Understanding the effect of char oxidation on wood temperature profiles for varying heating and oxygen conditions
The use of mass timber framing as a sustainable material, particularly in high-rise buildings, requires detailed structural fire performance calculations. Thermal models describing only the solid phase are cost-effective alternatives to provide information to structural behavior models. Their accura...
Ausführliche Beschreibung
Gespeichert in:
| Autor*in: |
Correa, Nicolás [verfasserIn] Cuevas, Juan [verfasserIn] Fuentes, Andrés [verfasserIn] Torero, José Luis [verfasserIn] Reszka, Pedro [verfasserIn] |
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| Format: |
E-Artikel |
|---|---|
| Sprache: |
Englisch |
| Erschienen: |
2023 |
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| Schlagwörter: |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
Enthalten in: Fire safety journal - New York, NY [u.a.] : Elsevier, 1977, 142 |
|---|---|
| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:142 |
| DOI / URN: |
10.1016/j.firesaf.2023.104049 |
|---|
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ELV066003199 |
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| 520 | |a The use of mass timber framing as a sustainable material, particularly in high-rise buildings, requires detailed structural fire performance calculations. Thermal models describing only the solid phase are cost-effective alternatives to provide information to structural behavior models. Their accuracy depends on an adequate description of drying, pyrolysis, charring and eventually flaming phenomena. While in recent years there have been considerable contributions to the development of such models, there are still open questions. This work proposes a thermal model which incorporates char oxidation, describing both the kinetic- and diffusion-controlled regimes. The model was used to replicate two sets of experimental results which used standard fire calorimeters to study the ignition of thick wood specimens within a range of incident heat fluxes and oxygen concentrations, respectively. The model yields adequate temperature predictions in the early heating stages, but fails to replicate the behavior at later stages, when the effect of the surface combustion is noticeable. In terms of mass loss rates, a poorer performance is observed. To change from one oxidation regime to another, a Damköhler number is proposed, based on char oxidation reaction rates. It is found that for compartment fire conditions, char oxidation will mostly occur develop under diffusion-controlled conditions. | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Pyrolysis modeling | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Wood heating | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Temperature profile | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Structural fire behavior | |
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| 700 | 1 | |a Fuentes, Andrés |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Torero, José Luis |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Reszka, Pedro |e verfasserin |0 (orcid)0000-0002-3540-6866 |4 aut | |
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10.1016/j.firesaf.2023.104049 doi (DE-627)ELV066003199 (ELSEVIER)S0379-7112(23)00317-X DE-627 ger DE-627 rda eng 690 VZ 50.17 bkl Correa, Nicolás verfasserin aut Understanding the effect of char oxidation on wood temperature profiles for varying heating and oxygen conditions 2023 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier The use of mass timber framing as a sustainable material, particularly in high-rise buildings, requires detailed structural fire performance calculations. Thermal models describing only the solid phase are cost-effective alternatives to provide information to structural behavior models. Their accuracy depends on an adequate description of drying, pyrolysis, charring and eventually flaming phenomena. While in recent years there have been considerable contributions to the development of such models, there are still open questions. This work proposes a thermal model which incorporates char oxidation, describing both the kinetic- and diffusion-controlled regimes. The model was used to replicate two sets of experimental results which used standard fire calorimeters to study the ignition of thick wood specimens within a range of incident heat fluxes and oxygen concentrations, respectively. The model yields adequate temperature predictions in the early heating stages, but fails to replicate the behavior at later stages, when the effect of the surface combustion is noticeable. In terms of mass loss rates, a poorer performance is observed. To change from one oxidation regime to another, a Damköhler number is proposed, based on char oxidation reaction rates. It is found that for compartment fire conditions, char oxidation will mostly occur develop under diffusion-controlled conditions. Pyrolysis modeling Wood heating Temperature profile Structural fire behavior Cuevas, Juan verfasserin aut Fuentes, Andrés verfasserin aut Torero, José Luis verfasserin aut Reszka, Pedro verfasserin (orcid)0000-0002-3540-6866 aut Enthalten in Fire safety journal New York, NY [u.a.] : Elsevier, 1977 142 Online-Ressource (DE-627)300897758 (DE-600)1483569-1 (DE-576)096188588 nnns volume:142 GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 50.17 Sicherheitstechnik VZ AR 142 |
