Phenological patterns of flowering across biogeographical regions of Europe
Long-term changes of plant phenological phases determined by complex interactions of environmental factors are in the focus of recent climate impact research. There is a lack of studies on the comparison of biogeographical regions in Europe in terms of plant responses to climate. We examined the flo...
Ausführliche Beschreibung
Autor*in: |
Templ, Barbara [verfasserIn] |
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Format: |
Artikel |
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Sprache: |
Englisch |
Erschienen: |
2017 |
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Schlagwörter: |
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Übergeordnetes Werk: |
Enthalten in: International journal of biometeorology - Heidelberg : Springer, 1961, 61(2017), 7, Seite 1347 |
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Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:61 ; year:2017 ; number:7 ; pages:1347 |
Links: |
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DOI / URN: |
10.1007/s00484-017-1312-6 |
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Katalog-ID: |
OLC1994187816 |
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520 | |a Long-term changes of plant phenological phases determined by complex interactions of environmental factors are in the focus of recent climate impact research. There is a lack of studies on the comparison of biogeographical regions in Europe in terms of plant responses to climate. We examined the flowering phenology of plant species to identify the spatio-temporal patterns in their responses to environmental variables over the period 1970-2010. Data were collected from 12 countries along a 3000-km-long, North-South transect from northern to eastern Central Europe. Biogeographical regions of Europe were covered from Finland to Macedonia. Robust statistical methods were used to determine the most influential factors driving the changes of the beginning of flowering dates. Significant species-specific advancements in plant flowering onsets within the Continental (3 to 8.3 days), Alpine (2 to 3.8 days) and by highest magnitude in the Boreal biogeographical regions (2.2 to 9.6 days per decades) were found, while less pronounced responses were detected in the Pannonian and Mediterranean regions. While most of the other studies only use mean temperature in the models, we show that also the distribution of minimum and maximum temperatures are reasonable to consider as explanatory variable. Not just local (e.g. temperature) but large scale (e.g. North Atlantic Oscillation) climate factors, as well as altitude and latitude play significant role in the timing of flowering across biogeographical regions of Europe. Our analysis gave evidences that species show a delay in the timing of flowering with an increase in latitude (between the geographical coordinates of 40.9 and 67.9), and an advance with changing climate. The woody species (black locust and small-leaved lime) showed stronger advancements in their timing of flowering than the herbaceous species (dandelion, lily of the valley). In later decades (1991-2010), more pronounced phenological change was detected than during the earlier years (1970-1990), which indicates the increased influence of human induced higher spring temperatures in the late twentieth century. | ||
650 | 4 | |a North Atlantic Oscillation | |
650 | 4 | |a Flowering | |
650 | 4 | |a Temperature effects | |
650 | 4 | |a Flowers & plants | |
650 | 4 | |a Atlantic Oscillation | |
650 | 4 | |a Mean temperatures | |
650 | 4 | |a Spring (season) | |
650 | 4 | |a Biogeography | |
650 | 4 | |a Climate | |
650 | 4 | |a Climate change | |
650 | 4 | |a Temperature | |
650 | 4 | |a Robustness | |
650 | 4 | |a Statistical methods | |
650 | 4 | |a Valleys | |
650 | 4 | |a Environmental factors | |
650 | 4 | |a Altitude | |
650 | 4 | |a Maximum temperatures | |
650 | 4 | |a Phenology | |
650 | 4 | |a Time measurement | |
650 | 4 | |a Latitude | |
650 | 4 | |a Alpine environments | |
650 | 4 | |a Geographical coordinates | |
700 | 1 | |a Templ, Matthias |4 oth | |
700 | 1 | |a Filzmoser, Peter |4 oth | |
700 | 1 | |a Lehoczky, Annamária |4 oth | |
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700 | 1 | |a Fleck, Stefan |4 oth | |
700 | 1 | |a Gregow, Hilppa |4 oth | |
700 | 1 | |a Hodzic, Sabina |4 oth | |
700 | 1 | |a Kalvane, Gunta |4 oth | |
700 | 1 | |a Kubin, Eero |4 oth | |
700 | 1 | |a Palm, Vello |4 oth | |
700 | 1 | |a Romanovskaja, Danuta |4 oth | |
700 | 1 | |a Vucˇetic´, Višnja |4 oth | |
700 | 1 | |a žust, Ana |4 oth | |
700 | 1 | |a Czúcz, Bálint |4 oth | |
