Typology of German sheep farms - Differences in structure, characteristics, challenges and the provision of goods and services

Sheep farming in Germany is continuously declining and the reasons for this development are manifold. This article aims to contribute to the research on the current situation of sheep farming by providing a typologisation of German sheep farms. Based on a comprehensive survey (N = 359), a cluster an...
Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:

Autor*in:	Schütte, Johan [verfasserIn]

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2023

Schlagwörter:	Farm typology German sheep farms Production systems PAM cluster analysis Situation of sheep farming

Übergeordnetes Werk:	Enthalten in: Small ruminant research - Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier Science, 1988, 226
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:226

DOI / URN:	10.1016/j.smallrumres.2023.107022

Katalog-ID:	ELV06212109X

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520			\|a Sheep farming in Germany is continuously declining and the reasons for this development are manifold. This article aims to contribute to the research on the current situation of sheep farming by providing a typologisation of German sheep farms. Based on a comprehensive survey (N = 359), a cluster analysis with the Partitioning Around Medoids (PAM) algorithm was carried out. A total of nine farm types could be identified: five types of full-time farms, two types of part-time farms, two types of small-scale and hobby farms. The farms differ in terms of their size, production focus, farming systems and livestock management. The full-time farms focus partly on landscape management and partly on the production of meat, keeping their sheep in a variety of different farming systems. The farms vary significantly in flock size and the area farmed. The part-time and small-scale farms keep their sheep almost exclusively in paddocks. For part-time and small-scale farms, the focus is less on landscape management and more on production. The proportion of part-time and small-scale farms practicing purebred breeding and keeping endangered breeds is higher than among the full-time farms. While the number of lambs reared per ewe is higher on part-time and small-scale farms, lambs reach slaughter maturity faster on full-time farms. Across all identified farm types, the economic situation as well as the future prospects are not rated very positively and lack of profitability and flock protection are identified as major problems.
650		4	\|a Farm typology
650		4	\|a German sheep farms
650		4	\|a Production systems
650		4	\|a PAM cluster analysis
650		4	\|a Situation of sheep farming
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matchkey_str	article:09214488:2023----::yooyfemnhefrsifrneisrcuehrceitccalneadh
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publishDate	2023
allfields	10.1016/j.smallrumres.2023.107022 doi (DE-627)ELV06212109X (ELSEVIER)S0921-4488(23)00118-9 DE-627 ger DE-627 rda eng 630 640 VZ Schütte, Johan verfasserin aut Typology of German sheep farms - Differences in structure, characteristics, challenges and the provision of goods and services 2023 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Sheep farming in Germany is continuously declining and the reasons for this development are manifold. This article aims to contribute to the research on the current situation of sheep farming by providing a typologisation of German sheep farms. Based on a comprehensive survey (N = 359), a cluster analysis with the Partitioning Around Medoids (PAM) algorithm was carried out. A total of nine farm types could be identified: five types of full-time farms, two types of part-time farms, two types of small-scale and hobby farms. The farms differ in terms of their size, production focus, farming systems and livestock management. The full-time farms focus partly on landscape management and partly on the production of meat, keeping their sheep in a variety of different farming systems. The farms vary significantly in flock size and the area farmed. The part-time and small-scale farms keep their sheep almost exclusively in paddocks. For part-time and small-scale farms, the focus is less on landscape management and more on production. The proportion of part-time and small-scale farms practicing purebred breeding and keeping endangered breeds is higher than among the full-time farms. While the number of lambs reared per ewe is higher on part-time and small-scale farms, lambs reach slaughter maturity faster on full-time farms. Across all identified farm types, the economic situation as well as the future prospects are not rated very positively and lack of profitability and flock protection are identified as major problems. Farm typology German sheep farms Production systems PAM cluster analysis Situation of sheep farming Enthalten in Small ruminant research Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier Science, 1988 226 Online-Ressource (DE-627)306591537 (DE-600)1498734-X (DE-576)090954483 0921-4488 nnns volume:226 GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 226
