Characteristics of Electromagnetic Radiation of a Railgun at the Final Firing Stage
The navy railgun prototype propels its projectile with Lorentz force and is capable of delivering <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\sim </tex-math></inline-formula>Mach 7 speed for <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\sim 15...
Ausführliche Beschreibung
Gespeichert in:
| Autor*in: |
Chung, Shen Shou Max [verfasserIn] |
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| Format: |
Artikel |
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| Sprache: |
Englisch |
| Erschienen: |
2016 |
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| Schlagwörter: |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
Enthalten in: IEEE transactions on plasma science - New York, NY : IEEE, 1973, 44(2016), 1, Seite 49-59 |
|---|---|
| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:44 ; year:2016 ; number:1 ; pages:49-59 |
| Links: |
|---|
| DOI / URN: |
10.1109/TPS.2015.2502268 |
|---|
| Katalog-ID: |
OLC1966520956 |
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| 520 | |a The navy railgun prototype propels its projectile with Lorentz force and is capable of delivering <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\sim </tex-math></inline-formula>Mach 7 speed for <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\sim 15 </tex-math></inline-formula>-kg projectiles. The source of the Lorentz force is a gigawatt-class pulsed power supply (PPS) that delivers <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\sim 1 </tex-math></inline-formula> MA current with <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\sim 10 </tex-math></inline-formula> kV voltage into the railgun load. The energy efficiency of the railgun is usually less than 40%: a considerable amount of energy is released as heat, and a small amount as electromagnetic energy. The electromagnetic radiation of the railgun, although mostly shielded by its metallic cover before firing, may leak out at the final stage when the projectile leaves the barrel and can be a potential electromagnetic compatibility issue for onboard electronics. We analyze the electromagnetic (EM) radiation coming from the rails and armature of the railgun with commercial software using the multilevel fast multipole method or higher order basis functions in the method of moment and evaluate the effects on electromagnetic radiation by adding one key component at a time in four models. Three field probes are set up 10 m from the muzzle, and four near fields are plotted on top of the muzzle. The near-field intensities and far-field radiation patterns at the final firing stage are presented and the frequency response is simulated. We found that most far-field patterns are directed toward the breech direction due to impedance mismatch between the PPS and railgun, and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">E </tex-math></inline-formula>-field probes show stronger intensity on the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">z </tex-math></inline-formula>-axis. Outer metal casing helps concentrate the electromagnetic energy inside the gun, and dielectric material absorbs the field within. The <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">E </tex-math></inline-formula>-field inside the gun is well below the breakdown threshold of common dielectric insulators. Strong radiation may occur if the railgun voltage spectrum contains a large megahertz component. | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Electromagnetic radiation | |
| 650 | 4 | |a electromagnetic shielding | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Antenna radiation patterns | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Rails | |
| 650 | 4 | |a pulsed power supplies (PPSs) | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Railguns | |
| 650 | 4 | |a electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Electromagnetic compatibility | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Projectiles | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Chuang, Yu-Chou |4 oth | |
| 773 | 0 | 8 | |i Enthalten in |t IEEE transactions on plasma science |d New York, NY : IEEE, 1973 |g 44(2016), 1, Seite 49-59 |w (DE-627)129391379 |w (DE-600)184848-3 |w (DE-576)014776553 |x 0093-3813 |7 nnns |
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| 856 | 4 | 1 | |u http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TPS.2015.2502268 |3 Volltext |
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10.1109/TPS.2015.2502268 doi PQ20160617 (DE-627)OLC1966520956 (DE-599)GBVOLC1966520956 (PRQ)c947-3f03659c8d60de533ee97907636b72dfe5043d8d51ec259fc0ea3c17f2162b4c0 (KEY)0058744320160000044000100049characteristicsofelectromagneticradiationofarailgu DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 530 DNB 33.80 bkl Chung, Shen Shou Max verfasserin aut Characteristics of Electromagnetic Radiation of a Railgun at the Final Firing Stage 2016 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier The navy railgun prototype propels its projectile with Lorentz force and is capable of delivering <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\sim </tex-math></inline-formula>Mach 7 speed for <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\sim 15 </tex-math></inline-formula>-kg projectiles. The source of the Lorentz force is a gigawatt-class pulsed power supply (PPS) that delivers <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\sim 1 </tex-math></inline-formula> MA current with <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\sim 