An insight into direct water injection applied on the hydrogen-enriched rotary engine

The attractiveness of direct water injection advantages has made a comeback in the minds of designers due to the potential knock mitigation and lower NOx emissions. The current work established and validated an appropriate 3D model for hydrogen-enriched Wankel engines with direct water injection, and the used CFD simulation was mainly a consideration of combustion and flow phenomena inside the engine and securing the gained knowledge. The determinations of the knock operation and position were investigated, and the intrinsic mechanism of end-gas auto-ignition was clarified. Then, the effects of water injection strategies on knock mitigation and NOx reduction were analyzed in detail. Results showed that the end-gas auto-ignition caused the drastic variation of the local velocity field and the severe pressure oscillation in the vicinity of these regions, which led to knocking combustion. The highest knock propensity occurred at the trailing part of the recess, especially on the opposite side of the intake port. The pressure oscillation of water-enriched schemes was smaller than water-free schemes, and the knock intensity gradually decreased with the advance of water injection timing. When the injection timing was 250°EA, the propensity of end-gas auto-ignition was weakened obviously due to the reduced local temperature and pressure within the rotor chamber, and NOx formation was lower than the other schemes. The local pressure fluctuation was decreased by increasing water addition, whose maximum decrement occurred at the trailing part of the recess. The knock intensity gradually decreased as the amount of water injection increased. When the water injection ratio of 40%, there was no obvious auto-ignition occurrence, and NOx formation reduced significantly at the exhaust moment, which confirmed direct water injection was one of the most promising and effective methods to control knock propensity and NOx emissions simultaneously. In addition, the water droplets of a smaller water injection ratio (10%) scheme spread faster than the water-free scheme after spontaneous combustion, which could reach the fuel surface to present azeotropic phenomena and then enhance the combustion. This result shall give insights into the feasibility of a proper water addition for improving the thermal efficiency of the Wankel engine regime. Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:

Autor*in:	Shi, Cheng [verfasserIn] Chai, Sen [verfasserIn] Wang, Huaiyu [verfasserIn] Ji, Changwei [verfasserIn] Ge, Yunshan [verfasserIn] Di, Liming [verfasserIn]

Format:	E-Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2023

Schlagwörter:	Wankel rotary engine Hydrogen enrichment Water direct-injection Combustion Knock mitigation NO

Übergeordnetes Werk:	Enthalten in: Fuel - New York, NY [u.a.] : Elsevier, 1970, 339
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:339

DOI / URN:	10.1016/j.fuel.2022.127352

Katalog-ID:	ELV063516020

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245	1	0	\|a An insight into direct water injection applied on the hydrogen-enriched rotary engine
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520			\|a The attractiveness of direct water injection advantages has made a comeback in the minds of designers due to the potential knock mitigation and lower NOx emissions. The current work established and validated an appropriate 3D model for hydrogen-enriched Wankel engines with direct water injection, and the used CFD simulation was mainly a consideration of combustion and flow phenomena inside the engine and securing the gained knowledge. The determinations of the knock operation and position were investigated, and the intrinsic mechanism of end-gas auto-ignition was clarified. Then, the effects of water injection strategies on knock mitigation and NOx reduction were analyzed in detail. Results showed that the end-gas auto-ignition caused the drastic variation of the local velocity field and the severe pressure oscillation in the vicinity of these regions, which led to knocking combustion. The highest knock propensity occurred at the trailing part of the recess, especially on the opposite side of the intake port. The pressure oscillation of water-enriched schemes was smaller than water-free schemes, and the knock intensity gradually decreased with the advance of water injection timing. When the injection timing was 250°EA, the propensity of end-gas auto-ignition was weakened obviously due to the reduced local temperature and pressure within the rotor chamber, and NOx formation was lower than the other schemes. The local pressure fluctuation was decreased by increasing water addition, whose maximum decrement occurred at the trailing part of the recess. The knock intensity gradually decreased as the amount of water injection increased. When the water injection ratio of 40%, there was no obvious auto-ignition occurrence, and NOx formation reduced significantly at the exhaust moment, which confirmed direct water injection was one of the most promising and effective methods to control knock propensity and NOx emissions simultaneously. In addition, the water droplets of a smaller water injection ratio (10%) scheme spread faster than the water-free scheme after spontaneous combustion, which could reach the fuel surface to present azeotropic phenomena and then enhance the combustion. This result shall give insights into the feasibility of a proper water addition for improving the thermal efficiency of the Wankel engine regime.
