Sulphidation of cobalt at high temperatures
Abstract The kinetics and mechanism of cobalt sulphidation have been studied as a function of temperature (773–1023 K) and sulphur partial pressure (1–104 Pa) by means of thermogravimetric, SEM and X-ray techniques, and also using inert-marker and ratio-tracer methods. It has been shown that the sul...
Ausführliche Beschreibung
Gespeichert in:
| Autor*in: |
Mrowec, S [verfasserIn] |
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| Format: |
Artikel |
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| Sprache: |
Englisch |
| Erschienen: |
1998 |
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| Schlagwörter: |
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| Anmerkung: |
© Chapman and Hall 1998 |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
Enthalten in: Journal of materials science - Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1966, 33(1998), 10 vom: Mai, Seite 2617-2628 |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:33 ; year:1998 ; number:10 ; month:05 ; pages:2617-2628 |
| Links: |
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| DOI / URN: |
10.1023/A:1004313504810 |
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OLC2046244435 |
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| 520 | |a Abstract The kinetics and mechanism of cobalt sulphidation have been studied as a function of temperature (773–1023 K) and sulphur partial pressure (1–104 Pa) by means of thermogravimetric, SEM and X-ray techniques, and also using inert-marker and ratio-tracer methods. It has been shown that the sulphidation process is diffusion controlled, the rate-determining step being the outward volume diffusion of cations. According to the phase diagram of the Co–S system, the sulphide scale on cobalt is heterogeneous. At sulphur pressures higher than the dissociation pressure of the CoS2 phase, the sulphidation rate is pressure independent, and at lower pressures it increases with rising pressure, in agreement with theoretical predictions. The apparent activation energy of sulphidation is considerably higher for multilayer than for double-layer scale formation, because the main part of multilayer scale is growing at the dissociation pressure of the CoS2 phase, which increases with increasing temperature. Over the whole temperature and pressure range studied, the rate of cobalt sulphidation is more than three orders of magnitude higher than the oxidation rate of this metal. Rapid degradation of cobalt in a sulphur atmosphere results mainly from a very high defect concentration in Co1-yS and Co9S8 sulphides, participating in comparable amounts in the scale formation on this metal at T>900 K. The only sulphide of cobalt in which the defect concentration may be very low is CoS2, the growth rate of this sulphide layer being more than two orders of magnitude lower than that of other cobalt sulphides. © 1998 Chapman & Hall | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Sulphide | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Cobalt | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Apparent Activation Energy | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Scale Formation | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Volume Diffusion | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Danielewski, M |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Wojtowicz, A |4 aut | |
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10.1023/A:1004313504810 doi (DE-627)OLC2046244435 (DE-He213)A:1004313504810-p DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 670 VZ Mrowec, S verfasserin aut Sulphidation of cobalt at high temperatures 1998 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier © Chapman and Hall 1998 Abstract The kinetics and mechanism of cobalt sulphidation have been studied as a function of temperature (773–1023 K) and sulphur partial pressure (1–104 Pa) by means of thermogravimetric, SEM and X-ray techniques, and also using inert-marker and ratio-tracer methods. It has been shown that the sulphidation process is diffusion controlled, the rate-determining step being the outward volume diffusion of cations. According to the phase diagram of the Co–S system, the sulphide scale on cobalt is heterogeneous. At sulphur pressures higher than the dissociation pressure of the CoS2 phase, the sulphidation rate is pressure independent, and at lower pressures it increases with rising pressure, in agreement with theoretical predictions. The apparent activation energy of sulphidation is considerably higher for multilayer than for double-layer scale formation, because the main part of multilayer scale is growing at the dissociation pressure of the CoS2 phase, which increases with increasing temperature. Over the whole temperature and pressure range studied, the rate of cobalt sulphidation is more than three orders of magnitude higher than the oxidation rate of this metal. Rapid degradation of cobalt in a sulphur atmosphere results mainly from a very high defect concentration in Co1-yS and Co9S8 sulphides, participating in comparable amounts in the scale formation on this metal at T>900 K. The only sulphide of cobalt in which the defect concentration may be very low is CoS2, the growth rate of this sulphide layer being more than two orders of magnitude lower than that of other cobalt sulphides. © 1998 Chapman & Hall Sulphide Cobalt Apparent Activation Energy Scale Formation Volume Diffusion Danielewski, M aut Wojtowicz, A aut Enthalten in Journal of materials science Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1966 33(1998), 10 vom: Mai, Seite 2617-2628 (DE-627)129546372 (DE-600)218324-9 (DE-576)014996774 0022-2461 nnns volume:33 year:1998 number:10 month:05 pages:2617-2628 https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1004313504810 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC SSG-OLC-TEC GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_30 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4316 GBV_ILN_4319 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 33 1998 10 05 2617-2628 |
