Effect of aluminum diethylphosphinate on flame retardant and thermal properties of rigid polyurethane foam composites
Abstract Rigid polyurethane foam/aluminum diethylphosphinate (RUPF/ADP) composites were prepared by one-step water-blown method. Furthermore, scanning electron microscope (SEM), thermal conductivity meter, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), limiting oxygen index, Underwriters Laboratories vertical bu...
Ausführliche Beschreibung
Gespeichert in:
| Autor*in: |
Tang, Gang [verfasserIn] |
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| Format: |
Artikel |
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| Sprache: |
Englisch |
| Erschienen: |
2019 |
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| Schlagwörter: |
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| Anmerkung: |
© Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, Hungary 2019 |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
Enthalten in: Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry - Springer International Publishing, 1998, 140(2019), 2 vom: 30. Okt., Seite 625-636 |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:140 ; year:2019 ; number:2 ; day:30 ; month:10 ; pages:625-636 |
| Links: |
|---|
| DOI / URN: |
10.1007/s10973-019-08897-z |
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| 520 | |a Abstract Rigid polyurethane foam/aluminum diethylphosphinate (RUPF/ADP) composites were prepared by one-step water-blown method. Furthermore, scanning electron microscope (SEM), thermal conductivity meter, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), limiting oxygen index, Underwriters Laboratories vertical burning test (UL-94) and microsacle combustion calorimetry were applied to investigate thermal conductivity, thermal stability, flame retardancy and combustion behavior of RPUF/ADP composites. Thermogravimetric analysis–Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (TG–FTIR) was introduced to investigate gaseous products in degradation process of RPUF/ADP composites, while SEM and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were used to research char residue of the composites. It was confirmed that RPUF/ADP composites presented well cell structure with density of 53.1–59.0 kg $ m^{−3} $ and thermal conductivity of 0.0425–0.0468 W $ m^{−1} $ $ K^{−1} $, indicating excellent insulation performance of the composites. Flame retardant test showed that ADP significantly enhanced flame retardancy of RPUF/ADP composites, RPUF/ADP30 passed UL-94 V-1 rating with LOI of 23.0 vol%. MCC test showed that ADP could significantly decrease peak of heat release rate (PHPR) of RPUF/ADP composites. PHPR value of RPUF/ADP20 was decreased to 158 W $ g^{−1} $, which was 21.8% reduced compared with that of pure RPUF. TG–FTIR test revealed that the addition of ADP promoted the release of $ CO_{2} $, hydrocarbons and isocyanate compound in first-step degradation of RPUF matrix while inhibited the release of CO in second step degradation. Char residue analysis showed that the addition of ADP promoted polyurethane molecular chain to form aromatic and aromatic heterocyclic structure, enhancing strength and compactness of the char. This work associated a gas–solid flame retardancy mechanism with the incorporation of ADP, which presented an effective strategy for preparation of flame retardant RPUF composites. | ||
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10.1007/s10973-019-08897-z doi (DE-627)OLC204988205X (DE-He213)s10973-019-08897-z-p DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 660 VZ Tang, Gang verfasserin (orcid)0000-0003-2273-9183 aut Effect of aluminum diethylphosphinate on flame retardant and thermal properties of rigid polyurethane foam composites 2019 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier © Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, Hungary 2019 Abstract Rigid polyurethane foam/aluminum diethylphosphinate (RUPF/ADP) composites were prepared by one-step water-blown method. Furthermore, scanning electron microscope (SEM), thermal conductivity meter, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), limiting oxygen index, Underwriters Laboratories vertical burning test (UL-94) and microsacle combustion calorimetry were applied to investigate thermal conductivity, thermal stability, flame retardancy and combustion behavior of RPUF/ADP composites. Thermogravimetric