Laboratory testing for the antiphospholipid syndrome: making sense of antiphospholipid antibody assays
The antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune condition characterised by a wide range of clinical features (primarily thrombosis and/or obstetric related), associated with the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) as detected by a diverse range of laboratory tests. APS remains a signi...
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Gespeichert in:
| Autor*in: |
Favaloro, Emmanuel J. [verfasserIn] Wong, Richard C.W. [verfasserIn] |
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| Format: |
E-Artikel |
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| Erschienen: |
Walter de Gruyter ; 2011 |
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15 |
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| Reproduktion: |
Walter de Gruyter Online Zeitschriften |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
Enthalten in: Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine - Berlin [u.a.] : De Gruyter, 1998, 49(2011), 3 vom: 31. Jan., Seite 447-461 |
| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:49 ; year:2011 ; number:3 ; day:31 ; month:01 ; pages:447-461 ; extent:15 |
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| DOI / URN: |
10.1515/CCLM.2011.064 |
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NLEJ246733055 |
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| 520 | |a The antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune condition characterised by a wide range of clinical features (primarily thrombosis and/or obstetric related), associated with the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) as detected by a diverse range of laboratory tests. APS remains a significant diagnostic challenge for clinicians across a wide range of specialities, largely due to issues related to laboratory testing as well as the expanding range of reported clinical manifestations of APS. The laboratory issues include limitations in detailed knowledge by both clinical and laboratory personnel regarding the ‘complete’ range of available aPL tests, as well as ongoing problems with assay reproducibility and standardisation. aPL are identified using diverse laboratory procedures based on one of two distinct test processes, namely solid phase and liquid phase assays. The former includes anticardiolipin antibodies (aCL) and anti-β2-glycoprotein I antibodies (aβ2GPI). The latter are centred on clot-based tests that are used to identify the so-called lupus anticoagulant (LA). This article will discuss: (i) issues related to laboratory testing for APS in terms of the currently available solid-phase and liquid-phase assays, and identifiable biases resulting from these tests usually being performed in different laboratories; (ii) current problems with calibration, standardisation and reproducibility of these assays; (iii) pre-analytical, analytical and post-analytical considerations and ongoing initiatives for improvement; (iv) issues related to potential combinations/panels of available aPL tests; and (v) the entities of seropositive APS, seronegative APS and non-APS aPL-positivity. In doing so, this review will hopefully help bridge the two disciplines of haematology and immunology (‘representing’ liquid-phase and solid-phase aPL testing, respectively), by improving the understanding of those working in each of these disciplines of the merits and limitations of the assays performed in the other discipline, and encouraging inter-discipline cooperation in the reporting of aPL test results. | ||
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10.1515/CCLM.2011.064 doi artikel_Grundlieferung.pp (DE-627)NLEJ246733055 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb Favaloro, Emmanuel J. verfasserin aut Laboratory testing for the antiphospholipid syndrome: making sense of antiphospholipid antibody assays Walter de Gruyter 2011 15 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier The antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune condition characterised by a wide range of clinical features (primarily thrombosis and/or obstetric related), associated with the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) as detected by a diverse range of laboratory tests. APS remains a significant diagnostic challenge for clinicians across a wide range of specialities, largely due to issues related to laboratory testing as well as the expanding range of reported clinical manifestations of APS. The laboratory issues include limitations in detailed knowledge by both clinical and laboratory personnel regarding the ‘complete’ range of available aPL tests, as well as ongoing problems with assay reproducibility and standardisation. aPL are identified using diverse laboratory procedures based on one of two distinct test processes, namely solid phase and liquid phase assays. The former includes anticardiolipin antibodies (aCL) and anti-β2-glycoprotein I antibodies (aβ2GPI). The latter are centred on clot-based tests that are used to identify the so-called lupus anticoagulant (LA). This article will discuss: (i) issues related to laboratory testing for APS in terms of the currently available solid-phase and liquid-phase assays, and identifiable biases resulting from these tests usually being performed in different laboratories; (ii) current problems with calibration, standardisation and reproducibility of these