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10.1007/s00484-017-1312-6 doi PQ20171228 (DE-627)OLC1994187816 (DE-599)GBVOLC1994187816 (PRQ)c1596-ea4510047fd6a8918865e05ea0b0066054953d7aa777c89fe26d0a20525c7ac80 (KEY)0024909220170000061000701347phenologicalpatternsoffloweringacrossbiogeographic DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 570 550 DE-101 BIODIV fid Templ, Barbara verfasserin aut Phenological patterns of flowering across biogeographical regions of Europe 2017 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier Long-term changes of plant phenological phases determined by complex interactions of environmental factors are in the focus of recent climate impact research. There is a lack of studies on the comparison of biogeographical regions in Europe in terms of plant responses to climate. We examined the flowering phenology of plant species to identify the spatio-temporal patterns in their responses to environmental variables over the period 1970-2010. Data were collected from 12 countries along a 3000-km-long, North-South transect from northern to eastern Central Europe. Biogeographical regions of Europe were covered from Finland to Macedonia. Robust statistical methods were used to determine the most influential factors driving the changes of the beginning of flowering dates. Significant species-specific advancements in plant flowering onsets within the Continental (3 to 8.3 days), Alpine (2 to 3.8 days) and by highest magnitude in the Boreal biogeographical regions (2.2 to 9.6 days per decades) were found, while less pronounced responses were detected in the Pannonian and Mediterranean regions. While most of the other studies only use mean temperature in the models, we show that also the distribution of minimum and maximum temperatures are reasonable to consider as explanatory variable. Not just local (e.g. temperature) but large scale (e.g. North Atlantic Oscillation) climate factors, as well as altitude and latitude play significant role in the timing of flowering across biogeographical regions of Europe. Our analysis gave evidences that species show a delay in the timing of flowering with an increase in latitude (between the geographical coordinates of 40.9 and 67.9), and an advance with changing climate. The woody species (black locust and small-leaved lime) showed stronger advancements in their timing of flowering than the herbaceous species (dandelion, lily of the valley). In later decades (1991-2010), more pronounced phenological change was detected than during the earlier years (1970-1990), which indicates the increased influence of human induced higher spring temperatures in the late twentieth century. North Atlantic Oscillation Flowering Temperature effects Flowers & plants Atlantic Oscillation Mean temperatures Spring (season) Biogeography Climate Climate change Temperature Robustness Statistical methods Valleys Environmental factors Altitude Maximum temperatures Phenology Time measurement Latitude Alpine environments Geographical coordinates Templ, Matthias oth Filzmoser, Peter oth Lehoczky, Annamária oth Bakšienè, Eugenija oth Fleck, Stefan oth Gregow, Hilppa oth Hodzic, Sabina oth Kalvane, Gunta oth Kubin, Eero oth Palm, Vello oth Romanovskaja, Danuta oth Vucˇetic´, Višnja oth žust, Ana oth Czúcz, Bálint oth Enthalten in International journal of biometeorology Heidelberg : Springer, 1961 61(2017), 7, Seite 1347 (DE-627)12985106X (DE-600)280324-0 (DE-576)015150259 0020-7128 nnns volume:61 year:2017 number:7 pages:1347 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00484-017-1312-6 Volltext https://search.proquest.com/docview/1911519610 GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC FID-BIODIV SSG-OLC-GEO SSG-OLC-PHA SSG-OLC-DE-84 SSG-OPC-GGO GBV_ILN_2018 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4277 AR 61 2017 7 1347 |
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10.1007/s00484-017-1312-6 doi PQ20171228 (DE-627)OLC1994187816 (DE-599)GBVOLC1994187816 (PRQ)c1596-ea4510047fd6a8918865e05ea0b0066054953d7aa777c89fe26d0a20525c7ac80 (KEY)0024909220170000061000701347phenologicalpatternsoffloweringacrossbiogeographic DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 570 550 DE-101 BIODIV fid Templ, Barbara verfasserin aut Phenological patterns of flowering across biogeographical regions of Europe 2017 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier Long-term changes of plant phenological phases determined by complex interactions of environmental factors are in the focus of recent climate impact research. There is a lack of studies on the comparison of biogeographical regions in Europe in terms of plant responses to climate. We examined the flowering phenology of plant species to identify the spatio-temporal patterns in their responses to environmental variables over the period 1970-2010. Data were collected from 12 countries along a 3000-km-long, North-South transect from northern to eastern Central Europe. Biogeographical regions of Europe were covered from Finland to Macedonia. Robust statistical methods were used to determine the most influential factors driving the changes of the beginning of flowering dates. Significant species-specific advancements in plant flowering onsets within the Continental (3 to 8.3 days), Alpine (2 to 3.8 days) and by highest magnitude in the Boreal biogeographical