Empirical investigation on safety constraints of merging pedestrian crowd through macroscopic and microscopic analysis

A recent crowd stampede during a New Year's Eve celebration in Shanghai, China resulted in 36 fatalities and over 49 serious injuries. Many of such tragic crowd accidents around the world resulted from complex multi-direction crowd movement such as merging behavior. Although there are a few stu...
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Autor*in:	Shi, Xiaomeng [verfasserIn] Ye, Zhirui Shiwakoti, Nirajan Tang, Dounan Wang, Chao Wang, Wei

Format:	Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2016

Rechteinformationen:	Nutzungsrecht: Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Übergeordnetes Werk:	Enthalten in: Accident analysis & prevention - Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier, 1969, 95(2016), Pt B, Seite 405-416
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:95 ; year:2016 ; number:Pt B ; pages:405-416

Links:	Volltext Link aufrufen

DOI / URN:	10.1016/j.aap.2015.10.009

Katalog-ID:	OLC1981588256

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520			\|a A recent crowd stampede during a New Year's Eve celebration in Shanghai, China resulted in 36 fatalities and over 49 serious injuries. Many of such tragic crowd accidents around the world resulted from complex multi-direction crowd movement such as merging behavior. Although there are a few studies on merging crowd behavior, none of them have conducted a systematic analysis considering the impact of both merging angle and flow direction towards the safety of pedestrian crowd movement. In this study, a series of controlled laboratory experiments were conducted to examine the safety constraints of merging pedestrian crowd movements considering merging angle (60°, 90° and 180°) and flow direction under slow running and blocked vision condition. Then, macroscopic and microscopic properties of crowd dynamics are obtained and visualized through the analysis of pedestrian crowd trajectory data derived from video footage. It was found that merging angle had a significant influence on the fluctuations of pedestrian flows, which is important in a critical situation such as emergency evacuation. As the merging angle increased, mean velocity and mean flow at the measuring region in the exit corridors decreased, while mean density increased. A similar trend was observed for the number of weaving and overtaking conflicts, which resulted in the increase of mean headway. Further, flow direction had a significant impact on the outflow of the individuals while blocked vision had an influence on pedestrian crowd interactions and merging process. Finally, this paper discusses safety assessments on crowd merging behaviors along with some recommendations for future research. Findings from this study can assist in the development and validation of pedestrian crowd simulation models as well as organization and control of crowd events.
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700	1		\|a Ye, Zhirui \|4 oth
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allfields	10.1016/j.aap.2015.10.009 doi PQ20161012 (DE-627)OLC1981588256 (DE-599)GBVOLC1981588256 (PRQ)c897-a171639c73136cac4e9251fbffa1663b1f301a46ec05cda2ac65b4a1e12c931c0 (KEY)0037621320160000095000000405empiricalinvestigationonsafetyconstraintsofmerging DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 650 DNB 55.84 bkl 55.24 bkl 44.80 bkl Shi, Xiaomeng verfasserin aut Empirical investigation on safety constraints of merging pedestrian crowd through macroscopic and microscopic analysis 2016 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier A recent crowd stampede during a New Year's Eve celebration in Shanghai, China resulted in 36 fatalities and over 49 serious injuries. Many of such tragic crowd accidents around the world resulted from complex multi-direction crowd movement such as merging behavior. Although there are a few studies on merging crowd behavior, none of them have conducted a systematic analysis considering the impact of both merging angle and flow direction towards the safety of pedestrian crowd movement. In this study, a series of controlled laboratory experiments were conducted to examine the safety constraints of merging pedestrian crowd movements considering merging angle (60°, 90° and 180°) and flow direction under slow running and blocked vision condition. Then, macroscopic and microscopic properties of crowd dynamics are obtained and visualized through the analysis of pedestrian crowd trajectory data derived from video footage. It was found that merging angle had a significant influence on the fluctuations of pedestrian flows, which is important in a critical situation such as emergency evacuation. As the merging angle increased, mean velocity and mean flow at the measuring region in the exit corridors decreased, while mean density increased. A similar trend was observed for the number of weaving and overtaking conflicts, which resulted in the increase of mean headway. Further, flow direction had a significant impact on the outflow of the individuals while blocked vision had an influence on pedestrian crowd interactions and merging process. Finally, this paper discusses safety assessments on crowd merging behaviors along with some recommendations for future research. Findings from this study can assist in the development and validation of pedestrian crowd simulation models as well as organization and control of crowd events. Nutzungsrecht: Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Ye, Zhirui oth Shiwakoti, Nirajan oth Tang, Dounan oth Wang, Chao oth Wang, Wei oth Enthalten in Accident analysis & prevention Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier, 1969 95(2016), Pt B, Seite 405-416 (DE-627)129511188 (DE-600)210223-7 (DE-576)014918552 0001-4575 nnns volume:95 year:2016 number:Pt B pages:405-416 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2015.10.009 Volltext http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26519346 GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC SSG-OLC-UMW SSG-OLC-TEC GBV_ILN_21 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_4012 55.84 AVZ 55.24 AVZ 44.80 AVZ AR 95 2016 Pt B 405-416