assays; (iii) pre-analytical, analytical and post-analytical considerations and ongoing initiatives for improvement; (iv) issues related to potential combinations/panels of available aPL tests; and (v) the entities of seropositive APS, seronegative APS and non-APS aPL-positivity. In doing so, this review will hopefully help bridge the two disciplines of haematology and immunology (‘representing’ liquid-phase and solid-phase aPL testing, respectively), by improving the understanding of those working in each of these disciplines of the merits and limitations of the assays performed in the other discipline, and encouraging inter-discipline cooperation in the reporting of aPL test results. Walter de Gruyter Online Zeitschriften anti-β2-glycoprotein-I antibodies anticardiolipin antibodies antiphospholipid antibodies aPL antiphospholipid syndrome APS diagnosis laboratory testing lupus anticoagulant Wong, Richard C.W. verfasserin aut Enthalten in Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine Berlin [u.a.] : De Gruyter, 1998 49(2011), 3 vom: 31. Jan., Seite 447-461 (DE-627)NLEJ248235222 (DE-600)1492732-9 1437-4331 nnns volume:49 year:2011 number:3 day:31 month:01 pages:447-461 extent:15 https://doi.org/10.1515/CCLM.2011.064 Deutschlandweit zugänglich GBV_USEFLAG_U ZDB-1-DGR GBV_NL_ARTICLE AR 49 2011 3 31 01 447-461 15 |
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10.1515/CCLM.2011.064 doi artikel_Grundlieferung.pp (DE-627)NLEJ246733055 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb Favaloro, Emmanuel J. verfasserin aut Laboratory testing for the antiphospholipid syndrome: making sense of antiphospholipid antibody assays Walter de Gruyter 2011 15 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier The antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune condition characterised by a wide range of clinical features (primarily thrombosis and/or obstetric related), associated with the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) as detected by a diverse range of laboratory tests. APS remains a significant diagnostic challenge for clinicians across a wide range of specialities, largely due to issues related to laboratory testing as well as the expanding range of reported clinical manifestations of APS. The laboratory issues include limitations in detailed knowledge by both clinical and laboratory personnel regarding the ‘complete’ range of available aPL tests, as well as ongoing problems with assay reproducibility and standardisation. aPL are identified using diverse laboratory procedures based on one of two distinct test processes, namely solid phase and liquid phase assays. The former includes anticardiolipin antibodies (aCL) and anti-β2-glycoprotein I antibodies (aβ2GPI). The latter are centred on clot-based tests that are used to identify the so-called lupus anticoagulant (LA). This article will discuss: (i) issues related to laboratory testing for APS in terms of the currently available solid-phase and liquid-phase assays, and identifiable biases resulting from these tests usually being performed in different laboratories; (ii) current problems with calibration, standardisation and reproducibility of these assays; (iii) pre-analytical, analytical and post-analytical considerations and ongoing initiatives for improvement; (iv) issues related to potential combinations/panels of available aPL tests; and (v) the entities of seropositive APS, seronegative APS and non-APS aPL-positivity. In doing so, this review will hopefully help bridge the two disciplines of haematology and immunology (‘representing’ liquid-phase and solid-phase aPL testing, respectively), by improving the understanding of those working in each of these disciplines of the merits and limitations of the assays performed in the other discipline, and encouraging inter-discipline cooperation in the reporting of aPL test results. Walter de Gruyter Online Zeitschriften anti-β2-glycoprotein-I antibodies anticardiolipin antibodies antiphospholipid antibodies aPL antiphospholipid syndrome APS diagnosis laboratory testing lupus anticoagulant Wong, Richard C.W. verfasserin aut Enthalten in Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine Berlin [u.a.] : De Gruyter, 1998 49(2011), 3 vom: 31. Jan., Seite 447-461 (DE-627)NLEJ248235222 (DE-600)1492732-9 1437-4331 nnns volume:49 year:2011 number:3 day:31 month:01 pages:447-461 extent:15 https://doi.org/10.1515/CCLM.2011.064 Deutschlandweit zugänglich GBV_USEFLAG_U ZDB-1-DGR GBV_NL_ARTICLE AR 49 2011 3 31 01 447-461 15 |
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10.1515/CCLM.2011.064 doi artikel_Grundlieferung.pp (DE-627)NLEJ246733055 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb Favaloro, Emmanuel J. verfasserin aut Laboratory testing for the antiphospholipid syndrome: making sense of antiphospholipid antibody assays Walter de Gruyter 2011 15 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier The antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune condition characterised by a wide range of clinical features (primarily thrombosis and/or obstetric related), associated with the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) as detected by a diverse range of laboratory tests. APS remains a significant diagnostic challenge for clinicians across a wide range of specialities, largely due to issues related to laboratory testing as well as the expanding range of reported clinical manifestations of APS. The laboratory