regions (2.2 to 9.6 days per decades) were found, while less pronounced responses were detected in the Pannonian and Mediterranean regions. While most of the other studies only use mean temperature in the models, we show that also the distribution of minimum and maximum temperatures are reasonable to consider as explanatory variable. Not just local (e.g. temperature) but large scale (e.g. North Atlantic Oscillation) climate factors, as well as altitude and latitude play significant role in the timing of flowering across biogeographical regions of Europe. Our analysis gave evidences that species show a delay in the timing of flowering with an increase in latitude (between the geographical coordinates of 40.9 and 67.9), and an advance with changing climate. The woody species (black locust and small-leaved lime) showed stronger advancements in their timing of flowering than the herbaceous species (dandelion, lily of the valley). In later decades (1991-2010), more pronounced phenological change was detected than during the earlier years (1970-1990), which indicates the increased influence of human induced higher spring temperatures in the late twentieth century. North Atlantic Oscillation Flowering Temperature effects Flowers & plants Atlantic Oscillation Mean temperatures Spring (season) Biogeography Climate Climate change Temperature Robustness Statistical methods Valleys Environmental factors Altitude Maximum temperatures Phenology Time measurement Latitude Alpine environments Geographical coordinates Templ, Matthias oth Filzmoser, Peter oth Lehoczky, Annamária oth Bakšienè, Eugenija oth Fleck, Stefan oth Gregow, Hilppa oth Hodzic, Sabina oth Kalvane, Gunta oth Kubin, Eero oth Palm, Vello oth Romanovskaja, Danuta oth Vucˇetic´, Višnja oth žust, Ana oth Czúcz, Bálint oth Enthalten in International journal of biometeorology Heidelberg : Springer, 1961 61(2017), 7, Seite 1347 (DE-627)12985106X (DE-600)280324-0 (DE-576)015150259 0020-7128 nnns volume:61 year:2017 number:7 pages:1347 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00484-017-1312-6 Volltext https://search.proquest.com/docview/1911519610 GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC FID-BIODIV SSG-OLC-GEO SSG-OLC-PHA SSG-OLC-DE-84 SSG-OPC-GGO GBV_ILN_2018 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4277 AR 61 2017 7 1347 |
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10.1007/s00484-017-1312-6 doi PQ20171228 (DE-627)OLC1994187816 (DE-599)GBVOLC1994187816 (PRQ)c1596-ea4510047fd6a8918865e05ea0b0066054953d7aa777c89fe26d0a20525c7ac80 (KEY)0024909220170000061000701347phenologicalpatternsoffloweringacrossbiogeographic DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 570 550 DE-101 BIODIV fid Templ, Barbara verfasserin aut Phenological patterns of flowering across biogeographical regions of Europe 2017 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier Long-term changes of plant phenological phases determined by complex interactions of environmental factors are in the focus of recent climate impact research. There is a lack of studies on the comparison of biogeographical regions in Europe in terms of plant responses to climate. We examined the flowering phenology of plant species to identify the spatio-temporal patterns in their responses to environmental variables over the period 1970-2010. Data were collected from 12 countries along a 3000-km-long, North-South transect from northern to eastern Central Europe. Biogeographical regions of Europe were covered from Finland to Macedonia. Robust statistical methods were used to determine the most influential factors driving the changes of the beginning of flowering dates. Significant species-specific advancements in plant flowering onsets within the Continental (3 to 8.3 days), Alpine (2 to 3.8 days) and by highest magnitude in the Boreal biogeographical regions (2.2 to 9.6 days per decades) were found, while less pronounced responses were detected in the Pannonian and Mediterranean regions. While most of the other studies only use mean temperature in the models, we show that also the distribution of minimum and maximum temperatures are reasonable to consider as explanatory variable. Not just local (e.g. temperature) but large scale (e.g. North Atlantic Oscillation) climate factors, as well as altitude and latitude play significant role in the timing of flowering across biogeographical regions of Europe. Our analysis gave evidences that species show a delay in the timing of flowering with an increase in latitude (between the geographical coordinates of 40.9 and 67.9), and an advance with changing climate. The woody species (black locust and small-leaved lime) showed stronger advancements in their timing of flowering than the herbaceous species (dandelion, lily of the valley). In later decades (1991-2010), more pronounced phenological change was detected than during the earlier years (1970-1990), which indicates the increased influence of human induced higher spring temperatures in the late twentieth century. North