An insight into direct water injection applied on the hydrogen-enriched rotary engine
The attractiveness of direct water injection advantages has made a comeback in the minds of designers due to the potential knock mitigation and lower NOx emissions. The current work established and validated an appropriate 3D model for hydrogen-enriched Wankel engines with direct water injection, an...
Ausführliche Beschreibung
Autor*in: |
Shi, Cheng [verfasserIn] Chai, Sen [verfasserIn] Wang, Huaiyu [verfasserIn] Ji, Changwei [verfasserIn] Ge, Yunshan [verfasserIn] Di, Liming [verfasserIn] |
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Format: |
E-Artikel |
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Sprache: |
Englisch |
Erschienen: |
2023 |
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Schlagwörter: |
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Übergeordnetes Werk: |
Enthalten in: Fuel - New York, NY [u.a.] : Elsevier, 1970, 339 |
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Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:339 |
DOI / URN: |
10.1016/j.fuel.2022.127352 |
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Katalog-ID: |
ELV063516020 |
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520 | |a The attractiveness of direct water injection advantages has made a comeback in the minds of designers due to the potential knock mitigation and lower NOx emissions. The current work established and validated an appropriate 3D model for hydrogen-enriched Wankel engines with direct water injection, and the used CFD simulation was mainly a consideration of combustion and flow phenomena inside the engine and securing the gained knowledge. The determinations of the knock operation and position were investigated, and the intrinsic mechanism of end-gas auto-ignition was clarified. Then, the effects of water injection strategies on knock mitigation and NOx reduction were analyzed in detail. Results showed that the end-gas auto-ignition caused the drastic variation of the local velocity field and the severe pressure oscillation in the vicinity of these regions, which led to knocking combustion. The highest knock propensity occurred at the trailing part of the recess, especially on the opposite side of the intake port. The pressure oscillation of water-enriched schemes was smaller than water-free schemes, and the knock intensity gradually decreased with the advance of water injection timing. When the injection timing was 250°EA, the propensity of end-gas auto-ignition was weakened obviously due to the reduced local temperature and pressure within the rotor chamber, and NOx formation was lower than the other schemes. The local pressure fluctuation was decreased by increasing water addition, whose maximum decrement occurred at the trailing part of the recess. The knock intensity gradually decreased as the amount of water injection increased. When the water injection ratio of 40%, there was no obvious auto-ignition occurrence, and NOx formation reduced significantly at the exhaust moment, which confirmed direct water injection was one of the most promising and effective methods to control knock propensity and NOx emissions simultaneously. In addition, the water droplets of a smaller water injection ratio (10%) scheme spread faster than the water-free scheme after spontaneous combustion, which could reach the fuel surface to present azeotropic phenomena and then enhance the combustion. This result shall give insights into the feasibility of a proper water addition for improving the thermal efficiency of the Wankel engine regime. | ||
650 | 4 | |a Wankel rotary engine | |
650 | 4 | |a Hydrogen enrichment | |
650 | 4 | |a Water direct-injection | |
650 | 4 | |a Combustion | |
650 | 4 | |a Knock mitigation | |
650 | 4 | |a NO | |
700 | 1 | |a Chai, Sen |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
700 | 1 | |a Wang, Huaiyu |e verfasserin |0 (orcid)0000-0002-4322-101X |4 aut | |
700 | 1 | |a Ji, Changwei |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
700 | 1 | |a Ge, Yunshan |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
700 | 1 | |a Di, Liming |e verfasserin |0 (orcid)0000-0002-9533-426X |4 aut | |
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allfields |