650		4	\|a Wankel rotary engine
650		4	\|a Hydrogen enrichment
650		4	\|a Water direct-injection
650		4	\|a Combustion
650		4	\|a Knock mitigation
650		4	\|a NO
700	1		\|a Chai, Sen \|e verfasserin \|4 aut
700	1		\|a Wang, Huaiyu \|e verfasserin \|0 (orcid)0000-0002-4322-101X \|4 aut
700	1		\|a Ji, Changwei \|e verfasserin \|4 aut
700	1		\|a Ge, Yunshan \|e verfasserin \|4 aut
700	1		\|a Di, Liming \|e verfasserin \|0 (orcid)0000-0002-9533-426X \|4 aut
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912			\|a GBV_ILN_31
912			\|a GBV_ILN_32
912			\|a GBV_ILN_40
912			\|a GBV_ILN_60
912			\|a GBV_ILN_62
912			\|a GBV_ILN_65
912			\|a GBV_ILN_69
912			\|a GBV_ILN_70
912			\|a GBV_ILN_73
912			\|a GBV_ILN_74
912			\|a GBV_ILN_90
912			\|a GBV_ILN_95
912			\|a GBV_ILN_100
912			\|a GBV_ILN_105
912			\|a GBV_ILN_110
912			\|a GBV_ILN_150
912			\|a GBV_ILN_151
912			\|a GBV_ILN_187
912			\|a GBV_ILN_213
912			\|a GBV_ILN_224
912			\|a GBV_ILN_230
912			\|a GBV_ILN_370
912			\|a GBV_ILN_602
912			\|a GBV_ILN_702
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2001
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2003
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2004
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2005
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2007
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2009
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2010
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2011
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2014
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2015
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2020
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2021
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2025
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2026
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2027
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2034
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2044
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2048
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2049
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2050
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2055
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2056
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2059
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2061
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2064
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2106
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2110
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2111
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2112
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2122
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2129
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2143
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2152
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2153
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2190
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2232
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2336
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2470
912			\|a GBV_ILN_2507
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4035
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4037
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4112
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4125
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4242
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4249
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4251
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4305
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4306
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4307
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4313
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4322
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4323
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4324
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4326
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4333
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4334
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4338
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4393
912			\|a GBV_ILN_4700
936	b	k	\|a 58.21 \|j Brennstoffe \|j Kraftstoffe \|j Explosivstoffe \|q VZ
951			\|a AR
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Indexfelder

author_variant	c s cs s c sc h w hw c j cj y g yg l d ld
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publishDate	2023