10 </tex-math></inline-formula> kV voltage into the railgun load. The energy efficiency of the railgun is usually less than 40%: a considerable amount of energy is released as heat, and a small amount as electromagnetic energy. The electromagnetic radiation of the railgun, although mostly shielded by its metallic cover before firing, may leak out at the final stage when the projectile leaves the barrel and can be a potential electromagnetic compatibility issue for onboard electronics. We analyze the electromagnetic (EM) radiation coming from the rails and armature of the railgun with commercial software using the multilevel fast multipole method or higher order basis functions in the method of moment and evaluate the effects on electromagnetic radiation by adding one key component at a time in four models. Three field probes are set up 10 m from the muzzle, and four near fields are plotted on top of the muzzle. The near-field intensities and far-field radiation patterns at the final firing stage are presented and the frequency response is simulated. We found that most far-field patterns are directed toward the breech direction due to impedance mismatch between the PPS and railgun, and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">E </tex-math></inline-formula>-field probes show stronger intensity on the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">z </tex-math></inline-formula>-axis. Outer metal casing helps concentrate the electromagnetic energy inside the gun, and dielectric material absorbs the field within. The <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">E </tex-math></inline-formula>-field inside the gun is well below the breakdown threshold of common dielectric insulators. Strong radiation may occur if the railgun voltage spectrum contains a large megahertz component. Electromagnetic radiation electromagnetic shielding Antenna radiation patterns Rails pulsed power supplies (PPSs) Railguns electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) Electromagnetic compatibility Projectiles Chuang, Yu-Chou oth Enthalten in IEEE transactions on plasma science New York, NY : IEEE, 1973 44(2016), 1, Seite 49-59 (DE-627)129391379 (DE-600)184848-3 (DE-576)014776553 0093-3813 nnns volume:44 year:2016 number:1 pages:49-59 http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TPS.2015.2502268 Volltext http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?arnumber=7349209 GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC SSG-OLC-PHY GBV_ILN_70 33.80 AVZ AR 44 2016 1 49-59 |
| spelling |
10.1109/TPS.2015.2502268 doi PQ20160617 (DE-627)OLC1966520956 (DE-599)GBVOLC1966520956 (PRQ)c947-3f03659c8d60de533ee97907636b72dfe5043d8d51ec259fc0ea3c17f2162b4c0 (KEY)0058744320160000044000100049characteristicsofelectromagneticradiationofarailgu DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 530 DNB 33.80 bkl Chung, Shen Shou Max verfasserin aut Characteristics of Electromagnetic Radiation of a Railgun at the Final Firing Stage 2016 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier The navy railgun prototype propels its projectile with Lorentz force and is capable of delivering <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\sim </tex-math></inline-formula>Mach 7 speed for <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\sim 15 </tex-math></inline-formula>-kg projectiles. The source of the Lorentz force is a gigawatt-class pulsed power supply (PPS) that delivers <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\sim 1 </tex-math></inline-formula> MA current with <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\sim 10 </tex-math></inline-formula> kV voltage into the railgun load. The energy efficiency of the railgun is usually less than 40%: a considerable amount of energy is released as heat, and a small amount as electromagnetic energy. The electromagnetic radiation of the railgun, although mostly shielded by its metallic cover before firing, may leak out at the final stage when the projectile leaves the barrel and can be a potential electromagnetic compatibility issue for onboard electronics. We analyze the electromagnetic (EM) radiation coming from the rails and armature of the railgun with commercial software using the multilevel fast multipole method or higher order basis functions in the method of moment and evaluate the effects on electromagnetic radiation by adding one key component at a time in four models. Three field probes are set up 10 m from the muzzle, and four near fields are plotted on top of the muzzle. The near-field intensities and far-field radiation patterns at the final firing stage are presented and the frequency response is simulated. We found that most far-field patterns are directed toward the breech direction due to impedance mismatch between the PPS and railgun, and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">E </tex-math></inline-formula>-field probes show stronger intensity on the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">z </tex-math></inline-formula>-axis. Outer metal casing helps concentrate the electromagnetic energy inside the gun, and dielectric material absorbs the field within. The <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">E </tex-math></inline-formula>-field inside the gun is well below the breakdown threshold of common dielectric insulators. Strong radiation may occur if the railgun voltage spectrum contains a large megahertz component. Electromagnetic radiation electromagnetic shielding Antenna radiation patterns Rails pulsed power supplies (PPSs) Railguns electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) Electromagnetic compatibility Projectiles Chuang, Yu-Chou oth Enthalten in IEEE transactions on plasma science New York, NY : IEEE, 1973 44(2016), 1, Seite 49-59 (DE-627)129391379 (DE-600)184848-3 (DE-576)014776553 0093-3813 nnns volume:44 year:2016 number:1 pages:49-59 http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TPS.2015.2502268 Volltext http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?arnumber=7349209 GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC SSG-OLC-PHY GBV_ILN_70 33.80 AVZ AR 44 2016 1 49-59 |