analysis–Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (TG–FTIR) was introduced to investigate gaseous products in degradation process of RPUF/ADP composites, while SEM and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were used to research char residue of the composites. It was confirmed that RPUF/ADP composites presented well cell structure with density of 53.1–59.0 kg $ m^{−3} $ and thermal conductivity of 0.0425–0.0468 W $ m^{−1} $ $ K^{−1} $, indicating excellent insulation performance of the composites. Flame retardant test showed that ADP significantly enhanced flame retardancy of RPUF/ADP composites, RPUF/ADP30 passed UL-94 V-1 rating with LOI of 23.0 vol%. MCC test showed that ADP could significantly decrease peak of heat release rate (PHPR) of RPUF/ADP composites. PHPR value of RPUF/ADP20 was decreased to 158 W $ g^{−1} $, which was 21.8% reduced compared with that of pure RPUF. TG–FTIR test revealed that the addition of ADP promoted the release of $ CO_{2} $, hydrocarbons and isocyanate compound in first-step degradation of RPUF matrix while inhibited the release of CO in second step degradation. Char residue analysis showed that the addition of ADP promoted polyurethane molecular chain to form aromatic and aromatic heterocyclic structure, enhancing strength and compactness of the char. This work associated a gas–solid flame retardancy mechanism with the incorporation of ADP, which presented an effective strategy for preparation of flame retardant RPUF composites. Rigid polyurethane foam Flame retardant Composites Thermal properties Zhou, Lin aut Zhang, Ping aut Han, Zhongqiang aut Chen, Depeng aut Liu, Xiuyu aut Zhou, Zijian aut Enthalten in Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry Springer International Publishing, 1998 140(2019), 2 vom: 30. Okt., Seite 625-636 (DE-627)244148767 (DE-600)1429493-X (DE-576)066397693 1388-6150 nnns volume:140 year:2019 number:2 day:30 month:10 pages:625-636 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-019-08897-z lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC SSG-OLC-TEC SSG-OLC-CHE GBV_ILN_70 AR 140 2019 2 30 10 625-636 |
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10.1007/s10973-019-08897-z doi (DE-627)OLC204988205X (DE-He213)s10973-019-08897-z-p DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 660 VZ Tang, Gang verfasserin (orcid)0000-0003-2273-9183 aut Effect of aluminum diethylphosphinate on flame retardant and thermal properties of rigid polyurethane foam composites 2019 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier © Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, Hungary 2019 Abstract Rigid polyurethane foam/aluminum diethylphosphinate (RUPF/ADP) composites were prepared by one-step water-blown method. Furthermore, scanning electron microscope (SEM), thermal conductivity meter, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), limiting oxygen index, Underwriters Laboratories vertical burning test (UL-94) and microsacle combustion calorimetry were applied to investigate thermal conductivity, thermal stability, flame retardancy and combustion behavior of RPUF/ADP composites. Thermogravimetric analysis–Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (TG–FTIR) was introduced to investigate gaseous products in degradation process of RPUF/ADP composites, while SEM and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were used to research char residue of the composites. It was confirmed that RPUF/ADP composites presented well cell structure with density of 53.1–59.0 kg $ m^{−3} $ and thermal conductivity of 0.0425–0.0468 W $ m^{−1} $ $ K^{−1} $, indicating excellent insulation performance of the composites. Flame retardant test showed that ADP significantly enhanced flame retardancy of RPUF/ADP composites, RPUF/ADP30 passed UL-94 V-1 rating with LOI of 23.0 vol%. MCC test showed that ADP could significantly decrease peak of heat release rate (PHPR) of RPUF/ADP composites. PHPR value of RPUF/ADP20 was decreased to 158 W $ g^{−1} $, which was 21.8% reduced compared with that of pure RPUF. TG–FTIR test revealed that the addition of ADP promoted the release of $ CO_{2} $, hydrocarbons and isocyanate compound in first-step degradation of RPUF matrix while inhibited the release of CO in second step degradation. Char residue analysis showed that the addition of ADP promoted polyurethane molecular chain to form aromatic and aromatic heterocyclic