allfields	10.1016/j.fuel.2022.127352 doi (DE-627)ELV063516020 (ELSEVIER)S0016-2361(22)04176-X DE-627 ger DE-627 rda eng 660 VZ 58.21 bkl Shi, Cheng verfasserin aut An insight into direct water injection applied on the hydrogen-enriched rotary engine 2023 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier The attractiveness of direct water injection advantages has made a comeback in the minds of designers due to the potential knock mitigation and lower NOx emissions. The current work established and validated an appropriate 3D model for hydrogen-enriched Wankel engines with direct water injection, and the used CFD simulation was mainly a consideration of combustion and flow phenomena inside the engine and securing the gained knowledge. The determinations of the knock operation and position were investigated, and the intrinsic mechanism of end-gas auto-ignition was clarified. Then, the effects of water injection strategies on knock mitigation and NOx reduction were analyzed in detail. Results showed that the end-gas auto-ignition caused the drastic variation of the local velocity field and the severe pressure oscillation in the vicinity of these regions, which led to knocking combustion. The highest knock propensity occurred at the trailing part of the recess, especially on the opposite side of the intake port. The pressure oscillation of water-enriched schemes was smaller than water-free schemes, and the knock intensity gradually decreased with the advance of water injection timing. When the injection timing was 250°EA, the propensity of end-gas auto-ignition was weakened obviously due to the reduced local temperature and pressure within the rotor chamber, and NOx formation was lower than the other schemes. The local pressure fluctuation was decreased by increasing water addition, whose maximum decrement occurred at the trailing part of the recess. The knock intensity gradually decreased as the amount of water injection increased. When the water injection ratio of 40%, there was no obvious auto-ignition occurrence, and NOx formation reduced significantly at the exhaust moment, which confirmed direct water injection was one of the most promising and effective methods to control knock propensity and NOx emissions simultaneously. In addition, the water droplets of a smaller water injection ratio (10%) scheme spread faster than the water-free scheme after spontaneous combustion, which could reach the fuel surface to present azeotropic phenomena and then enhance the combustion. This result shall give insights into the feasibility of a proper water addition for improving the thermal efficiency of the Wankel engine regime. Wankel rotary engine Hydrogen enrichment Water direct-injection Combustion Knock mitigation NO Chai, Sen verfasserin aut Wang, Huaiyu verfasserin (orcid)0000-0002-4322-101X aut Ji, Changwei verfasserin aut Ge, Yunshan verfasserin aut Di, Liming verfasserin (orcid)0000-0002-9533-426X aut Enthalten in Fuel New York, NY [u.a.] : Elsevier, 1970 339 Online-Ressource (DE-627)300898584 (DE-600)1483656-7 (DE-576)09555176X 0016-2361 nnns volume:339 GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 58.21 Brennstoffe Kraftstoffe Explosivstoffe VZ AR 339
spelling	10.1016/j.fuel.2022.127352 doi (DE-627)ELV063516020 (ELSEVIER)S0016-2361(22)04176-X DE-627 ger DE-627 rda eng 660 VZ 58.21 bkl Shi, Cheng verfasserin aut An insight into direct water injection applied on the hydrogen-enriched rotary engine 2023 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier The attractiveness of direct water injection advantages has made a comeback in the minds of designers due to the potential knock mitigation and lower NOx emissions. The current work established and validated an appropriate 3D model for hydrogen-enriched Wankel engines with direct water injection, and the used CFD simulation was mainly a consideration of combustion and flow phenomena inside the engine and securing the gained knowledge. The determinations of the knock operation and position were investigated, and the intrinsic mechanism of end-gas auto-ignition was clarified. Then, the effects of water injection strategies on knock mitigation and NOx reduction were analyzed in detail. Results showed that the end-gas auto-ignition caused the drastic variation of the local velocity field and the severe pressure oscillation in the vicinity of these regions, which led to knocking combustion. The highest knock propensity occurred at the trailing part of the recess, especially on the opposite side of the intake port. The pressure oscillation of water-enriched schemes was smaller than water-free schemes, and the knock intensity gradually decreased with the advance of water injection timing. When the injection timing was 250°EA, the propensity of end-gas auto-ignition was weakened obviously due to the reduced local temperature and pressure within the rotor chamber, and NOx formation was lower than the other schemes. The local pressure fluctuation was decreased