesium chloride (MgCl2) salt concentrations of 15, 30, and 60 mM were investigated with and without poly-methyl methacrylate (PMMA) particles of diameter 0.4, 9.9, and 102.2 μm, allowing us to quantify unfrozen water content and the structure of the LVN as a function of temperature, MgCl2 concentration, and PMMA particle size. The results of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and self-diffusion confirm that the inhibition of ice recrystallization is a function of particle size. To gain information on LVN structure, we compared NMR results to Monte Carlo simulations of freezing in brine-particle systems. Comparisons between laboratory and simulation data suggest that, for our experimental range of temperature (−17.4 °C to −0.9 °C ± 0.5 °C), solutes make the dominant contribution to the unfrozen liquid fraction for particle sizes larger than a few microns, whereas in the finest grained porous media we tested, the unfrozen liquid fraction is controlled primarily by the films that wet particle-ice interfaces. |
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