issues include limitations in detailed knowledge by both clinical and laboratory personnel regarding the ‘complete’ range of available aPL tests, as well as ongoing problems with assay reproducibility and standardisation. aPL are identified using diverse laboratory procedures based on one of two distinct test processes, namely solid phase and liquid phase assays. The former includes anticardiolipin antibodies (aCL) and anti-β2-glycoprotein I antibodies (aβ2GPI). The latter are centred on clot-based tests that are used to identify the so-called lupus anticoagulant (LA). This article will discuss: (i) issues related to laboratory testing for APS in terms of the currently available solid-phase and liquid-phase assays, and identifiable biases resulting from these tests usually being performed in different laboratories; (ii) current problems with calibration, standardisation and reproducibility of these assays; (iii) pre-analytical, analytical and post-analytical considerations and ongoing initiatives for improvement; (iv) issues related to potential combinations/panels of available aPL tests; and (v) the entities of seropositive APS, seronegative APS and non-APS aPL-positivity. In doing so, this review will hopefully help bridge the two disciplines of haematology and immunology (‘representing’ liquid-phase and solid-phase aPL testing, respectively), by improving the understanding of those working in each of these disciplines of the merits and limitations of the assays performed in the other discipline, and encouraging inter-discipline cooperation in the reporting of aPL test results. Walter de Gruyter Online Zeitschriften anti-β2-glycoprotein-I antibodies anticardiolipin antibodies antiphospholipid antibodies aPL antiphospholipid syndrome APS diagnosis laboratory testing lupus anticoagulant Wong, Richard C.W. verfasserin aut Enthalten in Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine Berlin [u.a.] : De Gruyter, 1998 49(2011), 3 vom: 31. Jan., Seite 447-461 (DE-627)NLEJ248235222 (DE-600)1492732-9 1437-4331 nnns volume:49 year:2011 number:3 day:31 month:01 pages:447-461 extent:15 https://doi.org/10.1515/CCLM.2011.064 Deutschlandweit zugänglich GBV_USEFLAG_U ZDB-1-DGR GBV_NL_ARTICLE AR 49 2011 3 31 01 447-461 15 |
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10.1515/CCLM.2011.064 doi artikel_Grundlieferung.pp (DE-627)NLEJ246733055 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb Favaloro, Emmanuel J. verfasserin aut Laboratory testing for the antiphospholipid syndrome: making sense of antiphospholipid antibody assays Walter de Gruyter 2011 15 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier The antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune condition characterised by a wide range of clinical features (primarily thrombosis and/or obstetric related), associated with the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) as detected by a diverse range of laboratory tests. APS remains a significant diagnostic challenge for clinicians across a wide range of specialities, largely due to issues related to laboratory testing as well as the expanding range of reported clinical manifestations of APS. The laboratory issues include limitations in detailed knowledge by both clinical and laboratory personnel regarding the ‘complete’ range of available aPL tests, as well as ongoing problems with assay reproducibility and standardisation. aPL are identified using diverse laboratory procedures based on one of two distinct test processes, namely solid phase and liquid phase assays. The former includes anticardiolipin antibodies (aCL) and anti-β2-glycoprotein I antibodies (aβ2GPI). The latter are centred on clot-based tests that are used to identify the so-called lupus anticoagulant (LA). This article will discuss: (i) issues related to laboratory testing for APS in terms of the currently available solid-phase and liquid-phase assays, and identifiable biases resulting from these tests usually being performed in different laboratories; (ii) current problems with calibration, standardisation and reproducibility of these assays; (iii) pre-analytical, analytical and post-analytical considerations and ongoing initiatives for improvement; (iv) issues related to potential combinations/panels of available aPL tests; and (v) the entities of seropositive APS, seronegative APS and non-APS aPL-positivity. In doing so, this review will hopefully help bridge the two disciplines of haematology and immunology (‘representing’ liquid-phase and solid-phase aPL testing, respectively), by improving the understanding of those working in each of these disciplines of the merits and limitations of the assays performed in the other discipline, and encouraging inter-discipline cooperation in the reporting of aPL test results. Walter de Gruyter Online Zeitschriften anti-β2-glycoprotein-I antibodies anticardiolipin antibodies antiphospholipid antibodies aPL antiphospholipid syndrome APS diagnosis laboratory testing lupus anticoagulant Wong, Richard C.W. verfasserin aut Enthalten in Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine Berlin [u.a.] : De Gruyter, 1998 49(2011), 3 vom: 31. Jan., Seite 447-461 (DE-627)NLEJ248235222 (DE-600)1492732-9 1437-4331 nnns volume:49 year:2011 number:3 day:31 month:01 pages:447-461 extent:15 https://doi.org/10.1515/CCLM.2011.064 Deutschlandweit zugänglich GBV_USEFLAG_U ZDB-1-DGR GBV_NL_ARTICLE AR 49 2011 3 31 01 447-461 15 |