by increasing water addition, whose maximum decrement occurred at the trailing part of the recess. The knock intensity gradually decreased as the amount of water injection increased. When the water injection ratio of 40%, there was no obvious auto-ignition occurrence, and NOx formation reduced significantly at the exhaust moment, which confirmed direct water injection was one of the most promising and effective methods to control knock propensity and NOx emissions simultaneously. In addition, the water droplets of a smaller water injection ratio (10%) scheme spread faster than the water-free scheme after spontaneous combustion, which could reach the fuel surface to present azeotropic phenomena and then enhance the combustion. This result shall give insights into the feasibility of a proper water addition for improving the thermal efficiency of the Wankel engine regime. Wankel rotary engine Hydrogen enrichment Water direct-injection Combustion Knock mitigation NO Chai, Sen verfasserin aut Wang, Huaiyu verfasserin (orcid)0000-0002-4322-101X aut Ji, Changwei verfasserin aut Ge, Yunshan verfasserin aut Di, Liming verfasserin (orcid)0000-0002-9533-426X aut Enthalten in Fuel New York, NY [u.a.] : Elsevier, 1970 339 Online-Ressource (DE-627)300898584 (DE-600)1483656-7 (DE-576)09555176X 0016-2361 nnns volume:339 GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 58.21 Brennstoffe Kraftstoffe Explosivstoffe VZ AR 339
allfields_unstemmed	10.1016/j.fuel.2022.127352 doi (DE-627)ELV063516020 (ELSEVIER)S0016-2361(22)04176-X DE-627 ger DE-627 rda eng 660 VZ 58.21 bkl Shi, Cheng verfasserin aut An insight into direct water injection applied on the hydrogen-enriched rotary engine 2023 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier The attractiveness of direct water injection advantages has made a comeback in the minds of designers due to the potential knock mitigation and lower NOx emissions. The current work established and validated an appropriate 3D model for hydrogen-enriched Wankel engines with direct water injection, and the used CFD simulation was mainly a consideration of combustion and flow phenomena inside the engine and securing the gained knowledge. The determinations of the knock operation and position were investigated, and the intrinsic mechanism of end-gas auto-ignition was clarified. Then, the effects of water injection strategies on knock mitigation and NOx reduction were analyzed in detail. Results showed that the end-gas auto-ignition caused the drastic variation of the local velocity field and the severe pressure oscillation in the vicinity of these regions, which led to knocking combustion. The highest knock propensity occurred at the trailing part of the recess, especially on the opposite side of the intake port. The pressure oscillation of water-enriched schemes was smaller than water-free schemes, and the knock intensity gradually decreased with the advance of water injection timing. When the injection timing was 250°EA, the propensity of end-gas auto-ignition was weakened obviously due to the reduced local temperature and pressure within the rotor chamber, and NOx formation was lower than the other schemes. The local pressure fluctuation was decreased by increasing water addition, whose maximum decrement occurred at the trailing part of the recess. The knock intensity gradually decreased as the amount of water injection increased. When the water injection ratio of 40%, there was no obvious auto-ignition occurrence, and NOx formation reduced significantly at the exhaust moment, which confirmed direct water injection was one of the most promising and effective methods to control knock propensity and NOx emissions simultaneously. In addition, the water droplets of a smaller water injection ratio (10%) scheme spread faster than the water-free scheme after spontaneous combustion, which could reach the fuel surface to present azeotropic phenomena and then enhance the combustion. This result shall give insights into the feasibility of a proper water addition for improving the thermal efficiency of the Wankel engine regime. Wankel rotary engine Hydrogen enrichment Water direct-injection Combustion Knock mitigation NO Chai, Sen verfasserin aut Wang, Huaiyu verfasserin (orcid)0000-0002-4322-101X aut Ji, Changwei verfasserin aut Ge, Yunshan verfasserin aut Di, Liming verfasserin (orcid)0000-0002-9533-426X aut Enthalten in Fuel New York, NY [u.a.] : Elsevier, 1970 339 Online-Ressource (DE-627)300898584 (DE-600)1483656-7 (DE-576)09555176X 0016-2361 nnns volume:339 GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 58.21 Brennstoffe Kraftstoffe Explosivstoffe VZ AR 339
