Immunotoxicity of washing soda in a freshwater sponge of India
The natural habitat of sponge, Eunapius carteri faces an ecotoxicological threat of contamination by washing soda, a common household cleaning agent of India. Washing soda is chemically known as sodium carbonate and is reported to be toxic to aquatic organisms. Domestic effluent, drain water and var...
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| Autor*in: |
Mukherjee, Soumalya [verfasserIn] |
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| Format: |
Artikel |
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| Sprache: |
Englisch |
| Erschienen: |
2015 |
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| Rechteinformationen: |
Nutzungsrecht: Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. |
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| Schlagwörter: |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
Enthalten in: Ecotoxicology and environmental safety - Amsterdam : Elsevier, 1977, 113(2015), Seite 112-123 |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:113 ; year:2015 ; pages:112-123 |
| Links: |
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| DOI / URN: |
10.1016/j.ecoenv.2014.11.035 |
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| 520 | |a The natural habitat of sponge, Eunapius carteri faces an ecotoxicological threat of contamination by washing soda, a common household cleaning agent of India. Washing soda is chemically known as sodium carbonate and is reported to be toxic to aquatic organisms. Domestic effluent, drain water and various human activities in ponds and lakes have been identified as the major routes of washing soda contamination of water. Phagocytosis and generation of cytotoxic molecules are important immunological responses offered by the cells of sponges against environmental toxins and pathogens. Present study involves estimation of phagocytic response and generation of cytotoxic molecules like superoxide anion, nitric oxide and phenoloxidase in E. carteri under the environmentally realistic concentrations of washing soda. Sodium carbonate exposure resulted in a significant decrease in the phagocytic response of sponge cells under 4, 8, 16 mg/l of the toxin for 96h and all experimental concentrations of the toxin for 192h. Washing soda exposure yielded an initial increase in the generation of the superoxide anion and nitric oxide followed by a significant decrease in generation of these cytotoxic agents. Sponge cell generated a high degree of phenoloxidase activity under the experimental exposure of 2, 4, 8, 16 mg/l of sodium carbonate for 96 and 192 h. Washing soda induced alteration of phagocytic and cytotoxic responses of E. carteri was indicative to an undesirable shift in their immune status leading to the possible crises of survival and propagation of sponges in their natural habitat. | ||
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| 650 | 4 | |a Water Pollutants - toxicity | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Monophenol Monooxygenase - metabolism | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Porifera - metabolism | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Carbonates - toxicity | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Superoxides - metabolism | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Nitric Oxide - metabolism | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Phagocytosis - drug effects | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Porifera - immunology | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Porifera - enzymology | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Porifera - drug effects | |
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| 700 | 1 | |a Ray, Sajal |4 oth | |
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10.1016/j.ecoenv.2014.11.035 doi PQ20160617 (DE-627)OLC1964314356 (DE-599)GBVOLC1964314356 (PRQ)c2156-508e98b2d264982a22db2ef71b7708a737d32844bdf64c933878aa0f9d1303ac0 (KEY)0029001720150000113000000112immunotoxicityofwashingsodainafreshwaterspongeofin DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 610 570 DNB 44.13 bkl 44.00 bkl Mukherjee, Soumalya verfasserin aut Immunotoxicity of washing soda in a freshwater sponge of India 2015 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier The natural habitat of sponge, Eunapius carteri faces an ecotoxicological threat of contamination by washing soda, a common household cleaning agent of India. Washing soda is chemically known as sodium carbonate and is reported to be toxic to aquatic organisms. Domestic effluent, drain water and various human activities in ponds and lakes have been identified as the major routes of washing soda contamination of water. Phagocytosis and generation of cytotoxic molecules are important immunological responses offered by the cells of sponges against environmental toxins and pathogens. Present study involves estimation of phagocytic response and generation of cytotoxic molecules like superoxide anion, nitric oxide