Emissions and topographic effects on column CO2 ( XCO2) variations, with a focus on the Southern California Megacity
Within the California South Coast Air Basin (SoCAB), X CO 2 varies significantly due to atmospheric dynamics and the nonuniform distribution of sources. X CO 2 measurements within the basin have seasonal variation compared to the “background” due primarily to dynamics, or the origins of air masses c...
Ausführliche Beschreibung
Gespeichert in:
| Autor*in: |
Hedelius, Jacob K [verfasserIn] |
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| Format: |
Artikel |
|---|---|
| Sprache: |
Englisch |
| Erschienen: |
2017 |
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| Rechteinformationen: |
Nutzungsrecht: © 2017. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. |
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| Schlagwörter: |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
Enthalten in: Journal of geophysical research / D - Washington, DC : Union, 1984, 122(2017), 13, Seite 7200-7215 |
|---|---|
| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:122 ; year:2017 ; number:13 ; pages:7200-7215 |
| Links: |
|---|
| DOI / URN: |
10.1002/2017JD026455 |
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| Katalog-ID: |
OLC1996167588 |
|---|
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| 100 | 1 | |a Hedelius, Jacob K |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Emissions and topographic effects on column CO2 ( XCO2) variations, with a focus on the Southern California Megacity |
| 264 | 1 | |c 2017 | |
| 336 | |a Text |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |a ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |a Band |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 520 | |a Within the California South Coast Air Basin (SoCAB), X CO 2 varies significantly due to atmospheric dynamics and the nonuniform distribution of sources. X CO 2 measurements within the basin have seasonal variation compared to the “background” due primarily to dynamics, or the origins of air masses coming into the basin. We observe basin‐background differences that are in close agreement for three observing systems: Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON) 2.3 ± 1.2 ppm, Orbiting Carbon Observatory‐2 (OCO‐2) 2.4 ± 1.5 ppm, and Greenhouse gases Observing Satellite 2.4 ± 1.6 ppm (errors are 1 σ ). We further observe persistent significant differences (∼0.9 ppm) in X CO 2 between two TCCON sites located only 9 km apart within the SoCAB. We estimate that 20% (±1 σ confidence interval (CI): 0%, 58%) of the variance is explained by a difference in elevation using a full physics and emissions model and 36% (±1 σ CI: 10%, 101%) using a simple, fixed mixed layer model. This effect arises in the presence of a sharp gradient in any species (here we focus on CO 2 ) between the mixed layer (ML) and free troposphere. Column differences between nearby locations arise when the change in elevation is greater than the change in ML height. This affects the fraction of atmosphere that is in the ML above each site. We show that such topographic effects produce significant variation in X CO 2 across the SoCAB as well. Cities persistently have elevated carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) levels as compared to surrounding regions. Within a city CO 2 levels can also vary significantly at different locations for reasons such as more CO 2 being emitted in some parts than others. Elevated column CO 2 levels in the South Coast Air Basin (SoCAB) are in agreement for three observation systems (two satellite and one ground‐based) systems and vary with regional wind patterns throughout the year. In Pasadena, California, within the SoCAB, a significant fraction (about 25%) of variation in the column‐averaged CO 2 can be explained by differences in surface altitude. This is important to understand so that all variations in column CO 2 within an urban region are not mistakenly interpreted as being from CO 2 surface fluxes. In the SoCAB, 20–36% of spatial variance in X CO 2 is explained by topography on scales ≲ 10 km In Pasadena, X CO 2 is enhanced by 2.3 ± 1.2 (1 σ ) ppm above background levels, at 1300 (UTC 8) with seasonal variation The SoCAB X CO 2 enhancement is in agreement for 3 different observation sets (TCCON, GOSAT, and OCO‐2) | ||
| 540 | |a Nutzungsrecht: © 2017. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a South Coast Air Basin | |
| 650 | 4 | |a urban dome | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Los Angeles | |
| 650 | 4 | |a megacities | |
| 650 | 4 | |a carbon dioxide | |
| 650 | 4 | |a anthropogenic emissions | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Levels | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Coastal environments | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Topographic effects | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Atmosphere | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Carbon monoxide | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Nonuniform | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Cities | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Altitude | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Baseline studies | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Topography (geology) | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Variance analysis | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Carbon | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Emission measurements | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Surface fluxes | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Emissions | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Wind patterns | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Seasonal variations | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Species | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Topography | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Elevated | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Air masses | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Physics | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Banks (topography) | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Mixed layer | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Troposphere | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Greenhouse effect | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Air | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Variance (statistics) | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Satellites | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Dynamics | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Confidence intervals | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Air pollution | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Gases | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Background levels | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Seasons | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Elevation | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Slopes (topography) | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Satellite observation | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Carbon dioxide | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Greenhouse gases | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Spatial discrimination | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Fluxes | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Feng, Sha |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Roehl, Coleen M |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Wunch, Debra |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Hillyard, Patrick W |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Podolske, James R |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Iraci, Laura T |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Patarasuk, Risa |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Rao, Preeti |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a O'Keeffe, Darragh |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Gurney, Kevin R |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Lauvaux, Thomas |4 oth | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Wennberg, Paul O |4 oth | |
| 773 | 0 | 8 | |i Enthalten in |t Journal of geophysical research / D |d Washington, DC : Union, 1984 |g 122(2017), 13, Seite 7200-7215 |w (DE-627)130444391 |w (DE-600)710256-2 |w (DE-576)015978818 |x 2169-897X |7 nnns |
| 773 | 1 | 8 | |g volume:122 |g year:2017 |g number:13 |g pages:7200-7215 |
| 856 | 4 | 1 | |u http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2017JD026455 |3 Volltext |
| 856 | 4 | 2 | |u http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/2017JD026455/abstract |
| 856 | 4 | 2 | |u https://search.proquest.com/docview/1922953429 |
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10.1002/2017JD026455 doi PQ20170901 (DE-627)OLC1996167588 (DE-599)GBVOLC1996167588 (PRQ)p1017-83474808455f56fe314227053e1c42cb1934303f82489e8235be8853ab1afd50 (KEY)0137985220170000122001307200emissionsandtopographiceffectsoncolumnco2xco2varia DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 550 DNB Hedelius, Jacob K verfasserin aut Emissions and topographic effects on column CO2 ( XCO2) variations, with a focus on the Southern California Megacity 2017 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier Within the California South Coast Air Basin (SoCAB), X CO 2 varies significantly due to atmospheric dynamics and the nonuniform distribution of sources. X CO 2 measurements within the basin have seasonal variation compared to the “background” due primarily to dynamics, or the origins of air masses coming into the basin. We observe basin‐background differences that are in close agreement for three observing systems: Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON) 2.3 ± 1.2 ppm, Orbiting Carbon Observatory‐2 (OCO‐2) 2.4 ± 1.5 ppm, and Greenhouse gases Observing Satellite 2.4 ± 1.6 ppm (errors are 1 σ ). We further observe persistent significant differences (∼0.9 ppm) in X CO 2 between two TCCON sites located only 9 km apart within the SoCAB. We estimate that 20% (±1 σ confidence interval (CI): 0%, 58%) of the variance is explained by a difference in elevation using a full physics and emissions model and 36% (±1 σ CI: 10%, 101%) using a simple, fixed mixed layer model. This effect arises in the presence of a sharp gradient in any species (here we focus on CO 2 ) between the mixed layer (ML) and free troposphere. Column differences between nearby locations arise when the change in elevation is greater than the change in ML height. This affects the fraction of atmosphere that is in the ML above each site. We show that such topographic effects produce significant variation in X CO 2 across the SoCAB as well. Cities persistently have elevated carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) levels as compared to surrounding regions. Within a city CO 2 levels can also vary significantly at different locations for reasons such as more CO 2 being emitted in some parts than others. Elevated column CO 2 levels in the South Coast Air Basin (SoCAB) are in agreement for three observation systems (two satellite and one ground‐based) systems and vary with regional wind patterns throughout the year. In Pasadena, California, within the SoCAB, a significant fraction (about 25%) of variation in the column‐averaged CO 2 can be explained by differences in surface altitude. This is important to understand so that all variations in column CO 2 within an urban region are not mistakenly interpreted as being from CO 2 surface fluxes. In the SoCAB, 20–36% of spatial variance in X CO 2 is explained by topography on scales ≲ 10 km In Pasadena, X CO 2 is enhanced by 2.3 ± 1.2 (1 σ ) ppm above background levels, at 1300 (UTC 8) with seasonal variation The SoCAB X CO 2 enhancement is in agreement for 3 different observation sets (TCCON, GOSAT, and OCO‐2) Nutzungsrecht: © 2017. