Social class and age-earnings trajectories in 14 European countries
In this paper, we seek to contribute to ongoing discussions of the relationship between income and class in analyses of social inequality and mobility. We argue that while class has sometimes been taken as a proxy for long-term earnings levels, it is of greater importance, at least when treated in t...
Ausführliche Beschreibung
Gespeichert in:
| Autor*in: |
Westhoff, Leonie [verfasserIn] |
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| Format: |
E-Artikel |
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| Sprache: |
Englisch |
| Erschienen: |
2022transfer abstract |
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| Schlagwörter: |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
Enthalten in: Evaluation of heavy metals in hazardous automobile shredder residue thermal residue and immobilization with novel nano-size calcium dispersed reagent - Lee, Chi-Hyeon ELSEVIER, 2015, Amsterdam [u.a.] |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:81 ; year:2022 ; pages:0 |
| Links: |
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| DOI / URN: |
10.1016/j.rssm.2022.100726 |
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ELV059229098 |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Social class and age-earnings trajectories in 14 European countries |
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| 520 | |a In this paper, we seek to contribute to ongoing discussions of the relationship between income and class in analyses of social inequality and mobility. We argue that while class has sometimes been taken as a proxy for long-term earnings levels, it is of greater importance, at least when treated in terms of the EGP schema or the European Socio-Economic Classification (ESEC), in capturing differences in age-earnings trajectories. Moving beyond previous single country studies, we examine how far the theory that underlies ESEC is reflected in men’s age-earnings trajectories across 14 European countries, while also taking into account any effects of their educational qualifications. Modelling data from the 2017 EU-SILC survey, and focussing on men’s full year/full-time equivalent gross annual earnings, we find that although the age-earnings trajectories that are estimated for different classes do reveal some cross-national variation, there are major features, of a theoretically expected kind, that are evident in our pooled sample and that regularly recur in individual countries. Class differences in earnings are at their narrowest for men in the youngest age group that we distinguish but then widen across older age groups. This occurs primarily because the earnings of men in the professional and managerial salariat, and especially in the higher salariat, show a marked rise with age, while the earnings of men in other classes rise far less sharply or remain flat. We also find evidence that these diverging trajectories are primarily shaped by individuals’ class positions independently of their level of educational qualification – however important the latter in determining the class positions that they hold. What can be regarded as the logic of different forms of employment relations lead to a large degree of cross-national commonality in the association that exists between class and earnings at different ages. | ||
| 520 | |a In this paper, we seek to contribute to ongoing discussions of the relationship between income and class in analyses of social inequality and mobility. We argue that while class has sometimes been taken as a proxy for long-term earnings levels, it is of greater importance, at least when treated in terms of the EGP schema or the European Socio-Economic Classification (ESEC), in capturing differences in age-earnings trajectories. Moving beyond previous single country studies, we examine how far the theory that underlies ESEC is reflected in men’s age-earnings trajectories across 14 European countries, while also taking into account any effects of their educational qualifications. Modelling data from the 2017 EU-SILC survey, and focussing on men’s full year/full-time equivalent gross annual earnings, we find that although the age-earnings trajectories that are estimated for different classes do reveal some cross-national variation, there are major features, of a theoretically expected kind, that are evident in our pooled sample and that regularly recur in individual countries. Class differences in earnings are at their narrowest for men in the youngest age group that we distinguish but then widen across older age groups. This occurs primarily because the earnings of men in the professional and managerial salariat, and especially in the higher salariat, show a marked rise with age, while the earnings of men in other classes rise far less sharply or remain flat. We also find evidence that these diverging trajectories are primarily shaped by individuals’ class positions independently of their level of educational qualification – however important the latter in determining the class positions that they hold. What can be regarded as the logic of different forms of employment relations lead to a large degree of cross-national commonality in the association that exists between class and earnings at different ages. | ||
