Investigation of SMAP Fusion Algorithms With Airborne Active and Passive L-Band Microwave Remote Sensing

The objective of the NASA Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) mission is to provide global measurements of soil moisture and freeze/thaw states. SMAP integrates L-band radar and radiometer instruments as a single observation system combining the respective strengths of active and passive remote sens...
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Autor*in:	Montzka, Carsten [verfasserIn] Jagdhuber, Thomas Horn, Ralf Bogena, Heye R Hajnsek, Irena Reigber, Andreas Vereecken, Harry

Format:	Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2016

Schlagwörter:	Microwave measurement Microwave radiometry Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) Radar radiometer Active-passive fusion Soil measurements L-band Soil moisture L-band microwave

Übergeordnetes Werk:	Enthalten in: IEEE transactions on geoscience and remote sensing - New York, NY : IEEE, 1964, 54(2016), 7, Seite 3878-3889
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:54 ; year:2016 ; number:7 ; pages:3878-3889

Links:	Volltext Link aufrufen

DOI / URN:	10.1109/TGRS.2016.2529659

Katalog-ID:	OLC1978947879

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520			\|a The objective of the NASA Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) mission is to provide global measurements of soil moisture and freeze/thaw states. SMAP integrates L-band radar and radiometer instruments as a single observation system combining the respective strengths of active and passive remote sensing for enhanced soil moisture mapping. Airborne instruments are a key part of the SMAP validation program. Here, we present an airborne campaign in the Rur catchment, Germany, in which the passive L-band system Polarimetric L-band Multi-beam Radiometer and the active L-band system F-SAR of DLR were flown simultaneously on six dates in 2013. The flights covered the full heterogeneity of the area under investigation, i.e., the main land cover types and all experimental monitoring sites. Here, we used the obtained data sets as a test bed for the analysis of three active-passive fusion techniques: 1) estimation of soil moisture by passive sensor data and subsequent disaggregation by active sensor backscatter data; 2) disaggregation of passive microwave brightness temperature by active microwave backscatter and subsequent inversion to soil moisture; and 3) fusion of two single-source soil moisture products from radar and radiometer. Results indicate that the regression parameters <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\beta</tex-math></inline-formula> are dependent on the radar vegetation index. The best performance was obtained by the fusion of radiometer brightness temperatures and radar backscatter, which was able to reach the same accuracy as single-source coarse-scale radiometer soil moisture retrieval but on a higher spatial resolution.
650		4	\|a Microwave measurement
650		4	\|a Microwave radiometry
650		4	\|a Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP)
650		4	\|a Radar
650		4	\|a radiometer
650		4	\|a Active-passive fusion
650		4	\|a Soil measurements
650		4	\|a L-band
650		4	\|a Soil moisture
650		4	\|a L-band microwave
700	1		\|a Jagdhuber, Thomas \|4 oth
700	1		\|a Horn, Ralf \|4 oth
700	1		\|a Bogena, Heye R \|4 oth
700	1		\|a Hajnsek, Irena \|4 oth
700	1		\|a Reigber, Andreas \|4 oth
700	1		\|a Vereecken, Harry \|4 oth
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allfields	10.1109/TGRS.2016.2529659 doi PQ20160720 (DE-627)OLC1978947879 (DE-599)GBVOLC1978947879 (PRQ)c1312-259c067d38ee63e6e87b6eb6aba54dc0ae089197744fb1e9d3f5381a90ea12110 (KEY)0048677920160000054000703878investigationofsmapfusionalgorithmswithairborneact DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 620 550 DNB Montzka, Carsten verfasserin aut Investigation of SMAP Fusion Algorithms With Airborne Active and Passive L-Band Microwave Remote Sensing 2016 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier The objective of the NASA Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) mission is to provide global measurements of soil moisture and freeze/thaw states. SMAP integrates L-band radar and radiometer instruments as a single observation system combining the respective strengths of active and passive remote sensing for enhanced soil moisture mapping. Airborne instruments are a key part of the SMAP validation program. Here, we present an airborne campaign in the Rur catchment, Germany, in which the passive L-band system Polarimetric L-band Multi-beam Radiometer and the active L-band system F-SAR of DLR were flown