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10.1515/CCLM.2011.064 doi artikel_Grundlieferung.pp (DE-627)NLEJ246733055 DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb Favaloro, Emmanuel J. verfasserin aut Laboratory testing for the antiphospholipid syndrome: making sense of antiphospholipid antibody assays Walter de Gruyter 2011 15 Text txt rdacontent Computermedien c rdamedia Online-Ressource cr rdacarrier The antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune condition characterised by a wide range of clinical features (primarily thrombosis and/or obstetric related), associated with the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) as detected by a diverse range of laboratory tests. APS remains a significant diagnostic challenge for clinicians across a wide range of specialities, largely due to issues related to laboratory testing as well as the expanding range of reported clinical manifestations of APS. The laboratory issues include limitations in detailed knowledge by both clinical and laboratory personnel regarding the ‘complete’ range of available aPL tests, as well as ongoing problems with assay reproducibility and standardisation. aPL are identified using diverse laboratory procedures based on one of two distinct test processes, namely solid phase and liquid phase assays. The former includes anticardiolipin antibodies (aCL) and anti-β2-glycoprotein I antibodies (aβ2GPI). The latter are centred on clot-based tests that are used to identify the so-called lupus anticoagulant (LA). This article will discuss: (i) issues related to laboratory testing for APS in terms of the currently available solid-phase and liquid-phase assays, and identifiable biases resulting from these tests usually being performed in different laboratories; (ii) current problems with calibration, standardisation and reproducibility of these assays; (iii) pre-analytical, analytical and post-analytical considerations and ongoing initiatives for improvement; (iv) issues related to potential combinations/panels of available aPL tests; and (v) the entities of seropositive APS, seronegative APS and non-APS aPL-positivity. In doing so, this review will hopefully help bridge the two disciplines of haematology and immunology (‘representing’ liquid-phase and solid-phase aPL testing, respectively), by improving the understanding of those working in each of these disciplines of the merits and limitations of the assays performed in the other discipline, and encouraging inter-discipline cooperation in the reporting of aPL test results. Walter de Gruyter Online Zeitschriften anti-β2-glycoprotein-I antibodies anticardiolipin antibodies antiphospholipid antibodies aPL antiphospholipid syndrome APS diagnosis laboratory testing lupus anticoagulant Wong, Richard C.W. verfasserin aut Enthalten in Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine Berlin [u.a.] : De Gruyter, 1998 49(2011), 3 vom: 31. Jan., Seite 447-461 (DE-627)NLEJ248235222 (DE-600)1492732-9 1437-4331 nnns volume:49 year:2011 number:3 day:31 month:01 pages:447-461 extent:15 https://doi.org/10.1515/CCLM.2011.064 Deutschlandweit zugänglich GBV_USEFLAG_U ZDB-1-DGR GBV_NL_ARTICLE AR 49 2011 3 31 01 447-461 15 |
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Laboratory testing for the antiphospholipid syndrome: making sense of antiphospholipid antibody assays anti-β2-glycoprotein-I antibodies anticardiolipin antibodies antiphospholipid antibodies aPL antiphospholipid syndrome APS diagnosis laboratory testing lupus anticoagulant |
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Laboratory testing for the antiphospholipid syndrome: making sense of antiphospholipid antibody assays |
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Laboratory testing for the antiphospholipid syndrome: making sense of antiphospholipid antibody assays |
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Favaloro, Emmanuel J. |
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Clinical chemistry and laboratory medicine |
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Favaloro, Emmanuel J. Wong, Richard C.W. |
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laboratory testing for the antiphospholipid syndrome: making sense of antiphospholipid antibody assays |
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Laboratory testing for the antiphospholipid syndrome: making sense of antiphospholipid antibody assays |
| abstract |
The antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune condition characterised by a wide range of clinical features (primarily thrombosis and/or obstetric related), associated with the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) as detected by a diverse range of laboratory tests. APS remains a significant diagnostic challenge for clinicians across a wide range of specialities, largely due to issues related to laboratory testing as well as the expanding range of reported clinical manifestations of APS. The laboratory issues include limitations in detailed knowledge by both clinical and laboratory personnel regarding the ‘complete’ range of available aPL tests, as well as ongoing problems with assay reproducibility and standardisation. aPL are identified using diverse laboratory procedures based on one of two distinct test processes, namely solid phase and liquid phase assays. The former includes anticardiolipin antibodies (aCL) and anti-β2-glycoprotein I antibodies (aβ2GPI). The latter are centred on clot-based tests