| allfields_unstemmed |
10.1109/TPS.2015.2502268 doi PQ20160617 (DE-627)OLC1966520956 (DE-599)GBVOLC1966520956 (PRQ)c947-3f03659c8d60de533ee97907636b72dfe5043d8d51ec259fc0ea3c17f2162b4c0 (KEY)0058744320160000044000100049characteristicsofelectromagneticradiationofarailgu DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 530 DNB 33.80 bkl Chung, Shen Shou Max verfasserin aut Characteristics of Electromagnetic Radiation of a Railgun at the Final Firing Stage 2016 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier The navy railgun prototype propels its projectile with Lorentz force and is capable of delivering <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\sim </tex-math></inline-formula>Mach 7 speed for <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\sim 15 </tex-math></inline-formula>-kg projectiles. The source of the Lorentz force is a gigawatt-class pulsed power supply (PPS) that delivers <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\sim 1 </tex-math></inline-formula> MA current with <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\sim 10 </tex-math></inline-formula> kV voltage into the railgun load. The energy efficiency of the railgun is usually less than 40%: a considerable amount of energy is released as heat, and a small amount as electromagnetic energy. The electromagnetic radiation of the railgun, although mostly shielded by its metallic cover before firing, may leak out at the final stage when the projectile leaves the barrel and can be a potential electromagnetic compatibility issue for onboard electronics. We analyze the electromagnetic (EM) radiation coming from the rails and armature of the railgun with commercial software using the multilevel fast multipole method or higher order basis functions in the method of moment and evaluate the effects on electromagnetic radiation by adding one key component at a time in four models. Three field probes are set up 10 m from the muzzle, and four near fields are plotted on top of the muzzle. The near-field intensities and far-field radiation patterns at the final firing stage are presented and the frequency response is simulated. We found that most far-field patterns are directed toward the breech direction due to impedance mismatch between the PPS and railgun, and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">E </tex-math></inline-formula>-field probes show stronger intensity on the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">z </tex-math></inline-formula>-axis. Outer metal casing helps concentrate the electromagnetic energy inside the gun, and dielectric material absorbs the field within. The <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">E </tex-math></inline-formula>-field inside the gun is well below the breakdown threshold of common dielectric insulators. Strong radiation may occur if the railgun voltage spectrum contains a large megahertz component. Electromagnetic radiation electromagnetic shielding Antenna radiation patterns Rails pulsed power supplies (PPSs) Railguns electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) Electromagnetic compatibility Projectiles Chuang, Yu-Chou oth Enthalten in IEEE transactions on plasma science New York, NY : IEEE, 1973 44(2016), 1, Seite 49-59 (DE-627)129391379 (DE-600)184848-3 (DE-576)014776553 0093-3813 nnns volume:44 year:2016 number:1 pages:49-59 http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TPS.2015.2502268 Volltext http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?arnumber=7349209 GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC SSG-OLC-PHY GBV_ILN_70 33.80 AVZ AR 44 2016 1 49-59 |
| allfieldsGer |
10.1109/TPS.2015.2502268 doi PQ20160617 (DE-627)OLC1966520956 (DE-599)GBVOLC1966520956 (PRQ)c947-3f03659c8d60de533ee97907636b72dfe5043d8d51ec259fc0ea3c17f2162b4c0 (KEY)0058744320160000044000100049characteristicsofelectromagneticradiationofarailgu DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 530 DNB 33.80 bkl Chung, Shen Shou Max verfasserin aut Characteristics of Electromagnetic Radiation of a Railgun at the Final Firing Stage 2016 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier The navy railgun prototype propels its projectile with Lorentz force and is capable of delivering <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\sim </tex-math></inline-formula>Mach 7 speed for <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\sim 15 </tex-math></inline-formula>-kg projectiles. The source of the Lorentz force is a gigawatt-class pulsed power supply (PPS) that delivers <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\sim 1 </tex-math></inline-formula> MA current with <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\sim 10 </tex-math></inline-formula> kV voltage into the railgun load. The energy efficiency of the railgun is usually less than 40%: a considerable amount of energy is released as heat, and a small amount as electromagnetic energy. The electromagnetic radiation of the