simultaneously on six dates in 2013. The flights covered the full heterogeneity of the area under investigation, i.e., the main land cover types and all experimental monitoring sites. Here, we used the obtained data sets as a test bed for the analysis of three active-passive fusion techniques: 1) estimation of soil moisture by passive sensor data and subsequent disaggregation by active sensor backscatter data; 2) disaggregation of passive microwave brightness temperature by active microwave backscatter and subsequent inversion to soil moisture; and 3) fusion of two single-source soil moisture products from radar and radiometer. Results indicate that the regression parameters <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\beta</tex-math></inline-formula> are dependent on the radar vegetation index. The best performance was obtained by the fusion of radiometer brightness temperatures and radar backscatter, which was able to reach the same accuracy as single-source coarse-scale radiometer soil moisture retrieval but on a higher spatial resolution. Microwave measurement Microwave radiometry Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) Radar radiometer Active-passive fusion Soil measurements L-band Soil moisture L-band microwave Jagdhuber, Thomas oth Horn, Ralf oth Bogena, Heye R oth Hajnsek, Irena oth Reigber, Andreas oth Vereecken, Harry oth Enthalten in IEEE transactions on geoscience and remote sensing New York, NY : IEEE, 1964 54(2016), 7, Seite 3878-3889 (DE-627)129601667 (DE-600)241439-9 (DE-576)015095282 0196-2892 nnns volume:54 year:2016 number:7 pages:3878-3889 http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2016.2529659 Volltext http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?arnumber=7426813 GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC SSG-OLC-ARC SSG-OLC-TEC SSG-OLC-GEO SSG-OLC-FOR SSG-OPC-GGO SSG-OPC-GEO GBV_ILN_70 AR 54 2016 7 3878-3889
spelling	10.1109/TGRS.2016.2529659 doi PQ20160720 (DE-627)OLC1978947879 (DE-599)GBVOLC1978947879 (PRQ)c1312-259c067d38ee63e6e87b6eb6aba54dc0ae089197744fb1e9d3f5381a90ea12110 (KEY)0048677920160000054000703878investigationofsmapfusionalgorithmswithairborneact DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 620 550 DNB Montzka, Carsten verfasserin aut Investigation of SMAP Fusion Algorithms With Airborne Active and Passive L-Band Microwave Remote Sensing 2016 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier The objective of the NASA Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) mission is to provide global measurements of soil moisture and freeze/thaw states. SMAP integrates L-band radar and radiometer instruments as a single observation system combining the respective strengths of active and passive remote sensing for enhanced soil moisture mapping. Airborne instruments are a key part of the SMAP validation program. Here, we present an airborne campaign in the Rur catchment, Germany, in which the passive L-band system Polarimetric L-band Multi-beam Radiometer and the active L-band system F-SAR of DLR were flown simultaneously on six dates in 2013. The flights covered the full heterogeneity of the area under investigation, i.e., the main land cover types and all experimental monitoring sites. Here, we used the obtained data sets as a test bed for the analysis of three active-passive fusion techniques: 1) estimation of soil moisture by passive sensor data and subsequent disaggregation by active sensor backscatter data; 2) disaggregation of passive microwave brightness temperature by active microwave backscatter and subsequent inversion to soil moisture; and 3) fusion of two single-source soil moisture products from radar and radiometer. Results indicate that the regression parameters <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\beta</tex-math></inline-formula> are dependent on the radar vegetation index. The best performance was obtained by the fusion of radiometer brightness temperatures and radar backscatter, which was able to reach the same accuracy as single-source coarse-scale radiometer soil moisture retrieval but on a higher spatial resolution. Microwave measurement Microwave radiometry Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) Radar radiometer Active-passive fusion Soil measurements L-band Soil moisture L-band microwave Jagdhuber, Thomas oth Horn, Ralf oth Bogena, Heye R oth Hajnsek, Irena oth Reigber, Andreas oth Vereecken, Harry oth Enthalten in IEEE transactions on geoscience and remote sensing New York, NY : IEEE, 1964 54(2016), 7, Seite 3878-3889 (DE-627)129601667 (DE-600)241439-9 (DE-576)015095282 0196-2892 nnns volume:54 year:2016 number:7 pages:3878-3889 http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2016.2529659 Volltext http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?arnumber=7426813 GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC SSG-OLC-ARC SSG-OLC-TEC SSG-OLC-GEO SSG-OLC-FOR SSG-OPC-GGO SSG-OPC-GEO GBV_ILN_70 AR 54 2016 7 3878-3889