that are used to identify the so-called lupus anticoagulant (LA). This article will discuss: (i) issues related to laboratory testing for APS in terms of the currently available solid-phase and liquid-phase assays, and identifiable biases resulting from these tests usually being performed in different laboratories; (ii) current problems with calibration, standardisation and reproducibility of these assays; (iii) pre-analytical, analytical and post-analytical considerations and ongoing initiatives for improvement; (iv) issues related to potential combinations/panels of available aPL tests; and (v) the entities of seropositive APS, seronegative APS and non-APS aPL-positivity. In doing so, this review will hopefully help bridge the two disciplines of haematology and immunology (‘representing’ liquid-phase and solid-phase aPL testing, respectively), by improving the understanding of those working in each of these disciplines of the merits and limitations of the assays performed in the other discipline, and encouraging inter-discipline cooperation in the reporting of aPL test results. |
| abstractGer |
The antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune condition characterised by a wide range of clinical features (primarily thrombosis and/or obstetric related), associated with the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) as detected by a diverse range of laboratory tests. APS remains a significant diagnostic challenge for clinicians across a wide range of specialities, largely due to issues related to laboratory testing as well as the expanding range of reported clinical manifestations of APS. The laboratory issues include limitations in detailed knowledge by both clinical and laboratory personnel regarding the ‘complete’ range of available aPL tests, as well as ongoing problems with assay reproducibility and standardisation. aPL are identified using diverse laboratory procedures based on one of two distinct test processes, namely solid phase and liquid phase assays. The former includes anticardiolipin antibodies (aCL) and anti-β2-glycoprotein I antibodies (aβ2GPI). The latter are centred on clot-based tests that are used to identify the so-called lupus anticoagulant (LA). This article will discuss: (i) issues related to laboratory testing for APS in terms of the currently available solid-phase and liquid-phase assays, and identifiable biases resulting from these tests usually being performed in different laboratories; (ii) current problems with calibration, standardisation and reproducibility of these assays; (iii) pre-analytical, analytical and post-analytical considerations and ongoing initiatives for improvement; (iv) issues related to potential combinations/panels of available aPL tests; and (v) the entities of seropositive APS, seronegative APS and non-APS aPL-positivity. In doing so, this review will hopefully help bridge the two disciplines of haematology and immunology (‘representing’ liquid-phase and solid-phase aPL testing, respectively), by improving the understanding of those working in each of these disciplines of the merits and limitations of the assays performed in the other discipline, and encouraging inter-discipline cooperation in the reporting of aPL test results. |
| abstract_unstemmed |
The antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune condition characterised by a wide range of clinical features (primarily thrombosis and/or obstetric related), associated with the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) as detected by a diverse range of laboratory tests. APS remains a significant diagnostic challenge for clinicians across a wide range of specialities, largely due to issues related to laboratory testing as well as the expanding range of reported clinical manifestations of APS. The laboratory issues include limitations in detailed knowledge by both clinical and laboratory personnel regarding the ‘complete’ range of available aPL tests, as well as ongoing problems with assay reproducibility and standardisation. aPL are identified using diverse laboratory procedures based on one of two distinct test processes, namely solid phase and liquid phase assays. The former includes anticardiolipin antibodies (aCL) and anti-β2-glycoprotein I antibodies (aβ2GPI). The latter are centred on clot-based tests that are used to identify the so-called lupus anticoagulant (LA). This article will discuss: (i) issues related to laboratory testing for APS in terms of the currently available solid-phase and liquid-phase assays, and identifiable biases resulting from these tests usually being performed in different laboratories; (ii) current problems with calibration, standardisation and reproducibility of these assays; (iii) pre-analytical, analytical and post-analytical considerations and ongoing initiatives for improvement; (iv) issues related to potential combinations/panels of available aPL tests; and (v) the entities of seropositive APS, seronegative APS and non-APS aPL-positivity. In doing so, this review will hopefully help bridge the two disciplines of haematology and immunology (‘representing’ liquid-phase and solid-phase aPL testing, respectively), by improving the understanding of those working in each of these disciplines of the merits and limitations of the assays performed in the other discipline, and encouraging inter-discipline cooperation in the reporting of aPL test results. |
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