allfieldsGer	10.1016/j.fuel.2022.127352 doi (DE-627)ELV063516020 (ELSEVIER)S0016-2361(22)04176-X DE-627 ger DE-627 rda eng 660 VZ 58.21 bkl Shi, Cheng verfasserin aut An insight into direct water injection applied on the hydrogen-enriched rotary engine 2023 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier The attractiveness of direct water injection advantages has made a comeback in the minds of designers due to the potential knock mitigation and lower NOx emissions. The current work established and validated an appropriate 3D model for hydrogen-enriched Wankel engines with direct water injection, and the used CFD simulation was mainly a consideration of combustion and flow phenomena inside the engine and securing the gained knowledge. The determinations of the knock operation and position were investigated, and the intrinsic mechanism of end-gas auto-ignition was clarified. Then, the effects of water injection strategies on knock mitigation and NOx reduction were analyzed in detail. Results showed that the end-gas auto-ignition caused the drastic variation of the local velocity field and the severe pressure oscillation in the vicinity of these regions, which led to knocking combustion. The highest knock propensity occurred at the trailing part of the recess, especially on the opposite side of the intake port. The pressure oscillation of water-enriched schemes was smaller than water-free schemes, and the knock intensity gradually decreased with the advance of water injection timing. When the injection timing was 250°EA, the propensity of end-gas auto-ignition was weakened obviously due to the reduced local temperature and pressure within the rotor chamber, and NOx formation was lower than the other schemes. The local pressure fluctuation was decreased by increasing water addition, whose maximum decrement occurred at the trailing part of the recess. The knock intensity gradually decreased as the amount of water injection increased. When the water injection ratio of 40%, there was no obvious auto-ignition occurrence, and NOx formation reduced significantly at the exhaust moment, which confirmed direct water injection was one of the most promising and effective methods to control knock propensity and NOx emissions simultaneously. In addition, the water droplets of a smaller water injection ratio (10%) scheme spread faster than the water-free scheme after spontaneous combustion, which could reach the fuel surface to present azeotropic phenomena and then enhance the combustion. This result shall give insights into the feasibility of a proper water addition for improving the thermal efficiency of the Wankel engine regime. Wankel rotary engine Hydrogen enrichment Water direct-injection Combustion Knock mitigation NO Chai, Sen verfasserin aut Wang, Huaiyu verfasserin (orcid)0000-0002-4322-101X aut Ji, Changwei verfasserin aut Ge, Yunshan verfasserin aut Di, Liming verfasserin (orcid)0000-0002-9533-426X aut Enthalten in Fuel New York, NY [u.a.] : Elsevier, 1970 339 Online-Ressource (DE-627)300898584 (DE-600)1483656-7 (DE-576)09555176X 0016-2361 nnns volume:339 GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 58.21 Brennstoffe Kraftstoffe Explosivstoffe VZ AR 339
allfieldsSound	10.1016/j.fuel.2022.127352 doi (DE-627)ELV063516020 (ELSEVIER)S0016-2361(22)04176-X DE-627 ger DE-627 rda eng 660 VZ 58.21 bkl Shi, Cheng verfasserin aut An insight into direct water injection applied on the hydrogen-enriched rotary engine 2023 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier The attractiveness of direct water injection advantages has made a comeback in the minds of designers due to the potential knock mitigation and lower NOx emissions. The current work established and validated an appropriate 3D model for hydrogen-enriched Wankel engines with direct water injection, and the used CFD simulation was mainly a consideration of combustion and flow phenomena inside the engine and securing the gained knowledge. The determinations of the knock operation and position were investigated, and the intrinsic mechanism of end-gas auto-ignition was clarified. Then, the effects of water injection strategies on knock mitigation and NOx reduction were analyzed in detail. Results showed that the end-gas auto-ignition caused the drastic variation of the local velocity field and the severe pressure oscillation in the vicinity of these regions, which led to knocking combustion. The highest knock propensity occurred at the trailing part of the recess, especially on the opposite side of the intake port. The pressure oscillation of water-enriched schemes was smaller than water-free schemes, and the knock intensity gradually decreased with the advance of water injection timing. When the injection timing was 250°EA, the propensity of end-gas auto-ignition was weakened obviously due to the reduced local temperature and pressure within the rotor chamber, and NOx formation was lower than the other schemes. The local pressure fluctuation