allfields_unstemmed	10.1109/TGRS.2016.2529659 doi PQ20160720 (DE-627)OLC1978947879 (DE-599)GBVOLC1978947879 (PRQ)c1312-259c067d38ee63e6e87b6eb6aba54dc0ae089197744fb1e9d3f5381a90ea12110 (KEY)0048677920160000054000703878investigationofsmapfusionalgorithmswithairborneact DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 620 550 DNB Montzka, Carsten verfasserin aut Investigation of SMAP Fusion Algorithms With Airborne Active and Passive L-Band Microwave Remote Sensing 2016 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier The objective of the NASA Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) mission is to provide global measurements of soil moisture and freeze/thaw states. SMAP integrates L-band radar and radiometer instruments as a single observation system combining the respective strengths of active and passive remote sensing for enhanced soil moisture mapping. Airborne instruments are a key part of the SMAP validation program. Here, we present an airborne campaign in the Rur catchment, Germany, in which the passive L-band system Polarimetric L-band Multi-beam Radiometer and the active L-band system F-SAR of DLR were flown simultaneously on six dates in 2013. The flights covered the full heterogeneity of the area under investigation, i.e., the main land cover types and all experimental monitoring sites. Here, we used the obtained data sets as a test bed for the analysis of three active-passive fusion techniques: 1) estimation of soil moisture by passive sensor data and subsequent disaggregation by active sensor backscatter data; 2) disaggregation of passive microwave brightness temperature by active microwave backscatter and subsequent inversion to soil moisture; and 3) fusion of two single-source soil moisture products from radar and radiometer. Results indicate that the regression parameters <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\beta</tex-math></inline-formula> are dependent on the radar vegetation index. The best performance was obtained by the fusion of radiometer brightness temperatures and radar backscatter, which was able to reach the same accuracy as single-source coarse-scale radiometer soil moisture retrieval but on a higher spatial resolution. Microwave measurement Microwave radiometry Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) Radar radiometer Active-passive fusion Soil measurements L-band Soil moisture L-band microwave Jagdhuber, Thomas oth Horn, Ralf oth Bogena, Heye R oth Hajnsek, Irena oth Reigber, Andreas oth Vereecken, Harry oth Enthalten in IEEE transactions on geoscience and remote sensing New York, NY : IEEE, 1964 54(2016), 7, Seite 3878-3889 (DE-627)129601667 (DE-600)241439-9 (DE-576)015095282 0196-2892 nnns volume:54 year:2016 number:7 pages:3878-3889 http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2016.2529659 Volltext http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?arnumber=7426813 GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC SSG-OLC-ARC SSG-OLC-TEC SSG-OLC-GEO SSG-OLC-FOR SSG-OPC-GGO SSG-OPC-GEO GBV_ILN_70 AR 54 2016 7 3878-3889
allfieldsGer	10.1109/TGRS.2016.2529659 doi PQ20160720 (DE-627)OLC1978947879 (DE-599)GBVOLC1978947879 (PRQ)c1312-259c067d38ee63e6e87b6eb6aba54dc0ae089197744fb1e9d3f5381a90ea12110 (KEY)0048677920160000054000703878investigationofsmapfusionalgorithmswithairborneact DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 620 550 DNB Montzka, Carsten verfasserin aut Investigation of SMAP Fusion Algorithms With Airborne Active and Passive L-Band Microwave Remote Sensing 2016 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier The objective of the NASA Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) mission is to provide global measurements of soil moisture and freeze/thaw states. SMAP integrates L-band radar and radiometer instruments as a single observation system combining the respective strengths of active and passive remote sensing for enhanced soil moisture mapping. Airborne instruments are a key part of the SMAP validation program. Here, we present an airborne campaign in the Rur catchment, Germany, in which the passive L-band system Polarimetric L-band Multi-beam Radiometer and the active L-band system F-SAR of DLR were flown simultaneously on six dates in 2013. The flights covered the full heterogeneity of the area under investigation, i.e., the main land cover types and all experimental monitoring