Increased digestibility of bagasses by pretreatment with alkalis and steam explosion
Alkali treatment and steam explosion of bagasse were investigated in order to develop economical and effective methods of increasing the digestibility of bagasse. The treated bagasse was to be used as a substrate for the production of volatile fatty acids by anaerobic acidogenic bacteria. The alkali...
Ausführliche Beschreibung
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| Format: |
E-Artikel |
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| Sprache: |
Englisch |
| Erschienen: |
1984 |
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| Umfang: |
1 Ill. ; 9 Tab. 8 |
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| Reproduktion: |
Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000 |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
in: Biotechnology and Bioengineering - New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley, 26(1984) vom: Mai, Seite 426-433 |
| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:26 ; year:1984 ; month:05 ; pages:426-433 ; extent:8 |
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NLEJ159627796 |
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| 520 | |a Alkali treatment and steam explosion of bagasse were investigated in order to develop economical and effective methods of increasing the digestibility of bagasse. The treated bagasse was to be used as a substrate for the production of volatile fatty acids by anaerobic acidogenic bacteria. The alkalis examined were NaOH, NH3 (aqueous), NaOH + NH3, Ca(OH)2, and Ca(OH)2 + Na2CO3, at ambient temperature and in combination with steam explosion at 200°C, 6.9 MPa, and 5 min cooking times. Digestibilities of up to 733 g organic matter (OM)/kg bagasse dry matter (DM) were obtained for bagasse treated with NaOH and Ca(OH)2 + Na2CO3; less than 430 g OM was obtained for bagasse treated with aqueous NH3; and up to 724 g OM was obtained for bagasse treated with Ca(OH)2. This digestibility was only achieved by using high concentrations of Ca(OH)2, i.e., 180-300 g/kg bagasse. Steam explosion increased the digestibility of bagasse up to 740 g OM in the presence of alkali but only to 610 g OM in the absence of alkali. The digestibility of bagasse without pretreatment was 190 g OM/kg bagasse DM. More than one-half the hemicellulose present was solubilized by pretreatment. The composition of the liquid fraction of steam-exploded material was examined and contained mainly xylose monomers and oligomers (112 g/kg original bagasse DM) and acetic acid (33 g/kg original DM). The relative costs of the alkalis used were obtained for the United States, Australia, and Europe. Lime [Ca(OH)2] was the least expensive alkali per unit of additional digestible OM obtained. Ammonia was the most expensive alkali to use, except in the United States where the difference in its cost relative to other alkalis was smaller. However, ammonia provides organic nitrogen for microbial growth, and could be recycled. With acidogenic fermentations, alkali is able to double as a neutralizing agent during fermentation. Thus, concentrations of alkali equal to that required for neutralization may be used in pretreatment. Concentrations of Ca(OH)2 as high as 300 g/kg bagasse were needed for neutralization and should, therefore, be considered for pretreatment. Steam explosion of bagasse resulted in digestible, sterilized substrates of small particle size with readily separable liquid and pulp streams. | ||
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(DE-627)NLEJ159627796 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Increased digestibility of bagasses by pretreatment with alkalis and steam explosion 1984 1 Ill. 9 Tab. 8 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier Alkali treatment and steam explosion of bagasse were investigated in order to develop economical and effective methods of increasing the digestibility of bagasse. The treated bagasse was to be used as a substrate for the production of volatile fatty acids by anaerobic acidogenic bacteria. The alkalis examined were NaOH, NH3 (aqueous), NaOH + NH3, Ca(OH)2, and Ca(OH)2 + Na2CO3, at ambient temperature and in combination with steam explosion at 200°C, 6.9 MPa, and 5 min cooking times. Digestibilities of up to 733 g organic matter (OM)/kg bagasse dry matter (DM) were obtained for bagasse treated with NaOH and Ca(OH)2 + Na2CO3; less than 430 g OM was obtained for bagasse treated with aqueous NH3; and up to 724 g OM was obtained for bagasse treated with Ca(OH)2. This digestibility was only achieved by using high concentrations of Ca(OH)2, i.e., 180-300 g/kg bagasse. Steam explosion increased the digestibility of bagasse up to 740 g OM in the presence of alkali but only to 610 g OM in the absence of alkali. The digestibility of bagasse without pretreatment was 190 g OM/kg bagasse DM. More than one-half the hemicellulose present was solubilized by pretreatment. The composition of the liquid fraction of steam-exploded material was examined and contained mainly xylose monomers and oligomers (112 g/kg original bagasse DM) and acetic acid (33 g/kg original DM). The relative costs of the alkalis used were obtained for the United States, Australia, and Europe. Lime [Ca(OH)2] was the least expensive alkali per unit of additional digestible OM obtained. Ammonia was the most expensive alkali to use, except in the United States where the difference in its cost relative to other alkalis was smaller. However, ammonia provides organic nitrogen for microbial growth, and could be recycled. With acidogenic fermentations, alkali is able to double as a neutralizing agent during fermentation. Thus, concentrations of alkali equal to that required for neutralization may be used in pretreatment. Concentrations of Ca(OH)2 as high as 300 g/kg bagasse were needed for neutralization and should, therefore, be considered for pretreatment. Steam explosion of bagasse resulted in digestible, sterilized substrates of small particle size with readily separable liquid and pulp streams. Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000 Playne, M. J. oth in Biotechnology and Bioengineering New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley 26(1984) vom: Mai, Seite 426-433 (DE-627)NLEJ159070678 (DE-600)1480809-2 0006-3592 nnns volume:26 year:1984 month:05 pages:426-433 extent:8 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260260505 text/html Deutschlandweit zugänglich GBV_USEFLAG_U ZDB-1-WIS GBV_NL_ARTICLE AR 26 1984 5 426-433 8 |
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(DE-627)NLEJ159627796 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Increased digestibility of bagasses by pretreatment with alkalis and steam explosion 1984 1 Ill. 9 Tab. 8 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier Alkali treatment and steam explosion of bagasse were investigated in order to develop economical and effective methods of increasing the digestibility of bagasse. The treated bagasse was to be used as a substrate for the production of volatile fatty acids by anaerobic acidogenic bacteria. The alkalis examined were NaOH, NH3 (aqueous), NaOH + NH3, Ca(OH)2, and Ca(OH)2 + Na2CO3, at ambient temperature and in combination with steam explosion at 200°C, 6.9 MPa, and 5 min cooking times. Digestibilities of up to 733 g organic matter (OM)/kg bagasse dry matter (DM) were obtained for bagasse treated with NaOH and Ca(OH)2 + Na2CO3; less than 430 g OM was obtained for bagasse treated with aqueous NH3; and up to 724 g OM was obtained for bagasse treated with Ca(OH)2. This digestibility was only achieved by using high concentrations of Ca(OH)2, i.e., 180-300 g/kg bagasse. Steam explosion increased the digestibility of bagasse up to 740 g OM in the presence of alkali but only to 610 g OM in the absence of alkali. The digestibility of bagasse without pretreatment was 190 g OM/kg bagasse DM. More than one-half the hemicellulose present was solubilized by pretreatment. The composition of the liquid fraction of steam-exploded material was examined and contained mainly xylose monomers and oligomers (112 g/kg original bagasse DM) and acetic acid (33 g/kg original DM). The relative costs of the alkalis used were obtained for the United States, Australia, and Europe. Lime [Ca(OH)2] was the least expensive alkali per unit of additional digestible OM obtained. Ammonia was the most expensive alkali to use, except in the United States where the difference in its cost relative to other alkalis was smaller. However, ammonia provides organic nitrogen for microbial growth, and could be recycled. With acidogenic fermentations, alkali is able to double as a neutralizing agent during fermentation. Thus, concentrations of alkali equal to that required for neutralization may be used in pretreatment. Concentrations of Ca(OH)2 as high as 300 g/kg bagasse were needed for neutralization and should, therefore, be considered for pretreatment. Steam explosion of bagasse resulted in digestible, sterilized substrates of small particle size with readily separable liquid and pulp streams. Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000 Playne, M. J. oth in Biotechnology and Bioengineering New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley 26(1984) vom: Mai, Seite 426-433 (DE-627)NLEJ159070678 (DE-600)1480809-2 0006-3592 nnns volume:26 year:1984 month:05 pages:426-433 extent:8 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260260505 text/html Deutschlandweit zugänglich GBV_USEFLAG_U ZDB-1-WIS GBV_NL_ARTICLE AR 26 1984 5 426-433 8 |
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(DE-627)NLEJ159627796 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Increased digestibility of bagasses by pretreatment with alkalis and steam explosion 1984 1 Ill. 9 Tab. 8 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier Alkali treatment and steam explosion of bagasse were investigated in order to develop economical and effective methods of increasing the digestibility of bagasse. The treated bagasse was to be used as a substrate for the production of volatile fatty acids by anaerobic acidogenic bacteria. The alkalis examined were NaOH, NH3 (aqueous), NaOH + NH3, Ca(OH)2, and Ca(OH)2 + Na2CO3, at ambient temperature and in combination with steam explosion at 200°C, 6.9 MPa, and 5 min cooking times. Digestibilities of up to 733 g organic matter (OM)/kg bagasse dry matter (DM) were obtained for bagasse treated with NaOH and Ca(OH)2 + Na2CO3; less than 430 g OM was obtained for bagasse treated with aqueous NH3; and up to 724 g OM was obtained for bagasse treated with Ca(OH)2. This digestibility was only achieved by using high concentrations of Ca(OH)2, i.e., 180-300 g/kg bagasse. Steam explosion increased the digestibility of bagasse up to 740 g OM in the presence of alkali but only to 610 g OM in the absence of alkali. The digestibility of bagasse without pretreatment was 190 g OM/kg bagasse DM. More than one-half the hemicellulose present was solubilized by pretreatment. The composition of the liquid fraction of steam-exploded material was examined and contained mainly xylose monomers and oligomers (112 g/kg original bagasse DM) and acetic acid (33 g/kg original DM). The relative costs of the alkalis used were obtained for the United States, Australia, and Europe. Lime [Ca(OH)2] was the least expensive alkali per unit of additional digestible OM obtained. Ammonia was the most expensive alkali to use, except in the United States where the difference in its cost relative to other alkalis was smaller. However, ammonia provides organic nitrogen for microbial growth, and could be recycled. With acidogenic fermentations, alkali is able to double as a neutralizing agent during fermentation. Thus, concentrations of alkali equal to that required for neutralization may be used in pretreatment. Concentrations of Ca(OH)2 as high as 300 g/kg bagasse were needed for neutralization and should, therefore, be considered for pretreatment. Steam explosion of bagasse resulted in digestible, sterilized substrates of small particle size with readily separable liquid and pulp streams. Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000 Playne, M. J. oth in Biotechnology and Bioengineering New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley 26(1984) vom: Mai, Seite 426-433 (DE-627)NLEJ159070678 (DE-600)1480809-2 0006-3592 nnns volume:26 year:1984 month:05 pages:426-433 extent:8 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260260505 text/html Deutschlandweit zugänglich GBV_USEFLAG_U ZDB-1-WIS GBV_NL_ARTICLE AR 26 1984 5 426-433 8 |