spelling	10.1016/j.smallrumres.2023.107022 doi (DE-627)ELV06212109X (ELSEVIER)S0921-4488(23)00118-9 DE-627 ger DE-627 rda eng 630 640 VZ Schütte, Johan verfasserin aut Typology of German sheep farms - Differences in structure, characteristics, challenges and the provision of goods and services 2023 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Sheep farming in Germany is continuously declining and the reasons for this development are manifold. This article aims to contribute to the research on the current situation of sheep farming by providing a typologisation of German sheep farms. Based on a comprehensive survey (N = 359), a cluster analysis with the Partitioning Around Medoids (PAM) algorithm was carried out. A total of nine farm types could be identified: five types of full-time farms, two types of part-time farms, two types of small-scale and hobby farms. The farms differ in terms of their size, production focus, farming systems and livestock management. The full-time farms focus partly on landscape management and partly on the production of meat, keeping their sheep in a variety of different farming systems. The farms vary significantly in flock size and the area farmed. The part-time and small-scale farms keep their sheep almost exclusively in paddocks. For part-time and small-scale farms, the focus is less on landscape management and more on production. The proportion of part-time and small-scale farms practicing purebred breeding and keeping endangered breeds is higher than among the full-time farms. While the number of lambs reared per ewe is higher on part-time and small-scale farms, lambs reach slaughter maturity faster on full-time farms. Across all identified farm types, the economic situation as well as the future prospects are not rated very positively and lack of profitability and flock protection are identified as major problems. Farm typology German sheep farms Production systems PAM cluster analysis Situation of sheep farming Enthalten in Small ruminant research Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier Science, 1988 226 Online-Ressource (DE-627)306591537 (DE-600)1498734-X (DE-576)090954483 0921-4488 nnns volume:226 GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 226
allfields_unstemmed	10.1016/j.smallrumres.2023.107022 doi (DE-627)ELV06212109X (ELSEVIER)S0921-4488(23)00118-9 DE-627 ger DE-627 rda eng 630 640 VZ Schütte, Johan verfasserin aut Typology of German sheep farms - Differences in structure, characteristics, challenges and the provision of goods and services 2023 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Sheep farming in Germany is continuously declining and the reasons for this development are manifold. This article aims to contribute to the research on the current situation of sheep farming by providing a typologisation of German sheep farms. Based on a comprehensive survey (N = 359), a cluster analysis with the Partitioning Around Medoids (PAM) algorithm was carried out. A total of nine farm types could be identified: five types of full-time farms, two types of part-time farms, two types of small-scale and hobby farms. The farms differ in terms of their size, production focus, farming systems and livestock management. The full-time farms focus partly on landscape management and partly on the production of meat, keeping their sheep in a variety of different farming systems. The farms vary significantly in flock size and the area farmed. The part-time and small-scale farms keep their sheep almost exclusively in paddocks. For part-time and small-scale farms, the focus is less on landscape management and more on production. The proportion of part-time and small-scale farms practicing purebred breeding and keeping endangered breeds is higher than among the full-time farms. While the number of lambs reared per ewe is higher on part-time and small-scale farms, lambs reach slaughter maturity faster on full-time farms. Across all identified farm types, the economic situation as well as the future prospects are not rated very positively and lack of profitability and flock protection are identified as major problems. Farm typology German sheep farms Production systems PAM cluster analysis Situation of sheep farming Enthalten in Small ruminant research Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier Science, 1988 226 Online-Ressource (DE-627)306591537 (DE-600)1498734-X (DE-576)090954483 0921-4488 nnns volume:226 GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 226
allfieldsGer	10.1016/j.smallrumres.2023.107022 doi (DE-627)ELV06212109X (ELSEVIER)S0921-4488(23)00118-9 DE-627 ger DE-627 rda eng 630 640 VZ Schütte, Johan verfasserin aut Typology of German sheep farms - Differences in structure, characteristics, challenges and the provision of goods and services 2023 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Sheep farming in Germany is continuously declining and the reasons for this development are manifold. This article aims to contribute to the research on the current situation of sheep farming by providing a typologisation of German sheep farms. Based on a comprehensive survey (N = 359), a cluster analysis with the Partitioning Around Medoids (PAM) algorithm was carried out. A total of nine farm types could be identified: five types of full-time farms, two types of part-time farms, two types of small-scale and hobby farms. The farms differ in terms of their size, production focus, farming systems and livestock management. The full-time farms focus partly on landscape management and