structure, enhancing strength and compactness of the char. This work associated a gas–solid flame retardancy mechanism with the incorporation of ADP, which presented an effective strategy for preparation of flame retardant RPUF composites. Rigid polyurethane foam Flame retardant Composites Thermal properties Zhou, Lin aut Zhang, Ping aut Han, Zhongqiang aut Chen, Depeng aut Liu, Xiuyu aut Zhou, Zijian aut Enthalten in Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry Springer International Publishing, 1998 140(2019), 2 vom: 30. Okt., Seite 625-636 (DE-627)244148767 (DE-600)1429493-X (DE-576)066397693 1388-6150 nnns volume:140 year:2019 number:2 day:30 month:10 pages:625-636 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-019-08897-z lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC SSG-OLC-TEC SSG-OLC-CHE GBV_ILN_70 AR 140 2019 2 30 10 625-636 |
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10.1007/s10973-019-08897-z doi (DE-627)OLC204988205X (DE-He213)s10973-019-08897-z-p DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 660 VZ Tang, Gang verfasserin (orcid)0000-0003-2273-9183 aut Effect of aluminum diethylphosphinate on flame retardant and thermal properties of rigid polyurethane foam composites 2019 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier © Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, Hungary 2019 Abstract Rigid polyurethane foam/aluminum diethylphosphinate (RUPF/ADP) composites were prepared by one-step water-blown method. Furthermore, scanning electron microscope (SEM), thermal conductivity meter, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), limiting oxygen index, Underwriters Laboratories vertical burning test (UL-94) and microsacle combustion calorimetry were applied to investigate thermal conductivity, thermal stability, flame retardancy and combustion behavior of RPUF/ADP composites. Thermogravimetric analysis–Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (TG–FTIR) was introduced to investigate gaseous products in degradation process of RPUF/ADP composites, while SEM and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were used to research char residue of the composites. It was confirmed that RPUF/ADP composites presented well cell structure with density of 53.1–59.0 kg $ m^{−3} $ and thermal conductivity of 0.0425–0.0468 W $ m^{−1} $ $ K^{−1} $, indicating excellent insulation performance of the composites. Flame retardant test showed that ADP significantly enhanced flame retardancy of RPUF/ADP composites, RPUF/ADP30 passed UL-94 V-1 rating with LOI of 23.0 vol%. MCC test showed that ADP could significantly decrease peak of heat release rate (PHPR) of RPUF/ADP composites. PHPR value of RPUF/ADP20 was decreased to 158 W $ g^{−1} $, which was 21.8% reduced compared with that of pure RPUF. TG–FTIR test revealed that the addition of ADP promoted the release of $ CO_{2} $, hydrocarbons and isocyanate compound in first-step degradation of RPUF matrix while inhibited the release of CO in second step degradation. Char residue analysis showed that the addition of ADP promoted polyurethane molecular chain to form aromatic and aromatic heterocyclic structure, enhancing strength and compactness of the char. This work associated a gas–solid flame retardancy mechanism with the incorporation of ADP, which presented an effective strategy for preparation of flame retardant RPUF composites. Rigid polyurethane foam Flame retardant Composites Thermal properties Zhou, Lin aut Zhang, Ping aut Han, Zhongqiang aut Chen, Depeng aut Liu, Xiuyu aut Zhou, Zijian aut Enthalten in Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry Springer International Publishing, 1998 140(2019), 2 vom: 30. Okt., Seite 625-636 (DE-627)244148767 (DE-600)1429493-X (DE-576)066397693 1388-6150 nnns volume:140 year:2019 number:2 day:30 month:10 pages:625-636 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-019-08897-z lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC SSG-OLC-TEC SSG-OLC-CHE GBV_ILN_70 AR 140 2019 2 30 10 625-636 |