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(DE-627)NLEJ159627796 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Increased digestibility of bagasses by pretreatment with alkalis and steam explosion 1984 1 Ill. 9 Tab. 8 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier Alkali treatment and steam explosion of bagasse were investigated in order to develop economical and effective methods of increasing the digestibility of bagasse. The treated bagasse was to be used as a substrate for the production of volatile fatty acids by anaerobic acidogenic bacteria. The alkalis examined were NaOH, NH3 (aqueous), NaOH + NH3, Ca(OH)2, and Ca(OH)2 + Na2CO3, at ambient temperature and in combination with steam explosion at 200°C, 6.9 MPa, and 5 min cooking times. Digestibilities of up to 733 g organic matter (OM)/kg bagasse dry matter (DM) were obtained for bagasse treated with NaOH and Ca(OH)2 + Na2CO3; less than 430 g OM was obtained for bagasse treated with aqueous NH3; and up to 724 g OM was obtained for bagasse treated with Ca(OH)2. This digestibility was only achieved by using high concentrations of Ca(OH)2, i.e., 180-300 g/kg bagasse. Steam explosion increased the digestibility of bagasse up to 740 g OM in the presence of alkali but only to 610 g OM in the absence of alkali. The digestibility of bagasse without pretreatment was 190 g OM/kg bagasse DM. More than one-half the hemicellulose present was solubilized by pretreatment. The composition of the liquid fraction of steam-exploded material was examined and contained mainly xylose monomers and oligomers (112 g/kg original bagasse DM) and acetic acid (33 g/kg original DM). The relative costs of the alkalis used were obtained for the United States, Australia, and Europe. Lime [Ca(OH)2] was the least expensive alkali per unit of additional digestible OM obtained. Ammonia was the most expensive alkali to use, except in the United States where the difference in its cost relative to other alkalis was smaller. However, ammonia provides organic nitrogen for microbial growth, and could be recycled. With acidogenic fermentations, alkali is able to double as a neutralizing agent during fermentation. Thus, concentrations of alkali equal to that required for neutralization may be used in pretreatment. Concentrations of Ca(OH)2 as high as 300 g/kg bagasse were needed for neutralization and should, therefore, be considered for pretreatment. Steam explosion of bagasse resulted in digestible, sterilized substrates of small particle size with readily separable liquid and pulp streams. Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000 Playne, M. J. oth in Biotechnology and Bioengineering New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley 26(1984) vom: Mai, Seite 426-433 (DE-627)NLEJ159070678 (DE-600)1480809-2 0006-3592 nnns volume:26 year:1984 month:05 pages:426-433 extent:8 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260260505 text/html Deutschlandweit zugänglich GBV_USEFLAG_U ZDB-1-WIS GBV_NL_ARTICLE AR 26 1984 5 426-433 8 |
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(DE-627)NLEJ159627796 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng Increased digestibility of bagasses by pretreatment with alkalis and steam explosion 1984 1 Ill. 9 Tab. 8 nicht spezifiziert zzz rdacontent nicht spezifiziert z rdamedia nicht spezifiziert zu rdacarrier Alkali treatment and steam explosion of bagasse were investigated in order to develop economical and effective methods of increasing the digestibility of bagasse. The treated bagasse was to be used as a substrate for the production of volatile fatty acids by anaerobic acidogenic bacteria. The alkalis examined were NaOH, NH3 (aqueous), NaOH + NH3, Ca(OH)2, and Ca(OH)2 + Na2CO3, at ambient temperature and in combination with steam explosion at 200°C, 6.9 MPa, and 5 min cooking times. Digestibilities of up to 733 g organic matter (OM)/kg bagasse dry matter (DM) were obtained for bagasse treated with NaOH and Ca(OH)2 + Na2CO3; less than 430 g OM was obtained for bagasse treated with aqueous NH3; and up to 724 g OM was obtained for bagasse treated with Ca(OH)2. This digestibility was only achieved by using high concentrations of Ca(OH)2, i.e., 180-300 g/kg bagasse. Steam explosion increased the digestibility of bagasse up to 740 g OM in the presence of alkali but only to 610 g OM in the absence of alkali. The digestibility of bagasse without pretreatment was 190 g OM/kg bagasse DM. More than one-half the hemicellulose present was solubilized by pretreatment. The composition of the liquid fraction of steam-exploded material was examined and contained mainly xylose monomers and oligomers (112 g/kg original bagasse DM) and acetic acid (33 g/kg original DM). The relative costs of the alkalis used were obtained for the United States, Australia, and