railgun, although mostly shielded by its metallic cover before firing, may leak out at the final stage when the projectile leaves the barrel and can be a potential electromagnetic compatibility issue for onboard electronics. We analyze the electromagnetic (EM) radiation coming from the rails and armature of the railgun with commercial software using the multilevel fast multipole method or higher order basis functions in the method of moment and evaluate the effects on electromagnetic radiation by adding one key component at a time in four models. Three field probes are set up 10 m from the muzzle, and four near fields are plotted on top of the muzzle. The near-field intensities and far-field radiation patterns at the final firing stage are presented and the frequency response is simulated. We found that most far-field patterns are directed toward the breech direction due to impedance mismatch between the PPS and railgun, and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">E </tex-math></inline-formula>-field probes show stronger intensity on the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">z </tex-math></inline-formula>-axis. Outer metal casing helps concentrate the electromagnetic energy inside the gun, and dielectric material absorbs the field within. The <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">E </tex-math></inline-formula>-field inside the gun is well below the breakdown threshold of common dielectric insulators. Strong radiation may occur if the railgun voltage spectrum contains a large megahertz component. Electromagnetic radiation electromagnetic shielding Antenna radiation patterns Rails pulsed power supplies (PPSs) Railguns electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) Electromagnetic compatibility Projectiles Chuang, Yu-Chou oth Enthalten in IEEE transactions on plasma science New York, NY : IEEE, 1973 44(2016), 1, Seite 49-59 (DE-627)129391379 (DE-600)184848-3 (DE-576)014776553 0093-3813 nnns volume:44 year:2016 number:1 pages:49-59 http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TPS.2015.2502268 Volltext http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?arnumber=7349209 GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC SSG-OLC-PHY GBV_ILN_70 33.80 AVZ AR 44 2016 1 49-59 |
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10.1109/TPS.2015.2502268 doi PQ20160617 (DE-627)OLC1966520956 (DE-599)GBVOLC1966520956 (PRQ)c947-3f03659c8d60de533ee97907636b72dfe5043d8d51ec259fc0ea3c17f2162b4c0 (KEY)0058744320160000044000100049characteristicsofelectromagneticradiationofarailgu DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 530 DNB 33.80 bkl Chung, Shen Shou Max verfasserin aut Characteristics of Electromagnetic Radiation of a Railgun at the Final Firing Stage 2016 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier The navy railgun prototype propels its projectile with Lorentz force and is capable of delivering <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\sim </tex-math></inline-formula>Mach 7 speed for <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\sim 15 </tex-math></inline-formula>-kg projectiles. The source of the Lorentz force is a gigawatt-class pulsed power supply (PPS) that delivers <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\sim 1 </tex-math></inline-formula> MA current with <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\sim 10 </tex-math></inline-formula> kV voltage into the railgun load. The energy efficiency of the railgun is usually less than 40%: a considerable amount of energy is released as heat, and a small amount as electromagnetic energy. The electromagnetic radiation of the railgun, although mostly shielded by its metallic cover before firing, may leak out at the final stage when the projectile leaves the barrel and can be a potential electromagnetic compatibility issue for onboard electronics. We analyze the electromagnetic (EM) radiation coming from the rails and armature of the railgun with commercial software using the multilevel fast multipole method or higher order basis functions in the method of moment and evaluate the effects on electromagnetic radiation by adding one key component at a time in four models. Three field probes are set up 10 m from the muzzle, and four near fields are plotted on top of the muzzle. The near-field intensities and far-field radiation patterns at the final firing stage are presented and the frequency response is simulated. We found that most far-field patterns are directed toward the breech direction due to impedance mismatch between the PPS and railgun, and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">E </tex-math></inline-formula>-field probes show stronger intensity on the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">z </tex-math></inline-formula>-axis. Outer metal casing helps concentrate the electromagnetic energy inside the gun, and dielectric material absorbs the field within. The <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">E </tex-math></inline-formula>-field inside the gun is well below the breakdown threshold of common dielectric insulators. Strong radiation may occur if the railgun voltage spectrum contains a large megahertz component. Electromagnetic radiation electromagnetic shielding Antenna radiation patterns Rails pulsed power supplies (PPSs) Railguns electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) Electromagnetic compatibility Projectiles Chuang, Yu-Chou oth Enthalten in IEEE transactions on plasma science New York, NY : IEEE, 1973 44(2016), 1, Seite 49-59 (DE-627)129391379 (DE-600)184848-3 (DE-576)014776553 0093-3813 nnns volume:44 year:2016 number:1 pages:49-59 http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TPS.2015.2502268 Volltext http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?arnumber=7349209 GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC SSG-OLC-PHY GBV_ILN_70 33.80 AVZ AR 44 2016 1 49-59 |