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10.1016/j.rssm.2022.100726 doi /cbs_pica/cbs_olc/import_discovery/elsevier/einzuspielen/GBV00000000001935.pica (DE-627)ELV059229098 (ELSEVIER)S0276-5624(22)00053-1 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 530 VZ 333.7 610 VZ 43.12 bkl 43.13 bkl 44.13 bkl Westhoff, Leonie verfasserin aut Social class and age-earnings trajectories in 14 European countries 2022transfer abstract nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier In this paper, we seek to contribute to ongoing discussions of the relationship between income and class in analyses of social inequality and mobility. We argue that while class has sometimes been taken as a proxy for long-term earnings levels, it is of greater importance, at least when treated in terms of the EGP schema or the European Socio-Economic Classification (ESEC), in capturing differences in age-earnings trajectories. Moving beyond previous single country studies, we examine how far the theory that underlies ESEC is reflected in men’s age-earnings trajectories across 14 European countries, while also taking into account any effects of their educational qualifications. Modelling data from the 2017 EU-SILC survey, and focussing on men’s full year/full-time equivalent gross annual earnings, we find that although the age-earnings trajectories that are estimated for different classes do reveal some cross-national variation, there are major features, of a theoretically expected kind, that are evident in our pooled sample and that regularly recur in individual countries. Class differences in earnings are at their narrowest for men in the youngest age group that we distinguish but then widen across older age groups. This occurs primarily because the earnings of men in the professional and managerial salariat, and especially in the higher salariat, show a marked rise with age, while the earnings of men in other classes rise far less sharply or remain flat. We also find evidence that these diverging trajectories are primarily shaped by individuals’ class positions independently of their level of educational qualification – however important the latter in determining the class positions that they hold. What can be regarded as the logic of different forms of employment relations lead to a large degree of cross-national commonality in the association that exists between class and earnings at different ages. In this paper, we seek to contribute to ongoing discussions of the relationship between income and class in analyses of social inequality and mobility. We argue that while class has sometimes been taken as a proxy for long-term earnings levels, it is of greater importance, at least when treated in terms of the EGP schema or the European Socio-Economic Classification (ESEC), in capturing differences in age-earnings trajectories. Moving beyond previous single country studies, we examine how far the theory that underlies ESEC is reflected in men’s age-earnings trajectories across 14 European countries, while also taking into account any effects of their educational qualifications. Modelling data from the 2017 EU-SILC survey, and focussing on men’s full year/full-time equivalent gross annual earnings, we find that although the age-earnings trajectories that are estimated for different classes do reveal some cross-national variation, there are major features, of a theoretically expected kind, that are evident in our pooled sample and that regularly recur in individual countries. Class differences in earnings are at their narrowest for men in the youngest age group that we distinguish but then widen across older age groups. This occurs primarily because the earnings of men in the professional and managerial salariat, and especially in the higher salariat, show a marked rise with age, while the earnings of men in other classes rise far less sharply or remain flat. We also find evidence that these diverging trajectories are primarily shaped by individuals’ class positions independently of their level of educational qualification – however important the latter in determining the class positions that they hold. What can be regarded as the logic of different forms of employment relations lead to a large degree of cross-national commonality in the association that exists between class and earnings at different ages. Europe Elsevier Social class Elsevier Earnings differences by age Elsevier Bukodi, Erzsébet oth Goldthorpe, John H. oth Enthalten in Elsevier Lee, Chi-Hyeon ELSEVIER Evaluation of heavy metals in hazardous automobile shredder residue thermal residue and immobilization with novel nano-size calcium dispersed reagent 2015 Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV018515150 volume:81 year:2022 pages:0 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rssm.2022.100726 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U SSG-OLC-PHA SSG-OPC-GGO GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_21 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_195 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2026 43.12 Umweltchemie VZ 43.13 Umwelttoxikologie VZ 44.13 Medizinische Ökologie VZ AR 81 2022 0 |