Atlantic Oscillation Flowering Temperature effects Flowers & plants Atlantic Oscillation Mean temperatures Spring (season) Biogeography Climate Climate change Temperature Robustness Statistical methods Valleys Environmental factors Altitude Maximum temperatures Phenology Time measurement Latitude Alpine environments Geographical coordinates Templ, Matthias oth Filzmoser, Peter oth Lehoczky, Annamária oth Bakšienè, Eugenija oth Fleck, Stefan oth Gregow, Hilppa oth Hodzic, Sabina oth Kalvane, Gunta oth Kubin, Eero oth Palm, Vello oth Romanovskaja, Danuta oth Vucˇetic´, Višnja oth žust, Ana oth Czúcz, Bálint oth Enthalten in International journal of biometeorology Heidelberg : Springer, 1961 61(2017), 7, Seite 1347 (DE-627)12985106X (DE-600)280324-0 (DE-576)015150259 0020-7128 nnns volume:61 year:2017 number:7 pages:1347 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00484-017-1312-6 Volltext https://search.proquest.com/docview/1911519610 GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC FID-BIODIV SSG-OLC-GEO SSG-OLC-PHA SSG-OLC-DE-84 SSG-OPC-GGO GBV_ILN_2018 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4277 AR 61 2017 7 1347 |
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10.1007/s00484-017-1312-6 doi PQ20171228 (DE-627)OLC1994187816 (DE-599)GBVOLC1994187816 (PRQ)c1596-ea4510047fd6a8918865e05ea0b0066054953d7aa777c89fe26d0a20525c7ac80 (KEY)0024909220170000061000701347phenologicalpatternsoffloweringacrossbiogeographic DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 570 550 DE-101 BIODIV fid Templ, Barbara verfasserin aut Phenological patterns of flowering across biogeographical regions of Europe 2017 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier Long-term changes of plant phenological phases determined by complex interactions of environmental factors are in the focus of recent climate impact research. There is a lack of studies on the comparison of biogeographical regions in Europe in terms of plant responses to climate. We examined the flowering phenology of plant species to identify the spatio-temporal patterns in their responses to environmental variables over the period 1970-2010. Data were collected from 12 countries along a 3000-km-long, North-South transect from northern to eastern Central Europe. Biogeographical regions of Europe were covered from Finland to Macedonia. Robust statistical methods were used to determine the most influential factors driving the changes of the beginning of flowering dates. Significant species-specific advancements in plant flowering onsets within the Continental (3 to 8.3 days), Alpine (2 to 3.8 days) and by highest magnitude in the Boreal biogeographical regions (2.2 to 9.6 days per decades) were found, while less pronounced responses were detected in the Pannonian and Mediterranean regions. While most of the other studies only use mean temperature in the models, we show that also the distribution of minimum and maximum temperatures are reasonable to consider as explanatory variable. Not just local (e.g. temperature) but large scale (e.g. North Atlantic Oscillation) climate factors, as well as altitude and latitude play significant role in the timing of flowering across biogeographical regions of Europe. Our analysis gave evidences that species show a delay in the timing of flowering with an increase in latitude (between the geographical coordinates of 40.9 and 67.9), and an advance with changing climate. The woody species (black locust and small-leaved lime) showed stronger advancements in their timing of flowering than the herbaceous species (dandelion, lily of the valley). In later decades (1991-2010), more pronounced phenological change was detected than during the earlier years (1970-1990), which indicates the increased influence of human induced higher spring temperatures in the late twentieth century. North Atlantic Oscillation Flowering Temperature effects Flowers & plants Atlantic Oscillation Mean temperatures Spring (season) Biogeography Climate Climate change Temperature Robustness Statistical methods Valleys Environmental factors Altitude Maximum temperatures Phenology Time measurement Latitude Alpine environments Geographical coordinates Templ, Matthias oth Filzmoser, Peter oth Lehoczky, Annamária oth Bakšienè, Eugenija oth Fleck, Stefan oth Gregow, Hilppa oth Hodzic, Sabina oth Kalvane, Gunta oth Kubin, Eero oth Palm, Vello oth Romanovskaja, Danuta oth Vucˇetic´, Višnja oth žust, Ana oth Czúcz, Bálint oth Enthalten in International journal of biometeorology Heidelberg : Springer, 1961 61(2017), 7, Seite 1347 (DE-627)12985106X (DE-600)280324-0 (DE-576)015150259 0020-7128 nnns volume:61 year:2017 number:7 pages:1347 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00484-017-1312-6 Volltext https://search.proquest.com/docview/1911519610 GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC FID-BIODIV SSG-OLC-GEO SSG-OLC-PHA SSG-OLC-DE-84 SSG-OPC-GGO GBV_ILN_2018 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4277 AR 61 2017 7 1347 |