10.1016/j.fuel.2022.127352 doi (DE-627)ELV063516020 (ELSEVIER)S0016-2361(22)04176-X DE-627 ger DE-627 rda eng 660 VZ 58.21 bkl Shi, Cheng verfasserin aut An insight into direct water injection applied on the hydrogen-enriched rotary engine 2023 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier The attractiveness of direct water injection advantages has made a comeback in the minds of designers due to the potential knock mitigation and lower NOx emissions. The current work established and validated an appropriate 3D model for hydrogen-enriched Wankel engines with direct water injection, and the used CFD simulation was mainly a consideration of combustion and flow phenomena inside the engine and securing the gained knowledge. The determinations of the knock operation and position were investigated, and the intrinsic mechanism of end-gas auto-ignition was clarified. Then, the effects of water injection strategies on knock mitigation and NOx reduction were analyzed in detail. Results showed that the end-gas auto-ignition caused the drastic variation of the local velocity field and the severe pressure oscillation in the vicinity of these regions, which led to knocking combustion. The highest knock propensity occurred at the trailing part of the recess, especially on the opposite side of the intake port. The pressure oscillation of water-enriched schemes was smaller than water-free schemes, and the knock intensity gradually decreased with the advance of water injection timing. When the injection timing was 250°EA, the propensity of end-gas auto-ignition was weakened obviously due to the reduced local temperature and pressure within the rotor chamber, and NOx formation was lower than the other schemes. The local pressure fluctuation was decreased by increasing water addition, whose maximum decrement occurred at the trailing part of the recess. The knock intensity gradually decreased as the amount of water injection increased. When the water injection ratio of 40%, there was no obvious auto-ignition occurrence, and NOx formation reduced significantly at the exhaust moment, which confirmed direct water injection was one of the most promising and effective methods to control knock propensity and NOx emissions simultaneously. In addition, the water droplets of a smaller water injection ratio (10%) scheme spread faster than the water-free scheme after spontaneous combustion, which could reach the fuel surface to present azeotropic phenomena and then enhance the combustion. This result shall give insights into the feasibility of a proper water addition for improving the thermal efficiency of the Wankel engine regime. Wankel rotary engine Hydrogen enrichment Water direct-injection Combustion Knock mitigation NO Chai, Sen verfasserin aut Wang, Huaiyu verfasserin (orcid)0000-0002-4322-101X aut Ji, Changwei verfasserin aut Ge, Yunshan verfasserin aut Di, Liming verfasserin (orcid)0000-0002-9533-426X aut Enthalten in Fuel New York, NY [u.a.] : Elsevier, 1970 339 Online-Ressource (DE-627)300898584 (DE-600)1483656-7 (DE-576)09555176X 0016-2361 nnns volume:339 GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 58.21 Brennstoffe Kraftstoffe Explosivstoffe VZ AR 339 |
spelling |
10.1016/j.fuel.2022.127352 doi (DE-627)ELV063516020 (ELSEVIER)S0016-2361(22)04176-X DE-627 ger DE-627 rda eng 660 VZ 58.21 bkl Shi, Cheng verfasserin aut An insight into direct water injection applied on the hydrogen-enriched rotary engine 2023 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier The attractiveness of direct water injection advantages has made a comeback in the minds of designers due to the potential knock mitigation and lower NOx emissions. The current work established and validated an appropriate 3D model for hydrogen-enriched Wankel engines with direct water injection, and the used CFD simulation was mainly a consideration of combustion and flow phenomena inside the engine and securing the gained knowledge. The determinations of the knock operation and position were investigated, and the intrinsic mechanism of end-gas auto-ignition was clarified. Then, the effects of water injection strategies on knock mitigation and NOx reduction were analyzed in detail. Results showed that the end-gas auto-ignition caused the drastic variation of the local velocity field and the severe pressure oscillation in the vicinity of these regions, which led to knocking combustion. The highest knock propensity occurred at the trailing part of the recess, especially on the opposite side of the intake port. The pressure oscillation of water-enriched schemes was smaller than water-free schemes, and the knock intensity gradually decreased with the advance of water injection timing. When the injection timing was 250°EA, the propensity of end-gas auto-ignition was weakened obviously due to the reduced local temperature and pressure within the rotor chamber, and NOx formation was lower than the other schemes. The local pressure fluctuation was decreased by increasing water addition, whose maximum decrement occurred at the trailing part of the recess. The knock intensity gradually decreased as the amount of water injection increased. When the water injection ratio of 40%, there was no obvious auto-ignition occurrence, and NOx formation reduced