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10.1023/A:1004313504810 doi (DE-627)OLC2046244435 (DE-He213)A:1004313504810-p DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 670 VZ Mrowec, S verfasserin aut Sulphidation of cobalt at high temperatures 1998 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier © Chapman and Hall 1998 Abstract The kinetics and mechanism of cobalt sulphidation have been studied as a function of temperature (773–1023 K) and sulphur partial pressure (1–104 Pa) by means of thermogravimetric, SEM and X-ray techniques, and also using inert-marker and ratio-tracer methods. It has been shown that the sulphidation process is diffusion controlled, the rate-determining step being the outward volume diffusion of cations. According to the phase diagram of the Co–S system, the sulphide scale on cobalt is heterogeneous. At sulphur pressures higher than the dissociation pressure of the CoS2 phase, the sulphidation rate is pressure independent, and at lower pressures it increases with rising pressure, in agreement with theoretical predictions. The apparent activation energy of sulphidation is considerably higher for multilayer than for double-layer scale formation, because the main part of multilayer scale is growing at the dissociation pressure of the CoS2 phase, which increases with increasing temperature. Over the whole temperature and pressure range studied, the rate of cobalt sulphidation is more than three orders of magnitude higher than the oxidation rate of this metal. Rapid degradation of cobalt in a sulphur atmosphere results mainly from a very high defect concentration in Co1-yS and Co9S8 sulphides, participating in comparable amounts in the scale formation on this metal at T>900 K. The only sulphide of cobalt in which the defect concentration may be very low is CoS2, the growth rate of this sulphide layer being more than two orders of magnitude lower than that of other cobalt sulphides. © 1998 Chapman & Hall Sulphide Cobalt Apparent Activation Energy Scale Formation Volume Diffusion Danielewski, M aut Wojtowicz, A aut Enthalten in Journal of materials science Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1966 33(1998), 10 vom: Mai, Seite 2617-2628 (DE-627)129546372 (DE-600)218324-9 (DE-576)014996774 0022-2461 nnns volume:33 year:1998 number:10 month:05 pages:2617-2628 https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1004313504810 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC SSG-OLC-TEC GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_30 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4316 GBV_ILN_4319 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 33 1998 10 05 2617-2628 |
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10.1023/A:1004313504810 doi (DE-627)OLC2046244435 (DE-He213)A:1004313504810-p DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 670 VZ Mrowec, S verfasserin aut Sulphidation of cobalt at high temperatures 1998 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier © Chapman and Hall 1998 Abstract The kinetics and mechanism of cobalt sulphidation have been studied as a function of temperature (773–1023 K) and sulphur partial pressure (1–104 Pa) by means of thermogravimetric, SEM and X-ray techniques, and also using inert-marker and ratio-tracer methods. It has been shown that the sulphidation process is diffusion controlled, the rate-determining step being the outward volume diffusion of cations. According to the phase diagram of the Co–S system, the sulphide scale on cobalt is heterogeneous. At sulphur pressures higher than the dissociation pressure of the CoS2 phase, the sulphidation rate is pressure independent, and at lower pressures it increases with rising pressure, in agreement with theoretical predictions. The apparent activation energy of sulphidation is considerably higher for multilayer than for double-layer scale formation, because the main part of multilayer scale is growing at the dissociation pressure of the CoS2 phase, which increases with increasing temperature. Over the whole temperature and pressure range studied, the rate of cobalt sulphidation is more than three orders of magnitude higher than the oxidation rate of this metal. Rapid degradation of cobalt in a sulphur atmosphere results mainly from a very high defect concentration in Co1-yS and Co9S8 sulphides, participating in comparable amounts in the scale formation on this metal at T>900 K. The only sulphide of cobalt in which the defect concentration may be very low is CoS2, the growth rate of this sulphide layer being more than two orders of magnitude lower than that of other cobalt sulphides. © 1998 Chapman & Hall Sulphide Cobalt Apparent Activation Energy Scale Formation Volume Diffusion Danielewski, M aut Wojtowicz, A aut Enthalten in Journal of materials science Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1966 33(1998), 10 vom: Mai, Seite 2617-2628 (DE-627)129546372 (DE-600)218324-9 (DE-576)014996774 0022-2461 nnns volume:33 year:1998 number:10 month:05 pages:2617-2628 https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1004313504810 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC SSG-OLC-TEC GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_30 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4316 GBV_ILN_4319 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 33 1998 10 05 2617-2628 |