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We analyze the electromagnetic (EM) radiation coming from the rails and armature of the railgun with commercial software using the multilevel fast multipole method or higher order basis functions in the method of moment and evaluate the effects on electromagnetic radiation by adding one key component at a time in four models. Three field probes are set up 10 m from the muzzle, and four near fields are plotted on top of the muzzle. The near-field intensities and far-field radiation patterns at the final firing stage are presented and the frequency response is simulated. We found that most far-field patterns are directed toward the breech direction due to impedance mismatch between the PPS and railgun, and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">E </tex-math></inline-formula>-field probes show stronger intensity on the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">z </tex-math></inline-formula>-axis. 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Chung, Shen Shou Max |
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Chung, Shen Shou Max ddc 530 bkl 33.80 misc Electromagnetic radiation misc electromagnetic shielding misc Antenna radiation patterns misc Rails misc pulsed power supplies (PPSs) misc Railguns misc electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) misc Electromagnetic compatibility misc Projectiles Characteristics of Electromagnetic Radiation of a Railgun at the Final Firing Stage |
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530 DNB 33.80 bkl Characteristics of Electromagnetic Radiation of a Railgun at the Final Firing Stage Electromagnetic radiation electromagnetic shielding Antenna radiation patterns Rails pulsed power supplies (PPSs) Railguns electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) Electromagnetic compatibility Projectiles |
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Characteristics of Electromagnetic Radiation of a Railgun at the Final Firing Stage |
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Characteristics of Electromagnetic Radiation of a Railgun at the Final Firing Stage |
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characteristics of electromagnetic radiation of a railgun at the final firing stage |
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Characteristics of Electromagnetic Radiation of a Railgun at the Final Firing Stage |
| abstract |
The navy railgun prototype propels its projectile with Lorentz force and is capable of delivering <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\sim </tex-math></inline-formula>Mach 7 speed for <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\sim 15 </tex-math></inline-formula>-kg projectiles. The source of the Lorentz force is a gigawatt-class pulsed power supply (PPS) that delivers <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\sim 1 </tex-math></inline-formula> MA current with <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\sim 10 </tex-math></inline-formula> kV voltage into the railgun load. The energy efficiency of the railgun is usually less than 40%: a considerable amount of energy is released as heat, and a small amount as electromagnetic energy. The electromagnetic radiation of the railgun, although mostly shielded by its metallic cover before firing, may leak out at the final stage when the projectile leaves the barrel and can be a potential electromagnetic compatibility issue for onboard electronics. We analyze the electromagnetic (EM) radiation coming from the rails and armature of the railgun with commercial software using the multilevel fast multipole method or higher order basis functions in the method of moment and evaluate the effects on electromagnetic radiation by adding one key component at a time in four models. Three field probes are set up 10 m from the muzzle, and four near fields are plotted on top of the muzzle. The near-field intensities and far-field radiation patterns at the final firing stage are presented and the frequency response is simulated. We found that most far-field patterns are directed toward the breech direction due to impedance mismatch between the PPS and railgun, and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">E </tex-math></inline-formula>-field probes show stronger intensity on the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">z </tex-math></inline-formula>-axis. Outer metal casing helps concentrate the electromagnetic energy inside the gun, and dielectric material absorbs the field within. The <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">E </tex-math></inline-formula>-field inside the gun is well below the breakdown threshold of common dielectric insulators. Strong radiation may occur if the railgun voltage spectrum contains a large megahertz component. |
| abstractGer |