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10.1016/j.rssm.2022.100726 doi /cbs_pica/cbs_olc/import_discovery/elsevier/einzuspielen/GBV00000000001935.pica (DE-627)ELV059229098 (ELSEVIER)S0276-5624(22)00053-1 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 530 VZ 333.7 610 VZ 43.12 bkl 43.13 bkl 44.13 bkl Westhoff, Leonie verfasserin aut Social class and age-earnings trajectories in 14 European countries 2022transfer abstract nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier In this paper, we seek to contribute to ongoing discussions of the relationship between income and class in analyses of social inequality and mobility. We argue that while class has sometimes been taken as a proxy for long-term earnings levels, it is of greater importance, at least when treated in terms of the EGP schema or the European Socio-Economic Classification (ESEC), in capturing differences in age-earnings trajectories. Moving beyond previous single country studies, we examine how far the theory that underlies ESEC is reflected in men’s age-earnings trajectories across 14 European countries, while also taking into account any effects of their educational qualifications. Modelling data from the 2017 EU-SILC survey, and focussing on men’s full year/full-time equivalent gross annual earnings, we find that although the age-earnings trajectories that are estimated for different classes do reveal some cross-national variation, there are major features, of a theoretically expected kind, that are evident in our pooled sample and that regularly recur in individual countries. Class differences in earnings are at their narrowest for men in the youngest age group that we distinguish but then widen across older age groups. This occurs primarily because the earnings of men in the professional and managerial salariat, and especially in the higher salariat, show a marked rise with age, while the earnings of men in other classes rise far less sharply or remain flat. We also find evidence that these diverging trajectories are primarily shaped by individuals’ class positions independently of their level of educational qualification – however important the latter in determining the class positions that they hold. What can be regarded as the logic of different forms of employment relations lead to a large degree of cross-national commonality in the association that exists between class and earnings at different ages. In this paper, we seek to contribute to ongoing discussions of the relationship between income and class in analyses of social inequality and mobility. We argue that while class has sometimes been taken as a proxy for long-term earnings levels, it is of greater importance, at least when treated in terms of the EGP schema or the European Socio-Economic Classification (ESEC), in capturing differences in age-earnings trajectories. Moving beyond previous single country studies, we examine how far the theory that underlies ESEC is reflected in men’s age-earnings trajectories across 14 European countries, while also taking into account any effects of their educational qualifications. Modelling data from the 2017 EU-SILC survey, and focussing on men’s full year/full-time equivalent gross annual earnings, we find that although the age-earnings trajectories that are estimated for different classes do reveal some cross-national variation, there are major features, of a theoretically expected kind, that are evident in our pooled sample and that regularly recur in individual countries. Class differences in earnings are at their narrowest for men in the youngest age group that we distinguish but then widen across older age groups. This occurs primarily because the earnings of men in the professional and managerial salariat, and especially in the higher salariat, show a marked rise with age, while the earnings of men in other classes rise far less sharply or remain flat. We also find evidence that these diverging trajectories are primarily shaped by individuals’ class positions independently of their level of educational qualification – however important the latter in determining the class positions that they hold. What can be regarded as the logic of different forms of employment relations lead to a large degree of cross-national commonality in the association that exists between class and earnings at different ages. Europe Elsevier Social class Elsevier Earnings differences by age Elsevier Bukodi, Erzsébet oth Goldthorpe, John H. oth Enthalten in Elsevier Lee, Chi-Hyeon ELSEVIER Evaluation of heavy metals in hazardous automobile shredder residue thermal residue and immobilization with novel nano-size calcium dispersed reagent 2015 Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV018515150 volume:81 year:2022 pages:0 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rssm.2022.100726 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U SSG-OLC-PHA SSG-OPC-GGO GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_21 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_195 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2026 43.12 Umweltchemie VZ 43.13 Umwelttoxikologie VZ 44.13 Medizinische Ökologie VZ AR 81 2022 0 |