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10.1007/s00484-017-1312-6 doi PQ20171228 (DE-627)OLC1994187816 (DE-599)GBVOLC1994187816 (PRQ)c1596-ea4510047fd6a8918865e05ea0b0066054953d7aa777c89fe26d0a20525c7ac80 (KEY)0024909220170000061000701347phenologicalpatternsoffloweringacrossbiogeographic DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 570 550 DE-101 BIODIV fid Templ, Barbara verfasserin aut Phenological patterns of flowering across biogeographical regions of Europe 2017 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier Long-term changes of plant phenological phases determined by complex interactions of environmental factors are in the focus of recent climate impact research. There is a lack of studies on the comparison of biogeographical regions in Europe in terms of plant responses to climate. We examined the flowering phenology of plant species to identify the spatio-temporal patterns in their responses to environmental variables over the period 1970-2010. Data were collected from 12 countries along a 3000-km-long, North-South transect from northern to eastern Central Europe. Biogeographical regions of Europe were covered from Finland to Macedonia. Robust statistical methods were used to determine the most influential factors driving the changes of the beginning of flowering dates. Significant species-specific advancements in plant flowering onsets within the Continental (3 to 8.3 days), Alpine (2 to 3.8 days) and by highest magnitude in the Boreal biogeographical regions (2.2 to 9.6 days per decades) were found, while less pronounced responses were detected in the Pannonian and Mediterranean regions. While most of the other studies only use mean temperature in the models, we show that also the distribution of minimum and maximum temperatures are reasonable to consider as explanatory variable. Not just local (e.g. temperature) but large scale (e.g. North Atlantic Oscillation) climate factors, as well as altitude and latitude play significant role in the timing of flowering across biogeographical regions of Europe. Our analysis gave evidences that species show a delay in the timing of flowering with an increase in latitude (between the geographical coordinates of 40.9 and 67.9), and an advance with changing climate. The woody species (black locust and small-leaved lime) showed stronger advancements in their timing of flowering than the herbaceous species (dandelion, lily of the valley). In later decades (1991-2010), more pronounced phenological change was detected than during the earlier years (1970-1990), which indicates the increased influence of human induced higher spring temperatures in the late twentieth century. North Atlantic Oscillation Flowering Temperature effects Flowers & plants Atlantic Oscillation Mean temperatures Spring (season) Biogeography Climate Climate change Temperature Robustness Statistical methods Valleys Environmental factors Altitude Maximum temperatures Phenology Time measurement Latitude Alpine environments Geographical coordinates Templ, Matthias oth Filzmoser, Peter oth Lehoczky, Annamária oth Bakšienè, Eugenija oth Fleck, Stefan oth Gregow, Hilppa oth Hodzic, Sabina oth Kalvane, Gunta oth Kubin, Eero oth Palm, Vello oth Romanovskaja, Danuta oth Vucˇetic´, Višnja oth žust, Ana oth Czúcz, Bálint oth Enthalten in International journal of biometeorology Heidelberg : Springer, 1961 61(2017), 7, Seite 1347 (DE-627)12985106X (DE-600)280324-0 (DE-576)015150259 0020-7128 nnns volume:61 year:2017 number:7 pages:1347 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00484-017-1312-6 Volltext https://search.proquest.com/docview/1911519610 GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC FID-BIODIV SSG-OLC-GEO SSG-OLC-PHA SSG-OLC-DE-84 SSG-OPC-GGO GBV_ILN_2018 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4277 AR 61 2017 7 1347 |
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Templ, Barbara ddc 570 fid BIODIV misc North Atlantic Oscillation misc Flowering misc Temperature effects misc Flowers & plants misc Atlantic Oscillation misc Mean temperatures misc Spring (season) misc Biogeography misc Climate misc Climate change misc Temperature misc Robustness misc Statistical methods misc Valleys misc Environmental factors misc Altitude misc Maximum temperatures misc Phenology misc Time measurement misc Latitude misc Alpine environments misc Geographical coordinates Phenological patterns of flowering across biogeographical regions of Europe |
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570 550 DE-101 BIODIV fid Phenological patterns of flowering across biogeographical regions of Europe North Atlantic Oscillation Flowering Temperature effects Flowers & plants Atlantic Oscillation Mean temperatures Spring (season) Biogeography Climate Climate change Temperature Robustness Statistical methods Valleys Environmental factors Altitude Maximum temperatures Phenology Time measurement Latitude Alpine environments Geographical coordinates |