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10.1007/s10973-019-08897-z doi (DE-627)OLC204988205X (DE-He213)s10973-019-08897-z-p DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 660 VZ Tang, Gang verfasserin (orcid)0000-0003-2273-9183 aut Effect of aluminum diethylphosphinate on flame retardant and thermal properties of rigid polyurethane foam composites 2019 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier © Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, Hungary 2019 Abstract Rigid polyurethane foam/aluminum diethylphosphinate (RUPF/ADP) composites were prepared by one-step water-blown method. Furthermore, scanning electron microscope (SEM), thermal conductivity meter, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), limiting oxygen index, Underwriters Laboratories vertical burning test (UL-94) and microsacle combustion calorimetry were applied to investigate thermal conductivity, thermal stability, flame retardancy and combustion behavior of RPUF/ADP composites. Thermogravimetric analysis–Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (TG–FTIR) was introduced to investigate gaseous products in degradation process of RPUF/ADP composites, while SEM and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were used to research char residue of the composites. It was confirmed that RPUF/ADP composites presented well cell structure with density of 53.1–59.0 kg $ m^{−3} $ and thermal conductivity of 0.0425–0.0468 W $ m^{−1} $ $ K^{−1} $, indicating excellent insulation performance of the composites. Flame retardant test showed that ADP significantly enhanced flame retardancy of RPUF/ADP composites, RPUF/ADP30 passed UL-94 V-1 rating with LOI of 23.0 vol%. MCC test showed that ADP could significantly decrease peak of heat release rate (PHPR) of RPUF/ADP composites. PHPR value of RPUF/ADP20 was decreased to 158 W $ g^{−1} $, which was 21.8% reduced compared with that of pure RPUF. TG–FTIR test revealed that the addition of ADP promoted the release of $ CO_{2} $, hydrocarbons and isocyanate compound in first-step degradation of RPUF matrix while inhibited the release of CO in second step degradation. Char residue analysis showed that the addition of ADP promoted polyurethane molecular chain to form aromatic and aromatic heterocyclic structure, enhancing strength and compactness of the char. This work associated a gas–solid flame retardancy mechanism with the incorporation of ADP, which presented an effective strategy for preparation of flame retardant RPUF composites. Rigid polyurethane foam Flame retardant Composites Thermal properties Zhou, Lin aut Zhang, Ping aut Han, Zhongqiang aut Chen, Depeng aut Liu, Xiuyu aut Zhou, Zijian aut Enthalten in Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry Springer International Publishing, 1998 140(2019), 2 vom: 30. Okt., Seite 625-636 (DE-627)244148767 (DE-600)1429493-X (DE-576)066397693 1388-6150 nnns volume:140 year:2019 number:2 day:30 month:10 pages:625-636 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-019-08897-z lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC SSG-OLC-TEC SSG-OLC-CHE GBV_ILN_70 AR 140 2019 2 30 10 625-636 |
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10.1007/s10973-019-08897-z doi (DE-627)OLC204988205X (DE-He213)s10973-019-08897-z-p DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 660 VZ Tang, Gang verfasserin (orcid)0000-0003-2273-9183 aut Effect of aluminum diethylphosphinate on flame retardant and thermal properties of rigid polyurethane foam composites 2019 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier © Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, Hungary 2019 Abstract Rigid polyurethane foam/aluminum diethylphosphinate (RUPF/ADP) composites were prepared by one-step water-blown method. Furthermore, scanning electron microscope (SEM), thermal conductivity meter, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), limiting oxygen index, Underwriters Laboratories vertical burning test (UL-94) and microsacle combustion calorimetry were applied to investigate thermal conductivity, thermal stability, flame retardancy and combustion behavior of RPUF/ADP composites. Thermogravimetric analysis–Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (TG–FTIR) was introduced to investigate gaseous products in degradation process of RPUF/ADP composites, while SEM and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were used to research char residue of the composites. It was confirmed that RPUF/ADP composites presented well cell structure with density of 53.1–59.0 kg $ m^{−3} $ and thermal conductivity of 0.0425–0.0468 W $ m^{−1} $ $ K^{−1} $, indicating excellent insulation performance of the composites. Flame retardant test showed that ADP significantly enhanced flame retardancy of RPUF/ADP