Environmental assessment of air to water machines—triangulation to manage scope uncertainty
Purpose Devices that condense and disinfect water vapour to provide chilled drinking water in office environments, so-called ‘air water generators’ (AWGs), are being marketed as environmentally friendly alternatives to the traditional bottled water cooler. We sought to examine this claim. Methods Th...
Ausführliche Beschreibung
Gespeichert in:
| Autor*in: |
Peters, Greg M. [verfasserIn] |
|---|
| Format: |
Artikel |
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| Sprache: |
Englisch |
| Erschienen: |
2013 |
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| Schlagwörter: |
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| Anmerkung: |
© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2013 |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
Enthalten in: The international journal of life cycle assessment - Springer-Verlag, 1996, 18(2013), 5 vom: 27. März, Seite 1149-1157 |
|---|---|
| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:18 ; year:2013 ; number:5 ; day:27 ; month:03 ; pages:1149-1157 |
| Links: |
|---|
| DOI / URN: |
10.1007/s11367-013-0568-2 |
|---|
| Katalog-ID: |
OLC2051199051 |
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| 520 | |a Purpose Devices that condense and disinfect water vapour to provide chilled drinking water in office environments, so-called ‘air water generators’ (AWGs), are being marketed as environmentally friendly alternatives to the traditional bottled water cooler. We sought to examine this claim. Methods The approach adopted was a preliminary life cycle assessment with performance indicators for the use of energy and water and the emission of greenhouse gases. We compared an AWG with its main market competitor, the traditional bottled water cooler and a simple refrigerator containing a jug of water. Modelling was based on Australian conditions and energy supply. To manage possible scope uncertainty, we borrowed the idea of ‘triangulation’ as defined in the social sciences. Results and discussion We found that without a renewable energy supply, the claim of environmental superiority is not supported by quantitative analysis. For each indicator, the AWG's score was typically two to four times higher than the alternatives. Energy consumption was the key issue driving all three indicators. Conclusions Considering the principal environmental issues related to these systems, air-to-water machines significantly underperform bottled water coolers. A simple refrigerator has the capacity to perform multiple functions and therefore outperform both the bottled and atmospheric water options once allocation of burdens is considered. These conclusions are supported by all three perspectives examined to manage uncertainty. | ||
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10.1007/s11367-013-0568-2 doi (DE-627)OLC2051199051 (DE-He213)s11367-013-0568-2-p DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 650 330 333.7 VZ 690 VZ Peters, Greg M. verfasserin aut Environmental assessment of air to water machines—triangulation to manage scope uncertainty 2013 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2013 Purpose Devices that condense and disinfect water vapour to provide chilled drinking water in office environments, so-called ‘air water generators’ (AWGs), are being marketed as environmentally friendly alternatives to the traditional bottled water cooler. We sought to examine this claim. Methods The approach adopted was a preliminary life cycle assessment with performance indicators for the use of energy and water and the emission of greenhouse gases. We compared an AWG with its main market competitor, the traditional bottled water cooler and a simple refrigerator containing a jug of water. Modelling was based on Australian conditions and energy supply. To manage possible scope uncertainty, we borrowed the idea of ‘triangulation’ as defined in the social sciences. Results and discussion We found that without a renewable energy supply, the claim of environmental superiority is not supported by quantitative analysis. For each indicator, the AWG's score was typically two to four times higher than the alternatives. Energy consumption was the key issue driving all three indicators. Conclusions Considering the principal environmental issues related to these systems, air-to-water machines significantly underperform bottled water coolers. A simple refrigerator has the capacity to perform multiple functions and therefore outperform both the bottled and atmospheric water options once allocation of burdens is considered. These conclusions are supported by all three perspectives examined to manage uncertainty. Atmospheric water generator Bottled water cooler Carbon tax Simplified life cycle assessment Uncertainty analysis Blackburn, Naomi J. aut Armedion, Michael aut Enthalten in The international journal of life cycle assessment Springer-Verlag, 1996 18(2013), 5 vom: 27. März, Seite 1149-1157 (DE-627)211584533 (DE-600)1319419-7 (DE-576)059728728 0948-3349 nnns volume:18 year:2013 number:5 day:27 month:03 pages:1149-1157 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11367-013-0568-2 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC SSG-OLC-UMW SSG-OLC-ARC SSG-OLC-TEC SSG-OPC-FOR GBV_ILN_30 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_267 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2016 GBV_ILN_2018 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4046 AR 18 2013 5 27 03 1149-1157 |
