Eruption style and crystal size distributions: Crystallization of groundmass nanolites in the 2011 Shinmoedake eruption
Crystallization of groundmass minerals may record the physicochemical conditions of magmatic processes upon eruption and is thus a topic of interdisciplinary research in the disciplines of mineralogy, petrology, and volcanology. Recent studies have reported that the groundmass crystals of some volca...
Ausführliche Beschreibung
Gespeichert in:
| Autor*in: |
Mayumi Mujin [verfasserIn] |
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| Format: |
Artikel |
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| Sprache: |
Englisch |
| Erschienen: |
2017 |
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| Schlagwörter: |
Rates and Depths of Magma Ascent on Earth |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
Enthalten in: American mineralogist - Washington, DC [u.a.] : Soc., 1916, 102(2017), 12, Seite 2367-2380 |
|---|---|
| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:102 ; year:2017 ; number:12 ; pages:2367-2380 |
| Links: |
|---|
| DOI / URN: |
10.2138/am-2017-6052CCBYNCND |
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OLC1999261720 |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Eruption style and crystal size distributions: Crystallization of groundmass nanolites in the 2011 Shinmoedake eruption |
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| 520 | |a Crystallization of groundmass minerals may record the physicochemical conditions of magmatic processes upon eruption and is thus a topic of interdisciplinary research in the disciplines of mineralogy, petrology, and volcanology. Recent studies have reported that the groundmass crystals of some volcanic rocks exhibit a break in their crystal size distribution (CSD) slopes that range from a few micrometers to hundreds of nanometers. The crystals consisting of the finer parts of the break were defined as nanolites. In this study, we report the presence of nanometer-scale crystals down to 1 nm in the pyroclasts of the 2011 eruption of Shinmoedake, the Kirishima volcano group, based on field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). We discovered a gap (hiatus) from ~100 to ~30 nm in the size distribution of pyroxene in a dense juvenile fragment of a vulcanian explosion. The pyroxene crystals ~20–30 nm on a diameter were ferroaugite ( 2/ ), while those a few hundred nanometers in width had a composite structure consisting of the domains of orthopyroxene ( ), augite ( 2/ ), and sub-calcic augite ( 2/ ). In high-angle annular dark-field scanning TEM images of the same sample, bright spots ~1–2 nm in diameter were recognized with a gap in size from ~10–20 nm titanomagnetite ( ). They are presumed to have Fe-rich compositions, although their phases were too small to be determined. In addition, we found that crystals smaller than a few tens of nanometers for pyroxene and 100 nm for plagioclase did not exist or their number densities were too low for accurate determination. This indicates that there are practical minimum sizes of the crystals. These observations show that nucleation of the nanoscale crystals almost paused (froze) in the late stage of groundmass crystallization, possibly due to a decrease in undercooling, increase in interfacial free energy, and decrease in diffusivity in a dehydrated melt, whereas crystal growth was mostly continuous. In this paper, we introduce the novel term “ultrananolite,” to refer to crystals smaller than 30 nm in diameter, and redefine “nanolite” simply as those 30 nm to 1 µm in width, complementing the size interval of crystals in volcanic groundmass smaller than microlites (1–30 μm). In the transient nucleation process, the presence of subcritical size clusters is required. The observed ultrananolite-sized particles might partly include subcritical clusters. The difference in the slope of CSDs, presence of gaps in size distribution, and minimum crystal size among the eruption styles of the 2011 Shinmoedake eruption may be interpreted by considering the difference in magma residence time and fragmentation pressure in the shallow conduit, and possibly the rewelding process in the crater. | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a nanolite | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Microlite | |
| 650 | 4 | |a vulcanian explosion | |
| 650 | 4 | |a transient nucleation | |
| 650 | 4 | |a crystal size distribution | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Rates and Depths of Magma Ascent on Earth | |
| 650 | 4 | |a ultrananolite | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Supercooling | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Crystal growth | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Field emission | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Transmission electron microscopy | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Mineralogy | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Crystals | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Plagioclase | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Volcanology | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Nucleation | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Bright spots | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Volcanic activity | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Break in | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Magma | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Electron microscopy | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Crystallization | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Particle size distribution | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Scanning electron microscopy | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Particulate composites | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Volcanic rocks | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Clusters | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Pyroxenes | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Volcanoes | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Free energy | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Interdisciplinary research | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Microscopy | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Petrology | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Interdisciplinary studies | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Minerals | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Iron | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Size distribution | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Dehydration | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Styles | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Micrometers | |
| 700 | 0 | |a Michihiko Nakamura |4 oth | |
| 700 | 0 | |a Akira Miyake |4 oth | |
| 773 | 0 | 8 | |i Enthalten in |t American mineralogist |d Washington, DC [u.a.] : Soc., 1916 |g 102(2017), 12, Seite 2367-2380 |w (DE-627)129081795 |w (DE-600)3514-2 |w (DE-576)014414716 |x 0003-004X |7 nnns |
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| 856 | 4 | 1 | |u http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/am-2017-6052CCBYNCND |3 Volltext |
| 856 | 4 | 2 | |u http://www.degruyter.com/doi/10.2138/am-2017-6052CCBYNCND |
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10.2138/am-2017-6052CCBYNCND doi PQ20171228 (DE-627)OLC1999261720 (DE-599)GBVOLC1999261720 (PRQ)p907-ab67715861b9c952b69b66dd012eed1ba721fbe8745b7ca8ea98907b08af69740 (KEY)0120180820170000102001202367eruptionstyleandcrystalsizedistributionscrystalliz DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 550 540 DNB 38.30 bkl Mayumi Mujin verfasserin aut Eruption style and crystal size distributions: Crystallization of groundmass nanolites in the 2011 Shinmoedake eruption 2017 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier Crystallization of groundmass minerals may record the physicochemical conditions of magmatic processes upon eruption and is thus a topic of interdisciplinary research in the disciplines of mineralogy, petrology, and volcanology. Recent studies have reported that the groundmass crystals of some volcanic rocks exhibit a break in their crystal size distribution (CSD) slopes that range from a few micrometers to hundreds of nanometers. The crystals consisting of the finer parts of the break were defined as nanolites. In this study, we report the presence of nanometer-scale crystals down to 1 nm in the pyroclasts of the 2011 eruption of Shinmoedake, the Kirishima volcano group, based on field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). We discovered a gap (hiatus) from ~100 to ~30 nm in the size distribution of pyroxene in a dense juvenile fragment of a vulcanian explosion. The pyroxene crystals ~20–30 nm on a diameter were ferroaugite ( 2/ ), while those a few hundred nanometers in width had a composite structure consisting of the domains of orthopyroxene ( ), augite ( 2/ ), and sub-calcic augite ( 2/ ). In high-angle annular dark-field scanning TEM images of the same sample, bright spots ~1–2 nm in diameter were recognized with a gap in size from ~10–20 nm titanomagnetite ( ). They are presumed to have Fe-rich compositions, although their phases were too small to be determined. In addition, we found that crystals smaller than a few tens of nanometers for pyroxene and 100 nm for plagioclase did not exist or their number densities were too low for accurate determination. This indicates that there are practical minimum sizes of the crystals. These observations show that nucleation of the nanoscale crystals almost paused (froze) in the late stage of groundmass crystallization, possibly due to a decrease in undercooling, increase in interfacial free energy, and decrease in diffusivity in a dehydrated melt, whereas crystal growth was mostly continuous. In this paper, we introduce the novel term “ultrananolite,” to refer to crystals smaller than 30 nm in diameter, and redefine “nanolite” simply as those 30 nm to 1 µm in width, complementing the size interval of crystals in volcanic groundmass smaller than microlites (1–30 μm). In the transient nucleation process, the presence of subcritical size clusters is required. The observed ultrananolite-sized particles might partly include subcritical clusters. The difference in the slope of CSDs, presence of gaps in size distribution, and minimum crystal size among the eruption styles of the 2011 Shinmoedake eruption may be interpreted by considering the difference in magma residence time and fragmentation pressure in the shallow conduit, and possibly the rewelding process in the crater. nanolite Microlite vulcanian explosion transient nucleation crystal size distribution Rates and Depths of Magma Ascent on Earth ultrananolite Supercooling Crystal growth Field emission Transmission electron microscopy Mineralogy Crystals Plagioclase Volcanology Nucleation Bright spots Volcanic activity Break in Magma Electron microscopy Crystallization Particle size distribution Scanning electron microscopy Particulate composites Volcanic rocks Clusters Pyroxenes Volcanoes Free energy Interdisciplinary research Microscopy Petrology Interdisciplinary studies Minerals Iron Size distribution Dehydration Styles Micrometers Michihiko Nakamura oth Akira Miyake oth Enthalten in American mineralogist Washington, DC [u.a.] : Soc., 1916 102(2017), 12, Seite 2367-2380 (DE-627)129081795 (DE-600)3514-2 (DE-576)014414716 0003-004X nnns volume:102 year:2017 number:12 pages:2367-2380 http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/am-2017-6052CCBYNCND Volltext http://www.degruyter.com/doi/10.2138/am-2017-6052CCBYNCND https://search.proquest.com/docview/1978463313 GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC SSG-OLC-CHE SSG-OLC-GEO SSG-OLC-PHA SSG-OLC-DE-84 SSG-OPC-GGO GBV_ILN_21 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_188 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4323 38.30 AVZ AR 102 2017 12 2367-2380 |