Europe. Lime [Ca(OH)2] was the least expensive alkali per unit of additional digestible OM obtained. Ammonia was the most expensive alkali to use, except in the United States where the difference in its cost relative to other alkalis was smaller. However, ammonia provides organic nitrogen for microbial growth, and could be recycled. With acidogenic fermentations, alkali is able to double as a neutralizing agent during fermentation. Thus, concentrations of alkali equal to that required for neutralization may be used in pretreatment. Concentrations of Ca(OH)2 as high as 300 g/kg bagasse were needed for neutralization and should, therefore, be considered for pretreatment. Steam explosion of bagasse resulted in digestible, sterilized substrates of small particle size with readily separable liquid and pulp streams. Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000 Playne, M. J. oth in Biotechnology and Bioengineering New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley 26(1984) vom: Mai, Seite 426-433 (DE-627)NLEJ159070678 (DE-600)1480809-2 0006-3592 nnns volume:26 year:1984 month:05 pages:426-433 extent:8 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260260505 text/html Deutschlandweit zugänglich GBV_USEFLAG_U ZDB-1-WIS GBV_NL_ARTICLE AR 26 1984 5 426-433 8 |
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Increased digestibility of bagasses by pretreatment with alkalis and steam explosion |
| abstract |
Alkali treatment and steam explosion of bagasse were investigated in order to develop economical and effective methods of increasing the digestibility of bagasse. The treated bagasse was to be used as a substrate for the production of volatile fatty acids by anaerobic acidogenic bacteria. The alkalis examined were NaOH, NH3 (aqueous), NaOH + NH3, Ca(OH)2, and Ca(OH)2 + Na2CO3, at ambient temperature and in combination with steam explosion at 200°C, 6.9 MPa, and 5 min cooking times. Digestibilities of up to 733 g organic matter (OM)/kg bagasse dry matter (DM) were obtained for bagasse treated with NaOH and Ca(OH)2 + Na2CO3; less than 430 g OM was obtained for bagasse treated with aqueous NH3; and up to 724 g OM was obtained for bagasse treated with Ca(OH)2. This digestibility was only achieved by using high concentrations of Ca(OH)2, i.e., 180-300 g/kg bagasse. Steam explosion increased the digestibility of bagasse up to 740 g OM in the presence of alkali but only to 610 g OM in the absence of alkali. The digestibility of bagasse without pretreatment was 190 g OM/kg bagasse DM. More than one-half the hemicellulose present was solubilized by pretreatment. The composition of the liquid fraction of steam-exploded material was examined and contained mainly xylose monomers and oligomers (112 g/kg original bagasse DM) and acetic acid (33 g/kg original DM). The relative costs of the alkalis used were obtained for the United States, Australia, and Europe. Lime [Ca(OH)2] was the least expensive alkali per unit of additional digestible OM obtained. Ammonia was the most expensive alkali to use, except in the United States where the difference in its cost relative to other alkalis was smaller. However, ammonia provides organic nitrogen for microbial growth, and could be recycled. With acidogenic fermentations, alkali is able to double as a neutralizing agent during fermentation. Thus, concentrations of alkali equal to that required for neutralization may be used in pretreatment. Concentrations of Ca(OH)2 as high as 300 g/kg bagasse were needed for neutralization and should, therefore, be considered for pretreatment. Steam explosion of bagasse resulted in digestible, sterilized substrates of small particle size with readily separable liquid and pulp streams. |
| abstractGer |