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Phenological patterns of flowering across biogeographical regions of Europe |
abstract |
Long-term changes of plant phenological phases determined by complex interactions of environmental factors are in the focus of recent climate impact research. There is a lack of studies on the comparison of biogeographical regions in Europe in terms of plant responses to climate. We examined the flowering phenology of plant species to identify the spatio-temporal patterns in their responses to environmental variables over the period 1970-2010. Data were collected from 12 countries along a 3000-km-long, North-South transect from northern to eastern Central Europe. Biogeographical regions of Europe were covered from Finland to Macedonia. Robust statistical methods were used to determine the most influential factors driving the changes of the beginning of flowering dates. Significant species-specific advancements in plant flowering onsets within the Continental (3 to 8.3 days), Alpine (2 to 3.8 days) and by highest magnitude in the Boreal biogeographical regions (2.2 to 9.6 days per decades) were found, while less pronounced responses were detected in the Pannonian and Mediterranean regions. While most of the other studies only use mean temperature in the models, we show that also the distribution of minimum and maximum temperatures are reasonable to consider as explanatory variable. Not just local (e.g. temperature) but large scale (e.g. North Atlantic Oscillation) climate factors, as well as altitude and latitude play significant role in the timing of flowering across biogeographical regions of Europe. Our analysis gave evidences that species show a delay in the timing of flowering with an increase in latitude (between the geographical coordinates of 40.9 and 67.9), and an advance with changing climate. The woody species (black locust and small-leaved lime) showed stronger advancements in their timing of flowering than the herbaceous species (dandelion, lily of the valley). In later decades (1991-2010), more pronounced phenological change was detected than during the earlier years (1970-1990), which indicates the increased influence of human induced higher spring temperatures in the late twentieth century. |
abstractGer |
Long-term changes of plant phenological phases determined by complex interactions of environmental factors are in the focus of recent climate impact research. There is a lack of studies on the comparison of biogeographical regions in Europe in terms of plant responses to climate. We examined the flowering phenology of plant species to identify the spatio-temporal patterns in their responses to environmental variables over the period 1970-2010. Data were collected from 12 countries along a 3000-km-long, North-South transect from northern to eastern Central Europe. Biogeographical regions of Europe were covered from Finland to Macedonia. Robust statistical methods were used to determine the most influential factors driving the changes of the beginning of flowering dates. Significant species-specific advancements in plant flowering onsets within the Continental (3 to 8.3 days), Alpine (2 to 3.8 days) and by highest magnitude in the Boreal biogeographical regions (2.2 to 9.6 days per decades) were found, while less pronounced responses were detected in the Pannonian and Mediterranean regions. While most of the other studies only use mean temperature in the models, we show that also the distribution of minimum and maximum temperatures are reasonable to consider as explanatory variable. Not just local (e.g. temperature) but large scale (e.g. North Atlantic Oscillation) climate factors, as well as altitude and latitude play significant role in the timing of flowering across biogeographical regions of Europe. Our analysis gave evidences that species show a delay in the timing of flowering with an increase in latitude (between the geographical coordinates of 40.9 and 67.9), and an advance with changing climate. The woody species (black locust and small-leaved lime) showed stronger advancements in their timing of flowering than the herbaceous species (dandelion, lily of the valley). In later decades (1991-2010), more pronounced phenological change was detected than during the earlier years (1970-1990), which indicates the increased influence of human induced higher spring temperatures in the late twentieth century. |
abstract_unstemmed |