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. South Coast Air Basin urban dome Los Angeles megacities carbon dioxide anthropogenic emissions Levels Coastal environments Topographic effects Atmosphere Carbon monoxide Nonuniform Cities Altitude Baseline studies Topography (geology) Variance analysis Carbon Emission measurements Surface fluxes Emissions Wind patterns Seasonal variations Species Topography Elevated Air masses Physics Banks (topography) Mixed layer Troposphere Greenhouse effect Air Variance (statistics) Satellites Dynamics Confidence intervals Air pollution Gases Background levels Seasons Elevation Slopes (topography) Satellite observation Carbon dioxide Greenhouse gases Spatial discrimination Fluxes Feng, Sha oth Roehl, Coleen M oth Wunch, Debra oth Hillyard, Patrick W oth Podolske, James R oth Iraci, Laura T oth Patarasuk, Risa oth Rao, Preeti oth O'Keeffe, Darragh oth Gurney, Kevin R oth Lauvaux, Thomas oth Wennberg, Paul O oth Enthalten in Journal of geophysical research / D Washington, DC : Union, 1984 122(2017), 13, Seite 7200-7215 (DE-627)130444391 (DE-600)710256-2 (DE-576)015978818 2169-897X nnns volume:122 year:2017 number:13 pages:7200-7215 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2017JD026455 Volltext http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/2017JD026455/abstract https://search.proquest.com/docview/1922953429 GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC SSG-OLC-PHY SSG-OLC-GEO SSG-OPC-GGO SSG-OPC-GEO GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_154 AR 122 2017 13 7200-7215 |
| spelling |
10.1002/2017JD026455 doi PQ20170901 (DE-627)OLC1996167588 (DE-599)GBVOLC1996167588 (PRQ)p1017-83474808455f56fe314227053e1c42cb1934303f82489e8235be8853ab1afd50 (KEY)0137985220170000122001307200emissionsandtopographiceffectsoncolumnco2xco2varia DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 550 DNB Hedelius, Jacob K verfasserin aut Emissions and topographic effects on column CO2 ( XCO2) variations, with a focus on the Southern California Megacity 2017 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier Within the California South Coast Air Basin (SoCAB), X CO 2 varies significantly due to atmospheric dynamics and the nonuniform distribution of sources. X CO 2 measurements within the basin have seasonal variation compared to the “background” due primarily to dynamics, or the origins of air masses coming into the basin. We observe basin‐background differences that are in close agreement for three observing systems: Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON) 2.3 ± 1.2 ppm, Orbiting Carbon Observatory‐2 (OCO‐2) 2.4 ± 1.5 ppm, and Greenhouse gases Observing Satellite 2.4 ± 1.6 ppm (errors are 1 σ ). We further observe persistent significant differences (∼0.9 ppm) in X CO 2 between two TCCON sites located only 9 km apart within the SoCAB. We estimate that 20% (±1 σ confidence interval (CI): 0%, 58%) of the variance is explained by a difference in elevation using a full physics and emissions model and 36% (±1 σ CI: 10%, 101%) using a simple, fixed mixed layer model. This effect arises in the presence of a sharp gradient in any species (here we focus on CO 2 ) between the mixed layer (ML) and free troposphere. Column differences between nearby locations arise when the change in elevation is greater than the change in ML height. This affects the fraction of atmosphere that is in the ML above each site. We show that such topographic effects produce significant variation in X CO 2 across the SoCAB as well. Cities persistently have elevated carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) levels as compared to surrounding regions. Within a city CO 2 levels can also vary significantly at different locations for reasons such as more CO 2 being emitted in some parts than others. Elevated column CO 2 levels in the South Coast Air Basin (SoCAB) are in agreement for three observation systems (two satellite and one ground‐based) systems and vary with regional wind patterns throughout the year. In Pasadena, California, within the SoCAB, a significant fraction (about 25%) of variation in the column‐averaged CO 2 can be explained by differences in surface altitude. This is important to understand so that all variations in column CO 2 within an urban region are not mistakenly interpreted as being from CO 2 surface fluxes. In the SoCAB, 20–36% of spatial variance in X CO 2 is explained by topography on scales ≲ 10 km In Pasadena, X CO 2 is enhanced by 2.3 ± 1.2 (1 σ ) ppm above background levels, at 1300 (UTC 8) with seasonal variation The SoCAB X CO 2 enhancement is in agreement for 3 different observation sets (TCCON, GOSAT, and OCO‐2) Nutzungsrecht: © 2017. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. South Coast Air Basin urban dome Los Angeles megacities carbon dioxide anthropogenic emissions Levels Coastal environments Topographic effects Atmosphere Carbon monoxide Nonuniform Cities Altitude Baseline studies Topography (geology) Variance analysis Carbon Emission measurements Surface fluxes Emissions Wind patterns Seasonal variations Species Topography Elevated Air masses Physics Banks (topography) Mixed layer Troposphere Greenhouse effect Air Variance (statistics) Satellites Dynamics Confidence intervals Air pollution Gases Background levels Seasons Elevation Slopes (topography) Satellite observation Carbon dioxide Greenhouse gases Spatial discrimination Fluxes Feng, Sha oth Roehl, Coleen M oth Wunch, Debra oth Hillyard, Patrick W oth Podolske, James R oth Iraci, Laura T oth Patarasuk, Risa oth Rao, Preeti oth O'Keeffe, Darragh oth Gurney, Kevin R oth Lauvaux, Thomas oth Wennberg, Paul O oth Enthalten in Journal of geophysical research / D Washington, DC : Union, 1984 122(2017), 13, Seite 7200-7215 (DE-627)130444391 (DE-600)710256-2 (DE-576)015978818 2169-897X nnns volume:122 year:2017 number:13 pages:7200-7215 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2017JD026455 Volltext http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/2017JD026455/abstract https://search.proquest.com/docview/1922953429 GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC SSG-OLC-PHY SSG-OLC-GEO SSG-OPC-GGO SSG-OPC-GEO GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_154 AR 122 2017 13 7200-7215 |
| allfields_unstemmed |
10.1002/2017JD026455 doi PQ20170901 (DE-627)OLC1996167588 (DE-599)GBVOLC1996167588 (PRQ)p1017-83474808455f56fe314227053e1c42cb1934303f82489e8235be8853ab1afd50 (KEY)0137985220170000122001307200emissionsandtopographiceffectsoncolumnco2xco2varia DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 550 DNB Hedelius, Jacob K verfasserin aut Emissions and topographic effects on column CO2 ( XCO2) variations, with a focus on the Southern California Megacity 2017 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier Within the California South Coast Air Basin (SoCAB), X CO 2 varies significantly due to atmospheric dynamics and the nonuniform distribution of sources. X CO 2 measurements within the basin have seasonal variation compared to the “background” due primarily to dynamics, or the origins of air masses coming into the basin. We observe basin‐background differences that are in close agreement for three observing systems: Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON) 2.3 ± 1.2 ppm, Orbiting Carbon Observatory‐2 (OCO‐2) 2.4 ± 1.5 ppm, and Greenhouse gases Observing Satellite 2.4 ± 1.6 ppm (errors are 1 σ ). We further observe persistent significant differences (∼0.9 ppm) in X CO 2 between two TCCON sites located only 9 km apart within the SoCAB. We estimate that 20% (±1 σ confidence interval (CI): 0%, 58%) of the variance is explained by a difference in elevation using a full physics and emissions model and 36% (±1 σ CI: 10%, 101%) using a simple, fixed mixed layer model. This effect arises in the presence of a sharp gradient in any species (here we focus on CO 2 ) between the mixed layer (ML) and free troposphere. Column differences between nearby locations arise when the change in elevation is greater than the change in ML height. This affects the fraction of atmosphere that is in the ML above each site. We show that such topographic effects produce significant variation in X CO 2 across the SoCAB as well. Cities persistently have elevated carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) levels as compared to surrounding regions. Within a city CO 2 levels can also vary significantly at different locations for reasons such as more CO 2 being emitted in some parts than others. Elevated column CO 2 levels in the South Coast Air Basin (SoCAB) are in agreement for three observation systems (two satellite and one ground‐based) systems and vary with regional wind patterns throughout the year. In Pasadena, California, within the SoCAB, a significant fraction (about 25%) of variation in the column‐averaged CO 2 can be explained by differences in surface altitude. This is important to understand so that all variations in column CO 2 within an urban region are not mistakenly interpreted as being from CO 2 surface fluxes. In the SoCAB, 20–36% of spatial variance in X CO 2 is explained by topography on scales ≲ 10 km In Pasadena, X CO 2 is enhanced by 2.3 ± 1.2 (1 σ ) ppm above background levels, at 1300 (UTC 8) with seasonal variation The SoCAB X CO 2 enhancement is in agreement for 3 different observation sets (TCCON, GOSAT, and OCO‐2) Nutzungsrecht: © 2017. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. South Coast Air Basin urban dome Los Angeles megacities carbon dioxide anthropogenic emissions Levels Coastal environments Topographic effects Atmosphere Carbon monoxide Nonuniform Cities Altitude Baseline studies Topography (geology) Variance analysis Carbon Emission measurements Surface fluxes Emissions Wind patterns Seasonal variations Species Topography Elevated Air masses Physics Banks (topography) Mixed layer Troposphere Greenhouse effect Air Variance (statistics) Satellites Dynamics Confidence intervals Air pollution Gases Background levels Seasons Elevation Slopes (topography) Satellite observation Carbon dioxide Greenhouse gases Spatial discrimination Fluxes Feng, Sha oth Roehl, Coleen M oth Wunch, Debra oth Hillyard, Patrick W oth Podolske, James R oth Iraci, Laura T oth Patarasuk, Risa oth Rao, Preeti oth O'Keeffe, Darragh oth Gurney, Kevin R oth Lauvaux, Thomas oth Wennberg, Paul O oth Enthalten in Journal of geophysical research / D Washington, DC : Union, 1984 122(2017), 13, Seite 7200-7215 (DE-627)130444391 (DE-600)710256-2 (DE-576)015978818 2169-897X nnns volume:122 year:2017 number:13 pages:7200-7215 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2017JD026455 Volltext http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/2017JD026455/abstract https://search.proquest.com/docview/1922953429 GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC SSG-OLC-PHY SSG-OLC-GEO SSG-OPC-GGO SSG-OPC-GEO GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_154 AR 122 2017 13 7200-7215 |