sites. Here, we used the obtained data sets as a test bed for the analysis of three active-passive fusion techniques: 1) estimation of soil moisture by passive sensor data and subsequent disaggregation by active sensor backscatter data; 2) disaggregation of passive microwave brightness temperature by active microwave backscatter and subsequent inversion to soil moisture; and 3) fusion of two single-source soil moisture products from radar and radiometer. Results indicate that the regression parameters <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\beta</tex-math></inline-formula> are dependent on the radar vegetation index. The best performance was obtained by the fusion of radiometer brightness temperatures and radar backscatter, which was able to reach the same accuracy as single-source coarse-scale radiometer soil moisture retrieval but on a higher spatial resolution. Microwave measurement Microwave radiometry Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) Radar radiometer Active-passive fusion Soil measurements L-band Soil moisture L-band microwave Jagdhuber, Thomas oth Horn, Ralf oth Bogena, Heye R oth Hajnsek, Irena oth Reigber, Andreas oth Vereecken, Harry oth Enthalten in IEEE transactions on geoscience and remote sensing New York, NY : IEEE, 1964 54(2016), 7, Seite 3878-3889 (DE-627)129601667 (DE-600)241439-9 (DE-576)015095282 0196-2892 nnns volume:54 year:2016 number:7 pages:3878-3889 http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2016.2529659 Volltext http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?arnumber=7426813 GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC SSG-OLC-ARC SSG-OLC-TEC SSG-OLC-GEO SSG-OLC-FOR SSG-OPC-GGO SSG-OPC-GEO GBV_ILN_70 AR 54 2016 7 3878-3889
allfieldsSound	10.1109/TGRS.2016.2529659 doi PQ20160720 (DE-627)OLC1978947879 (DE-599)GBVOLC1978947879 (PRQ)c1312-259c067d38ee63e6e87b6eb6aba54dc0ae089197744fb1e9d3f5381a90ea12110 (KEY)0048677920160000054000703878investigationofsmapfusionalgorithmswithairborneact DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 620 550 DNB Montzka, Carsten verfasserin aut Investigation of SMAP Fusion Algorithms With Airborne Active and Passive L-Band Microwave Remote Sensing 2016 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier The objective of the NASA Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) mission is to provide global measurements of soil moisture and freeze/thaw states. SMAP integrates L-band radar and radiometer instruments as a single observation system combining the respective strengths of active and passive remote sensing for enhanced soil moisture mapping. Airborne instruments are a key part of the SMAP validation program. Here, we present an airborne campaign in the Rur catchment, Germany, in which the passive L-band system Polarimetric L-band Multi-beam Radiometer and the active L-band system F-SAR of DLR were flown simultaneously on six dates in 2013. The flights covered the full heterogeneity of the area under investigation, i.e., the main land cover types and all experimental monitoring sites. Here, we used the obtained data sets as a test bed for the analysis of three active-passive fusion techniques: 1) estimation of soil moisture by passive sensor data and subsequent disaggregation by active sensor backscatter data; 2) disaggregation of passive microwave brightness temperature by active microwave backscatter and subsequent inversion to soil moisture; and 3) fusion of two single-source soil moisture products from radar and radiometer. Results indicate that the regression parameters <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\beta</tex-math></inline-formula> are dependent on the radar vegetation index. The best performance was obtained by the fusion of radiometer brightness temperatures and radar backscatter, which was able to reach the same accuracy as single-source coarse-scale radiometer soil moisture retrieval but on a higher spatial resolution. Microwave measurement Microwave radiometry Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) Radar radiometer Active-passive fusion Soil measurements L-band Soil moisture L-band microwave Jagdhuber, Thomas oth Horn, Ralf oth Bogena, Heye R oth Hajnsek, Irena oth Reigber, Andreas oth Vereecken, Harry oth Enthalten in IEEE transactions on geoscience and remote sensing New York, NY : IEEE, 1964 54(2016), 7, Seite 3878-3889 (DE-627)129601667 (DE-600)241439-9 (DE-576)015095282 0196-2892 nnns volume:54 year:2016 number:7 pages:3878-3889 http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2016.2529659 Volltext http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?arnumber=7426813 GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC SSG-OLC-ARC SSG-OLC-TEC SSG-OLC-GEO SSG-OLC-FOR SSG-OPC-GGO SSG-OPC-GEO GBV_ILN_70 AR 54 2016 7 3878-3889