and phenoloxidase in E. carteri under the environmentally realistic concentrations of washing soda. Sodium carbonate exposure resulted in a significant decrease in the phagocytic response of sponge cells under 4, 8, 16 mg/l of the toxin for 96h and all experimental concentrations of the toxin for 192h. Washing soda exposure yielded an initial increase in the generation of the superoxide anion and nitric oxide followed by a significant decrease in generation of these cytotoxic agents. Sponge cell generated a high degree of phenoloxidase activity under the experimental exposure of 2, 4, 8, 16 mg/l of sodium carbonate for 96 and 192 h. Washing soda induced alteration of phagocytic and cytotoxic responses of E. carteri was indicative to an undesirable shift in their immune status leading to the possible crises of survival and propagation of sponges in their natural habitat. Nutzungsrecht: Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Water Pollutants - toxicity Monophenol Monooxygenase - metabolism Porifera - metabolism Carbonates - toxicity Superoxides - metabolism Nitric Oxide - metabolism Phagocytosis - drug effects Porifera - immunology Porifera - enzymology Porifera - drug effects Ray, Mitali oth Ray, Sajal oth Enthalten in Ecotoxicology and environmental safety Amsterdam : Elsevier, 1977 113(2015), Seite 112-123 (DE-627)130055611 (DE-600)436536-7 (DE-576)015593118 0147-6513 nnns volume:113 year:2015 pages:112-123 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2014.11.035 Volltext http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25497767 GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC SSG-OLC-UMW SSG-OLC-TEC SSG-OLC-PHA SSG-OLC-DE-84 GBV_ILN_21 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_4219 44.13 AVZ 44.00 AVZ AR 113 2015 112-123 |
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10.1016/j.ecoenv.2014.11.035 doi PQ20160617 (DE-627)OLC1964314356 (DE-599)GBVOLC1964314356 (PRQ)c2156-508e98b2d264982a22db2ef71b7708a737d32844bdf64c933878aa0f9d1303ac0 (KEY)0029001720150000113000000112immunotoxicityofwashingsodainafreshwaterspongeofin DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 610 570 DNB 44.13 bkl 44.00 bkl Mukherjee, Soumalya verfasserin aut Immunotoxicity of washing soda in a freshwater sponge of India 2015 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier The natural habitat of sponge, Eunapius carteri faces an ecotoxicological threat of contamination by washing soda, a common household cleaning agent of India. Washing soda is chemically known as sodium carbonate and is reported to be toxic to aquatic organisms. Domestic effluent, drain water and various human activities in ponds and lakes have been identified as the major routes of washing soda contamination of water. Phagocytosis and generation of cytotoxic molecules are important immunological responses offered by the cells of sponges against environmental toxins and pathogens. Present study involves estimation of phagocytic response and generation of cytotoxic molecules like superoxide anion, nitric oxide and phenoloxidase in E. carteri under the environmentally realistic concentrations of washing soda. Sodium carbonate exposure resulted in a significant decrease in the phagocytic response of sponge cells under 4, 8, 16 mg/l of the toxin for 96h and all experimental concentrations of the toxin for 192h. Washing soda exposure yielded an initial increase in the generation of the superoxide anion and nitric oxide followed by a significant decrease in generation of these cytotoxic agents. Sponge cell generated a high degree of phenoloxidase activity under the experimental exposure of 2, 4, 8, 16 mg/l of sodium carbonate for 96 and 192 h. Washing soda induced alteration of phagocytic and cytotoxic responses of E. carteri was indicative to an undesirable shift in their immune status leading to the possible crises of survival and propagation of sponges in their natural habitat. Nutzungsrecht: Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Water Pollutants - toxicity Monophenol Monooxygenase - metabolism Porifera - metabolism Carbonates - toxicity Superoxides - metabolism Nitric Oxide - metabolism Phagocytosis - drug effects Porifera - immunology Porifera - enzymology Porifera - drug effects Ray, Mitali oth Ray, Sajal oth Enthalten in Ecotoxicology and environmental safety Amsterdam : Elsevier, 1977 113(2015), Seite 112-123 (DE-627)130055611 (DE-600)436536-7 (DE-576)015593118 0147-6513 nnns volume:113 year:2015 pages:112-123 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2014.11.035 Volltext http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25497767 GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC SSG-OLC-UMW SSG-OLC-TEC SSG-OLC-PHA SSG-OLC-DE-84 GBV_ILN_21 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_4219 44.13 AVZ 44.00 AVZ AR 113 2015 112-123 |