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10.1016/j.rssm.2022.100726 doi /cbs_pica/cbs_olc/import_discovery/elsevier/einzuspielen/GBV00000000001935.pica (DE-627)ELV059229098 (ELSEVIER)S0276-5624(22)00053-1 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 530 VZ 333.7 610 VZ 43.12 bkl 43.13 bkl 44.13 bkl Westhoff, Leonie verfasserin aut Social class and age-earnings trajectories in 14 European countries 2022transfer abstract nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier In this paper, we seek to contribute to ongoing discussions of the relationship between income and class in analyses of social inequality and mobility. We argue that while class has sometimes been taken as a proxy for long-term earnings levels, it is of greater importance, at least when treated in terms of the EGP schema or the European Socio-Economic Classification (ESEC), in capturing differences in age-earnings trajectories. Moving beyond previous single country studies, we examine how far the theory that underlies ESEC is reflected in men’s age-earnings trajectories across 14 European countries, while also taking into account any effects of their educational qualifications. Modelling data from the 2017 EU-SILC survey, and focussing on men’s full year/full-time equivalent gross annual earnings, we find that although the age-earnings trajectories that are estimated for different classes do reveal some cross-national variation, there are major features, of a theoretically expected kind, that are evident in our pooled sample and that regularly recur in individual countries. Class differences in earnings are at their narrowest for men in the youngest age group that we distinguish but then widen across older age groups. This occurs primarily because the earnings of men in the professional and managerial salariat, and especially in the higher salariat, show a marked rise with age, while the earnings of men in other classes rise far less sharply or remain flat. We also find evidence that these diverging trajectories are primarily shaped by individuals’ class positions independently of their level of educational qualification – however important the latter in determining the class positions that they hold. What can be regarded as the logic of different forms of employment relations lead to a large degree of cross-national commonality in the association that exists between class and earnings at different ages. In this paper, we seek to contribute to ongoing discussions of the relationship between income and class in analyses of social inequality and mobility. We argue that while class has sometimes been taken as a proxy for long-term earnings levels, it is of greater importance, at least when treated in terms of the EGP schema or the European Socio-Economic Classification (ESEC), in capturing differences in age-earnings trajectories. Moving beyond previous single country studies, we examine how far the theory that underlies ESEC is reflected in men’s age-earnings trajectories across 14 European countries, while also taking into account any effects of their educational qualifications. Modelling data from the 2017 EU-SILC survey, and focussing on men’s full year/full-time equivalent gross annual earnings, we find that although the age-earnings trajectories that are estimated for different classes do reveal some cross-national variation, there are major features, of a theoretically expected kind, that are evident in our pooled sample and that regularly recur in individual countries. Class differences in earnings are at their narrowest for men in the youngest age group that we distinguish but then widen across older age groups. This occurs primarily because the earnings of men in the professional and managerial salariat, and especially in the higher salariat, show a marked rise with age, while the earnings of men in other classes rise far less sharply or remain flat. We also find evidence that these diverging trajectories are primarily shaped by individuals’ class positions independently of their level of educational qualification – however important the latter in determining the class positions that they hold. What can be regarded as the logic of different forms of employment relations lead to a large degree of cross-national commonality in the association that exists between class and earnings at different ages. Europe Elsevier Social class Elsevier Earnings differences by age Elsevier Bukodi, Erzsébet oth Goldthorpe, John H. oth Enthalten in Elsevier Lee, Chi-Hyeon ELSEVIER Evaluation of heavy metals in hazardous automobile shredder residue thermal residue and immobilization with novel nano-size calcium dispersed reagent 2015 Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV018515150 volume:81 year:2022 pages:0 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rssm.2022.100726 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U SSG-OLC-PHA SSG-OPC-GGO GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_21 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_195 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2026 43.12 Umweltchemie VZ 43.13 Umwelttoxikologie VZ 44.13 Medizinische Ökologie VZ AR 81 2022 0 |
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10.1016/j.rssm.2022.100726 doi /cbs_pica/cbs_olc/import_discovery/elsevier/einzuspielen/GBV00000000001935.pica (DE-627)ELV059229098 (ELSEVIER)S0276-5624(22)00053-1 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 530 VZ 333.7 610 VZ 43.12 bkl 43.13 bkl 44.13 bkl Westhoff, Leonie verfasserin aut Social class and age-earnings trajectories in 14 European countries 2022transfer abstract nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier In this paper, we seek to contribute to ongoing discussions of the relationship between income and class in analyses of social inequality and mobility. We argue that while class has sometimes been taken as a proxy for long-term earnings levels, it is of greater importance, at least when treated in terms of the EGP schema or the European Socio-Economic Classification (ESEC), in capturing differences in age-earnings trajectories. Moving