language	English
source	Enthalten in IEEE transactions on geoscience and remote sensing 54(2016), 7, Seite 3878-3889 volume:54 year:2016 number:7 pages:3878-3889
sourceStr	Enthalten in IEEE transactions on geoscience and remote sensing 54(2016), 7, Seite 3878-3889 volume:54 year:2016 number:7 pages:3878-3889
format_phy_str_mv	Article
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topic_facet	Microwave measurement Microwave radiometry Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) Radar radiometer Active-passive fusion Soil measurements L-band Soil moisture L-band microwave
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container_title	IEEE transactions on geoscience and remote sensing
authorswithroles_txt_mv	Montzka, Carsten @@aut@@ Jagdhuber, Thomas @@oth@@ Horn, Ralf @@oth@@ Bogena, Heye R @@oth@@ Hajnsek, Irena @@oth@@ Reigber, Andreas @@oth@@ Vereecken, Harry @@oth@@
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author	Montzka, Carsten
spellingShingle	Montzka, Carsten ddc 620 misc Microwave measurement misc Microwave radiometry misc Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) misc Radar misc radiometer misc Active-passive fusion misc Soil measurements misc L-band misc Soil moisture misc L-band microwave Investigation of SMAP Fusion Algorithms With Airborne Active and Passive L-Band Microwave Remote Sensing
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topic_title	620 550 DNB Investigation of SMAP Fusion Algorithms With Airborne Active and Passive L-Band Microwave Remote Sensing Microwave measurement Microwave radiometry Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) Radar radiometer Active-passive fusion Soil measurements L-band Soil moisture L-band microwave
topic	ddc 620 misc Microwave measurement misc Microwave radiometry misc Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) misc Radar misc radiometer misc Active-passive fusion misc Soil measurements misc L-band misc Soil moisture misc L-band microwave
topic_unstemmed	ddc 620 misc Microwave measurement misc Microwave radiometry misc Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) misc Radar misc radiometer misc Active-passive fusion misc Soil measurements misc L-band misc Soil moisture misc L-band microwave
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title	Investigation of SMAP Fusion Algorithms With Airborne Active and Passive L-Band Microwave Remote Sensing
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title_full	Investigation of SMAP Fusion Algorithms With Airborne Active and Passive L-Band Microwave Remote Sensing
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title_sort	investigation of smap fusion algorithms with airborne active and passive l-band microwave remote sensing
title_auth	Investigation of SMAP Fusion Algorithms With Airborne Active and Passive L-Band Microwave Remote Sensing
abstract	The objective of the NASA Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) mission is to provide global measurements of soil moisture and freeze/thaw states. SMAP integrates L-band radar and radiometer instruments as a single observation system combining the respective strengths of active and passive remote sensing for enhanced soil moisture mapping. Airborne instruments are a key part of the SMAP validation program. Here, we present an airborne campaign in the Rur catchment, Germany, in which the passive L-band system Polarimetric L-band Multi-beam Radiometer and the active L-band system F-SAR of DLR were flown simultaneously on six dates in 2013. The flights covered the full heterogeneity of the area under investigation, i.e., the main land cover types and all experimental monitoring sites. Here, we used the obtained data sets as a test bed for the analysis of three active-passive fusion techniques: 1) estimation of soil moisture by passive sensor data and subsequent disaggregation by active sensor backscatter data; 2) disaggregation of passive microwave brightness temperature by active microwave backscatter and subsequent inversion to soil moisture; and 3) fusion of two single-source soil moisture products from radar and radiometer. Results indicate that the regression parameters <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\beta</tex-math></inline-formula> are dependent on the radar vegetation index. The best performance was obtained by the fusion of radiometer brightness temperatures and radar backscatter, which was able to reach the same accuracy as single-source coarse-scale radiometer soil moisture retrieval but on a higher spatial resolution.