spelling	10.1016/j.aap.2015.10.009 doi PQ20161012 (DE-627)OLC1981588256 (DE-599)GBVOLC1981588256 (PRQ)c897-a171639c73136cac4e9251fbffa1663b1f301a46ec05cda2ac65b4a1e12c931c0 (KEY)0037621320160000095000000405empiricalinvestigationonsafetyconstraintsofmerging DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 650 DNB 55.84 bkl 55.24 bkl 44.80 bkl Shi, Xiaomeng verfasserin aut Empirical investigation on safety constraints of merging pedestrian crowd through macroscopic and microscopic analysis 2016 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier A recent crowd stampede during a New Year's Eve celebration in Shanghai, China resulted in 36 fatalities and over 49 serious injuries. Many of such tragic crowd accidents around the world resulted from complex multi-direction crowd movement such as merging behavior. Although there are a few studies on merging crowd behavior, none of them have conducted a systematic analysis considering the impact of both merging angle and flow direction towards the safety of pedestrian crowd movement. In this study, a series of controlled laboratory experiments were conducted to examine the safety constraints of merging pedestrian crowd movements considering merging angle (60°, 90° and 180°) and flow direction under slow running and blocked vision condition. Then, macroscopic and microscopic properties of crowd dynamics are obtained and visualized through the analysis of pedestrian crowd trajectory data derived from video footage. It was found that merging angle had a significant influence on the fluctuations of pedestrian flows, which is important in a critical situation such as emergency evacuation. As the merging angle increased, mean velocity and mean flow at the measuring region in the exit corridors decreased, while mean density increased. A similar trend was observed for the number of weaving and overtaking conflicts, which resulted in the increase of mean headway. Further, flow direction had a significant impact on the outflow of the individuals while blocked vision had an influence on pedestrian crowd interactions and merging process. Finally, this paper discusses safety assessments on crowd merging behaviors along with some recommendations for future research. Findings from this study can assist in the development and validation of pedestrian crowd simulation models as well as organization and control of crowd events. Nutzungsrecht: Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Ye, Zhirui oth Shiwakoti, Nirajan oth Tang, Dounan oth Wang, Chao oth Wang, Wei oth Enthalten in Accident analysis & prevention Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier, 1969 95(2016), Pt B, Seite 405-416 (DE-627)129511188 (DE-600)210223-7 (DE-576)014918552 0001-4575 nnns volume:95 year:2016 number:Pt B pages:405-416 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2015.10.009 Volltext http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26519346 GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC SSG-OLC-UMW SSG-OLC-TEC GBV_ILN_21 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_4012 55.84 AVZ 55.24 AVZ 44.80 AVZ AR 95 2016 Pt B 405-416
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Many of such tragic crowd accidents around the world resulted from complex multi-direction crowd movement such as merging behavior. Although there are a few studies on merging crowd behavior, none of them have conducted a systematic analysis considering the impact of both merging angle and flow direction towards the safety of pedestrian crowd movement. In this study, a series of controlled laboratory experiments were conducted to examine the safety constraints of merging pedestrian crowd movements considering merging angle (60°, 90° and 180°) and flow direction under slow running and blocked vision condition. Then, macroscopic and microscopic properties of crowd dynamics are obtained and visualized through the analysis of pedestrian crowd trajectory data derived from video footage. It was found that merging angle had a significant influence on the fluctuations of pedestrian flows, which is important in a critical situation such as emergency evacuation. As the merging angle increased, mean velocity and mean flow at the measuring region in the exit corridors decreased, while mean density increased. A similar trend was observed for the number of weaving and overtaking conflicts, which resulted in the increase of mean headway. Further, flow direction had a significant impact on the outflow of the individuals while blocked vision had an influence on pedestrian crowd interactions and merging process. Finally, this paper discusses safety assessments on crowd merging behaviors along with some recommendations for future research. Findings from this study can assist in the development and validation of pedestrian crowd simulation models as well as organization and control of crowd events.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="540" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Nutzungsrecht: Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. 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author	Shi, Xiaomeng
spellingShingle	Shi, Xiaomeng ddc 650 bkl 55.84 bkl 55.24 bkl 44.80 Empirical investigation on safety constraints of merging pedestrian crowd through macroscopic and microscopic analysis
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topic_title	650 DNB 55.84 bkl 55.24 bkl 44.80 bkl Empirical investigation on safety constraints of merging pedestrian crowd through macroscopic and microscopic analysis
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title	Empirical investigation on safety constraints of merging pedestrian crowd through macroscopic and microscopic analysis
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title_sort	empirical investigation on safety constraints of merging pedestrian crowd through macroscopic and microscopic analysis