The navy railgun prototype propels its projectile with Lorentz force and is capable of delivering <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\sim </tex-math></inline-formula>Mach 7 speed for <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\sim 15 </tex-math></inline-formula>-kg projectiles. The source of the Lorentz force is a gigawatt-class pulsed power supply (PPS) that delivers <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\sim 1 </tex-math></inline-formula> MA current with <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\sim 10 </tex-math></inline-formula> kV voltage into the railgun load. The energy efficiency of the railgun is usually less than 40%: a considerable amount of energy is released as heat, and a small amount as electromagnetic energy. The electromagnetic radiation of the railgun, although mostly shielded by its metallic cover before firing, may leak out at the final stage when the projectile leaves the barrel and can be a potential electromagnetic compatibility issue for onboard electronics. We analyze the electromagnetic (EM) radiation coming from the rails and armature of the railgun with commercial software using the multilevel fast multipole method or higher order basis functions in the method of moment and evaluate the effects on electromagnetic radiation by adding one key component at a time in four models. Three field probes are set up 10 m from the muzzle, and four near fields are plotted on top of the muzzle. The near-field intensities and far-field radiation patterns at the final firing stage are presented and the frequency response is simulated. We found that most far-field patterns are directed toward the breech direction due to impedance mismatch between the PPS and railgun, and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">E </tex-math></inline-formula>-field probes show stronger intensity on the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">z </tex-math></inline-formula>-axis. Outer metal casing helps concentrate the electromagnetic energy inside the gun, and dielectric material absorbs the field within. The <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">E </tex-math></inline-formula>-field inside the gun is well below the breakdown threshold of common dielectric insulators. Strong radiation may occur if the railgun voltage spectrum contains a large megahertz component. |
| abstract_unstemmed |
The navy railgun prototype propels its projectile with Lorentz force and is capable of delivering <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\sim </tex-math></inline-formula>Mach 7 speed for <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\sim 15 </tex-math></inline-formula>-kg projectiles. The source of the Lorentz force is a gigawatt-class pulsed power supply (PPS) that delivers <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\sim 1 </tex-math></inline-formula> MA current with <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\sim 10 </tex-math></inline-formula> kV voltage into the railgun load. The energy efficiency of the railgun is usually less than 40%: a considerable amount of energy is released as heat, and a small amount as electromagnetic energy. The electromagnetic radiation of the railgun, although mostly shielded by its metallic cover before firing, may leak out at the final stage when the projectile leaves the barrel and can be a potential electromagnetic compatibility issue for onboard electronics. We analyze the electromagnetic (EM) radiation coming from the rails and armature of the railgun with commercial software using the multilevel fast multipole method or higher order basis functions in the method of moment and evaluate the effects on electromagnetic radiation by adding one key component at a time in four models. Three field probes are set up 10 m from the muzzle, and four near fields are plotted on top of the muzzle. The near-field intensities and far-field radiation patterns at the final firing stage are presented and the frequency response is simulated. We found that most far-field patterns are directed toward the breech direction due to impedance mismatch between the PPS and railgun, and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">E </tex-math></inline-formula>-field probes show stronger intensity on the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">z </tex-math></inline-formula>-axis. Outer metal casing helps concentrate the electromagnetic energy inside the gun, and dielectric material absorbs the field within. The <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">E </tex-math></inline-formula>-field inside the gun is well below the breakdown threshold of common dielectric insulators. Strong radiation may occur if the railgun voltage spectrum contains a large megahertz component. |
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Characteristics of Electromagnetic Radiation of a Railgun at the Final Firing Stage |
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We analyze the electromagnetic (EM) radiation coming from the rails and armature of the railgun with commercial software using the multilevel fast multipole method or higher order basis functions in the method of moment and evaluate the effects on electromagnetic radiation by adding one key component at a time in four models. Three field probes are set up 10 m from the muzzle, and four near fields are plotted on top of the muzzle. The near-field intensities and far-field radiation patterns at the final firing stage are presented and the frequency response is simulated. We found that most far-field patterns are directed toward the breech direction due to impedance mismatch between the PPS and railgun, and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">E </tex-math></inline-formula>-field probes show stronger intensity on the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">z </tex-math></inline-formula>-axis. 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