Alkali treatment and steam explosion of bagasse were investigated in order to develop economical and effective methods of increasing the digestibility of bagasse. The treated bagasse was to be used as a substrate for the production of volatile fatty acids by anaerobic acidogenic bacteria. The alkalis examined were NaOH, NH3 (aqueous), NaOH + NH3, Ca(OH)2, and Ca(OH)2 + Na2CO3, at ambient temperature and in combination with steam explosion at 200°C, 6.9 MPa, and 5 min cooking times. Digestibilities of up to 733 g organic matter (OM)/kg bagasse dry matter (DM) were obtained for bagasse treated with NaOH and Ca(OH)2 + Na2CO3; less than 430 g OM was obtained for bagasse treated with aqueous NH3; and up to 724 g OM was obtained for bagasse treated with Ca(OH)2. This digestibility was only achieved by using high concentrations of Ca(OH)2, i.e., 180-300 g/kg bagasse. Steam explosion increased the digestibility of bagasse up to 740 g OM in the presence of alkali but only to 610 g OM in the absence of alkali. The digestibility of bagasse without pretreatment was 190 g OM/kg bagasse DM. More than one-half the hemicellulose present was solubilized by pretreatment. The composition of the liquid fraction of steam-exploded material was examined and contained mainly xylose monomers and oligomers (112 g/kg original bagasse DM) and acetic acid (33 g/kg original DM). The relative costs of the alkalis used were obtained for the United States, Australia, and Europe. Lime [Ca(OH)2] was the least expensive alkali per unit of additional digestible OM obtained. Ammonia was the most expensive alkali to use, except in the United States where the difference in its cost relative to other alkalis was smaller. However, ammonia provides organic nitrogen for microbial growth, and could be recycled. With acidogenic fermentations, alkali is able to double as a neutralizing agent during fermentation. Thus, concentrations of alkali equal to that required for neutralization may be used in pretreatment. Concentrations of Ca(OH)2 as high as 300 g/kg bagasse were needed for neutralization and should, therefore, be considered for pretreatment. Steam explosion of bagasse resulted in digestible, sterilized substrates of small particle size with readily separable liquid and pulp streams. |
| abstract_unstemmed |
Alkali treatment and steam explosion of bagasse were investigated in order to develop economical and effective methods of increasing the digestibility of bagasse. The treated bagasse was to be used as a substrate for the production of volatile fatty acids by anaerobic acidogenic bacteria. The alkalis examined were NaOH, NH3 (aqueous), NaOH + NH3, Ca(OH)2, and Ca(OH)2 + Na2CO3, at ambient temperature and in combination with steam explosion at 200°C, 6.9 MPa, and 5 min cooking times. Digestibilities of up to 733 g organic matter (OM)/kg bagasse dry matter (DM) were obtained for bagasse treated with NaOH and Ca(OH)2 + Na2CO3; less than 430 g OM was obtained for bagasse treated with aqueous NH3; and up to 724 g OM was obtained for bagasse treated with Ca(OH)2. This digestibility was only achieved by using high concentrations of Ca(OH)2, i.e., 180-300 g/kg bagasse. Steam explosion increased the digestibility of bagasse up to 740 g OM in the presence of alkali but only to 610 g OM in the absence of alkali. The digestibility of bagasse without pretreatment was 190 g OM/kg bagasse DM. More than one-half the hemicellulose present was solubilized by pretreatment. The composition of the liquid fraction of steam-exploded material was examined and contained mainly xylose monomers and oligomers (112 g/kg original bagasse DM) and acetic acid (33 g/kg original DM). The relative costs of the alkalis used were obtained for the United States, Australia, and Europe. Lime [Ca(OH)2] was the least expensive alkali per unit of additional digestible OM obtained. Ammonia was the most expensive alkali to use, except in the United States where the difference in its cost relative to other alkalis was smaller. However, ammonia provides organic nitrogen for microbial growth, and could be recycled. With acidogenic fermentations, alkali is able to double as a neutralizing agent during fermentation. Thus, concentrations of alkali equal to that required for neutralization may be used in pretreatment. Concentrations of Ca(OH)2 as high as 300 g/kg bagasse were needed for neutralization and should, therefore, be considered for pretreatment. Steam explosion of bagasse resulted in digestible, sterilized substrates of small particle size with readily separable liquid and pulp streams. |
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| title_short |
Increased digestibility of bagasses by pretreatment with alkalis and steam explosion |
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260260505 |
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Playne, M. J. |
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2024-07-05T22:11:09.998Z |
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