title_auth	Empirical investigation on safety constraints of merging pedestrian crowd through macroscopic and microscopic analysis
abstract	A recent crowd stampede during a New Year's Eve celebration in Shanghai, China resulted in 36 fatalities and over 49 serious injuries. Many of such tragic crowd accidents around the world resulted from complex multi-direction crowd movement such as merging behavior. Although there are a few studies on merging crowd behavior, none of them have conducted a systematic analysis considering the impact of both merging angle and flow direction towards the safety of pedestrian crowd movement. In this study, a series of controlled laboratory experiments were conducted to examine the safety constraints of merging pedestrian crowd movements considering merging angle (60°, 90° and 180°) and flow direction under slow running and blocked vision condition. Then, macroscopic and microscopic properties of crowd dynamics are obtained and visualized through the analysis of pedestrian crowd trajectory data derived from video footage. It was found that merging angle had a significant influence on the fluctuations of pedestrian flows, which is important in a critical situation such as emergency evacuation. As the merging angle increased, mean velocity and mean flow at the measuring region in the exit corridors decreased, while mean density increased. A similar trend was observed for the number of weaving and overtaking conflicts, which resulted in the increase of mean headway. Further, flow direction had a significant impact on the outflow of the individuals while blocked vision had an influence on pedestrian crowd interactions and merging process. Finally, this paper discusses safety assessments on crowd merging behaviors along with some recommendations for future research. Findings from this study can assist in the development and validation of pedestrian crowd simulation models as well as organization and control of crowd events.
abstractGer	A recent crowd stampede during a New Year's Eve celebration in Shanghai, China resulted in 36 fatalities and over 49 serious injuries. Many of such tragic crowd accidents around the world resulted from complex multi-direction crowd movement such as merging behavior. Although there are a few studies on merging crowd behavior, none of them have conducted a systematic analysis considering the impact of both merging angle and flow direction towards the safety of pedestrian crowd movement. In this study, a series of controlled laboratory experiments were conducted to examine the safety constraints of merging pedestrian crowd movements considering merging angle (60°, 90° and 180°) and flow direction under slow running and blocked vision condition. Then, macroscopic and microscopic properties of crowd dynamics are obtained and visualized through the analysis of pedestrian crowd trajectory data derived from video footage. It was found that merging angle had a significant influence on the fluctuations of pedestrian flows, which is important in a critical situation such as emergency evacuation. As the merging angle increased, mean velocity and mean flow at the measuring region in the exit corridors decreased, while mean density increased. A similar trend was observed for the number of weaving and overtaking conflicts, which resulted in the increase of mean headway. Further, flow direction had a significant impact on the outflow of the individuals while blocked vision had an influence on pedestrian crowd interactions and merging process. Finally, this paper discusses safety assessments on crowd merging behaviors along with some recommendations for future research. Findings from this study can assist in the development and validation of pedestrian crowd simulation models as well as organization and control of crowd events.
abstract_unstemmed	A recent crowd stampede during a New Year's Eve celebration in Shanghai, China resulted in 36 fatalities and over 49 serious injuries. Many of such tragic crowd accidents around the world resulted from complex multi-direction crowd movement such as merging behavior. Although there are a few studies on merging crowd behavior, none of them have conducted a systematic analysis considering the impact of both merging angle and flow direction towards the safety of pedestrian crowd movement. In this study, a series of controlled laboratory experiments were conducted to examine the safety constraints of merging pedestrian crowd movements considering merging angle (60°, 90° and 180°) and flow direction under slow running and blocked vision condition. Then, macroscopic and microscopic properties of crowd dynamics are obtained and visualized through the analysis of pedestrian crowd trajectory data derived from video footage. It was found that merging angle had a significant influence on the fluctuations of pedestrian flows, which is important in a critical situation such as emergency evacuation. As the merging angle increased, mean velocity and mean flow at the measuring region in the exit corridors decreased, while mean density increased. A similar trend was observed for the number of weaving and overtaking conflicts, which resulted in the increase of mean headway. Further, flow direction had a significant impact on the outflow of the individuals while blocked vision had an influence on pedestrian crowd interactions and merging process. Finally, this paper discusses safety assessments on crowd merging behaviors along with some recommendations for future research. Findings from this study can assist in the development and validation of pedestrian crowd simulation models as well as organization and control of crowd events.
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title_short	Empirical investigation on safety constraints of merging pedestrian crowd through macroscopic and microscopic analysis
url	http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2015.10.009 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26519346
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