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10.1016/j.firesaf.2023.104049 doi (DE-627)ELV066003199 (ELSEVIER)S0379-7112(23)00317-X DE-627 ger DE-627 rda eng 690 VZ 50.17 bkl Correa, Nicolás verfasserin aut Understanding the effect of char oxidation on wood temperature profiles for varying heating and oxygen conditions 2023 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier The use of mass timber framing as a sustainable material, particularly in high-rise buildings, requires detailed structural fire performance calculations. Thermal models describing only the solid phase are cost-effective alternatives to provide information to structural behavior models. Their accuracy depends on an adequate description of drying, pyrolysis, charring and eventually flaming phenomena. While in recent years there have been considerable contributions to the development of such models, there are still open questions. This work proposes a thermal model which incorporates char oxidation, describing both the kinetic- and diffusion-controlled regimes. The model was used to replicate two sets of experimental results which used standard fire calorimeters to study the ignition of thick wood specimens within a range of incident heat fluxes and oxygen concentrations, respectively. The model yields adequate temperature predictions in the early heating stages, but fails to replicate the behavior at later stages, when the effect of the surface combustion is noticeable. In terms of mass loss rates, a poorer performance is observed. To change from one oxidation regime to another, a Damköhler number is proposed, based on char oxidation reaction rates. It is found that for compartment fire conditions, char oxidation will mostly occur develop under diffusion-controlled conditions. Pyrolysis modeling Wood heating Temperature profile Structural fire behavior Cuevas, Juan verfasserin aut Fuentes, Andrés verfasserin aut Torero, José Luis verfasserin aut Reszka, Pedro verfasserin (orcid)0000-0002-3540-6866 aut Enthalten in Fire safety journal New York, NY [u.a.] : Elsevier, 1977 142 Online-Ressource (DE-627)300897758 (DE-600)1483569-1 (DE-576)096188588 nnns volume:142 GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 50.17 Sicherheitstechnik VZ AR 142 |
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10.1016/j.firesaf.2023.104049 doi (DE-627)ELV066003199 (ELSEVIER)S0379-7112(23)00317-X DE-627 ger DE-627 rda eng 690 VZ 50.17 bkl Correa, Nicolás verfasserin aut Understanding the effect of char oxidation on wood temperature profiles for varying heating and oxygen conditions 2023 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier The use of mass timber framing as a sustainable material, particularly in high-rise buildings, requires detailed structural fire performance calculations. Thermal models describing only the solid phase are cost-effective alternatives to provide information to structural behavior models. Their accuracy depends on an adequate description of drying, pyrolysis, charring and eventually flaming phenomena. While in recent years there have been considerable contributions to the development of such models, there are still open questions. This work proposes a thermal model which incorporates char oxidation, describing both the kinetic- and diffusion-controlled regimes. The model was used to replicate two sets of experimental results which used standard fire calorimeters to study the ignition of thick wood specimens within a range of incident heat fluxes and oxygen concentrations, respectively. The model yields adequate temperature predictions in the early heating stages, but fails to replicate the behavior at later stages, when the effect of the surface combustion is noticeable. In terms of mass loss rates, a poorer performance is observed. To change from one oxidation regime to another, a Damköhler number is proposed, based on char oxidation reaction rates. It is found that for compartment fire conditions, char oxidation will mostly occur develop under diffusion-controlled conditions. Pyrolysis modeling Wood heating Temperature profile Structural fire behavior Cuevas, Juan verfasserin aut Fuentes, Andrés verfasserin aut Torero, José Luis verfasserin aut Reszka, Pedro verfasserin (orcid)0000-0002-3540-6866 aut Enthalten in Fire safety journal New York, NY [u.a.] : Elsevier, 1977 142 Online-Ressource (DE-627)300897758 (DE-600)1483569-1 (DE-576)096188588 nnns volume:142 GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 50.17 Sicherheitstechnik VZ AR 142 |