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10.2138/am-2017-6052CCBYNCND doi PQ20171228 (DE-627)OLC1999261720 (DE-599)GBVOLC1999261720 (PRQ)p907-ab67715861b9c952b69b66dd012eed1ba721fbe8745b7ca8ea98907b08af69740 (KEY)0120180820170000102001202367eruptionstyleandcrystalsizedistributionscrystalliz DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 550 540 DNB 38.30 bkl Mayumi Mujin verfasserin aut Eruption style and crystal size distributions: Crystallization of groundmass nanolites in the 2011 Shinmoedake eruption 2017 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier Crystallization of groundmass minerals may record the physicochemical conditions of magmatic processes upon eruption and is thus a topic of interdisciplinary research in the disciplines of mineralogy, petrology, and volcanology. Recent studies have reported that the groundmass crystals of some volcanic rocks exhibit a break in their crystal size distribution (CSD) slopes that range from a few micrometers to hundreds of nanometers. The crystals consisting of the finer parts of the break were defined as nanolites. In this study, we report the presence of nanometer-scale crystals down to 1 nm in the pyroclasts of the 2011 eruption of Shinmoedake, the Kirishima volcano group, based on field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). We discovered a gap (hiatus) from ~100 to ~30 nm in the size distribution of pyroxene in a dense juvenile fragment of a vulcanian explosion. The pyroxene crystals ~20–30 nm on a diameter were ferroaugite ( 2/ ), while those a few hundred nanometers in width had a composite structure consisting of the domains of orthopyroxene ( ), augite ( 2/ ), and sub-calcic augite ( 2/ ). In high-angle annular dark-field scanning TEM images of the same sample, bright spots ~1–2 nm in diameter were recognized with a gap in size from ~10–20 nm titanomagnetite ( ). They are presumed to have Fe-rich compositions, although their phases were too small to be determined. In addition, we found that crystals smaller than a few tens of nanometers for pyroxene and 100 nm for plagioclase did not exist or their number densities were too low for accurate determination. This indicates that there are practical minimum sizes of the crystals. These observations show that nucleation of the nanoscale crystals almost paused (froze) in the late stage of groundmass crystallization, possibly due to a decrease in undercooling, increase in interfacial free energy, and decrease in diffusivity in a dehydrated melt, whereas crystal growth was mostly continuous. In this paper, we introduce the novel term “ultrananolite,” to refer to crystals smaller than 30 nm in diameter, and redefine “nanolite” simply as those 30 nm to 1 µm in width, complementing the size interval of crystals in volcanic groundmass smaller than microlites (1–30 μm). In the transient nucleation process, the presence of subcritical size clusters is required. The observed ultrananolite-sized particles might partly include subcritical clusters. The difference in the slope of CSDs, presence of gaps in size distribution, and minimum crystal size among the eruption styles of the 2011 Shinmoedake eruption may be interpreted by considering the difference in magma residence time and fragmentation pressure in the shallow conduit, and possibly the rewelding process in the crater. nanolite Microlite vulcanian explosion transient nucleation crystal size distribution Rates and Depths of Magma Ascent on Earth ultrananolite Supercooling Crystal growth Field emission Transmission electron microscopy Mineralogy Crystals Plagioclase Volcanology Nucleation Bright spots Volcanic activity Break in Magma Electron microscopy Crystallization Particle size distribution Scanning electron microscopy Particulate composites Volcanic rocks Clusters Pyroxenes Volcanoes Free energy Interdisciplinary research Microscopy Petrology Interdisciplinary studies Minerals Iron Size distribution Dehydration Styles Micrometers Michihiko Nakamura oth Akira Miyake oth Enthalten in American mineralogist Washington, DC [u.a.] : Soc., 1916 102(2017), 12, Seite 2367-2380 (DE-627)129081795 (DE-600)3514-2 (DE-576)014414716 0003-004X nnns volume:102 year:2017 number:12 pages:2367-2380 http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/am-2017-6052CCBYNCND Volltext http://www.degruyter.com/doi/10.2138/am-2017-6052CCBYNCND https://search.proquest.com/docview/1978463313 GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC SSG-OLC-CHE SSG-OLC-GEO SSG-OLC-PHA SSG-OLC-DE-84 SSG-OPC-GGO GBV_ILN_21 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_188 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4323 38.30 AVZ AR 102 2017 12 2367-2380 |