partly on the production of meat, keeping their sheep in a variety of different farming systems. The farms vary significantly in flock size and the area farmed. The part-time and small-scale farms keep their sheep almost exclusively in paddocks. For part-time and small-scale farms, the focus is less on landscape management and more on production. The proportion of part-time and small-scale farms practicing purebred breeding and keeping endangered breeds is higher than among the full-time farms. While the number of lambs reared per ewe is higher on part-time and small-scale farms, lambs reach slaughter maturity faster on full-time farms. Across all identified farm types, the economic situation as well as the future prospects are not rated very positively and lack of profitability and flock protection are identified as major problems. Farm typology German sheep farms Production systems PAM cluster analysis Situation of sheep farming Enthalten in Small ruminant research Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier Science, 1988 226 Online-Ressource (DE-627)306591537 (DE-600)1498734-X (DE-576)090954483 0921-4488 nnns volume:226 GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 226
allfieldsSound	10.1016/j.smallrumres.2023.107022 doi (DE-627)ELV06212109X (ELSEVIER)S0921-4488(23)00118-9 DE-627 ger DE-627 rda eng 630 640 VZ Schütte, Johan verfasserin aut Typology of German sheep farms - Differences in structure, characteristics, challenges and the provision of goods and services 2023 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier Sheep farming in Germany is continuously declining and the reasons for this development are manifold. This article aims to contribute to the research on the current situation of sheep farming by providing a typologisation of German sheep farms. Based on a comprehensive survey (N = 359), a cluster analysis with the Partitioning Around Medoids (PAM) algorithm was carried out. A total of nine farm types could be identified: five types of full-time farms, two types of part-time farms, two types of small-scale and hobby farms. The farms differ in terms of their size, production focus, farming systems and livestock management. The full-time farms focus partly on landscape management and partly on the production of meat, keeping their sheep in a variety of different farming systems. The farms vary significantly in flock size and the area farmed. The part-time and small-scale farms keep their sheep almost exclusively in paddocks. For part-time and small-scale farms, the focus is less on landscape management and more on production. The proportion of part-time and small-scale farms practicing purebred breeding and keeping endangered breeds is higher than among the full-time farms. While the number of lambs reared per ewe is higher on part-time and small-scale farms, lambs reach slaughter maturity faster on full-time farms. Across all identified farm types, the economic situation as well as the future prospects are not rated very positively and lack of profitability and flock protection are identified as major problems. Farm typology German sheep farms Production systems PAM cluster analysis Situation of sheep farming Enthalten in Small ruminant research Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier Science, 1988 226 Online-Ressource (DE-627)306591537 (DE-600)1498734-X (DE-576)090954483 0921-4488 nnns volume:226 GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2008 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2088 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 226
language	English
source	Enthalten in Small ruminant research 226 volume:226
sourceStr	Enthalten in Small ruminant research 226 volume:226
format_phy_str_mv	Article
institution	findex.gbv.de
topic_facet	Farm typology German sheep farms Production systems PAM cluster analysis Situation of sheep farming
dewey-raw	630
isfreeaccess_bool	false
container_title	Small ruminant research
authorswithroles_txt_mv	Schütte, Johan @@aut@@
publishDateDaySort_date	2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
hierarchy_top_id	306591537
dewey-sort	3630
id	ELV06212109X
language_de	englisch
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author	Schütte, Johan
spellingShingle	Schütte, Johan ddc 630 misc Farm typology misc German sheep farms misc Production systems misc PAM cluster analysis misc Situation of sheep farming Typology of German sheep farms - Differences in structure, characteristics, challenges and the provision of goods and services
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topic_title	630 640 VZ Typology of German sheep farms - Differences in structure, characteristics, challenges and the provision of goods and services Farm typology German sheep farms Production systems PAM cluster analysis Situation of sheep farming
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title	Typology of German sheep farms - Differences in structure, characteristics, challenges and the provision of goods and services
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title_full	Typology of German sheep farms - Differences in structure, characteristics, challenges and the provision of goods and services
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title_sort	typology of german sheep farms - differences in structure, characteristics, challenges and the provision of goods and services