beyond previous single country studies, we examine how far the theory that underlies ESEC is reflected in men’s age-earnings trajectories across 14 European countries, while also taking into account any effects of their educational qualifications. Modelling data from the 2017 EU-SILC survey, and focussing on men’s full year/full-time equivalent gross annual earnings, we find that although the age-earnings trajectories that are estimated for different classes do reveal some cross-national variation, there are major features, of a theoretically expected kind, that are evident in our pooled sample and that regularly recur in individual countries. Class differences in earnings are at their narrowest for men in the youngest age group that we distinguish but then widen across older age groups. This occurs primarily because the earnings of men in the professional and managerial salariat, and especially in the higher salariat, show a marked rise with age, while the earnings of men in other classes rise far less sharply or remain flat. We also find evidence that these diverging trajectories are primarily shaped by individuals’ class positions independently of their level of educational qualification – however important the latter in determining the class positions that they hold. What can be regarded as the logic of different forms of employment relations lead to a large degree of cross-national commonality in the association that exists between class and earnings at different ages. In this paper, we seek to contribute to ongoing discussions of the relationship between income and class in analyses of social inequality and mobility. We argue that while class has sometimes been taken as a proxy for long-term earnings levels, it is of greater importance, at least when treated in terms of the EGP schema or the European Socio-Economic Classification (ESEC), in capturing differences in age-earnings trajectories. Moving beyond previous single country studies, we examine how far the theory that underlies ESEC is reflected in men’s age-earnings trajectories across 14 European countries, while also taking into account any effects of their educational qualifications. Modelling data from the 2017 EU-SILC survey, and focussing on men’s full year/full-time equivalent gross annual earnings, we find that although the age-earnings trajectories that are estimated for different classes do reveal some cross-national variation, there are major features, of a theoretically expected kind, that are evident in our pooled sample and that regularly recur in individual countries. Class differences in earnings are at their narrowest for men in the youngest age group that we distinguish but then widen across older age groups. This occurs primarily because the earnings of men in the professional and managerial salariat, and especially in the higher salariat, show a marked rise with age, while the earnings of men in other classes rise far less sharply or remain flat. We also find evidence that these diverging trajectories are primarily shaped by individuals’ class positions independently of their level of educational qualification – however important the latter in determining the class positions that they hold. What can be regarded as the logic of different forms of employment relations lead to a large degree of cross-national commonality in the association that exists between class and earnings at different ages. Europe Elsevier Social class Elsevier Earnings differences by age Elsevier Bukodi, Erzsébet oth Goldthorpe, John H. oth Enthalten in Elsevier Lee, Chi-Hyeon ELSEVIER Evaluation of heavy metals in hazardous automobile shredder residue thermal residue and immobilization with novel nano-size calcium dispersed reagent 2015 Amsterdam [u.a.] (DE-627)ELV018515150 volume:81 year:2022 pages:0 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rssm.2022.100726 Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U SSG-OLC-PHA SSG-OPC-GGO GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_21 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_195 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2026 43.12 Umweltchemie VZ 43.13 Umwelttoxikologie VZ 44.13 Medizinische Ökologie VZ AR 81 2022 0 |
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10.1016/j.rssm.2022.100726 doi /cbs_pica/cbs_olc/import_discovery/elsevier/einzuspielen/GBV00000000001935.pica (DE-627)ELV059229098 (ELSEVIER)S0276-5624(22)00053-1 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 530 VZ 333.7 610 VZ 43.12 bkl 43.13 bkl 44.13 bkl Westhoff, Leonie verfasserin aut Social class and age-earnings trajectories in 14 European countries 2022transfer abstract nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier In this paper, we seek to contribute to ongoing discussions of the relationship between income and class in analyses of social inequality and mobility. We argue that while class has sometimes been taken as a proxy for long-term earnings levels, it is of greater importance, at least when treated in terms of the EGP schema or the European Socio-Economic Classification (ESEC), in capturing differences in age-earnings trajectories. Moving beyond previous single country studies, we examine how far the theory that underlies ESEC is reflected in men’s age-earnings trajectories across 14 European countries, while also taking into account any effects of their educational qualifications. Modelling data from the 2017 EU-SILC survey, and