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10.1016/j.ecoenv.2014.11.035 doi PQ20160617 (DE-627)OLC1964314356 (DE-599)GBVOLC1964314356 (PRQ)c2156-508e98b2d264982a22db2ef71b7708a737d32844bdf64c933878aa0f9d1303ac0 (KEY)0029001720150000113000000112immunotoxicityofwashingsodainafreshwaterspongeofin DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 610 570 DNB 44.13 bkl 44.00 bkl Mukherjee, Soumalya verfasserin aut Immunotoxicity of washing soda in a freshwater sponge of India 2015 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier The natural habitat of sponge, Eunapius carteri faces an ecotoxicological threat of contamination by washing soda, a common household cleaning agent of India. Washing soda is chemically known as sodium carbonate and is reported to be toxic to aquatic organisms. Domestic effluent, drain water and various human activities in ponds and lakes have been identified as the major routes of washing soda contamination of water. Phagocytosis and generation of cytotoxic molecules are important immunological responses offered by the cells of sponges against environmental toxins and pathogens. Present study involves estimation of phagocytic response and generation of cytotoxic molecules like superoxide anion, nitric oxide and phenoloxidase in E. carteri under the environmentally realistic concentrations of washing soda. Sodium carbonate exposure resulted in a significant decrease in the phagocytic response of sponge cells under 4, 8, 16 mg/l of the toxin for 96h and all experimental concentrations of the toxin for 192h. Washing soda exposure yielded an initial increase in the generation of the superoxide anion and nitric oxide followed by a significant decrease in generation of these cytotoxic agents. Sponge cell generated a high degree of phenoloxidase activity under the experimental exposure of 2, 4, 8, 16 mg/l of sodium carbonate for 96 and 192 h. Washing soda induced alteration of phagocytic and cytotoxic responses of E. carteri was indicative to an undesirable shift in their immune status leading to the possible crises of survival and propagation of sponges in their natural habitat. Nutzungsrecht: Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Water Pollutants - toxicity Monophenol Monooxygenase - metabolism Porifera - metabolism Carbonates - toxicity Superoxides - metabolism Nitric Oxide - metabolism Phagocytosis - drug effects Porifera - immunology Porifera - enzymology Porifera - drug effects Ray, Mitali oth Ray, Sajal oth Enthalten in Ecotoxicology and environmental safety Amsterdam : Elsevier, 1977 113(2015), Seite 112-123 (DE-627)130055611 (DE-600)436536-7 (DE-576)015593118 0147-6513 nnns volume:113 year:2015 pages:112-123 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2014.11.035 Volltext http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25497767 GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC SSG-OLC-UMW SSG-OLC-TEC SSG-OLC-PHA SSG-OLC-DE-84 GBV_ILN_21 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_4219 44.13 AVZ 44.00 AVZ AR 113 2015 112-123 |
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10.1016/j.ecoenv.2014.11.035 doi PQ20160617 (DE-627)OLC1964314356 (DE-599)GBVOLC1964314356 (PRQ)c2156-508e98b2d264982a22db2ef71b7708a737d32844bdf64c933878aa0f9d1303ac0 (KEY)0029001720150000113000000112immunotoxicityofwashingsodainafreshwaterspongeofin DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 610 570 DNB 44.13 bkl 44.00 bkl Mukherjee, Soumalya verfasserin aut Immunotoxicity of washing soda in a freshwater sponge of India 2015 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier The natural habitat of sponge, Eunapius carteri faces an ecotoxicological threat of contamination by washing soda, a common household cleaning agent of India. Washing soda is chemically known as sodium carbonate and is reported to be toxic to aquatic organisms. Domestic effluent, drain water and various human activities in ponds and lakes have been identified as the major routes of washing soda contamination of water. Phagocytosis and generation of cytotoxic molecules are important immunological responses offered by the cells of sponges against environmental toxins and pathogens. Present study involves estimation of phagocytic response and generation of cytotoxic molecules like superoxide anion, nitric oxide and phenoloxidase in E. carteri under the environmentally realistic concentrations of washing soda. Sodium carbonate exposure resulted in a significant decrease in the phagocytic response of sponge cells under 4, 8, 16 mg/l of the toxin for 96h and all experimental concentrations of the toxin for 192h. Washing soda exposure yielded an initial increase in the generation of the superoxide anion and nitric oxide followed by a significant decrease in generation of these cytotoxic agents. Sponge cell generated a high degree of phenoloxidase activity under the experimental exposure of 2, 4, 8, 16 mg/l of sodium carbonate for 96 and 192 h. Washing soda induced alteration of phagocytic and cytotoxic responses of E. carteri was indicative to an undesirable shift in their immune status leading to the possible crises of survival and propagation of sponges in their natural habitat. Nutzungsrecht: Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Water