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10.2138/am-2017-6052CCBYNCND doi PQ20171228 (DE-627)OLC1999261720 (DE-599)GBVOLC1999261720 (PRQ)p907-ab67715861b9c952b69b66dd012eed1ba721fbe8745b7ca8ea98907b08af69740 (KEY)0120180820170000102001202367eruptionstyleandcrystalsizedistributionscrystalliz DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 550 540 DNB 38.30 bkl Mayumi Mujin verfasserin aut Eruption style and crystal size distributions: Crystallization of groundmass nanolites in the 2011 Shinmoedake eruption 2017 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier Crystallization of groundmass minerals may record the physicochemical conditions of magmatic processes upon eruption and is thus a topic of interdisciplinary research in the disciplines of mineralogy, petrology, and volcanology. Recent studies have reported that the groundmass crystals of some volcanic rocks exhibit a break in their crystal size distribution (CSD) slopes that range from a few micrometers to hundreds of nanometers. The crystals consisting of the finer parts of the break were defined as nanolites. In this study, we report the presence of nanometer-scale crystals down to 1 nm in the pyroclasts of the 2011 eruption of Shinmoedake, the Kirishima volcano group, based on field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). We discovered a gap (hiatus) from ~100 to ~30 nm in the size distribution of pyroxene in a dense juvenile fragment of a vulcanian explosion. The pyroxene crystals ~20–30 nm on a diameter were ferroaugite ( 2/ ), while those a few hundred nanometers in width had a composite structure consisting of the domains of orthopyroxene ( ), augite ( 2/ ), and sub-calcic augite ( 2/ ). In high-angle annular dark-field scanning TEM images of the same sample, bright spots ~1–2 nm in diameter were recognized with a gap in size from ~10–20 nm titanomagnetite ( ). They are presumed to have Fe-rich compositions, although their phases were too small to be determined. In addition, we found that crystals smaller than a few tens of nanometers for pyroxene and 100 nm for plagioclase did not exist or their number densities were too low for accurate determination. This indicates that there are practical minimum sizes of the crystals. These observations show that nucleation of the nanoscale crystals almost paused (froze) in the late stage of groundmass crystallization, possibly due to a decrease in undercooling, increase in interfacial free energy, and decrease in diffusivity in a dehydrated melt, whereas crystal growth was mostly continuous. In this paper, we introduce the novel term “ultrananolite,” to refer to crystals smaller than 30 nm in diameter, and redefine “nanolite” simply as those 30 nm to 1 µm in width, complementing the size interval of crystals in volcanic groundmass smaller than microlites (1–30 μm). In the transient nucleation process, the presence of subcritical size clusters is required. The observed ultrananolite-sized particles might partly include subcritical clusters. The difference in the slope of CSDs, presence of gaps in size distribution, and minimum crystal size among the eruption styles of the 2011 Shinmoedake eruption may be interpreted by considering the difference in magma residence time and fragmentation pressure in the shallow conduit, and possibly the rewelding process in the crater. nanolite Microlite vulcanian explosion transient nucleation crystal size distribution Rates and Depths of Magma Ascent on Earth ultrananolite Supercooling Crystal growth Field emission Transmission electron microscopy Mineralogy Crystals Plagioclase Volcanology Nucleation Bright spots Volcanic activity Break in Magma Electron microscopy Crystallization Particle size distribution Scanning electron microscopy Particulate composites Volcanic rocks Clusters Pyroxenes Volcanoes Free energy Interdisciplinary research Microscopy Petrology Interdisciplinary studies Minerals Iron Size distribution Dehydration Styles Micrometers Michihiko Nakamura oth Akira Miyake oth Enthalten in American mineralogist Washington, DC [u.a.] : Soc., 1916 102(2017), 12, Seite 2367-2380 (DE-627)129081795 (DE-600)3514-2 (DE-576)014414716 0003-004X nnns volume:102 year:2017 number:12 pages:2367-2380 http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/am-2017-6052CCBYNCND Volltext http://www.degruyter.com/doi/10.2138/am-2017-6052CCBYNCND https://search.proquest.com/docview/1978463313 GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC SSG-OLC-CHE SSG-OLC-GEO SSG-OLC-PHA SSG-OLC-DE-84 SSG-OPC-GGO GBV_ILN_21 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_188 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4323 38.30 AVZ AR 102 2017 12 2367-2380 |
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10.2138/am-2017-6052CCBYNCND doi PQ20171228 (DE-627)OLC1999261720 (DE-599)GBVOLC1999261720 (PRQ)p907-ab67715861b9c952b69b66dd012eed1ba721fbe8745b7ca8ea98907b08af69740 (KEY)0120180820170000102001202367eruptionstyleandcrystalsizedistributionscrystalliz DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 550 540 DNB 38.30 bkl Mayumi Mujin verfasserin aut Eruption style and crystal size distributions: Crystallization of groundmass nanolites in the 2011 Shinmoedake eruption 2017 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier Crystallization of groundmass minerals may record the physicochemical conditions of magmatic processes upon eruption and is thus a topic of interdisciplinary research in the disciplines of mineralogy, petrology, and volcanology. Recent studies have reported that the groundmass crystals of some volcanic rocks exhibit a break in their crystal size distribution (CSD) slopes that range from a few micrometers to hundreds