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10.1007/s11367-013-0568-2 doi (DE-627)OLC2051199051 (DE-He213)s11367-013-0568-2-p DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 650 330 333.7 VZ 690 VZ Peters, Greg M. verfasserin aut Environmental assessment of air to water machines—triangulation to manage scope uncertainty 2013 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2013 Purpose Devices that condense and disinfect water vapour to provide chilled drinking water in office environments, so-called ‘air water generators’ (AWGs), are being marketed as environmentally friendly alternatives to the traditional bottled water cooler. We sought to examine this claim. Methods The approach adopted was a preliminary life cycle assessment with performance indicators for the use of energy and water and the emission of greenhouse gases. We compared an AWG with its main market competitor, the traditional bottled water cooler and a simple refrigerator containing a jug of water. Modelling was based on Australian conditions and energy supply. To manage possible scope uncertainty, we borrowed the idea of ‘triangulation’ as defined in the social sciences. Results and discussion We found that without a renewable energy supply, the claim of environmental superiority is not supported by quantitative analysis. For each indicator, the AWG's score was typically two to four times higher than the alternatives. Energy consumption was the key issue driving all three indicators. Conclusions Considering the principal environmental issues related to these systems, air-to-water machines significantly underperform bottled water coolers. A simple refrigerator has the capacity to perform multiple functions and therefore outperform both the bottled and atmospheric water options once allocation of burdens is considered. These conclusions are supported by all three perspectives examined to manage uncertainty. Atmospheric water generator Bottled water cooler Carbon tax Simplified life cycle assessment Uncertainty analysis Blackburn, Naomi J. aut Armedion, Michael aut Enthalten in The international journal of life cycle assessment Springer-Verlag, 1996 18(2013), 5 vom: 27. März, Seite 1149-1157 (DE-627)211584533 (DE-600)1319419-7 (DE-576)059728728 0948-3349 nnns volume:18 year:2013 number:5 day:27 month:03 pages:1149-1157 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11367-013-0568-2 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC SSG-OLC-UMW SSG-OLC-ARC SSG-OLC-TEC SSG-OPC-FOR GBV_ILN_30 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_267 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2016 GBV_ILN_2018 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4046 AR 18 2013 5 27 03 1149-1157 |
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10.1007/s11367-013-0568-2 doi (DE-627)OLC2051199051 (DE-He213)s11367-013-0568-2-p DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 650 330 333.7 VZ 690 VZ Peters, Greg M. verfasserin aut Environmental assessment of air to water machines—triangulation to manage scope uncertainty 2013 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2013 Purpose Devices that condense and disinfect water vapour to provide chilled drinking water in office environments, so-called ‘air water generators’ (AWGs), are being marketed as environmentally friendly alternatives to the traditional bottled water cooler. We sought to examine this claim. Methods The approach adopted was a preliminary life cycle assessment with performance indicators for the use of energy and water and the emission of greenhouse gases. We compared an AWG with its main market competitor, the traditional bottled water cooler and a simple refrigerator containing a jug of water. Modelling was based on Australian conditions and energy supply. To manage possible scope uncertainty, we borrowed the idea of ‘triangulation’ as defined in the social sciences. Results and discussion We found that without a renewable energy supply, the claim of environmental superiority is not supported by quantitative analysis. For each indicator, the AWG's score was typically two to four times higher than the alternatives. Energy consumption was the key issue driving all three indicators. Conclusions Considering the principal environmental issues related to these systems, air-to-water machines significantly underperform bottled water coolers. A simple refrigerator has the capacity to perform multiple functions and therefore outperform both the bottled and atmospheric water options once allocation of burdens is considered. These conclusions are supported by all three perspectives examined to manage uncertainty. Atmospheric water generator Bottled water cooler Carbon tax Simplified life cycle assessment Uncertainty analysis Blackburn, Naomi J. aut Armedion, Michael aut Enthalten in The international journal of life cycle assessment Springer-Verlag, 1996 18(2013), 5 vom: 27. März, Seite 1149-1157 (DE-627)211584533 (DE-600)1319419-7 (DE-576)059728728 0948-3349 nnns volume:18 year:2013 number:5 day:27 month:03 pages:1149-1157 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11367-013-0568-2 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC SSG-OLC-UMW SSG-OLC-ARC SSG-OLC-TEC SSG-OPC-FOR GBV_ILN_30 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_267 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2016 GBV_ILN_2018 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4046 AR 18 2013 5 27 03 1149-1157 |
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10.1007/s11367-013-0568-2 doi (DE-627)OLC2051199051 (DE-He213)s11367-013-0568-2-p DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 650 330 333.7 VZ 690 VZ Peters, Greg M. verfasserin aut Environmental assessment of air to water machines—triangulation to manage scope uncertainty 2013 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2013 Purpose Devices that condense and disinfect water vapour to provide chilled drinking water in office environments, so-called ‘air water generators’ (AWGs), are being marketed as environmentally friendly alternatives to the traditional bottled water cooler. We sought to examine this claim. Methods The approach adopted was a preliminary life cycle assessment with performance indicators for the use of energy and water and the emission of greenhouse gases. We compared an AWG with its main market competitor, the traditional bottled water cooler and a simple refrigerator containing a jug of water. Modelling was based on Australian conditions and energy supply. To manage possible