significantly at the exhaust moment, which confirmed direct water injection was one of the most promising and effective methods to control knock propensity and NOx emissions simultaneously. In addition, the water droplets of a smaller water injection ratio (10%) scheme spread faster than the water-free scheme after spontaneous combustion, which could reach the fuel surface to present azeotropic phenomena and then enhance the combustion. This result shall give insights into the feasibility of a proper water addition for improving the thermal efficiency of the Wankel engine regime. Wankel rotary engine Hydrogen enrichment Water direct-injection Combustion Knock mitigation NO Chai, Sen verfasserin aut Wang, Huaiyu verfasserin (orcid)0000-0002-4322-101X aut Ji, Changwei verfasserin aut Ge, Yunshan verfasserin aut Di, Liming verfasserin (orcid)0000-0002-9533-426X aut Enthalten in Fuel New York, NY [u.a.] : Elsevier, 1970 339 Online-Ressource (DE-627)300898584 (DE-600)1483656-7 (DE-576)09555176X 0016-2361 nnns volume:339 GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 58.21 Brennstoffe Kraftstoffe Explosivstoffe VZ AR 339 |
allfields_unstemmed |
10.1016/j.fuel.2022.127352 doi (DE-627)ELV063516020 (ELSEVIER)S0016-2361(22)04176-X DE-627 ger DE-627 rda eng 660 VZ 58.21 bkl Shi, Cheng verfasserin aut An insight into direct water injection applied on the hydrogen-enriched rotary engine 2023 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier The attractiveness of direct water injection advantages has made a comeback in the minds of designers due to the potential knock mitigation and lower NOx emissions. The current work established and validated an appropriate 3D model for hydrogen-enriched Wankel engines with direct water injection, and the used CFD simulation was mainly a consideration of combustion and flow phenomena inside the engine and securing the gained knowledge. The determinations of the knock operation and position were investigated, and the intrinsic mechanism of end-gas auto-ignition was clarified. Then, the effects of water injection strategies on knock mitigation and NOx reduction were analyzed in detail. Results showed that the end-gas auto-ignition caused the drastic variation of the local velocity field and the severe pressure oscillation in the vicinity of these regions, which led to knocking combustion. The highest knock propensity occurred at the trailing part of the recess, especially on the opposite side of the intake port. The pressure oscillation of water-enriched schemes was smaller than water-free schemes, and the knock intensity gradually decreased with the advance of water injection timing. When the injection timing was 250°EA, the propensity of end-gas auto-ignition was weakened obviously due to the reduced local temperature and pressure within the rotor chamber, and NOx formation was lower than the other schemes. The local pressure fluctuation was decreased by increasing water addition, whose maximum decrement occurred at the trailing part of the recess. The knock intensity gradually decreased as the amount of water injection increased. When the water injection ratio of 40%, there was no obvious auto-ignition occurrence, and NOx formation reduced significantly at the exhaust moment, which confirmed direct water injection was one of the most promising and effective methods to control knock propensity and NOx emissions simultaneously. In addition, the water droplets of a smaller water injection ratio (10%) scheme spread faster than the water-free scheme after spontaneous combustion, which could reach the fuel surface to present azeotropic phenomena and then enhance the combustion. This result shall give insights into the feasibility of a proper water addition for improving the thermal efficiency of the Wankel engine regime. Wankel rotary engine Hydrogen enrichment Water direct-injection Combustion Knock mitigation NO Chai, Sen verfasserin aut Wang, Huaiyu verfasserin (orcid)0000-0002-4322-101X aut Ji, Changwei verfasserin aut Ge, Yunshan verfasserin aut Di, Liming verfasserin (orcid)0000-0002-9533-426X aut Enthalten in Fuel New York, NY [u.a.] : Elsevier, 1970 339 Online-Ressource (DE-627)300898584 (DE-600)1483656-7 (DE-576)09555176X 0016-2361 nnns volume:339 GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 58.21 Brennstoffe Kraftstoffe Explosivstoffe VZ AR 339 |
allfieldsGer |