| allfieldsGer |
10.1002/2017JD026455 doi PQ20170901 (DE-627)OLC1996167588 (DE-599)GBVOLC1996167588 (PRQ)p1017-83474808455f56fe314227053e1c42cb1934303f82489e8235be8853ab1afd50 (KEY)0137985220170000122001307200emissionsandtopographiceffectsoncolumnco2xco2varia DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 550 DNB Hedelius, Jacob K verfasserin aut Emissions and topographic effects on column CO2 ( XCO2) variations, with a focus on the Southern California Megacity 2017 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier Within the California South Coast Air Basin (SoCAB), X CO 2 varies significantly due to atmospheric dynamics and the nonuniform distribution of sources. X CO 2 measurements within the basin have seasonal variation compared to the “background” due primarily to dynamics, or the origins of air masses coming into the basin. We observe basin‐background differences that are in close agreement for three observing systems: Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON) 2.3 ± 1.2 ppm, Orbiting Carbon Observatory‐2 (OCO‐2) 2.4 ± 1.5 ppm, and Greenhouse gases Observing Satellite 2.4 ± 1.6 ppm (errors are 1 σ ). We further observe persistent significant differences (∼0.9 ppm) in X CO 2 between two TCCON sites located only 9 km apart within the SoCAB. We estimate that 20% (±1 σ confidence interval (CI): 0%, 58%) of the variance is explained by a difference in elevation using a full physics and emissions model and 36% (±1 σ CI: 10%, 101%) using a simple, fixed mixed layer model. This effect arises in the presence of a sharp gradient in any species (here we focus on CO 2 ) between the mixed layer (ML) and free troposphere. Column differences between nearby locations arise when the change in elevation is greater than the change in ML height. This affects the fraction of atmosphere that is in the ML above each site. We show that such topographic effects produce significant variation in X CO 2 across the SoCAB as well. Cities persistently have elevated carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) levels as compared to surrounding regions. Within a city CO 2 levels can also vary significantly at different locations for reasons such as more CO 2 being emitted in some parts than others. Elevated column CO 2 levels in the South Coast Air Basin (SoCAB) are in agreement for three observation systems (two satellite and one ground‐based) systems and vary with regional wind patterns throughout the year. In Pasadena, California, within the SoCAB, a significant fraction (about 25%) of variation in the column‐averaged CO 2 can be explained by differences in surface altitude. This is important to understand so that all variations in column CO 2 within an urban region are not mistakenly interpreted as being from CO 2 surface fluxes. In the SoCAB, 20–36% of spatial variance in X CO 2 is explained by topography on scales ≲ 10 km In Pasadena, X CO 2 is enhanced by 2.3 ± 1.2 (1 σ ) ppm above background levels, at 1300 (UTC 8) with seasonal variation The SoCAB X CO 2 enhancement is in agreement for 3 different observation sets (TCCON, GOSAT, and OCO‐2) Nutzungsrecht: © 2017. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. South Coast Air Basin urban dome Los Angeles megacities carbon dioxide anthropogenic emissions Levels Coastal environments Topographic effects Atmosphere Carbon monoxide Nonuniform Cities Altitude Baseline studies Topography (geology) Variance analysis Carbon Emission measurements Surface fluxes Emissions Wind patterns Seasonal variations Species Topography Elevated Air masses Physics Banks (topography) Mixed layer Troposphere Greenhouse effect Air Variance (statistics) Satellites Dynamics Confidence intervals Air pollution Gases Background levels Seasons Elevation Slopes (topography) Satellite observation Carbon dioxide Greenhouse gases Spatial discrimination Fluxes Feng, Sha oth Roehl, Coleen M oth Wunch, Debra oth Hillyard, Patrick W oth Podolske, James R oth Iraci, Laura T oth Patarasuk, Risa oth Rao, Preeti oth O'Keeffe, Darragh oth Gurney, Kevin R oth Lauvaux, Thomas oth Wennberg, Paul O oth Enthalten in Journal of geophysical research / D Washington, DC : Union, 1984 122(2017), 13, Seite 7200-7215 (DE-627)130444391 (DE-600)710256-2 (DE-576)015978818 2169-897X nnns volume:122 year:2017 number:13 pages:7200-7215 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2017JD026455 Volltext http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/2017JD026455/abstract https://search.proquest.com/docview/1922953429 GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC SSG-OLC-PHY SSG-OLC-GEO SSG-OPC-GGO SSG-OPC-GEO GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_154 AR 122 2017 13 7200-7215 |