of nanometers. The crystals consisting of the finer parts of the break were defined as nanolites. In this study, we report the presence of nanometer-scale crystals down to 1 nm in the pyroclasts of the 2011 eruption of Shinmoedake, the Kirishima volcano group, based on field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). We discovered a gap (hiatus) from ~100 to ~30 nm in the size distribution of pyroxene in a dense juvenile fragment of a vulcanian explosion. The pyroxene crystals ~20–30 nm on a diameter were ferroaugite ( 2/ ), while those a few hundred nanometers in width had a composite structure consisting of the domains of orthopyroxene ( ), augite ( 2/ ), and sub-calcic augite ( 2/ ). In high-angle annular dark-field scanning TEM images of the same sample, bright spots ~1–2 nm in diameter were recognized with a gap in size from ~10–20 nm titanomagnetite ( ). They are presumed to have Fe-rich compositions, although their phases were too small to be determined. In addition, we found that crystals smaller than a few tens of nanometers for pyroxene and 100 nm for plagioclase did not exist or their number densities were too low for accurate determination. This indicates that there are practical minimum sizes of the crystals. These observations show that nucleation of the nanoscale crystals almost paused (froze) in the late stage of groundmass crystallization, possibly due to a decrease in undercooling, increase in interfacial free energy, and decrease in diffusivity in a dehydrated melt, whereas crystal growth was mostly continuous. In this paper, we introduce the novel term “ultrananolite,” to refer to crystals smaller than 30 nm in diameter, and redefine “nanolite” simply as those 30 nm to 1 µm in width, complementing the size interval of crystals in volcanic groundmass smaller than microlites (1–30 μm). In the transient nucleation process, the presence of subcritical size clusters is required. The observed ultrananolite-sized particles might partly include subcritical clusters. The difference in the slope of CSDs, presence of gaps in size distribution, and minimum crystal size among the eruption styles of the 2011 Shinmoedake eruption may be interpreted by considering the difference in magma residence time and fragmentation pressure in the shallow conduit, and possibly the rewelding process in the crater. nanolite Microlite vulcanian explosion transient nucleation crystal size distribution Rates and Depths of Magma Ascent on Earth ultrananolite Supercooling Crystal growth Field emission Transmission electron microscopy Mineralogy Crystals Plagioclase Volcanology Nucleation Bright spots Volcanic activity Break in Magma Electron microscopy Crystallization Particle size distribution Scanning electron microscopy Particulate composites Volcanic rocks Clusters Pyroxenes Volcanoes Free energy Interdisciplinary research Microscopy Petrology Interdisciplinary studies Minerals Iron Size distribution Dehydration Styles Micrometers Michihiko Nakamura oth Akira Miyake oth Enthalten in American mineralogist Washington, DC [u.a.] : Soc., 1916 102(2017), 12, Seite 2367-2380 (DE-627)129081795 (DE-600)3514-2 (DE-576)014414716 0003-004X nnns volume:102 year:2017 number:12 pages:2367-2380 http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/am-2017-6052CCBYNCND Volltext http://www.degruyter.com/doi/10.2138/am-2017-6052CCBYNCND https://search.proquest.com/docview/1978463313 GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC SSG-OLC-CHE SSG-OLC-GEO SSG-OLC-PHA SSG-OLC-DE-84 SSG-OPC-GGO GBV_ILN_21 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_188 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4323 38.30 AVZ AR 102 2017 12 2367-2380 |
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10.2138/am-2017-6052CCBYNCND doi PQ20171228 (DE-627)OLC1999261720 (DE-599)GBVOLC1999261720 (PRQ)p907-ab67715861b9c952b69b66dd012eed1ba721fbe8745b7ca8ea98907b08af69740 (KEY)0120180820170000102001202367eruptionstyleandcrystalsizedistributionscrystalliz DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 550 540 DNB 38.30 bkl Mayumi Mujin verfasserin aut Eruption style and crystal size distributions: Crystallization of groundmass nanolites in the 2011 Shinmoedake eruption 2017 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier Crystallization of groundmass minerals may record the physicochemical conditions of magmatic processes upon eruption and is thus a topic of interdisciplinary research in the disciplines of mineralogy, petrology, and volcanology. Recent studies have reported that the groundmass crystals of some volcanic rocks exhibit a break in their crystal size distribution (CSD) slopes that range from a few micrometers to hundreds of nanometers. The crystals consisting of the finer parts of the break were defined as nanolites. In this study, we report the presence of nanometer-scale crystals down to 1 nm in the pyroclasts of the 2011 eruption of Shinmoedake, the Kirishima volcano group, based on field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). We discovered a gap (hiatus) from ~100 to ~30 nm in the size distribution of pyroxene in a dense juvenile fragment of a vulcanian explosion. The pyroxene crystals ~20–30 nm on a diameter were ferroaugite ( 2/ ), while those a few hundred nanometers in width had a composite structure consisting of the domains of orthopyroxene ( ), augite ( 2/ ), and sub-calcic augite ( 2/ ). In high-angle annular dark-field scanning TEM images of the same sample, bright spots ~1–2 nm in diameter were recognized with a gap in size from ~10–20 nm titanomagnetite ( ). They are presumed to have Fe-rich