focussing on men’s full year/full-time equivalent gross annual earnings, we find that although the age-earnings trajectories that are estimated for different classes do reveal some cross-national variation, there are major features, of a theoretically expected kind, that are evident in our pooled sample and that regularly recur in individual countries. Class differences in earnings are at their narrowest for men in the youngest age group that we distinguish but then widen across older age groups. This occurs primarily because the earnings of men in the professional and managerial salariat, and especially in the higher salariat, show a marked rise with age, while the earnings of men in other classes rise far less sharply or remain flat. We also find evidence that these diverging trajectories are primarily shaped by individuals’ class positions independently of their level of educational qualification – however important the latter in determining the class positions that they hold. What can be regarded as the logic of different forms of employment relations lead to a large degree of cross-national commonality in the association that exists between class and earnings at different ages. In this paper, we seek to contribute to ongoing discussions of the relationship between income and class in analyses of social inequality and mobility. We argue that while class has sometimes been taken as a proxy for long-term earnings levels, it is of greater importance, at least when treated in terms of the EGP schema or the European Socio-Economic Classification (ESEC), in capturing differences in age-earnings trajectories. Moving beyond previous single country studies, we examine how far the theory that underlies ESEC is reflected in men’s age-earnings trajectories across 14 European countries, while also taking into account any effects of their educational qualifications. Modelling data from the 2017 EU-SILC survey, and focussing on men’s full year/full-time equivalent gross annual earnings, we find that although the age-earnings trajectories that are estimated for different classes do reveal some cross-national variation, there are major features, of a theoretically expected kind, that are evident in our pooled sample and that regularly recur in individual countries. Class differences in earnings are at their narrowest for men in the youngest age group that we distinguish but then widen across older age groups. This occurs primarily because the earnings of men in the professional and managerial salariat, and especially in the higher salariat, show a marked rise with age, while the earnings of men in other classes rise far less sharply or remain flat. We also find evidence that these diverging trajectories are primarily shaped by individuals’ class positions independently of their level of educational qualification – however important the latter in determining the class positions that they hold. What can be regarded as the logic of different forms of employment relations lead to a large degree of cross-national commonality in the association that exists between class and earnings at different ages. 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In this paper, we seek to contribute to ongoing discussions of the relationship between income and class in analyses of social inequality and mobility. We argue that while class has sometimes been taken as a proxy for long-term earnings levels, it is of greater importance, at least when treated in terms of the EGP schema or the European Socio-Economic Classification (ESEC), in capturing differences in age-earnings trajectories. Moving beyond previous single country studies, we examine how far the theory that underlies ESEC is reflected in men’s age-earnings trajectories across 14 European countries, while also taking into account any effects of their educational qualifications. Modelling data from the 2017 EU-SILC survey, and focussing on men’s full year/full-time equivalent gross annual earnings, we find that although the age-earnings trajectories that are estimated for different classes do reveal some cross-national variation, there are major features, of a theoretically expected kind, that are evident in our pooled sample and that regularly recur in individual countries. Class differences in earnings are at their narrowest for men in the youngest age group that we distinguish but then widen across older age groups. This occurs primarily because the earnings of men in the professional and managerial salariat, and especially in the higher salariat, show a marked rise with age, while the earnings of men in other classes rise far less sharply or remain flat. We also find evidence that these diverging trajectories are primarily shaped by individuals’ class positions independently of their level of educational qualification – however important the latter in determining the class positions that they hold. What can be regarded as the logic of different forms of employment relations lead to a large degree of cross-national commonality in the association that exists between class and earnings at different ages. |