was decreased by increasing water addition, whose maximum decrement occurred at the trailing part of the recess. The knock intensity gradually decreased as the amount of water injection increased. When the water injection ratio of 40%, there was no obvious auto-ignition occurrence, and NOx formation reduced significantly at the exhaust moment, which confirmed direct water injection was one of the most promising and effective methods to control knock propensity and NOx emissions simultaneously. In addition, the water droplets of a smaller water injection ratio (10%) scheme spread faster than the water-free scheme after spontaneous combustion, which could reach the fuel surface to present azeotropic phenomena and then enhance the combustion. This result shall give insights into the feasibility of a proper water addition for improving the thermal efficiency of the Wankel engine regime. Wankel rotary engine Hydrogen enrichment Water direct-injection Combustion Knock mitigation NO Chai, Sen verfasserin aut Wang, Huaiyu verfasserin (orcid)0000-0002-4322-101X aut Ji, Changwei verfasserin aut Ge, Yunshan verfasserin aut Di, Liming verfasserin (orcid)0000-0002-9533-426X aut Enthalten in Fuel New York, NY [u.a.] : Elsevier, 1970 339 Online-Ressource (DE-627)300898584 (DE-600)1483656-7 (DE-576)09555176X 0016-2361 nnns volume:339 GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 58.21 Brennstoffe Kraftstoffe Explosivstoffe VZ AR 339
language	English
source	Enthalten in Fuel 339 volume:339
sourceStr	Enthalten in Fuel 339 volume:339
format_phy_str_mv	Article
bklname	Brennstoffe Kraftstoffe Explosivstoffe
institution	findex.gbv.de
topic_facet	Wankel rotary engine Hydrogen enrichment Water direct-injection Combustion Knock mitigation NO
dewey-raw	660
isfreeaccess_bool	false
container_title	Fuel
authorswithroles_txt_mv	Shi, Cheng @@aut@@ Chai, Sen @@aut@@ Wang, Huaiyu @@aut@@ Ji, Changwei @@aut@@ Ge, Yunshan @@aut@@ Di, Liming @@aut@@
publishDateDaySort_date	2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
hierarchy_top_id	300898584
dewey-sort	3660
id	ELV063516020
language_de	englisch
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The pressure oscillation of water-enriched schemes was smaller than water-free schemes, and the knock intensity gradually decreased with the advance of water injection timing. When the injection timing was 250°EA, the propensity of end-gas auto-ignition was weakened obviously due to the reduced local temperature and pressure within the rotor chamber, and NOx formation was lower than the other schemes. The local pressure fluctuation was decreased by increasing water addition, whose maximum decrement occurred at the trailing part of the recess. The knock intensity gradually decreased as the amount of water injection increased. When the water injection ratio of 40%, there was no obvious auto-ignition occurrence, and NOx formation reduced significantly at the exhaust moment, which confirmed direct water injection was one of the most promising and effective methods to control knock propensity and NOx emissions simultaneously. In addition, the water droplets of a smaller water injection ratio (10%) scheme spread faster than the water-free scheme after spontaneous combustion, which could reach the fuel surface to present azeotropic phenomena and then enhance the combustion. 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author	Shi, Cheng
spellingShingle	Shi, Cheng ddc 660 bkl 58.21 misc Wankel rotary engine misc Hydrogen enrichment misc Water direct-injection misc Combustion misc Knock mitigation misc NO An insight into direct water injection applied on the hydrogen-enriched rotary engine
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topic_title	660 VZ 58.21 bkl An insight into direct water injection applied on the hydrogen-enriched rotary engine Wankel rotary engine Hydrogen enrichment Water direct-injection Combustion Knock mitigation NO
topic	ddc 660 bkl 58.21 misc Wankel rotary engine misc Hydrogen enrichment misc Water direct-injection misc Combustion misc Knock mitigation misc NO
topic_unstemmed	ddc 660 bkl 58.21 misc Wankel rotary engine misc Hydrogen enrichment misc Water direct-injection misc Combustion misc Knock mitigation misc NO
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title	An insight into direct water injection applied on the hydrogen-enriched rotary engine
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title_full	An insight into direct water injection applied on the hydrogen-enriched rotary engine
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author_browse	Shi, Cheng Chai, Sen Wang, Huaiyu Ji, Changwei Ge, Yunshan Di, Liming
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title_sort	an insight into direct water injection applied on the hydrogen-enriched rotary engine