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10.1002/2017JD026455 doi PQ20170901 (DE-627)OLC1996167588 (DE-599)GBVOLC1996167588 (PRQ)p1017-83474808455f56fe314227053e1c42cb1934303f82489e8235be8853ab1afd50 (KEY)0137985220170000122001307200emissionsandtopographiceffectsoncolumnco2xco2varia DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 550 DNB Hedelius, Jacob K verfasserin aut Emissions and topographic effects on column CO2 ( XCO2) variations, with a focus on the Southern California Megacity 2017 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier Within the California South Coast Air Basin (SoCAB), X CO 2 varies significantly due to atmospheric dynamics and the nonuniform distribution of sources. X CO 2 measurements within the basin have seasonal variation compared to the “background” due primarily to dynamics, or the origins of air masses coming into the basin. We observe basin‐background differences that are in close agreement for three observing systems: Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON) 2.3 ± 1.2 ppm, Orbiting Carbon Observatory‐2 (OCO‐2) 2.4 ± 1.5 ppm, and Greenhouse gases Observing Satellite 2.4 ± 1.6 ppm (errors are 1 σ ). We further observe persistent significant differences (∼0.9 ppm) in X CO 2 between two TCCON sites located only 9 km apart within the SoCAB. We estimate that 20% (±1 σ confidence interval (CI): 0%, 58%) of the variance is explained by a difference in elevation using a full physics and emissions model and 36% (±1 σ CI: 10%, 101%) using a simple, fixed mixed layer model. This effect arises in the presence of a sharp gradient in any species (here we focus on CO 2 ) between the mixed layer (ML) and free troposphere. Column differences between nearby locations arise when the change in elevation is greater than the change in ML height. This affects the fraction of atmosphere that is in the ML above each site. We show that such topographic effects produce significant variation in X CO 2 across the SoCAB as well. Cities persistently have elevated carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) levels as compared to surrounding regions. Within a city CO 2 levels can also vary significantly at different locations for reasons such as more CO 2 being emitted in some parts than others. Elevated column CO 2 levels in the South Coast Air Basin (SoCAB) are in agreement for three observation systems (two satellite and one ground‐based) systems and vary with regional wind patterns throughout the year. In Pasadena, California, within the SoCAB, a significant fraction (about 25%) of variation in the column‐averaged CO 2 can be explained by differences in surface altitude. This is important to understand so that all variations in column CO 2 within an urban region are not mistakenly interpreted as being from CO 2 surface fluxes. In the SoCAB, 20–36% of spatial variance in X CO 2 is explained by topography on scales ≲ 10 km In Pasadena, X CO 2 is enhanced by 2.3 ± 1.2 (1 σ ) ppm above background levels, at 1300 (UTC 8) with seasonal variation The SoCAB X CO 2 enhancement is in agreement for 3 different observation sets (TCCON, GOSAT, and OCO‐2) Nutzungsrecht: © 2017. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. South Coast Air Basin urban dome Los Angeles megacities carbon dioxide anthropogenic emissions Levels Coastal environments Topographic effects Atmosphere Carbon monoxide Nonuniform Cities Altitude Baseline studies Topography (geology) Variance analysis Carbon Emission measurements Surface fluxes Emissions Wind patterns Seasonal variations Species Topography Elevated Air masses Physics Banks (topography) Mixed layer Troposphere Greenhouse effect Air Variance (statistics) Satellites Dynamics Confidence intervals Air pollution Gases Background levels Seasons Elevation Slopes (topography) Satellite observation Carbon dioxide Greenhouse gases Spatial discrimination Fluxes Feng, Sha oth Roehl, Coleen M oth Wunch, Debra oth Hillyard, Patrick W oth Podolske, James R oth Iraci, Laura T oth Patarasuk, Risa oth Rao, Preeti oth O'Keeffe, Darragh oth Gurney, Kevin R oth Lauvaux, Thomas oth Wennberg, Paul O oth Enthalten in Journal of geophysical research / D Washington, DC : Union, 1984 122(2017), 13, Seite 7200-7215 (DE-627)130444391 (DE-600)710256-2 (DE-576)015978818 2169-897X nnns volume:122 year:2017 number:13 pages:7200-7215 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2017JD026455 Volltext http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/2017JD026455/abstract https://search.proquest.com/docview/1922953429 GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC SSG-OLC-PHY SSG-OLC-GEO SSG-OPC-GGO SSG-OPC-GEO GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_154 AR 122 2017 13 7200-7215 |
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Enthalten in Journal of geophysical research / D 122(2017), 13, Seite 7200-7215 volume:122 year:2017 number:13 pages:7200-7215 |
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South Coast Air Basin urban dome Los Angeles megacities carbon dioxide anthropogenic emissions Levels Coastal environments Topographic effects Atmosphere Carbon monoxide Nonuniform Cities Altitude Baseline studies Topography (geology) Variance analysis Carbon Emission measurements Surface fluxes Emissions Wind patterns Seasonal variations Species Topography Elevated Air masses Physics Banks (topography) Mixed layer Troposphere Greenhouse effect Air Variance (statistics) Satellites Dynamics Confidence intervals Air pollution Gases Background levels Seasons Elevation Slopes (topography) Satellite observation Carbon dioxide Greenhouse gases Spatial discrimination Fluxes |
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Hedelius, Jacob K @@aut@@ Feng, Sha @@oth@@ Roehl, Coleen M @@oth@@ Wunch, Debra @@oth@@ Hillyard, Patrick W @@oth@@ Podolske, James R @@oth@@ Iraci, Laura T @@oth@@ Patarasuk, Risa @@oth@@ Rao, Preeti @@oth@@ O'Keeffe, Darragh @@oth@@ Gurney, Kevin R @@oth@@ Lauvaux, Thomas @@oth@@ Wennberg, Paul O @@oth@@ |
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Hedelius, Jacob K |