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10.1023/A:1004313504810 doi (DE-627)OLC2046244435 (DE-He213)A:1004313504810-p DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 670 VZ Mrowec, S verfasserin aut Sulphidation of cobalt at high temperatures 1998 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier © Chapman and Hall 1998 Abstract The kinetics and mechanism of cobalt sulphidation have been studied as a function of temperature (773–1023 K) and sulphur partial pressure (1–104 Pa) by means of thermogravimetric, SEM and X-ray techniques, and also using inert-marker and ratio-tracer methods. It has been shown that the sulphidation process is diffusion controlled, the rate-determining step being the outward volume diffusion of cations. According to the phase diagram of the Co–S system, the sulphide scale on cobalt is heterogeneous. At sulphur pressures higher than the dissociation pressure of the CoS2 phase, the sulphidation rate is pressure independent, and at lower pressures it increases with rising pressure, in agreement with theoretical predictions. The apparent activation energy of sulphidation is considerably higher for multilayer than for double-layer scale formation, because the main part of multilayer scale is growing at the dissociation pressure of the CoS2 phase, which increases with increasing temperature. Over the whole temperature and pressure range studied, the rate of cobalt sulphidation is more than three orders of magnitude higher than the oxidation rate of this metal. Rapid degradation of cobalt in a sulphur atmosphere results mainly from a very high defect concentration in Co1-yS and Co9S8 sulphides, participating in comparable amounts in the scale formation on this metal at T>900 K. The only sulphide of cobalt in which the defect concentration may be very low is CoS2, the growth rate of this sulphide layer being more than two orders of magnitude lower than that of other cobalt sulphides. © 1998 Chapman & Hall Sulphide Cobalt Apparent Activation Energy Scale Formation Volume Diffusion Danielewski, M aut Wojtowicz, A aut Enthalten in Journal of materials science Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1966 33(1998), 10 vom: Mai, Seite 2617-2628 (DE-627)129546372 (DE-600)218324-9 (DE-576)014996774 0022-2461 nnns volume:33 year:1998 number:10 month:05 pages:2617-2628 https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1004313504810 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC SSG-OLC-TEC GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_30 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4316 GBV_ILN_4319 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 33 1998 10 05 2617-2628 |
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10.1023/A:1004313504810 doi (DE-627)OLC2046244435 (DE-He213)A:1004313504810-p DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 670 VZ Mrowec, S verfasserin aut Sulphidation of cobalt at high temperatures 1998 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier © Chapman and Hall 1998 Abstract The kinetics and mechanism of cobalt sulphidation have been studied as a function of temperature (773–1023 K) and sulphur partial pressure (1–104 Pa) by means of thermogravimetric, SEM and X-ray techniques, and also using inert-marker and ratio-tracer methods. It has been shown that the sulphidation process is diffusion controlled, the rate-determining step being the outward volume diffusion of cations. According to the phase diagram of the Co–S system, the sulphide scale on cobalt is heterogeneous. At sulphur pressures higher than the dissociation pressure of the CoS2 phase, the sulphidation rate is pressure independent, and at lower pressures it increases with rising pressure, in agreement with theoretical predictions. The apparent activation energy of sulphidation is considerably higher for multilayer than for double-layer scale formation, because the main part of multilayer scale is growing at the dissociation pressure of the CoS2 phase, which increases with increasing temperature. Over the whole temperature and pressure range studied, the rate of cobalt sulphidation is more than three orders of magnitude higher than the oxidation rate of this metal. Rapid degradation of cobalt in a sulphur atmosphere results mainly from a very high defect concentration in Co1-yS and Co9S8 sulphides, participating in comparable amounts in the scale formation on this metal at T>900 K. The only sulphide of cobalt in which the defect concentration may be very low is CoS2, the growth rate of this sulphide layer being more than two orders of magnitude lower than that of other cobalt sulphides. © 1998 Chapman & Hall Sulphide Cobalt Apparent Activation Energy Scale Formation Volume Diffusion Danielewski, M aut Wojtowicz, A aut Enthalten in Journal of materials science Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1966 33(1998), 10 vom: Mai, Seite 2617-2628 (DE-627)129546372 (DE-600)218324-9 (DE-576)014996774 0022-2461 nnns volume:33 year:1998 number:10 month:05 pages:2617-2628 https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1004313504810 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC SSG-OLC-TEC GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_23 GBV_ILN_30 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_4305 GBV_ILN_4306 GBV_ILN_4316 GBV_ILN_4319 GBV_ILN_4323 GBV_ILN_4700 AR 33 1998 10 05 2617-2628 |
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Enthalten in Journal of materials science 33(1998), 10 vom: Mai, Seite 2617-2628 volume:33 year:1998 number:10 month:05 pages:2617-2628 |
