Modern inhalation anesthetics: Potent greenhouse gases in the global atmosphere
Modern halogenated inhalation anesthetics undergo little metabolization during clinical application and evaporate almost completely to the atmosphere. Based on their first measurements in a range of environments, from urban areas to the pristine Antarctic environment, we detect a rapid accumulation...
Ausführliche Beschreibung
Gespeichert in:
| Autor*in: |
Vollmer, Martin K [verfasserIn] |
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| Format: |
Artikel |
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| Sprache: |
Englisch |
| Erschienen: |
2015 |
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| Rechteinformationen: |
Nutzungsrecht: © 2015. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. |
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| Schlagwörter: |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
Enthalten in: Geophysical research letters - Washington, DC : Union, 1974, 42(2015), 5, Seite 1606-1611 |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:42 ; year:2015 ; number:5 ; pages:1606-1611 |
| Links: |
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| DOI / URN: |
10.1002/2014GL062785 |
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| 520 | |a Modern halogenated inhalation anesthetics undergo little metabolization during clinical application and evaporate almost completely to the atmosphere. Based on their first measurements in a range of environments, from urban areas to the pristine Antarctic environment, we detect a rapid accumulation and ubiquitous presence of isoflurane, desflurane, and sevoflurane in the global atmosphere. Over the past decade, their abundances in the atmosphere have increased to global mean mole fractions in 2014 of 0.097ppt, 0.30ppt, and 0.13ppt (parts per trillion, 10 −12 , in dry air), respectively. Emissions of these long‐lived greenhouse gases inferred from the observations suggest a global combined release to the atmosphere of 3.1 ± 0.6 million t CO 2 equivalent in 2014 of which ≈80% stems from desflurane. We also report on halothane, a previously widely used anesthetic. Its global mean mole fraction has declined to 9.2ppq (parts per quadrillion, 10 −15 ) by 2014. However, the inferred present usage is still 280 ±120t yr −1 . Measurements of potent greenhouse gases Emissions for the fluranes are increasing Halothane declines | ||
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| 650 | 4 | |a atmospheric chemistry | |
| 650 | 4 | |a greenhouse gases | |
| 650 | 4 | |a climate change | |
| 650 | 4 | |a global warming | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Greenhouse gases | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Emissions | |
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| 700 | 1 | |a Rigby, Matt |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Hofstetter, Doris |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Hill, Matthias |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Schoenenberger, Fabian |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Reimann, Stefan |4 oth | |
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10.1002/2014GL062785 doi PQ20160617 (DE-627)OLC1964146623 (DE-599)GBVOLC1964146623 (PRQ)c2494-88d727ab1d49bc9c8275719415445a3295e14c1ec4412c7519a5aa4499a7ddb20 (KEY)0026932820150000042000501606moderninhalationanestheticspotentgreenhousegasesin DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 550 DNB 38.70 bkl Vollmer, Martin K verfasserin aut Modern inhalation anesthetics: Potent greenhouse gases in the global atmosphere 2015 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier Modern halogenated inhalation anesthetics undergo little metabolization during clinical application and evaporate almost completely to the atmosphere. Based on their first measurements in a range of environments, from urban areas to the pristine Antarctic environment, we detect a rapid accumulation and ubiquitous presence of isoflurane, desflurane, and sevoflurane in the global atmosphere. Over the past decade, their abundances in the atmosphere have increased to global mean mole fractions in 2014 of 0.097ppt, 0.30ppt, and 0.13ppt (parts per trillion, 10 −12 , in dry air), respectively. Emissions of these long‐lived greenhouse gases inferred from the observations suggest a global combined release to the atmosphere of 3.1 ± 0.6 million t CO 2 equivalent in 2014 of which ≈80% stems from desflurane. We also report on halothane, a previously widely used anesthetic. Its global mean mole fraction has declined to 9.2ppq (parts per quadrillion, 10 −15 ) by 2014. However, the inferred present usage is still 280 ±120t yr −1 . Measurements of potent greenhouse gases Emissions for the fluranes are increasing Halothane declines Nutzungsrecht: © 2015. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. atmospheric chemistry greenhouse gases climate change global warming Greenhouse gases Emissions Atmospheric chemistry Rhee, Tae Siek oth Rigby, Matt oth Hofstetter, Doris oth Hill, Matthias oth Schoenenberger, Fabian oth Reimann, Stefan oth Enthalten in Geophysical research letters Washington, DC : Union, 1974 42(2015), 5, Seite 1606-1611 (DE-627)129095109 (DE-600)7403-2 (DE-576)01443122X 0094-8276 nnns volume:42 year:2015 number:5 pages:1606-1611 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2014GL062785 Volltext http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/2014GL062785/abstract http://search.proquest.com/docview/1667065329 GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC SSG-OLC-PHY SSG-OLC-GEO SSG-OLC-PHA SSG-OLC-DE-84 SSG-OPC-GGO SSG-OPC-GEO GBV_ILN_47 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_154 GBV_ILN_601 GBV_ILN_2279 38.70 AVZ AR 42 2015 5 1606-1611 |