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In this paper, we seek to contribute to ongoing discussions of the relationship between income and class in analyses of social inequality and mobility. We argue that while class has sometimes been taken as a proxy for long-term earnings levels, it is of greater importance, at least when treated in terms of the EGP schema or the European Socio-Economic Classification (ESEC), in capturing differences in age-earnings trajectories. Moving beyond previous single country studies, we examine how far the theory that underlies ESEC is reflected in men’s age-earnings trajectories across 14 European countries, while also taking into account any effects of their educational qualifications. Modelling data from the 2017 EU-SILC survey, and focussing on men’s full year/full-time equivalent gross annual earnings, we find that although the age-earnings trajectories that are estimated for different classes do reveal some cross-national variation, there are major features, of a theoretically expected kind, that are evident in our pooled sample and that regularly recur in individual countries. Class differences in earnings are at their narrowest for men in the youngest age group that we distinguish but then widen across older age groups. This occurs primarily because the earnings of men in the professional and managerial salariat, and especially in the higher salariat, show a marked rise with age, while the earnings of men in other classes rise far less sharply or remain flat. We also find evidence that these diverging trajectories are primarily shaped by individuals’ class positions independently of their level of educational qualification – however important the latter in determining the class positions that they hold. What can be regarded as the logic of different forms of employment relations lead to a large degree of cross-national commonality in the association that exists between class and earnings at different ages. |
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In this paper, we seek to contribute to ongoing discussions of the relationship between income and class in analyses of social inequality and mobility. We argue that while class has sometimes been taken as a proxy for long-term earnings levels, it is of greater importance, at least when treated in terms of the EGP schema or the European Socio-Economic Classification (ESEC), in capturing differences in age-earnings trajectories. Moving beyond previous single country studies, we examine how far the theory that underlies ESEC is reflected in men’s age-earnings trajectories across 14 European countries, while also taking into account any effects of their educational qualifications. Modelling data from the 2017 EU-SILC survey, and focussing on men’s full year/full-time equivalent gross annual earnings, we find that although the age-earnings trajectories that are estimated for different classes do reveal some cross-national variation, there are major features, of a theoretically expected kind, that are evident in our pooled sample and that regularly recur in individual countries. Class differences in earnings are at their narrowest for men in the youngest age group that we distinguish but then widen across older age groups. This occurs primarily because the earnings of men in the professional and managerial salariat, and especially in the higher salariat, show a marked rise with age, while the earnings of men in other classes rise far less sharply or remain flat. We also find evidence that these diverging trajectories are primarily shaped by individuals’ class positions independently of their level of educational qualification – however important the latter in determining the class positions that they hold. What can be regarded as the logic of different forms of employment relations lead to a large degree of cross-national commonality in the association that exists between class and earnings at different ages. |
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We argue that while class has sometimes been taken as a proxy for long-term earnings levels, it is of greater importance, at least when treated in terms of the EGP schema or the European Socio-Economic Classification (ESEC), in capturing differences in age-earnings trajectories. Moving beyond previous single country studies, we examine how far the theory that underlies ESEC is reflected in men’s age-earnings trajectories across 14 European countries, while also taking into account any effects of their educational qualifications. Modelling data from the 2017 EU-SILC survey, and focussing on men’s full year/full-time equivalent gross annual earnings, we find that although the age-earnings trajectories that are estimated for different classes do reveal some cross-national variation, there are major features, of a theoretically expected kind, that are evident in our pooled sample and that regularly recur in individual countries. Class differences in earnings are at their narrowest for men in the youngest age group that we distinguish but then widen across older age groups. This occurs primarily because the earnings of men in the professional and managerial salariat, and especially in the higher salariat, show a marked rise with age, while the earnings of men in other classes rise far less sharply or remain flat. We also find evidence that these diverging trajectories are primarily shaped by individuals’ class positions independently of their level of educational qualification – however important the latter in determining the class positions that they hold. What can be regarded as the logic of different forms of employment relations lead to a large degree of cross-national commonality in the association that exists between class and earnings at different ages.