composites, RPUF/ADP30 passed UL-94 V-1 rating with LOI of 23.0 vol%. MCC test showed that ADP could significantly decrease peak of heat release rate (PHPR) of RPUF/ADP composites. PHPR value of RPUF/ADP20 was decreased to 158 W $ g^{−1} $, which was 21.8% reduced compared with that of pure RPUF. TG–FTIR test revealed that the addition of ADP promoted the release of $ CO_{2} $, hydrocarbons and isocyanate compound in first-step degradation of RPUF matrix while inhibited the release of CO in second step degradation. Char residue analysis showed that the addition of ADP promoted polyurethane molecular chain to form aromatic and aromatic heterocyclic structure, enhancing strength and compactness of the char. This work associated a gas–solid flame retardancy mechanism with the incorporation of ADP, which presented an effective strategy for preparation of flame retardant RPUF composites. Rigid polyurethane foam Flame retardant Composites Thermal properties Zhou, Lin aut Zhang, Ping aut Han, Zhongqiang aut Chen, Depeng aut Liu, Xiuyu aut Zhou, Zijian aut Enthalten in Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry Springer International Publishing, 1998 140(2019), 2 vom: 30. Okt., Seite 625-636 (DE-627)244148767 (DE-600)1429493-X (DE-576)066397693 1388-6150 nnns volume:140 year:2019 number:2 day:30 month:10 pages:625-636 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-019-08897-z lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC SSG-OLC-TEC SSG-OLC-CHE GBV_ILN_70 AR 140 2019 2 30 10 625-636 |
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Tang, Gang ddc 660 misc Rigid polyurethane foam misc Flame retardant misc Composites misc Thermal properties Effect of aluminum diethylphosphinate on flame retardant and thermal properties of rigid polyurethane foam composites |
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660 VZ Effect of aluminum diethylphosphinate on flame retardant and thermal properties of rigid polyurethane foam composites Rigid polyurethane foam Flame retardant Composites Thermal properties |
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effect of aluminum diethylphosphinate on flame retardant and thermal properties of rigid polyurethane foam composites |
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Effect of aluminum diethylphosphinate on flame retardant and thermal properties of rigid polyurethane foam composites |
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Abstract Rigid polyurethane foam/aluminum diethylphosphinate (RUPF/ADP) composites were prepared by one-step water-blown method. Furthermore, scanning electron microscope (SEM), thermal conductivity meter, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), limiting oxygen index, Underwriters Laboratories vertical burning test (UL-94) and microsacle combustion calorimetry were applied to investigate thermal conductivity, thermal stability, flame retardancy and combustion behavior of RPUF/ADP composites. Thermogravimetric analysis–Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (TG–FTIR) was introduced to investigate gaseous products in degradation process of RPUF/ADP composites, while SEM and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were used to research char residue of the composites. It was confirmed that RPUF/ADP composites presented well cell structure with density of 53.1–59.0 kg $ m^{−3} $ and thermal conductivity of 0.0425–0.0468 W $ m^{−1} $ $ K^{−1} $, indicating excellent insulation performance of the composites. Flame retardant test showed that ADP significantly enhanced flame retardancy of RPUF/ADP composites, RPUF/ADP30 passed UL-94 V-1 rating with LOI of 23.0 vol%. MCC test showed that ADP could significantly decrease peak of heat release rate (PHPR) of RPUF/ADP composites. PHPR value of RPUF/ADP20 was decreased to 158 W $ g^{−1} $, which was 21.8% reduced compared with that of pure RPUF. TG–FTIR test revealed that the addition of ADP promoted the release of $ CO_{2} $, hydrocarbons and isocyanate compound in first-step degradation of RPUF matrix while inhibited the release of CO in second step degradation. Char residue analysis showed that the addition of ADP promoted polyurethane molecular chain to form aromatic and aromatic heterocyclic structure, enhancing strength and compactness of the char. This work associated a gas–solid flame retardancy mechanism with the incorporation of ADP, which presented an effective strategy for preparation of flame retardant RPUF composites. © Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, Hungary 2019 |