Pollutants - toxicity Monophenol Monooxygenase - metabolism Porifera - metabolism Carbonates - toxicity Superoxides - metabolism Nitric Oxide - metabolism Phagocytosis - drug effects Porifera - immunology Porifera - enzymology Porifera - drug effects Ray, Mitali oth Ray, Sajal oth Enthalten in Ecotoxicology and environmental safety Amsterdam : Elsevier, 1977 113(2015), Seite 112-123 (DE-627)130055611 (DE-600)436536-7 (DE-576)015593118 0147-6513 nnns volume:113 year:2015 pages:112-123 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2014.11.035 Volltext http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25497767 GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC SSG-OLC-UMW SSG-OLC-TEC SSG-OLC-PHA SSG-OLC-DE-84 GBV_ILN_21 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_4219 44.13 AVZ 44.00 AVZ AR 113 2015 112-123 |
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10.1016/j.ecoenv.2014.11.035 doi PQ20160617 (DE-627)OLC1964314356 (DE-599)GBVOLC1964314356 (PRQ)c2156-508e98b2d264982a22db2ef71b7708a737d32844bdf64c933878aa0f9d1303ac0 (KEY)0029001720150000113000000112immunotoxicityofwashingsodainafreshwaterspongeofin DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 610 570 DNB 44.13 bkl 44.00 bkl Mukherjee, Soumalya verfasserin aut Immunotoxicity of washing soda in a freshwater sponge of India 2015 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier The natural habitat of sponge, Eunapius carteri faces an ecotoxicological threat of contamination by washing soda, a common household cleaning agent of India. Washing soda is chemically known as sodium carbonate and is reported to be toxic to aquatic organisms. Domestic effluent, drain water and various human activities in ponds and lakes have been identified as the major routes of washing soda contamination of water. Phagocytosis and generation of cytotoxic molecules are important immunological responses offered by the cells of sponges against environmental toxins and pathogens. Present study involves estimation of phagocytic response and generation of cytotoxic molecules like superoxide anion, nitric oxide and phenoloxidase in E. carteri under the environmentally realistic concentrations of washing soda. Sodium carbonate exposure resulted in a significant decrease in the phagocytic response of sponge cells under 4, 8, 16 mg/l of the toxin for 96h and all experimental concentrations of the toxin for 192h. Washing soda exposure yielded an initial increase in the generation of the superoxide anion and nitric oxide followed by a significant decrease in generation of these cytotoxic agents. Sponge cell generated a high degree of phenoloxidase activity under the experimental exposure of 2, 4, 8, 16 mg/l of sodium carbonate for 96 and 192 h. Washing soda induced alteration of phagocytic and cytotoxic responses of E. carteri was indicative to an undesirable shift in their immune status leading to the possible crises of survival and propagation of sponges in their natural habitat. Nutzungsrecht: Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Water Pollutants - toxicity Monophenol Monooxygenase - metabolism Porifera - metabolism Carbonates - toxicity Superoxides - metabolism Nitric Oxide - metabolism Phagocytosis - drug effects Porifera - immunology Porifera - enzymology Porifera - drug effects Ray, Mitali oth Ray, Sajal oth Enthalten in Ecotoxicology and environmental safety Amsterdam : Elsevier, 1977 113(2015), Seite 112-123 (DE-627)130055611 (DE-600)436536-7 (DE-576)015593118 0147-6513 nnns volume:113 year:2015 pages:112-123 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2014.11.035 Volltext http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25497767 GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC SSG-OLC-UMW SSG-OLC-TEC SSG-OLC-PHA SSG-OLC-DE-84 GBV_ILN_21 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_4219 44.13 AVZ 44.00 AVZ AR 113 2015 112-123 |
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Washing soda is chemically known as sodium carbonate and is reported to be toxic to aquatic organisms. Domestic effluent, drain water and various human activities in ponds and lakes have been identified as the major routes of washing soda contamination of water. Phagocytosis and generation of cytotoxic molecules are important immunological responses offered by the cells of sponges against environmental toxins and pathogens. Present study involves estimation of phagocytic response and generation of cytotoxic molecules like superoxide anion, nitric oxide and phenoloxidase in E. carteri under the environmentally realistic concentrations of washing soda. Sodium carbonate exposure resulted in a significant decrease in the phagocytic response of sponge cells under 4, 8, 16 mg/l of the toxin for 96h and all experimental concentrations of the toxin for 192h. 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immunotoxicity of washing soda in a freshwater sponge of india |
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Immunotoxicity of washing soda in a freshwater sponge of India |