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10.1016/j.firesaf.2023.104049 doi (DE-627)ELV066003199 (ELSEVIER)S0379-7112(23)00317-X DE-627 ger DE-627 rda eng 690 VZ 50.17 bkl Correa, Nicolás verfasserin aut Understanding the effect of char oxidation on wood temperature profiles for varying heating and oxygen conditions 2023 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier The use of mass timber framing as a sustainable material, particularly in high-rise buildings, requires detailed structural fire performance calculations. Thermal models describing only the solid phase are cost-effective alternatives to provide information to structural behavior models. Their accuracy depends on an adequate description of drying, pyrolysis, charring and eventually flaming phenomena. While in recent years there have been considerable contributions to the development of such models, there are still open questions. This work proposes a thermal model which incorporates char oxidation, describing both the kinetic- and diffusion-controlled regimes. The model was used to replicate two sets of experimental results which used standard fire calorimeters to study the ignition of thick wood specimens within a range of incident heat fluxes and oxygen concentrations, respectively. The model yields adequate temperature predictions in the early heating stages, but fails to replicate the behavior at later stages, when the effect of the surface combustion is noticeable. In terms of mass loss rates, a poorer performance is observed. To change from one oxidation regime to another, a Damköhler number is proposed, based on char oxidation reaction rates. It is found that for compartment fire conditions, char oxidation will mostly occur develop under diffusion-controlled conditions. Pyrolysis modeling Wood heating Temperature profile Structural fire behavior Cuevas, Juan verfasserin aut Fuentes, Andrés verfasserin aut Torero, José Luis verfasserin aut Reszka, Pedro verfasserin (orcid)0000-0002-3540-6866 aut Enthalten in Fire safety journal New York, NY [u.a.] : Elsevier, 1977 142 Online-Ressource (DE-627)300897758 (DE-600)1483569-1 (DE-576)096188588 nnns volume:142 GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 50.17 Sicherheitstechnik VZ AR 142 |
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10.1016/j.firesaf.2023.104049 doi (DE-627)ELV066003199 (ELSEVIER)S0379-7112(23)00317-X DE-627 ger DE-627 rda eng 690 VZ 50.17 bkl Correa, Nicolás verfasserin aut Understanding the effect of char oxidation on wood temperature profiles for varying heating and oxygen conditions 2023 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier The use of mass timber framing as a sustainable material, particularly in high-rise buildings, requires detailed structural fire performance calculations. Thermal models describing only the solid phase are cost-effective alternatives to provide information to structural behavior models. Their accuracy depends on an adequate description of drying, pyrolysis, charring and eventually flaming phenomena. While in recent years there have been considerable contributions to the development of such models, there are still open questions. This work proposes a thermal model which incorporates char oxidation, describing both the kinetic- and diffusion-controlled regimes. The model was used to replicate two sets of experimental results which used standard fire calorimeters to study the ignition of thick wood specimens within a range of incident heat fluxes and oxygen concentrations, respectively. The model yields adequate temperature predictions in the early heating stages, but fails to replicate the behavior at later stages, when the effect of the surface combustion is noticeable. In terms of mass loss rates, a poorer performance is observed. To change from one oxidation regime to another, a Damköhler number is proposed, based on char oxidation reaction rates. It is found that for compartment fire conditions, char oxidation will mostly occur develop under diffusion-controlled conditions. Pyrolysis modeling Wood heating Temperature profile Structural fire behavior Cuevas, Juan verfasserin aut Fuentes, Andrés verfasserin aut Torero, José Luis verfasserin aut Reszka, Pedro verfasserin (orcid)0000-0002-3540-6866 aut Enthalten in Fire safety journal New York, NY [u.a.] : Elsevier, 1977 142 Online-Ressource (DE-627)300897758 (DE-600)1483569-1 (DE-576)096188588 nnns volume:142 GBV_USEFLAG_U GBV_ELV SYSFLAG_U GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_24 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_73 GBV_ILN_74 GBV_ILN_90 GBV_ILN_95 GBV_ILN_100 GBV_ILN_105 GBV_ILN_110 GBV_ILN_150 GBV_ILN_151 GBV_ILN_187 GBV_ILN_213 GBV_ILN_224 GBV_ILN_230 GBV_ILN_370 GBV_ILN_602 GBV_ILN_702 GBV_ILN_2001 GBV_ILN_2003 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2005 GBV_ILN_2007 GBV_ILN_2009 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2011 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_2025 GBV_ILN_2026 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_2034 GBV_ILN_2044 GBV_ILN_2048 GBV_ILN_2049 GBV_ILN_2050 GBV_ILN_2055 GBV_ILN_2056 GBV_ILN_2059 GBV_ILN_2061 GBV_ILN_2064 GBV_ILN_2106 GBV_ILN_2110 GBV_ILN_2111 GBV_ILN_2112 GBV_ILN_2122 GBV_ILN_2129 GBV_ILN_2143 GBV_ILN_2152 GBV_ILN_2153 GBV_ILN_2190 GBV_ILN_2232 GBV_ILN_2336 GBV_ILN_2470 GBV_ILN_2507 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4037 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4125 GBV_ILN_4242 GBV_ILN_4249 GBV_ILN_4251 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4322 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4324 GBV_ILN_4325 GBV_ILN_4326 GBV_ILN_4333 GBV_ILN_4334 GBV_ILN_4338 GBV_ILN_4393 GBV_ILN_4700 50.17 Sicherheitstechnik VZ AR 142 |