compositions, although their phases were too small to be determined. In addition, we found that crystals smaller than a few tens of nanometers for pyroxene and 100 nm for plagioclase did not exist or their number densities were too low for accurate determination. This indicates that there are practical minimum sizes of the crystals. These observations show that nucleation of the nanoscale crystals almost paused (froze) in the late stage of groundmass crystallization, possibly due to a decrease in undercooling, increase in interfacial free energy, and decrease in diffusivity in a dehydrated melt, whereas crystal growth was mostly continuous. In this paper, we introduce the novel term “ultrananolite,” to refer to crystals smaller than 30 nm in diameter, and redefine “nanolite” simply as those 30 nm to 1 µm in width, complementing the size interval of crystals in volcanic groundmass smaller than microlites (1–30 μm). In the transient nucleation process, the presence of subcritical size clusters is required. The observed ultrananolite-sized particles might partly include subcritical clusters. The difference in the slope of CSDs, presence of gaps in size distribution, and minimum crystal size among the eruption styles of the 2011 Shinmoedake eruption may be interpreted by considering the difference in magma residence time and fragmentation pressure in the shallow conduit, and possibly the rewelding process in the crater. nanolite Microlite vulcanian explosion transient nucleation crystal size distribution Rates and Depths of Magma Ascent on Earth ultrananolite Supercooling Crystal growth Field emission Transmission electron microscopy Mineralogy Crystals Plagioclase Volcanology Nucleation Bright spots Volcanic activity Break in Magma Electron microscopy Crystallization Particle size distribution Scanning electron microscopy Particulate composites Volcanic rocks Clusters Pyroxenes Volcanoes Free energy Interdisciplinary research Microscopy Petrology Interdisciplinary studies Minerals Iron Size distribution Dehydration Styles Micrometers Michihiko Nakamura oth Akira Miyake oth Enthalten in American mineralogist Washington, DC [u.a.] : Soc., 1916 102(2017), 12, Seite 2367-2380 (DE-627)129081795 (DE-600)3514-2 (DE-576)014414716 0003-004X nnns volume:102 year:2017 number:12 pages:2367-2380 http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/am-2017-6052CCBYNCND Volltext http://www.degruyter.com/doi/10.2138/am-2017-6052CCBYNCND https://search.proquest.com/docview/1978463313 GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC SSG-OLC-CHE SSG-OLC-GEO SSG-OLC-PHA SSG-OLC-DE-84 SSG-OPC-GGO GBV_ILN_21 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_188 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4112 GBV_ILN_4323 38.30 AVZ AR 102 2017 12 2367-2380 |
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Mayumi Mujin ddc 550 bkl 38.30 misc nanolite misc Microlite misc vulcanian explosion misc transient nucleation misc crystal size distribution misc Rates and Depths of Magma Ascent on Earth misc ultrananolite misc Supercooling misc Crystal growth misc Field emission misc Transmission electron microscopy misc Mineralogy misc Crystals misc Plagioclase misc Volcanology misc Nucleation misc Bright spots misc Volcanic activity misc Break in misc Magma misc Electron microscopy misc Crystallization misc Particle size distribution misc Scanning electron microscopy misc Particulate composites misc Volcanic rocks misc Clusters misc Pyroxenes misc Volcanoes misc Free energy misc Interdisciplinary research misc Microscopy misc Petrology misc Interdisciplinary studies misc Minerals misc Iron misc Size distribution misc Dehydration misc Styles misc Micrometers Eruption style and crystal size distributions: Crystallization of groundmass nanolites in the 2011 Shinmoedake eruption |
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550 540 DNB 38.30 bkl Eruption style and crystal size distributions: Crystallization of groundmass nanolites in the 2011 Shinmoedake eruption nanolite Microlite vulcanian explosion transient nucleation crystal size distribution Rates and Depths of Magma Ascent on Earth ultrananolite Supercooling Crystal growth Field emission Transmission electron microscopy Mineralogy Crystals Plagioclase Volcanology Nucleation Bright spots Volcanic activity Break in Magma Electron microscopy Crystallization Particle size distribution Scanning electron microscopy Particulate composites Volcanic rocks Clusters Pyroxenes Volcanoes Free energy Interdisciplinary research Microscopy Petrology Interdisciplinary studies Minerals Iron Size distribution Dehydration Styles Micrometers |
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ddc 550 bkl 38.30 misc nanolite misc Microlite misc vulcanian explosion misc transient nucleation misc crystal size distribution misc Rates and Depths of Magma Ascent on Earth misc ultrananolite misc Supercooling misc Crystal growth misc Field emission misc Transmission electron microscopy misc Mineralogy misc Crystals misc Plagioclase misc Volcanology misc Nucleation misc Bright spots misc Volcanic activity misc Break in misc Magma misc Electron microscopy misc Crystallization misc Particle size distribution misc Scanning electron microscopy misc Particulate composites misc Volcanic rocks misc Clusters misc Pyroxenes misc Volcanoes misc Free energy misc Interdisciplinary research misc Microscopy misc Petrology misc Interdisciplinary studies misc Minerals misc Iron misc Size distribution misc Dehydration misc Styles misc Micrometers |