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Hedelius, Jacob K ddc 550 misc South Coast Air Basin misc urban dome misc Los Angeles misc megacities misc carbon dioxide misc anthropogenic emissions misc Levels misc Coastal environments misc Topographic effects misc Atmosphere misc Carbon monoxide misc Nonuniform misc Cities misc Altitude misc Baseline studies misc Topography (geology) misc Variance analysis misc Carbon misc Emission measurements misc Surface fluxes misc Emissions misc Wind patterns misc Seasonal variations misc Species misc Topography misc Elevated misc Air masses misc Physics misc Banks (topography) misc Mixed layer misc Troposphere misc Greenhouse effect misc Air misc Variance (statistics) misc Satellites misc Dynamics misc Confidence intervals misc Air pollution misc Gases misc Background levels misc Seasons misc Elevation misc Slopes (topography) misc Satellite observation misc Carbon dioxide misc Greenhouse gases misc Spatial discrimination misc Fluxes Emissions and topographic effects on column CO2 ( XCO2) variations, with a focus on the Southern California Megacity |
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550 DNB Emissions and topographic effects on column CO2 ( XCO2) variations, with a focus on the Southern California Megacity South Coast Air Basin urban dome Los Angeles megacities carbon dioxide anthropogenic emissions Levels Coastal environments Topographic effects Atmosphere Carbon monoxide Nonuniform Cities Altitude Baseline studies Topography (geology) Variance analysis Carbon Emission measurements Surface fluxes Emissions Wind patterns Seasonal variations Species Topography Elevated Air masses Physics Banks (topography) Mixed layer Troposphere Greenhouse effect Air Variance (statistics) Satellites Dynamics Confidence intervals Air pollution Gases Background levels Seasons Elevation Slopes (topography) Satellite observation Carbon dioxide Greenhouse gases Spatial discrimination Fluxes |
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ddc 550 misc South Coast Air Basin misc urban dome misc Los Angeles misc megacities misc carbon dioxide misc anthropogenic emissions misc Levels misc Coastal environments misc Topographic effects misc Atmosphere misc Carbon monoxide misc Nonuniform misc Cities misc Altitude misc Baseline studies misc Topography (geology) misc Variance analysis misc Carbon misc Emission measurements misc Surface fluxes misc Emissions misc Wind patterns misc Seasonal variations misc Species misc Topography misc Elevated misc Air masses misc Physics misc Banks (topography) misc Mixed layer misc Troposphere misc Greenhouse effect misc Air misc Variance (statistics) misc Satellites misc Dynamics misc Confidence intervals misc Air pollution misc Gases misc Background levels misc Seasons misc Elevation misc Slopes (topography) misc Satellite observation misc Carbon dioxide misc Greenhouse gases misc Spatial discrimination misc Fluxes |
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Emissions and topographic effects on column CO2 ( XCO2) variations, with a focus on the Southern California Megacity |
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Emissions and topographic effects on column CO2 ( XCO2) variations, with a focus on the Southern California Megacity |
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emissions and topographic effects on column co2 ( xco2) variations, with a focus on the southern california megacity |
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Emissions and topographic effects on column CO2 ( XCO2) variations, with a focus on the Southern California Megacity |
| abstract |
Within the California South Coast Air Basin (SoCAB), X CO 2 varies significantly due to atmospheric dynamics and the nonuniform distribution of sources. X CO 2 measurements within the basin have seasonal variation compared to the “background” due primarily to dynamics, or the origins of air masses coming into the basin. We observe basin‐background differences that are in close agreement for three observing systems: Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON) 2.3 ± 1.2 ppm, Orbiting Carbon Observatory‐2 (OCO‐2) 2.4 ± 1.5 ppm, and Greenhouse gases Observing Satellite 2.4 ± 1.6 ppm (errors are 1 σ ). We further observe persistent significant differences (∼0.9 ppm) in X CO 2 between two TCCON sites located only 9 km apart within the SoCAB. We estimate that 20% (±1 σ confidence interval (CI): 0%, 58%) of the variance is explained by a difference in elevation using a full physics and emissions model and 36% (±1 σ CI: 10%, 101%) using a simple, fixed mixed layer model. This effect arises in the presence of a sharp gradient in any species (here we focus on CO 2 ) between the mixed layer (ML) and free troposphere. Column differences between nearby locations arise when the change in elevation is greater than the change in ML height. This affects the fraction of atmosphere that is in the ML above each site. We show that such topographic effects produce significant variation in X CO 2 across the SoCAB as well. Cities persistently have elevated carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) levels as compared to surrounding regions. Within a city CO 2 levels can also vary significantly at different locations for reasons such as more CO 2 being emitted in some parts than others. Elevated column CO 2 levels in the South Coast Air Basin (SoCAB) are in agreement for three observation systems (two satellite and one ground‐based) systems and vary with regional wind patterns throughout the year. In Pasadena, California, within the SoCAB, a significant fraction (about 25%) of variation in the column‐averaged CO 2 can be explained by differences in surface altitude. This is important to understand so that all variations in column CO 2 within an urban region are not mistakenly interpreted as being from CO 2 surface fluxes. In the SoCAB, 20–36% of spatial variance in X CO 2 is explained by topography on scales ≲ 10 km In Pasadena, X CO 2 is enhanced by 2.3 ± 1.2 (1 σ ) ppm above background levels, at 1300 (UTC 8) with seasonal variation The SoCAB X CO 2 enhancement is in agreement for 3 different observation sets (TCCON, GOSAT, and OCO‐2) |