| abstractGer |
Abstract Rigid polyurethane foam/aluminum diethylphosphinate (RUPF/ADP) composites were prepared by one-step water-blown method. Furthermore, scanning electron microscope (SEM), thermal conductivity meter, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), limiting oxygen index, Underwriters Laboratories vertical burning test (UL-94) and microsacle combustion calorimetry were applied to investigate thermal conductivity, thermal stability, flame retardancy and combustion behavior of RPUF/ADP composites. Thermogravimetric analysis–Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (TG–FTIR) was introduced to investigate gaseous products in degradation process of RPUF/ADP composites, while SEM and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were used to research char residue of the composites. It was confirmed that RPUF/ADP composites presented well cell structure with density of 53.1–59.0 kg $ m^{−3} $ and thermal conductivity of 0.0425–0.0468 W $ m^{−1} $ $ K^{−1} $, indicating excellent insulation performance of the composites. Flame retardant test showed that ADP significantly enhanced flame retardancy of RPUF/ADP composites, RPUF/ADP30 passed UL-94 V-1 rating with LOI of 23.0 vol%. MCC test showed that ADP could significantly decrease peak of heat release rate (PHPR) of RPUF/ADP composites. PHPR value of RPUF/ADP20 was decreased to 158 W $ g^{−1} $, which was 21.8% reduced compared with that of pure RPUF. TG–FTIR test revealed that the addition of ADP promoted the release of $ CO_{2} $, hydrocarbons and isocyanate compound in first-step degradation of RPUF matrix while inhibited the release of CO in second step degradation. Char residue analysis showed that the addition of ADP promoted polyurethane molecular chain to form aromatic and aromatic heterocyclic structure, enhancing strength and compactness of the char. This work associated a gas–solid flame retardancy mechanism with the incorporation of ADP, which presented an effective strategy for preparation of flame retardant RPUF composites. © Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, Hungary 2019 |
| abstract_unstemmed |
Abstract Rigid polyurethane foam/aluminum diethylphosphinate (RUPF/ADP) composites were prepared by one-step water-blown method. Furthermore, scanning electron microscope (SEM), thermal conductivity meter, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), limiting oxygen index, Underwriters Laboratories vertical burning test (UL-94) and microsacle combustion calorimetry were applied to investigate thermal conductivity, thermal stability, flame retardancy and combustion behavior of RPUF/ADP composites. Thermogravimetric analysis–Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (TG–FTIR) was introduced to investigate gaseous products in degradation process of RPUF/ADP composites, while SEM and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy were used to research char residue of the composites. It was confirmed that RPUF/ADP composites presented well cell structure with density of 53.1–59.0 kg $ m^{−3} $ and thermal conductivity of 0.0425–0.0468 W $ m^{−1} $ $ K^{−1} $, indicating excellent insulation performance of the composites. Flame retardant test showed that ADP significantly enhanced flame retardancy of RPUF/ADP composites, RPUF/ADP30 passed UL-94 V-1 rating with LOI of 23.0 vol%. MCC test showed that ADP could significantly decrease peak of heat release rate (PHPR) of RPUF/ADP composites. PHPR value of RPUF/ADP20 was decreased to 158 W $ g^{−1} $, which was 21.8% reduced compared with that of pure RPUF. TG–FTIR test revealed that the addition of ADP promoted the release of $ CO_{2} $, hydrocarbons and isocyanate compound in first-step degradation of RPUF matrix while inhibited the release of CO in second step degradation. Char residue analysis showed that the addition of ADP promoted polyurethane molecular chain to form aromatic and aromatic heterocyclic structure, enhancing strength and compactness of the char. This work associated a gas–solid flame retardancy mechanism with the incorporation of ADP, which presented an effective strategy for preparation of flame retardant RPUF composites. © Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, Hungary 2019 |
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