10.1016/j.fuel.2022.127352 doi (DE-627)ELV063516020 (ELSEVIER)S0016-2361(22)04176-X DE-627 ger DE-627 rda eng 660 VZ 58.21 bkl Shi, Cheng verfasserin aut An insight into direct water injection applied on the hydrogen-enriched rotary engine 2023 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier The attractiveness of direct water injection advantages has made a comeback in the minds of designers due to the potential knock mitigation and lower NOx emissions. The current work established and validated an appropriate 3D model for hydrogen-enriched Wankel engines with direct water injection, and the used CFD simulation was mainly a consideration of combustion and flow phenomena inside the engine and securing the gained knowledge. The determinations of the knock operation and position were investigated, and the intrinsic mechanism of end-gas auto-ignition was clarified. Then, the effects of water injection strategies on knock mitigation and NOx reduction were analyzed in detail. Results showed that the end-gas auto-ignition caused the drastic variation of the local velocity field and the severe pressure oscillation in the vicinity of these regions, which led to knocking combustion. The highest knock propensity occurred at the trailing part of the recess, especially on the opposite side of the intake port. The pressure oscillation of water-enriched schemes was smaller than water-free schemes, and the knock intensity gradually decreased with the advance of water injection timing. When the injection timing was 250°EA, the propensity of end-gas auto-ignition was weakened obviously due to the reduced local temperature and pressure within the rotor chamber, and NOx formation was lower than the other schemes. The local pressure fluctuation was decreased by increasing water addition, whose maximum decrement occurred at the trailing part of the recess. The knock intensity gradually decreased as the amount of water injection increased. When the water injection ratio of 40%, there was no obvious auto-ignition occurrence, and NOx formation reduced significantly at the exhaust moment, which confirmed direct water injection was one of the most promising and effective methods to control knock propensity and NOx emissions simultaneously. In addition, the water droplets of a smaller water injection ratio (10%) scheme spread faster than the water-free scheme after spontaneous combustion, which could reach the fuel surface to present azeotropic phenomena and then enhance the combustion. This result shall give insights into the feasibility of a proper water addition for improving the thermal efficiency of the Wankel engine regime. Wankel rotary engine Hydrogen enrichment Water direct-injection Combustion Knock mitigation NO Chai, Sen verfasserin aut Wang, Huaiyu verfasserin (orcid)0000-0002-4322-101X aut Ji, Changwei verfasserin aut Ge, Yunshan verfasserin aut Di, Liming verfasserin (orcid)0000-0002-9533-426X aut Enthalten in Fuel New York, NY [u.a.] : Elsevier, 1970 339 Online-Ressource (DE-627)300898584 (DE-600)1483656-7 (DE-576)09555176X 0016-2361 nnns volume:339 GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 58.21 Brennstoffe Kraftstoffe Explosivstoffe VZ AR 339 |
allfieldsSound |
10.1016/j.fuel.2022.127352 doi (DE-627)ELV063516020 (ELSEVIER)S0016-2361(22)04176-X DE-627 ger DE-627 rda eng 660 VZ 58.21 bkl Shi, Cheng verfasserin aut An insight into direct water injection applied on the hydrogen-enriched rotary engine 2023 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier The attractiveness of direct water injection advantages has made a comeback in the minds of designers due to the potential knock mitigation and lower NOx emissions. The current work established and validated an appropriate 3D model for hydrogen-enriched Wankel engines with direct water injection, and the used CFD simulation was mainly a consideration of combustion and flow phenomena inside the engine and securing the gained knowledge. The determinations of the knock operation and position were investigated, and the intrinsic mechanism of end-gas auto-ignition was clarified. Then, the effects of water injection strategies on knock mitigation and NOx reduction were analyzed in detail. Results showed that the end-gas auto-ignition caused the drastic variation of the local velocity field and the severe pressure oscillation in the vicinity of these regions, which led to knocking combustion. The highest knock propensity occurred at the trailing part of the recess, especially on the opposite side of the intake port. The pressure oscillation of water-enriched schemes was smaller than water-free schemes, and the knock intensity gradually decreased with the advance of water injection timing. When the injection timing was 250°EA, the propensity of end-gas auto-ignition was weakened obviously due to the reduced local temperature and pressure within the rotor chamber, and NOx formation was lower than the other schemes. The local pressure fluctuation was decreased by increasing water addition, whose maximum decrement occurred at the trailing part of the recess. The knock intensity gradually decreased as the amount of water injection