title_auth	Typology of German sheep farms - Differences in structure, characteristics, challenges and the provision of goods and services
abstract	Sheep farming in Germany is continuously declining and the reasons for this development are manifold. This article aims to contribute to the research on the current situation of sheep farming by providing a typologisation of German sheep farms. Based on a comprehensive survey (N = 359), a cluster analysis with the Partitioning Around Medoids (PAM) algorithm was carried out. A total of nine farm types could be identified: five types of full-time farms, two types of part-time farms, two types of small-scale and hobby farms. The farms differ in terms of their size, production focus, farming systems and livestock management. The full-time farms focus partly on landscape management and partly on the production of meat, keeping their sheep in a variety of different farming systems. The farms vary significantly in flock size and the area farmed. The part-time and small-scale farms keep their sheep almost exclusively in paddocks. For part-time and small-scale farms, the focus is less on landscape management and more on production. The proportion of part-time and small-scale farms practicing purebred breeding and keeping endangered breeds is higher than among the full-time farms. While the number of lambs reared per ewe is higher on part-time and small-scale farms, lambs reach slaughter maturity faster on full-time farms. Across all identified farm types, the economic situation as well as the future prospects are not rated very positively and lack of profitability and flock protection are identified as major problems.
abstractGer	Sheep farming in Germany is continuously declining and the reasons for this development are manifold. This article aims to contribute to the research on the current situation of sheep farming by providing a typologisation of German sheep farms. Based on a comprehensive survey (N = 359), a cluster analysis with the Partitioning Around Medoids (PAM) algorithm was carried out. A total of nine farm types could be identified: five types of full-time farms, two types of part-time farms, two types of small-scale and hobby farms. The farms differ in terms of their size, production focus, farming systems and livestock management. The full-time farms focus partly on landscape management and partly on the production of meat, keeping their sheep in a variety of different farming systems. The farms vary significantly in flock size and the area farmed. The part-time and small-scale farms keep their sheep almost exclusively in paddocks. For part-time and small-scale farms, the focus is less on landscape management and more on production. The proportion of part-time and small-scale farms practicing purebred breeding and keeping endangered breeds is higher than among the full-time farms. While the number of lambs reared per ewe is higher on part-time and small-scale farms, lambs reach slaughter maturity faster on full-time farms. Across all identified farm types, the economic situation as well as the future prospects are not rated very positively and lack of profitability and flock protection are identified as major problems.
abstract_unstemmed	Sheep farming in Germany is continuously declining and the reasons for this development are manifold. This article aims to contribute to the research on the current situation of sheep farming by providing a typologisation of German sheep farms. Based on a comprehensive survey (N = 359), a cluster analysis with the Partitioning Around Medoids (PAM) algorithm was carried out. A total of nine farm types could be identified: five types of full-time farms, two types of part-time farms, two types of small-scale and hobby farms. The farms differ in terms of their size, production focus, farming systems and livestock management. The full-time farms focus partly on landscape management and partly on the production of meat, keeping their sheep in a variety of different farming systems. The farms vary significantly in flock size and the area farmed. The part-time and small-scale farms keep their sheep almost exclusively in paddocks. For part-time and small-scale farms, the focus is less on landscape management and more on production. The proportion of part-time and small-scale farms practicing purebred breeding and keeping endangered breeds is higher than among the full-time farms. While the number of lambs reared per ewe is higher on part-time and small-scale farms, lambs reach slaughter maturity faster on full-time farms. Across all identified farm types, the economic situation as well as the future prospects are not rated very positively and lack of profitability and flock protection are identified as major problems.
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title_short	Typology of German sheep farms - Differences in structure, characteristics, challenges and the provision of goods and services
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doi_str	10.1016/j.smallrumres.2023.107022
up_date	2024-07-06T18:25:45.433Z
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Typology of German sheep farms - Differences in structure, characteristics, challenges and the provision of goods and services

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