title_auth	An insight into direct water injection applied on the hydrogen-enriched rotary engine
abstract	The attractiveness of direct water injection advantages has made a comeback in the minds of designers due to the potential knock mitigation and lower NOx emissions. The current work established and validated an appropriate 3D model for hydrogen-enriched Wankel engines with direct water injection, and the used CFD simulation was mainly a consideration of combustion and flow phenomena inside the engine and securing the gained knowledge. The determinations of the knock operation and position were investigated, and the intrinsic mechanism of end-gas auto-ignition was clarified. Then, the effects of water injection strategies on knock mitigation and NOx reduction were analyzed in detail. Results showed that the end-gas auto-ignition caused the drastic variation of the local velocity field and the severe pressure oscillation in the vicinity of these regions, which led to knocking combustion. The highest knock propensity occurred at the trailing part of the recess, especially on the opposite side of the intake port. The pressure oscillation of water-enriched schemes was smaller than water-free schemes, and the knock intensity gradually decreased with the advance of water injection timing. When the injection timing was 250°EA, the propensity of end-gas auto-ignition was weakened obviously due to the reduced local temperature and pressure within the rotor chamber, and NOx formation was lower than the other schemes. The local pressure fluctuation was decreased by increasing water addition, whose maximum decrement occurred at the trailing part of the recess. The knock intensity gradually decreased as the amount of water injection increased. When the water injection ratio of 40%, there was no obvious auto-ignition occurrence, and NOx formation reduced significantly at the exhaust moment, which confirmed direct water injection was one of the most promising and effective methods to control knock propensity and NOx emissions simultaneously. In addition, the water droplets of a smaller water injection ratio (10%) scheme spread faster than the water-free scheme after spontaneous combustion, which could reach the fuel surface to present azeotropic phenomena and then enhance the combustion. This result shall give insights into the feasibility of a proper water addition for improving the thermal efficiency of the Wankel engine regime.
abstractGer	The attractiveness of direct water injection advantages has made a comeback in the minds of designers due to the potential knock mitigation and lower NOx emissions. The current work established and validated an appropriate 3D model for hydrogen-enriched Wankel engines with direct water injection, and the used CFD simulation was mainly a consideration of combustion and flow phenomena inside the engine and securing the gained knowledge. The determinations of the knock operation and position were investigated, and the intrinsic mechanism of end-gas auto-ignition was clarified. Then, the effects of water injection strategies on knock mitigation and NOx reduction were analyzed in detail. Results showed that the end-gas auto-ignition caused the drastic variation of the local velocity field and the severe pressure oscillation in the vicinity of these regions, which led to knocking combustion. The highest knock propensity occurred at the trailing part of the recess, especially on the opposite side of the intake port. The pressure oscillation of water-enriched schemes was smaller than water-free schemes, and the knock intensity gradually decreased with the advance of water injection timing. When the injection timing was 250°EA, the propensity of end-gas auto-ignition was weakened obviously due to the reduced local temperature and pressure within the rotor chamber, and NOx formation was lower than the other schemes. The local pressure fluctuation was decreased by increasing water addition, whose maximum decrement occurred at the trailing part of the recess. The knock intensity gradually decreased as the amount of water injection increased. When the water injection ratio of 40%, there was no obvious auto-ignition occurrence, and NOx formation reduced significantly at the exhaust moment, which confirmed direct water injection was one of the most promising and effective methods to control knock propensity and NOx emissions simultaneously. In addition, the water droplets of a smaller water injection ratio (10%) scheme spread faster than the water-free scheme after spontaneous combustion, which could reach the fuel surface to present azeotropic phenomena and then enhance the combustion. This result shall give insights into the feasibility of a proper water addition for improving the thermal efficiency of the Wankel engine regime.