| abstract |
The natural habitat of sponge, Eunapius carteri faces an ecotoxicological threat of contamination by washing soda, a common household cleaning agent of India. Washing soda is chemically known as sodium carbonate and is reported to be toxic to aquatic organisms. Domestic effluent, drain water and various human activities in ponds and lakes have been identified as the major routes of washing soda contamination of water. Phagocytosis and generation of cytotoxic molecules are important immunological responses offered by the cells of sponges against environmental toxins and pathogens. Present study involves estimation of phagocytic response and generation of cytotoxic molecules like superoxide anion, nitric oxide and phenoloxidase in E. carteri under the environmentally realistic concentrations of washing soda. Sodium carbonate exposure resulted in a significant decrease in the phagocytic response of sponge cells under 4, 8, 16 mg/l of the toxin for 96h and all experimental concentrations of the toxin for 192h. Washing soda exposure yielded an initial increase in the generation of the superoxide anion and nitric oxide followed by a significant decrease in generation of these cytotoxic agents. Sponge cell generated a high degree of phenoloxidase activity under the experimental exposure of 2, 4, 8, 16 mg/l of sodium carbonate for 96 and 192 h. Washing soda induced alteration of phagocytic and cytotoxic responses of E. carteri was indicative to an undesirable shift in their immune status leading to the possible crises of survival and propagation of sponges in their natural habitat. |
| abstractGer |
The natural habitat of sponge, Eunapius carteri faces an ecotoxicological threat of contamination by washing soda, a common household cleaning agent of India. Washing soda is chemically known as sodium carbonate and is reported to be toxic to aquatic organisms. Domestic effluent, drain water and various human activities in ponds and lakes have been identified as the major routes of washing soda contamination of water. Phagocytosis and generation of cytotoxic molecules are important immunological responses offered by the cells of sponges against environmental toxins and pathogens. Present study involves estimation of phagocytic response and generation of cytotoxic molecules like superoxide anion, nitric oxide and phenoloxidase in E. carteri under the environmentally realistic concentrations of washing soda. Sodium carbonate exposure resulted in a significant decrease in the phagocytic response of sponge cells under 4, 8, 16 mg/l of the toxin for 96h and all experimental concentrations of the toxin for 192h. Washing soda exposure yielded an initial increase in the generation of the superoxide anion and nitric oxide followed by a significant decrease in generation of these cytotoxic agents. Sponge cell generated a high degree of phenoloxidase activity under the experimental exposure of 2, 4, 8, 16 mg/l of sodium carbonate for 96 and 192 h. Washing soda induced alteration of phagocytic and cytotoxic responses of E. carteri was indicative to an undesirable shift in their immune status leading to the possible crises of survival and propagation of sponges in their natural habitat. |
| abstract_unstemmed |
The natural habitat of sponge, Eunapius carteri faces an ecotoxicological threat of contamination by washing soda, a common household cleaning agent of India. Washing soda is chemically known as sodium carbonate and is reported to be toxic to aquatic organisms. Domestic effluent, drain water and various human activities in ponds and lakes have been identified as the major routes of washing soda contamination of water. Phagocytosis and generation of cytotoxic molecules are important immunological responses offered by the cells of sponges against environmental toxins and pathogens. Present study involves estimation of phagocytic response and generation of cytotoxic molecules like superoxide anion, nitric oxide and phenoloxidase in E. carteri under the environmentally realistic concentrations of washing soda. Sodium carbonate exposure resulted in a significant decrease in the phagocytic response of sponge cells under 4, 8, 16 mg/l of the toxin for 96h and all experimental concentrations of the toxin for 192h. Washing soda exposure yielded an initial increase in the generation of the superoxide anion and nitric oxide followed by a significant decrease in generation of these cytotoxic agents. Sponge cell generated a high degree of phenoloxidase activity under the experimental exposure of 2, 4, 8, 16 mg/l of sodium carbonate for 96 and 192 h. Washing soda induced alteration of phagocytic and cytotoxic responses of E. carteri was indicative to an undesirable shift in their immune status leading to the possible crises of survival and propagation of sponges in their natural habitat. |
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Immunotoxicity of washing soda in a freshwater sponge of India |
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