Long-term changes of plant phenological phases determined by complex interactions of environmental factors are in the focus of recent climate impact research. There is a lack of studies on the comparison of biogeographical regions in Europe in terms of plant responses to climate. We examined the flowering phenology of plant species to identify the spatio-temporal patterns in their responses to environmental variables over the period 1970-2010. Data were collected from 12 countries along a 3000-km-long, North-South transect from northern to eastern Central Europe. Biogeographical regions of Europe were covered from Finland to Macedonia. Robust statistical methods were used to determine the most influential factors driving the changes of the beginning of flowering dates. Significant species-specific advancements in plant flowering onsets within the Continental (3 to 8.3 days), Alpine (2 to 3.8 days) and by highest magnitude in the Boreal biogeographical regions (2.2 to 9.6 days per decades) were found, while less pronounced responses were detected in the Pannonian and Mediterranean regions. While most of the other studies only use mean temperature in the models, we show that also the distribution of minimum and maximum temperatures are reasonable to consider as explanatory variable. Not just local (e.g. temperature) but large scale (e.g. North Atlantic Oscillation) climate factors, as well as altitude and latitude play significant role in the timing of flowering across biogeographical regions of Europe. Our analysis gave evidences that species show a delay in the timing of flowering with an increase in latitude (between the geographical coordinates of 40.9 and 67.9), and an advance with changing climate. The woody species (black locust and small-leaved lime) showed stronger advancements in their timing of flowering than the herbaceous species (dandelion, lily of the valley). In later decades (1991-2010), more pronounced phenological change was detected than during the earlier years (1970-1990), which indicates the increased influence of human induced higher spring temperatures in the late twentieth century. |
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title_short |
Phenological patterns of flowering across biogeographical regions of Europe |
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There is a lack of studies on the comparison of biogeographical regions in Europe in terms of plant responses to climate. We examined the flowering phenology of plant species to identify the spatio-temporal patterns in their responses to environmental variables over the period 1970-2010. Data were collected from 12 countries along a 3000-km-long, North-South transect from northern to eastern Central Europe. Biogeographical regions of Europe were covered from Finland to Macedonia. Robust statistical methods were used to determine the most influential factors driving the changes of the beginning of flowering dates. Significant species-specific advancements in plant flowering onsets within the Continental (3 to 8.3 days), Alpine (2 to 3.8 days) and by highest magnitude in the Boreal biogeographical regions (2.2 to 9.6 days per decades) were found, while less pronounced responses were detected in the Pannonian and Mediterranean regions. While most of the other studies only use mean temperature in the models, we show that also the distribution of minimum and maximum temperatures are reasonable to consider as explanatory variable. Not just local (e.g. temperature) but large scale (e.g. North Atlantic Oscillation) climate factors, as well as altitude and latitude play significant role in the timing of flowering across biogeographical regions of Europe. Our analysis gave evidences that species show a delay in the timing of flowering with an increase in latitude (between the geographical coordinates of 40.9 and 67.9), and an advance with changing climate. The woody species (black locust and small-leaved lime) showed stronger advancements in their timing of flowering than the herbaceous species (dandelion, lily of the valley). In later decades (1991-2010), more pronounced phenological change was detected than during the earlier years (1970-1990), which indicates the increased influence of human induced higher spring temperatures in the late twentieth century.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">North Atlantic Oscillation</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Flowering</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Temperature effects</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Flowers & plants</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Atlantic Oscillation</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Mean temperatures</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Spring (season)</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Biogeography</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Climate</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Climate change</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Temperature</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Robustness</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Statistical methods</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Valleys</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Environmental factors</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Altitude</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Maximum temperatures</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Phenology</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" 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