| abstractGer |
Within the California South Coast Air Basin (SoCAB), X CO 2 varies significantly due to atmospheric dynamics and the nonuniform distribution of sources. X CO 2 measurements within the basin have seasonal variation compared to the “background” due primarily to dynamics, or the origins of air masses coming into the basin. We observe basin‐background differences that are in close agreement for three observing systems: Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON) 2.3 ± 1.2 ppm, Orbiting Carbon Observatory‐2 (OCO‐2) 2.4 ± 1.5 ppm, and Greenhouse gases Observing Satellite 2.4 ± 1.6 ppm (errors are 1 σ ). We further observe persistent significant differences (∼0.9 ppm) in X CO 2 between two TCCON sites located only 9 km apart within the SoCAB. We estimate that 20% (±1 σ confidence interval (CI): 0%, 58%) of the variance is explained by a difference in elevation using a full physics and emissions model and 36% (±1 σ CI: 10%, 101%) using a simple, fixed mixed layer model. This effect arises in the presence of a sharp gradient in any species (here we focus on CO 2 ) between the mixed layer (ML) and free troposphere. Column differences between nearby locations arise when the change in elevation is greater than the change in ML height. This affects the fraction of atmosphere that is in the ML above each site. We show that such topographic effects produce significant variation in X CO 2 across the SoCAB as well. Cities persistently have elevated carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) levels as compared to surrounding regions. Within a city CO 2 levels can also vary significantly at different locations for reasons such as more CO 2 being emitted in some parts than others. Elevated column CO 2 levels in the South Coast Air Basin (SoCAB) are in agreement for three observation systems (two satellite and one ground‐based) systems and vary with regional wind patterns throughout the year. In Pasadena, California, within the SoCAB, a significant fraction (about 25%) of variation in the column‐averaged CO 2 can be explained by differences in surface altitude. This is important to understand so that all variations in column CO 2 within an urban region are not mistakenly interpreted as being from CO 2 surface fluxes. In the SoCAB, 20–36% of spatial variance in X CO 2 is explained by topography on scales ≲ 10 km In Pasadena, X CO 2 is enhanced by 2.3 ± 1.2 (1 σ ) ppm above background levels, at 1300 (UTC 8) with seasonal variation The SoCAB X CO 2 enhancement is in agreement for 3 different observation sets (TCCON, GOSAT, and OCO‐2) |
| abstract_unstemmed |
Within the California South Coast Air Basin (SoCAB), X CO 2 varies significantly due to atmospheric dynamics and the nonuniform distribution of sources. X CO 2 measurements within the basin have seasonal variation compared to the “background” due primarily to dynamics, or the origins of air masses coming into the basin. We observe basin‐background differences that are in close agreement for three observing systems: Total Carbon Column Observing Network (TCCON) 2.3 ± 1.2 ppm, Orbiting Carbon Observatory‐2 (OCO‐2) 2.4 ± 1.5 ppm, and Greenhouse gases Observing Satellite 2.4 ± 1.6 ppm (errors are 1 σ ). We further observe persistent significant differences (∼0.9 ppm) in X CO 2 between two TCCON sites located only 9 km apart within the SoCAB. We estimate that 20% (±1 σ confidence interval (CI): 0%, 58%) of the variance is explained by a difference in elevation using a full physics and emissions model and 36% (±1 σ CI: 10%, 101%) using a simple, fixed mixed layer model. This effect arises in the presence of a sharp gradient in any species (here we focus on CO 2 ) between the mixed layer (ML) and free troposphere. Column differences between nearby locations arise when the change in elevation is greater than the change in ML height. This affects the fraction of atmosphere that is in the ML above each site. We show that such topographic effects produce significant variation in X CO 2 across the SoCAB as well. Cities persistently have elevated carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) levels as compared to surrounding regions. Within a city CO 2 levels can also vary significantly at different locations for reasons such as more CO 2 being emitted in some parts than others. Elevated column CO 2 levels in the South Coast Air Basin (SoCAB) are in agreement for three observation systems (two satellite and one ground‐based) systems and vary with regional wind patterns throughout the year. In Pasadena, California, within the SoCAB, a significant fraction (about 25%) of variation in the column‐averaged CO 2 can be explained by differences in surface altitude. This is important to understand so that all variations in column CO 2 within an urban region are not mistakenly interpreted as being from CO 2 surface fluxes. In the SoCAB, 20–36% of spatial variance in X CO 2 is explained by topography on scales ≲ 10 km In Pasadena, X CO 2 is enhanced by 2.3 ± 1.2 (1 σ ) ppm above background levels, at 1300 (UTC 8) with seasonal variation The SoCAB X CO 2 enhancement is in agreement for 3 different observation sets (TCCON, GOSAT, and OCO‐2) |
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Emissions and topographic effects on column CO2 ( XCO2) variations, with a focus on the Southern California Megacity |
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