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">In this paper, we seek to contribute to ongoing discussions of the relationship between income and class in analyses of social inequality and mobility. We argue that while class has sometimes been taken as a proxy for long-term earnings levels, it is of greater importance, at least when treated in terms of the EGP schema or the European Socio-Economic Classification (ESEC), in capturing differences in age-earnings trajectories. Moving beyond previous single country studies, we examine how far the theory that underlies ESEC is reflected in men’s age-earnings trajectories across 14 European countries, while also taking into account any effects of their educational qualifications. Modelling data from the 2017 EU-SILC survey, and focussing on men’s full year/full-time equivalent gross annual earnings, we find that although the age-earnings trajectories that are estimated for different classes do reveal some cross-national variation, there are major features, of a theoretically expected kind, that are evident in our pooled sample and that regularly recur in individual countries. Class differences in earnings are at their narrowest for men in the youngest age group that we distinguish but then widen across older age groups. This occurs primarily because the earnings of men in the professional and managerial salariat, and especially in the higher salariat, show a marked rise with age, while the earnings of men in other classes rise far less sharply or remain flat. We also find evidence that these diverging trajectories are primarily shaped by individuals’ class positions independently of their level of educational qualification – however important the latter in determining the class positions that they hold. What can be regarded as the logic of different forms of employment relations lead to a large degree of cross-national commonality in the association that exists between class and earnings at different ages.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Europe</subfield><subfield code="2">Elsevier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Social class</subfield><subfield code="2">Elsevier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="7"><subfield code="a">Earnings differences by age</subfield><subfield code="2">Elsevier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Bukodi, Erzsébet</subfield><subfield code="4">oth</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Goldthorpe, John H.</subfield><subfield code="4">oth</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="773" ind1="0" ind2="8"><subfield code="i">Enthalten in</subfield><subfield code="n">Elsevier</subfield><subfield code="a">Lee, Chi-Hyeon ELSEVIER</subfield><subfield code="t">Evaluation of heavy metals in hazardous automobile shredder residue thermal residue and immobilization with novel nano-size calcium dispersed reagent</subfield><subfield code="d">2015</subfield><subfield code="g">Amsterdam [u.a.]</subfield><subfield code="w">(DE-627)ELV018515150</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="773" ind1="1" ind2="8"><subfield code="g">volume:81</subfield><subfield code="g">year:2022</subfield><subfield code="g">pages:0</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="0"><subfield code="u">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rssm.2022.100726</subfield><subfield code="3">Volltext</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_USEFLAG_U</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ELV</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">SYSFLAG_U</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">SSG-OLC-PHA</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">SSG-OPC-GGO</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_20</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_21</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_24</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_40</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_70</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_195</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_2001</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_2004</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_2005</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_2007</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_2008</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_2014</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_2026</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="936" ind1="b" ind2="k"><subfield code="a">43.12</subfield><subfield code="j">Umweltchemie</subfield><subfield code="q">VZ</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="936" ind1="b" ind2="k"><subfield code="a">43.13</subfield><subfield code="j">Umwelttoxikologie</subfield><subfield code="q">VZ</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="936" ind1="b" ind2="k"><subfield code="a">44.13</subfield><subfield code="j">Medizinische Ökologie</subfield><subfield code="q">VZ</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="951" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">AR</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="952" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="d">81</subfield><subfield code="j">2022</subfield><subfield code="h">0</subfield></datafield></record></collection>
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