abstractGer	The objective of the NASA Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) mission is to provide global measurements of soil moisture and freeze/thaw states. SMAP integrates L-band radar and radiometer instruments as a single observation system combining the respective strengths of active and passive remote sensing for enhanced soil moisture mapping. Airborne instruments are a key part of the SMAP validation program. Here, we present an airborne campaign in the Rur catchment, Germany, in which the passive L-band system Polarimetric L-band Multi-beam Radiometer and the active L-band system F-SAR of DLR were flown simultaneously on six dates in 2013. The flights covered the full heterogeneity of the area under investigation, i.e., the main land cover types and all experimental monitoring sites. Here, we used the obtained data sets as a test bed for the analysis of three active-passive fusion techniques: 1) estimation of soil moisture by passive sensor data and subsequent disaggregation by active sensor backscatter data; 2) disaggregation of passive microwave brightness temperature by active microwave backscatter and subsequent inversion to soil moisture; and 3) fusion of two single-source soil moisture products from radar and radiometer. Results indicate that the regression parameters <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\beta</tex-math></inline-formula> are dependent on the radar vegetation index. The best performance was obtained by the fusion of radiometer brightness temperatures and radar backscatter, which was able to reach the same accuracy as single-source coarse-scale radiometer soil moisture retrieval but on a higher spatial resolution.
abstract_unstemmed	The objective of the NASA Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) mission is to provide global measurements of soil moisture and freeze/thaw states. SMAP integrates L-band radar and radiometer instruments as a single observation system combining the respective strengths of active and passive remote sensing for enhanced soil moisture mapping. Airborne instruments are a key part of the SMAP validation program. Here, we present an airborne campaign in the Rur catchment, Germany, in which the passive L-band system Polarimetric L-band Multi-beam Radiometer and the active L-band system F-SAR of DLR were flown simultaneously on six dates in 2013. The flights covered the full heterogeneity of the area under investigation, i.e., the main land cover types and all experimental monitoring sites. Here, we used the obtained data sets as a test bed for the analysis of three active-passive fusion techniques: 1) estimation of soil moisture by passive sensor data and subsequent disaggregation by active sensor backscatter data; 2) disaggregation of passive microwave brightness temperature by active microwave backscatter and subsequent inversion to soil moisture; and 3) fusion of two single-source soil moisture products from radar and radiometer. Results indicate that the regression parameters <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\beta</tex-math></inline-formula> are dependent on the radar vegetation index. The best performance was obtained by the fusion of radiometer brightness temperatures and radar backscatter, which was able to reach the same accuracy as single-source coarse-scale radiometer soil moisture retrieval but on a higher spatial resolution.
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container_issue	7
title_short	Investigation of SMAP Fusion Algorithms With Airborne Active and Passive L-Band Microwave Remote Sensing
url	http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2016.2529659 http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?arnumber=7426813
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author2	Jagdhuber, Thomas Horn, Ralf Bogena, Heye R Hajnsek, Irena Reigber, Andreas Vereecken, Harry
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