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ddc 550 bkl 38.30 misc nanolite misc Microlite misc vulcanian explosion misc transient nucleation misc crystal size distribution misc Rates and Depths of Magma Ascent on Earth misc ultrananolite misc Supercooling misc Crystal growth misc Field emission misc Transmission electron microscopy misc Mineralogy misc Crystals misc Plagioclase misc Volcanology misc Nucleation misc Bright spots misc Volcanic activity misc Break in misc Magma misc Electron microscopy misc Crystallization misc Particle size distribution misc Scanning electron microscopy misc Particulate composites misc Volcanic rocks misc Clusters misc Pyroxenes misc Volcanoes misc Free energy misc Interdisciplinary research misc Microscopy misc Petrology misc Interdisciplinary studies misc Minerals misc Iron misc Size distribution misc Dehydration misc Styles misc Micrometers |
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ddc 550 bkl 38.30 misc nanolite misc Microlite misc vulcanian explosion misc transient nucleation misc crystal size distribution misc Rates and Depths of Magma Ascent on Earth misc ultrananolite misc Supercooling misc Crystal growth misc Field emission misc Transmission electron microscopy misc Mineralogy misc Crystals misc Plagioclase misc Volcanology misc Nucleation misc Bright spots misc Volcanic activity misc Break in misc Magma misc Electron microscopy misc Crystallization misc Particle size distribution misc Scanning electron microscopy misc Particulate composites misc Volcanic rocks misc Clusters misc Pyroxenes misc Volcanoes misc Free energy misc Interdisciplinary research misc Microscopy misc Petrology misc Interdisciplinary studies misc Minerals misc Iron misc Size distribution misc Dehydration misc Styles misc Micrometers |
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Eruption style and crystal size distributions: Crystallization of groundmass nanolites in the 2011 Shinmoedake eruption |
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Eruption style and crystal size distributions: Crystallization of groundmass nanolites in the 2011 Shinmoedake eruption |
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Mayumi Mujin |
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eruption style and crystal size distributions: crystallization of groundmass nanolites in the 2011 shinmoedake eruption |
| title_auth |
Eruption style and crystal size distributions: Crystallization of groundmass nanolites in the 2011 Shinmoedake eruption |
| abstract |
Crystallization of groundmass minerals may record the physicochemical conditions of magmatic processes upon eruption and is thus a topic of interdisciplinary research in the disciplines of mineralogy, petrology, and volcanology. Recent studies have reported that the groundmass crystals of some volcanic rocks exhibit a break in their crystal size distribution (CSD) slopes that range from a few micrometers to hundreds of nanometers. The crystals consisting of the finer parts of the break were defined as nanolites. In this study, we report the presence of nanometer-scale crystals down to 1 nm in the pyroclasts of the 2011 eruption of Shinmoedake, the Kirishima volcano group, based on field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). We discovered a gap (hiatus) from ~100 to ~30 nm in the size distribution of pyroxene in a dense juvenile fragment of a vulcanian explosion. The pyroxene crystals ~20–30 nm on a diameter were ferroaugite ( 2/ ), while those a few hundred nanometers in width had a composite structure consisting of the domains of orthopyroxene ( ), augite ( 2/ ), and sub-calcic augite ( 2/ ). In high-angle annular dark-field scanning TEM images of the same sample, bright spots ~1–2 nm in diameter were recognized with a gap in size from ~10–20 nm titanomagnetite ( ). They are presumed to have Fe-rich compositions, although their phases were too small to be determined. In addition, we found that crystals smaller than a few tens of nanometers for pyroxene and 100 nm for plagioclase did not exist or their number densities were too low for accurate determination. This indicates that there are practical minimum sizes of the crystals. These observations show that nucleation of the nanoscale crystals almost paused (froze) in the late stage of groundmass crystallization, possibly due to a decrease in undercooling, increase in interfacial free energy, and decrease in diffusivity in a dehydrated melt, whereas crystal growth was mostly continuous. In this paper, we introduce the novel term “ultrananolite,” to refer to crystals smaller than 30 nm in diameter, and redefine “nanolite” simply as those 30 nm to 1 µm in width, complementing the size interval of crystals in volcanic groundmass smaller than microlites (1–30 μm). In the transient nucleation process, the presence of subcritical size clusters is required. The observed ultrananolite-sized particles might partly include subcritical clusters. The difference in the slope of CSDs, presence of gaps in size distribution, and minimum crystal size among the eruption styles of the 2011 Shinmoedake eruption may be interpreted by considering the difference in magma residence time and fragmentation pressure in the shallow conduit, and possibly the rewelding process in the crater. |
| abstractGer |