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Understanding the effect of char oxidation on wood temperature profiles for varying heating and oxygen conditions |
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Understanding the effect of char oxidation on wood temperature profiles for varying heating and oxygen conditions |
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Correa, Nicolás |
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Correa, Nicolás Cuevas, Juan Fuentes, Andrés Torero, José Luis Reszka, Pedro |
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understanding the effect of char oxidation on wood temperature profiles for varying heating and oxygen conditions |
| title_auth |
Understanding the effect of char oxidation on wood temperature profiles for varying heating and oxygen conditions |
| abstract |
The use of mass timber framing as a sustainable material, particularly in high-rise buildings, requires detailed structural fire performance calculations. Thermal models describing only the solid phase are cost-effective alternatives to provide information to structural behavior models. Their accuracy depends on an adequate description of drying, pyrolysis, charring and eventually flaming phenomena. While in recent years there have been considerable contributions to the development of such models, there are still open questions. This work proposes a thermal model which incorporates char oxidation, describing both the kinetic- and diffusion-controlled regimes. The model was used to replicate two sets of experimental results which used standard fire calorimeters to study the ignition of thick wood specimens within a range of incident heat fluxes and oxygen concentrations, respectively. The model yields adequate temperature predictions in the early heating stages, but fails to replicate the behavior at later stages, when the effect of the surface combustion is noticeable. In terms of mass loss rates, a poorer performance is observed. To change from one oxidation regime to another, a Damköhler number is proposed, based on char oxidation reaction rates. It is found that for compartment fire conditions, char oxidation will mostly occur develop under diffusion-controlled conditions. |
| abstractGer |
The use of mass timber framing as a sustainable material, particularly in high-rise buildings, requires detailed structural fire performance calculations. Thermal models describing only the solid phase are cost-effective alternatives to provide information to structural behavior models. Their accuracy depends on an adequate description of drying, pyrolysis, charring and eventually flaming phenomena. While in recent years there have been considerable contributions to the development of such models, there are still open questions. This work proposes a thermal model which incorporates char oxidation, describing both the kinetic- and diffusion-controlled regimes. The model was used to replicate two sets of experimental results which used standard fire calorimeters to study the ignition of thick wood specimens within a range of incident heat fluxes and oxygen concentrations, respectively. The model yields adequate temperature predictions in the early heating stages, but fails to replicate the behavior at later stages, when the effect of the surface combustion is noticeable. In terms of mass loss rates, a poorer performance is observed. To change from one oxidation regime to another, a Damköhler number is proposed, based on char oxidation reaction rates. It is found that for compartment fire conditions, char oxidation will mostly occur develop under diffusion-controlled conditions. |
| abstract_unstemmed |
The use of mass timber framing as a sustainable material, particularly in high-rise buildings, requires detailed structural fire performance calculations. Thermal models describing only the solid phase are cost-effective alternatives to provide information to structural behavior models. Their accuracy depends on an adequate description of drying, pyrolysis, charring and eventually flaming phenomena. While in recent years there have been considerable contributions to the development of such models, there are still open questions. This work proposes a thermal model which incorporates char oxidation, describing both the kinetic- and diffusion-controlled regimes. The model was used to replicate two sets of experimental results which used standard fire calorimeters to study the ignition of thick wood specimens within a range of incident heat fluxes and oxygen concentrations, respectively. The model yields adequate temperature predictions in the early heating stages, but fails to replicate the behavior at later stages, when the effect of the surface combustion is noticeable. In terms of mass loss rates, a poorer performance is observed. To change from one oxidation regime to another, a Damköhler number is proposed, based on char oxidation reaction rates. It is found that for compartment fire conditions, char oxidation will mostly occur develop under diffusion-controlled conditions. |
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Understanding the effect of char oxidation on wood temperature profiles for varying heating and oxygen conditions |
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