abstract_unstemmed	The attractiveness of direct water injection advantages has made a comeback in the minds of designers due to the potential knock mitigation and lower NOx emissions. The current work established and validated an appropriate 3D model for hydrogen-enriched Wankel engines with direct water injection, and the used CFD simulation was mainly a consideration of combustion and flow phenomena inside the engine and securing the gained knowledge. The determinations of the knock operation and position were investigated, and the intrinsic mechanism of end-gas auto-ignition was clarified. Then, the effects of water injection strategies on knock mitigation and NOx reduction were analyzed in detail. Results showed that the end-gas auto-ignition caused the drastic variation of the local velocity field and the severe pressure oscillation in the vicinity of these regions, which led to knocking combustion. The highest knock propensity occurred at the trailing part of the recess, especially on the opposite side of the intake port. The pressure oscillation of water-enriched schemes was smaller than water-free schemes, and the knock intensity gradually decreased with the advance of water injection timing. When the injection timing was 250°EA, the propensity of end-gas auto-ignition was weakened obviously due to the reduced local temperature and pressure within the rotor chamber, and NOx formation was lower than the other schemes. The local pressure fluctuation was decreased by increasing water addition, whose maximum decrement occurred at the trailing part of the recess. The knock intensity gradually decreased as the amount of water injection increased. When the water injection ratio of 40%, there was no obvious auto-ignition occurrence, and NOx formation reduced significantly at the exhaust moment, which confirmed direct water injection was one of the most promising and effective methods to control knock propensity and NOx emissions simultaneously. In addition, the water droplets of a smaller water injection ratio (10%) scheme spread faster than the water-free scheme after spontaneous combustion, which could reach the fuel surface to present azeotropic phenomena and then enhance the combustion. This result shall give insights into the feasibility of a proper water addition for improving the thermal efficiency of the Wankel engine regime.
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title_short	An insight into direct water injection applied on the hydrogen-enriched rotary engine
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author2	Chai, Sen Wang, Huaiyu Ji, Changwei Ge, Yunshan Di, Liming
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doi_str	10.1016/j.fuel.2022.127352
up_date	2024-07-06T19:44:33.131Z
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The pressure oscillation of water-enriched schemes was smaller than water-free schemes, and the knock intensity gradually decreased with the advance of water injection timing. When the injection timing was 250°EA, the propensity of end-gas auto-ignition was weakened obviously due to the reduced local temperature and pressure within the rotor chamber, and NOx formation was lower than the other schemes. The local pressure fluctuation was decreased by increasing water addition, whose maximum decrement occurred at the trailing part of the recess. The knock intensity gradually decreased as the amount of water injection increased. When the water injection ratio of 40%, there was no obvious auto-ignition occurrence, and NOx formation reduced significantly at the exhaust moment, which confirmed direct water injection was one of the most promising and effective methods to control knock propensity and NOx emissions simultaneously. In addition, the water droplets of a smaller water injection ratio (10%) scheme spread faster than the water-free scheme after spontaneous combustion, which could reach the fuel surface to present azeotropic phenomena and then enhance the combustion. This result shall give insights into the feasibility of a proper water addition for improving the thermal efficiency of the Wankel engine regime.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Wankel rotary engine</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Hydrogen enrichment</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Water direct-injection</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Combustion</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Knock mitigation</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">NO</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Chai, Sen</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Wang, Huaiyu</subfield><subfield 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An insight into direct water injection applied on the hydrogen-enriched rotary engine

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