Crystallization of groundmass minerals may record the physicochemical conditions of magmatic processes upon eruption and is thus a topic of interdisciplinary research in the disciplines of mineralogy, petrology, and volcanology. Recent studies have reported that the groundmass crystals of some volcanic rocks exhibit a break in their crystal size distribution (CSD) slopes that range from a few micrometers to hundreds of nanometers. The crystals consisting of the finer parts of the break were defined as nanolites. In this study, we report the presence of nanometer-scale crystals down to 1 nm in the pyroclasts of the 2011 eruption of Shinmoedake, the Kirishima volcano group, based on field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). We discovered a gap (hiatus) from ~100 to ~30 nm in the size distribution of pyroxene in a dense juvenile fragment of a vulcanian explosion. The pyroxene crystals ~20–30 nm on a diameter were ferroaugite ( 2/ ), while those a few hundred nanometers in width had a composite structure consisting of the domains of orthopyroxene ( ), augite ( 2/ ), and sub-calcic augite ( 2/ ). In high-angle annular dark-field scanning TEM images of the same sample, bright spots ~1–2 nm in diameter were recognized with a gap in size from ~10–20 nm titanomagnetite ( ). They are presumed to have Fe-rich compositions, although their phases were too small to be determined. In addition, we found that crystals smaller than a few tens of nanometers for pyroxene and 100 nm for plagioclase did not exist or their number densities were too low for accurate determination. This indicates that there are practical minimum sizes of the crystals. These observations show that nucleation of the nanoscale crystals almost paused (froze) in the late stage of groundmass crystallization, possibly due to a decrease in undercooling, increase in interfacial free energy, and decrease in diffusivity in a dehydrated melt, whereas crystal growth was mostly continuous. In this paper, we introduce the novel term “ultrananolite,” to refer to crystals smaller than 30 nm in diameter, and redefine “nanolite” simply as those 30 nm to 1 µm in width, complementing the size interval of crystals in volcanic groundmass smaller than microlites (1–30 μm). In the transient nucleation process, the presence of subcritical size clusters is required. The observed ultrananolite-sized particles might partly include subcritical clusters. The difference in the slope of CSDs, presence of gaps in size distribution, and minimum crystal size among the eruption styles of the 2011 Shinmoedake eruption may be interpreted by considering the difference in magma residence time and fragmentation pressure in the shallow conduit, and possibly the rewelding process in the crater. |
| abstract_unstemmed |
Crystallization of groundmass minerals may record the physicochemical conditions of magmatic processes upon eruption and is thus a topic of interdisciplinary research in the disciplines of mineralogy, petrology, and volcanology. Recent studies have reported that the groundmass crystals of some volcanic rocks exhibit a break in their crystal size distribution (CSD) slopes that range from a few micrometers to hundreds of nanometers. The crystals consisting of the finer parts of the break were defined as nanolites. In this study, we report the presence of nanometer-scale crystals down to 1 nm in the pyroclasts of the 2011 eruption of Shinmoedake, the Kirishima volcano group, based on field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). We discovered a gap (hiatus) from ~100 to ~30 nm in the size distribution of pyroxene in a dense juvenile fragment of a vulcanian explosion. The pyroxene crystals ~20–30 nm on a diameter were ferroaugite ( 2/ ), while those a few hundred nanometers in width had a composite structure consisting of the domains of orthopyroxene ( ), augite ( 2/ ), and sub-calcic augite ( 2/ ). In high-angle annular dark-field scanning TEM images of the same sample, bright spots ~1–2 nm in diameter were recognized with a gap in size from ~10–20 nm titanomagnetite ( ). They are presumed to have Fe-rich compositions, although their phases were too small to be determined. In addition, we found that crystals smaller than a few tens of nanometers for pyroxene and 100 nm for plagioclase did not exist or their number densities were too low for accurate determination. This indicates that there are practical minimum sizes of the crystals. These observations show that nucleation of the nanoscale crystals almost paused (froze) in the late stage of groundmass crystallization, possibly due to a decrease in undercooling, increase in interfacial free energy, and decrease in diffusivity in a dehydrated melt, whereas crystal growth was mostly continuous. In this paper, we introduce the novel term “ultrananolite,” to refer to crystals smaller than 30 nm in diameter, and redefine “nanolite” simply as those 30 nm to 1 µm in width, complementing the size interval of crystals in volcanic groundmass smaller than microlites (1–30 μm). In the transient nucleation process, the presence of subcritical size clusters is required. The observed ultrananolite-sized particles might partly include subcritical clusters. The difference in the slope of CSDs, presence of gaps in size distribution, and minimum crystal size among the eruption styles of the 2011 Shinmoedake eruption may be interpreted by considering the difference in magma residence time and fragmentation pressure in the shallow conduit, and possibly the rewelding process in the crater. |
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Eruption style and crystal size distributions: Crystallization of groundmass nanolites in the 2011 Shinmoedake eruption |
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http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/am-2017-6052CCBYNCND http://www.degruyter.com/doi/10.2138/am-2017-6052CCBYNCND https://search.proquest.com/docview/1978463313 |
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