increased. When the water injection ratio of 40%, there was no obvious auto-ignition occurrence, and NOx formation reduced significantly at the exhaust moment, which confirmed direct water injection was one of the most promising and effective methods to control knock propensity and NOx emissions simultaneously. In addition, the water droplets of a smaller water injection ratio (10%) scheme spread faster than the water-free scheme after spontaneous combustion, which could reach the fuel surface to present azeotropic phenomena and then enhance the combustion. This result shall give insights into the feasibility of a proper water addition for improving the thermal efficiency of the Wankel engine regime. Wankel rotary engine Hydrogen enrichment Water direct-injection Combustion Knock mitigation NO Chai, Sen verfasserin aut Wang, Huaiyu verfasserin (orcid)0000-0002-4322-101X aut Ji, Changwei verfasserin aut Ge, Yunshan verfasserin aut Di, Liming verfasserin (orcid)0000-0002-9533-426X aut Enthalten in Fuel New York, NY [u.a.] : Elsevier, 1970 339 Online-Ressource (DE-627)300898584 (DE-600)1483656-7 (DE-576)09555176X 0016-2361 nnns volume:339 GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U SSG-OLC-PHA GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 58.21 Brennstoffe Kraftstoffe Explosivstoffe VZ AR 339 |
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Shi, Cheng @@aut@@ Chai, Sen @@aut@@ Wang, Huaiyu @@aut@@ Ji, Changwei @@aut@@ Ge, Yunshan @@aut@@ Di, Liming @@aut@@ |
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Shi, Cheng |
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Shi, Cheng ddc 660 bkl 58.21 misc Wankel rotary engine misc Hydrogen enrichment misc Water direct-injection misc Combustion misc Knock mitigation misc NO An insight into direct water injection applied on the hydrogen-enriched rotary engine |
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660 VZ 58.21 bkl An insight into direct water injection applied on the hydrogen-enriched rotary engine Wankel rotary engine Hydrogen enrichment Water direct-injection Combustion Knock mitigation NO |
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an insight into direct water injection applied on the hydrogen-enriched rotary engine |
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An insight into direct water injection applied on the hydrogen-enriched rotary engine |
abstract |
The attractiveness of direct water injection advantages has made a comeback in the minds of designers due to the potential knock mitigation and lower NOx emissions. The current work established and validated an appropriate 3D model for hydrogen-enriched Wankel engines with direct water injection, and the used CFD simulation was mainly a consideration of combustion and flow phenomena inside the engine and securing the gained knowledge. The determinations of the knock operation and position were investigated, and the intrinsic mechanism of end-gas auto-ignition was clarified. Then, the effects of water injection strategies on knock mitigation and NOx reduction were analyzed in detail. Results showed that the end-gas auto-ignition caused the drastic variation of the local velocity field and the severe pressure oscillation in the vicinity of these regions, which led to knocking combustion. The highest knock propensity occurred at the trailing part of the recess, especially on the opposite side of the intake port. The pressure oscillation of water-enriched schemes was smaller than water-free schemes, and the knock intensity gradually decreased with the advance of water injection timing. When the injection timing was 250°EA, the propensity of end-gas auto-ignition was weakened obviously due to the reduced local temperature and pressure within the rotor chamber, and NOx formation was lower than the other schemes. The local pressure fluctuation was decreased by increasing water addition, whose maximum decrement occurred at the trailing part of the recess. The knock intensity gradually decreased as the amount of water injection increased. When the water injection ratio of 40%, there was no obvious auto-ignition occurrence, and NOx formation reduced significantly at the exhaust moment, which confirmed direct water injection was one of the most promising and effective methods to control knock propensity and NOx emissions simultaneously. In addition, the water droplets of a smaller water injection ratio (10%) scheme spread faster than the water-free scheme after spontaneous combustion, which could reach the fuel surface to present azeotropic phenomena and then enhance the combustion. This result shall give insights into the feasibility of a proper water addition for improving the thermal efficiency of the Wankel engine regime. |
abstractGer |