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10.1002/2014GL062785 doi PQ20160617 (DE-627)OLC1964146623 (DE-599)GBVOLC1964146623 (PRQ)c2494-88d727ab1d49bc9c8275719415445a3295e14c1ec4412c7519a5aa4499a7ddb20 (KEY)0026932820150000042000501606moderninhalationanestheticspotentgreenhousegasesin DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 550 DNB 38.70 bkl Vollmer, Martin K verfasserin aut Modern inhalation anesthetics: Potent greenhouse gases in the global atmosphere 2015 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier Modern halogenated inhalation anesthetics undergo little metabolization during clinical application and evaporate almost completely to the atmosphere. Based on their first measurements in a range of environments, from urban areas to the pristine Antarctic environment, we detect a rapid accumulation and ubiquitous presence of isoflurane, desflurane, and sevoflurane in the global atmosphere. Over the past decade, their abundances in the atmosphere have increased to global mean mole fractions in 2014 of 0.097ppt, 0.30ppt, and 0.13ppt (parts per trillion, 10 −12 , in dry air), respectively. Emissions of these long‐lived greenhouse gases inferred from the observations suggest a global combined release to the atmosphere of 3.1 ± 0.6 million t CO 2 equivalent in 2014 of which ≈80% stems from desflurane. We also report on halothane, a previously widely used anesthetic. Its global mean mole fraction has declined to 9.2ppq (parts per quadrillion, 10 −15 ) by 2014. However, the inferred present usage is still 280 ±120t yr −1 . Measurements of potent greenhouse gases Emissions for the fluranes are increasing Halothane declines Nutzungsrecht: © 2015. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. atmospheric chemistry greenhouse gases climate change global warming Greenhouse gases Emissions Atmospheric chemistry Rhee, Tae Siek oth Rigby, Matt oth Hofstetter, Doris oth Hill, Matthias oth Schoenenberger, Fabian oth Reimann, Stefan oth Enthalten in Geophysical research letters Washington, DC : Union, 1974 42(2015), 5, Seite 1606-1611 (DE-627)129095109 (DE-600)7403-2 (DE-576)01443122X 0094-8276 nnns volume:42 year:2015 number:5 pages:1606-1611 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2014GL062785 Volltext http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/2014GL062785/abstract http://search.proquest.com/docview/1667065329 GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC SSG-OLC-PHY SSG-OLC-GEO SSG-OLC-PHA SSG-OLC-DE-84 SSG-OPC-GGO SSG-OPC-GEO GBV_ILN_47 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_154 GBV_ILN_601 GBV_ILN_2279 38.70 AVZ AR 42 2015 5 1606-1611 |
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10.1002/2014GL062785 doi PQ20160617 (DE-627)OLC1964146623 (DE-599)GBVOLC1964146623 (PRQ)c2494-88d727ab1d49bc9c8275719415445a3295e14c1ec4412c7519a5aa4499a7ddb20 (KEY)0026932820150000042000501606moderninhalationanestheticspotentgreenhousegasesin DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 550 DNB 38.70 bkl Vollmer, Martin K verfasserin aut Modern inhalation anesthetics: Potent greenhouse gases in the global atmosphere 2015 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier Modern halogenated inhalation anesthetics undergo little metabolization during clinical application and evaporate almost completely to the atmosphere. Based on their first measurements in a range of environments, from urban areas to the pristine Antarctic environment, we detect a rapid accumulation and ubiquitous presence of isoflurane, desflurane, and sevoflurane in the global atmosphere. Over the past decade, their abundances in the atmosphere have increased to global mean mole fractions in 2014 of 0.097ppt, 0.30ppt, and 0.13ppt (parts per trillion, 10 −12 , in dry air), respectively. Emissions of these long‐lived greenhouse gases inferred from the observations suggest a global combined release to the atmosphere of 3.1 ± 0.6 million t CO 2 equivalent in 2014 of which ≈80% stems from desflurane. We also report on halothane, a previously widely used anesthetic. Its global mean mole fraction has declined to 9.2ppq (parts per quadrillion, 10 −15 ) by 2014. However, the inferred present usage is still 280 ±120t yr −1 . Measurements of potent greenhouse gases Emissions for the fluranes are increasing Halothane declines Nutzungsrecht: © 2015. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. atmospheric chemistry greenhouse gases climate change global warming Greenhouse gases Emissions Atmospheric chemistry Rhee, Tae Siek oth Rigby, Matt oth Hofstetter, Doris oth Hill, Matthias oth Schoenenberger, Fabian oth Reimann, Stefan oth Enthalten in Geophysical research letters Washington, DC : Union, 1974 42(2015), 5, Seite 1606-1611 (DE-627)129095109 (DE-600)7403-2 (DE-576)01443122X 0094-8276 nnns volume:42 year:2015 number:5 pages:1606-1611 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2014GL062785 Volltext http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/2014GL062785/abstract http://search.proquest.com/docview/1667065329 GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC SSG-OLC-PHY SSG-OLC-GEO SSG-OLC-PHA SSG-OLC-DE-84 SSG-OPC-GGO SSG-OPC-GEO GBV_ILN_47 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_154 GBV_ILN_601 GBV_ILN_2279 38.70 AVZ AR 42 2015 5 1606-1611 |
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10.1002/2014GL062785 doi PQ20160617 (DE-627)OLC1964146623 (DE-599)GBVOLC1964146623 (PRQ)c2494-88d727ab1d49bc9c8275719415445a3295e14c1ec4412c7519a5aa4499a7ddb20 (KEY)0026932820150000042000501606moderninhalationanestheticspotentgreenhousegasesin DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 550 DNB 38.70 bkl Vollmer, Martin K verfasserin aut Modern inhalation anesthetics: Potent greenhouse gases in the global atmosphere 2015 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier Modern halogenated inhalation anesthetics undergo little metabolization during clinical application and evaporate almost completely to the atmosphere. Based on their first measurements in a range of environments, from urban areas to the pristine Antarctic environment, we detect a rapid accumulation and ubiquitous presence of isoflurane, desflurane, and sevoflurane in the global atmosphere. Over the past decade, their abundances in the atmosphere have increased to global mean mole fractions in 2014 of 0.097ppt, 0.30ppt, and 0.13ppt (parts per trillion, 10 −12 , in dry air), respectively. Emissions of these long‐lived greenhouse gases inferred from the observations suggest a global combined release to the atmosphere of 3.1 ± 0.6 million t CO 2 equivalent in 2014 of which ≈80% stems from desflurane. We also report on halothane, a previously widely used anesthetic. Its global mean mole fraction has declined to 9.2ppq (parts per quadrillion, 10 −15 ) by 2014. However, the inferred present usage is still 280 ±120t yr −1 . Measurements of potent greenhouse gases Emissions for the fluranes are increasing Halothane declines Nutzungsrecht: © 2015. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. atmospheric chemistry greenhouse gases climate change global warming Greenhouse gases Emissions Atmospheric chemistry Rhee, Tae Siek oth Rigby, Matt oth Hofstetter, Doris oth Hill, Matthias oth Schoenenberger, Fabian oth Reimann, Stefan oth Enthalten in Geophysical research letters Washington, DC : Union, 1974 42(2015), 5, Seite 1606-1611 (DE-627)129095109 (DE-600)7403-2 (DE-576)01443122X 0094-8276 nnns volume:42 year:2015 number:5 pages:1606-1611 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2014GL062785 Volltext http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/2014GL062785/abstract http://search.proquest.com/docview/1667065329 GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC SSG-OLC-PHY SSG-OLC-GEO SSG-OLC-PHA SSG-OLC-DE-84 SSG-OPC-GGO SSG-OPC-GEO GBV_ILN_47 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_154 GBV_ILN_601 GBV_ILN_2279 38.70 AVZ AR 42 2015 5 1606-1611 |
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10.1002/2014GL062785 doi PQ20160617 (DE-627)OLC1964146623 (DE-599)GBVOLC1964146623 (PRQ)c2494-88d727ab1d49bc9c8275719415445a3295e14c1ec4412c7519a5aa4499a7ddb20 (KEY)0026932820150000042000501606moderninhalationanestheticspotentgreenhousegasesin DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 550 DNB 38.70 bkl Vollmer, Martin K verfasserin aut Modern inhalation anesthetics: Potent greenhouse gases in the global atmosphere 2015 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier Modern halogenated inhalation anesthetics undergo little metabolization during clinical application and evaporate almost completely to the atmosphere. Based on their first measurements in a range of environments, from urban areas to the pristine Antarctic environment, we detect a rapid accumulation and ubiquitous presence of isoflurane, desflurane, and sevoflurane in the global atmosphere. Over the past decade, their abundances in the atmosphere have increased to global mean mole fractions in 2014 of 0.097ppt, 0.30ppt, and 0.13ppt (parts per trillion, 10 −12 , in dry air), respectively. Emissions of these long‐lived greenhouse gases inferred from the observations suggest a global combined release to the atmosphere of 3.1 ± 0.6 million t CO 2 equivalent in 2014 of which ≈80% stems from desflurane. We also report on halothane, a previously widely used anesthetic. Its global mean mole fraction has declined to 9.2ppq (parts per quadrillion, 10 −15 ) by 2014. However, the inferred present usage is still 280 ±120t yr −1 . Measurements of potent greenhouse gases Emissions for the fluranes are increasing Halothane declines Nutzungsrecht: © 2015. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. atmospheric chemistry greenhouse gases climate change global warming Greenhouse gases Emissions Atmospheric chemistry Rhee, Tae Siek oth Rigby, Matt oth Hofstetter, Doris oth Hill, Matthias oth Schoenenberger, Fabian oth Reimann, Stefan oth Enthalten in Geophysical research letters Washington, DC : Union, 1974 42(2015), 5, Seite 1606-1611 (DE-627)129095109 (DE-600)7403-2 (DE-576)01443122X 0094-8276 nnns volume:42 year:2015 number:5 pages:1606-1611 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2014GL062785 Volltext http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/2014GL062785/abstract http://search.proquest.com/docview/1667065329 GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC SSG-OLC-PHY SSG-OLC-GEO SSG-OLC-PHA SSG-OLC-DE-84 SSG-OPC-GGO SSG-OPC-GEO GBV_ILN_47 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_154 GBV_ILN_601 GBV_ILN_2279 38.70 AVZ AR 42 2015 5 1606-1611 |
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modern inhalation anesthetics: potent greenhouse gases in the global atmosphere |
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Modern inhalation anesthetics: Potent greenhouse gases in the global atmosphere |
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Modern halogenated inhalation anesthetics undergo little metabolization during clinical application and evaporate almost completely to the atmosphere. Based on their first measurements in a range of environments, from urban areas to the pristine Antarctic environment, we detect a rapid accumulation and ubiquitous presence of isoflurane, desflurane, and sevoflurane in the global atmosphere. Over the past decade, their abundances in the atmosphere have increased to global mean mole fractions in 2014 of 0.097ppt, 0.30ppt, and 0.13ppt (parts per trillion, 10 −12 , in dry air), respectively. Emissions of these long‐lived greenhouse gases inferred from the observations suggest a global combined release to the atmosphere of 3.1 ± 0.6 million t CO 2 equivalent in 2014 of which ≈80% stems from desflurane. We also report on halothane, a previously widely used anesthetic. Its global mean mole fraction has declined to 9.2ppq (parts per quadrillion, 10 −15 ) by 2014. However, the inferred present usage is still 280 ±120t yr −1 . Measurements of potent greenhouse gases Emissions for the fluranes are increasing Halothane declines |
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Modern halogenated inhalation anesthetics undergo little metabolization during clinical application and evaporate almost completely to the atmosphere. Based on their first measurements in a range of environments, from urban areas to the pristine Antarctic environment, we detect a rapid accumulation and ubiquitous presence of isoflurane, desflurane, and sevoflurane in the global atmosphere. Over the past decade, their abundances in the atmosphere have increased to global mean mole fractions in 2014 of 0.097ppt, 0.30ppt, and 0.13ppt (parts per trillion, 10 −12 , in dry air), respectively. Emissions of these long‐lived greenhouse gases inferred from the observations suggest a global combined release to the atmosphere of 3.1 ± 0.6 million t CO 2 equivalent in 2014 of which ≈80% stems from desflurane. We also report on halothane, a previously widely used anesthetic. Its global mean mole fraction has declined to 9.2ppq (parts per quadrillion, 10 −15 ) by 2014. However, the inferred present usage is still 280 ±120t yr −1 . Measurements of potent greenhouse gases Emissions for the fluranes are increasing Halothane declines |
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Modern halogenated inhalation anesthetics undergo little metabolization during clinical application and evaporate almost completely to the atmosphere. Based on their first measurements in a range of environments, from urban areas to the pristine Antarctic environment, we detect a rapid accumulation and ubiquitous presence of isoflurane, desflurane, and sevoflurane in the global atmosphere. Over the past decade, their abundances in the atmosphere have increased to global mean mole fractions in 2014 of 0.097ppt, 0.30ppt, and 0.13ppt (parts per trillion, 10 −12 , in dry air), respectively. Emissions of these long‐lived greenhouse gases inferred from the observations suggest a global combined release to the atmosphere of 3.1 ± 0.6 million t CO 2 equivalent in 2014 of which ≈80% stems from desflurane. We also report on halothane, a previously widely used anesthetic. Its global mean mole fraction has declined to 9.2ppq (parts per quadrillion, 10 −15 ) by 2014. However, the inferred present usage is still 280 ±120t yr −1 . Measurements of potent greenhouse gases Emissions for the fluranes are increasing Halothane declines |
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Modern inhalation anesthetics: Potent greenhouse gases in the global atmosphere |
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