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It has been shown that the sulphidation process is diffusion controlled, the rate-determining step being the outward volume diffusion of cations. According to the phase diagram of the Co–S system, the sulphide scale on cobalt is heterogeneous. At sulphur pressures higher than the dissociation pressure of the CoS2 phase, the sulphidation rate is pressure independent, and at lower pressures it increases with rising pressure, in agreement with theoretical predictions. The apparent activation energy of sulphidation is considerably higher for multilayer than for double-layer scale formation, because the main part of multilayer scale is growing at the dissociation pressure of the CoS2 phase, which increases with increasing temperature. Over the whole temperature and pressure range studied, the rate of cobalt sulphidation is more than three orders of magnitude higher than the oxidation rate of this metal. 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sulphidation of cobalt at high temperatures |
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Abstract The kinetics and mechanism of cobalt sulphidation have been studied as a function of temperature (773–1023 K) and sulphur partial pressure (1–104 Pa) by means of thermogravimetric, SEM and X-ray techniques, and also using inert-marker and ratio-tracer methods. It has been shown that the sulphidation process is diffusion controlled, the rate-determining step being the outward volume diffusion of cations. According to the phase diagram of the Co–S system, the sulphide scale on cobalt is heterogeneous. At sulphur pressures higher than the dissociation pressure of the CoS2 phase, the sulphidation rate is pressure independent, and at lower pressures it increases with rising pressure, in agreement with theoretical predictions. The apparent activation energy of sulphidation is considerably higher for multilayer than for double-layer scale formation, because the main part of multilayer scale is growing at the dissociation pressure of the CoS2 phase, which increases with increasing temperature. Over the whole temperature and pressure range studied, the rate of cobalt sulphidation is more than three orders of magnitude higher than the oxidation rate of this metal. Rapid degradation of cobalt in a sulphur atmosphere results mainly from a very high defect concentration in Co1-yS and Co9S8 sulphides, participating in comparable amounts in the scale formation on this metal at T>900 K. The only sulphide of cobalt in which the defect concentration may be very low is CoS2, the growth rate of this sulphide layer being more than two orders of magnitude lower than that of other cobalt sulphides. © 1998 Chapman & Hall © Chapman and Hall 1998 |
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Abstract The kinetics and mechanism of cobalt sulphidation have been studied as a function of temperature (773–1023 K) and sulphur partial pressure (1–104 Pa) by means of thermogravimetric, SEM and X-ray techniques, and also using inert-marker and ratio-tracer methods. It has been shown that the sulphidation process is diffusion controlled, the rate-determining step being the outward volume diffusion of cations. According to the phase diagram of the Co–S system, the sulphide scale on cobalt is heterogeneous. At sulphur pressures higher than the dissociation pressure of the CoS2 phase, the sulphidation rate is pressure independent, and at lower pressures it increases with rising pressure, in agreement with theoretical predictions. The apparent activation energy of sulphidation is considerably higher for multilayer than for double-layer scale formation, because the main part of multilayer scale is growing at the dissociation pressure of the CoS2 phase, which increases with increasing temperature. Over the whole temperature and pressure range studied, the rate of cobalt sulphidation is more than three orders of magnitude higher than the oxidation rate of this metal. Rapid degradation of cobalt in a sulphur atmosphere results mainly from a very high defect concentration in Co1-yS and Co9S8 sulphides, participating in comparable amounts in the scale formation on this metal at T>900 K. The only sulphide of cobalt in which the defect concentration may be very low is CoS2, the growth rate of this sulphide layer being more than two orders of magnitude lower than that of other cobalt sulphides. © 1998 Chapman & Hall © Chapman and Hall 1998 |
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Abstract The kinetics and mechanism of cobalt sulphidation have been studied as a function of temperature (773–1023 K) and sulphur partial pressure (1–104 Pa) by means of thermogravimetric, SEM and X-ray techniques, and also using inert-marker and ratio-tracer methods. It has been shown that the sulphidation process is diffusion controlled, the rate-determining step being the outward volume diffusion of cations. According to the phase diagram of the Co–S system, the sulphide scale on cobalt is heterogeneous. At sulphur pressures higher than the dissociation pressure of the CoS2 phase, the sulphidation rate is pressure independent, and at lower pressures it increases with rising pressure, in agreement with theoretical predictions. The apparent activation energy of sulphidation is considerably higher for multilayer than for double-layer scale formation, because the main part of multilayer scale is growing at the dissociation pressure of the CoS2 phase, which increases with increasing temperature. Over the whole temperature and pressure range studied, the rate of cobalt sulphidation is more than three orders of magnitude higher than the oxidation rate of this metal. Rapid degradation of cobalt in a sulphur atmosphere results mainly from a very high defect concentration in Co1-yS and Co9S8 sulphides, participating in comparable amounts in the scale formation on this metal at T>900 K. The only sulphide of cobalt in which the defect concentration may be very low is CoS2, the growth rate of this sulphide layer being more than two orders of magnitude lower than that of other cobalt sulphides. © 1998 Chapman & Hall © Chapman and Hall 1998 |
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