The attractiveness of direct water injection advantages has made a comeback in the minds of designers due to the potential knock mitigation and lower NOx emissions. The current work established and validated an appropriate 3D model for hydrogen-enriched Wankel engines with direct water injection, and the used CFD simulation was mainly a consideration of combustion and flow phenomena inside the engine and securing the gained knowledge. The determinations of the knock operation and position were investigated, and the intrinsic mechanism of end-gas auto-ignition was clarified. Then, the effects of water injection strategies on knock mitigation and NOx reduction were analyzed in detail. Results showed that the end-gas auto-ignition caused the drastic variation of the local velocity field and the severe pressure oscillation in the vicinity of these regions, which led to knocking combustion. The highest knock propensity occurred at the trailing part of the recess, especially on the opposite side of the intake port. The pressure oscillation of water-enriched schemes was smaller than water-free schemes, and the knock intensity gradually decreased with the advance of water injection timing. When the injection timing was 250°EA, the propensity of end-gas auto-ignition was weakened obviously due to the reduced local temperature and pressure within the rotor chamber, and NOx formation was lower than the other schemes. The local pressure fluctuation was decreased by increasing water addition, whose maximum decrement occurred at the trailing part of the recess. The knock intensity gradually decreased as the amount of water injection increased. When the water injection ratio of 40%, there was no obvious auto-ignition occurrence, and NOx formation reduced significantly at the exhaust moment, which confirmed direct water injection was one of the most promising and effective methods to control knock propensity and NOx emissions simultaneously. In addition, the water droplets of a smaller water injection ratio (10%) scheme spread faster than the water-free scheme after spontaneous combustion, which could reach the fuel surface to present azeotropic phenomena and then enhance the combustion. This result shall give insights into the feasibility of a proper water addition for improving the thermal efficiency of the Wankel engine regime. |
abstract_unstemmed |
The attractiveness of direct water injection advantages has made a comeback in the minds of designers due to the potential knock mitigation and lower NOx emissions. The current work established and validated an appropriate 3D model for hydrogen-enriched Wankel engines with direct water injection, and the used CFD simulation was mainly a consideration of combustion and flow phenomena inside the engine and securing the gained knowledge. The determinations of the knock operation and position were investigated, and the intrinsic mechanism of end-gas auto-ignition was clarified. Then, the effects of water injection strategies on knock mitigation and NOx reduction were analyzed in detail. Results showed that the end-gas auto-ignition caused the drastic variation of the local velocity field and the severe pressure oscillation in the vicinity of these regions, which led to knocking combustion. The highest knock propensity occurred at the trailing part of the recess, especially on the opposite side of the intake port. The pressure oscillation of water-enriched schemes was smaller than water-free schemes, and the knock intensity gradually decreased with the advance of water injection timing. When the injection timing was 250°EA, the propensity of end-gas auto-ignition was weakened obviously due to the reduced local temperature and pressure within the rotor chamber, and NOx formation was lower than the other schemes. The local pressure fluctuation was decreased by increasing water addition, whose maximum decrement occurred at the trailing part of the recess. The knock intensity gradually decreased as the amount of water injection increased. When the water injection ratio of 40%, there was no obvious auto-ignition occurrence, and NOx formation reduced significantly at the exhaust moment, which confirmed direct water injection was one of the most promising and effective methods to control knock propensity and NOx emissions simultaneously. In addition, the water droplets of a smaller water injection ratio (10%) scheme spread faster than the water-free scheme after spontaneous combustion, which could reach the fuel surface to present azeotropic phenomena and then enhance the combustion. This result shall give insights into the feasibility of a proper water addition for improving the thermal efficiency of the Wankel engine regime. |
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7.400403 |