scope uncertainty, we borrowed the idea of ‘triangulation’ as defined in the social sciences. Results and discussion We found that without a renewable energy supply, the claim of environmental superiority is not supported by quantitative analysis. For each indicator, the AWG's score was typically two to four times higher than the alternatives. Energy consumption was the key issue driving all three indicators. Conclusions Considering the principal environmental issues related to these systems, air-to-water machines significantly underperform bottled water coolers. A simple refrigerator has the capacity to perform multiple functions and therefore outperform both the bottled and atmospheric water options once allocation of burdens is considered. These conclusions are supported by all three perspectives examined to manage uncertainty. Atmospheric water generator Bottled water cooler Carbon tax Simplified life cycle assessment Uncertainty analysis Blackburn, Naomi J. aut Armedion, Michael aut Enthalten in The international journal of life cycle assessment Springer-Verlag, 1996 18(2013), 5 vom: 27. März, Seite 1149-1157 (DE-627)211584533 (DE-600)1319419-7 (DE-576)059728728 0948-3349 nnns volume:18 year:2013 number:5 day:27 month:03 pages:1149-1157 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11367-013-0568-2 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC SSG-OLC-UMW SSG-OLC-ARC SSG-OLC-TEC SSG-OPC-FOR GBV_ILN_30 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_267 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2016 GBV_ILN_2018 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4046 AR 18 2013 5 27 03 1149-1157 |
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Environmental assessment of air to water machines—triangulation to manage scope uncertainty |
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Environmental assessment of air to water machines—triangulation to manage scope uncertainty |
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Peters, Greg M. |
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Peters, Greg M. Blackburn, Naomi J. Armedion, Michael |
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Peters, Greg M. |
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environmental assessment of air to water machines—triangulation to manage scope uncertainty |
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Environmental assessment of air to water machines—triangulation to manage scope uncertainty |
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Purpose Devices that condense and disinfect water vapour to provide chilled drinking water in office environments, so-called ‘air water generators’ (AWGs), are being marketed as environmentally friendly alternatives to the traditional bottled water cooler. We sought to examine this claim. Methods The approach adopted was a preliminary life cycle assessment with performance indicators for the use of energy and water and the emission of greenhouse gases. We compared an AWG with its main market competitor, the traditional bottled water cooler and a simple refrigerator containing a jug of water. Modelling was based on Australian conditions and energy supply. To manage possible scope uncertainty, we borrowed the idea of ‘triangulation’ as defined in the social sciences. Results and discussion We found that without a renewable energy supply, the claim of environmental superiority is not supported by quantitative analysis. For each indicator, the AWG's score was typically two to four times higher than the alternatives. Energy consumption was the key issue driving all three indicators. Conclusions Considering the principal environmental issues related to these systems, air-to-water machines significantly underperform bottled water coolers. A simple refrigerator has the capacity to perform multiple functions and therefore outperform both the bottled and atmospheric water options once allocation of burdens is considered. These conclusions are supported by all three perspectives examined to manage uncertainty. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2013 |
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Purpose Devices that condense and disinfect water vapour to provide chilled drinking water in office environments, so-called ‘air water generators’ (AWGs), are being marketed as environmentally friendly alternatives to the traditional bottled water cooler. We sought to examine this claim. Methods The approach adopted was a preliminary life cycle assessment with performance indicators for the use of energy and water and the emission of greenhouse gases. We compared an AWG with its main market competitor, the traditional bottled water cooler and a simple refrigerator containing a jug of water. Modelling was based on Australian conditions and energy supply. To manage possible scope uncertainty, we borrowed the idea of ‘triangulation’ as defined in the social sciences. Results and discussion We found that without a renewable energy supply, the claim of environmental superiority is not supported by quantitative analysis. For each indicator, the AWG's score was typically two to four times higher than the alternatives. Energy consumption was the key issue driving all three indicators. Conclusions Considering the principal environmental issues related to these systems, air-to-water machines significantly underperform bottled water coolers. A simple refrigerator has the capacity to perform multiple functions and therefore outperform both the bottled and atmospheric water options once allocation of burdens is considered. These conclusions are supported by all three perspectives examined to manage uncertainty. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2013 |
| abstract_unstemmed |
Purpose Devices that condense and disinfect water vapour to provide chilled drinking water in office environments, so-called ‘air water generators’ (AWGs), are being marketed as environmentally friendly alternatives to the traditional bottled water cooler. We sought to examine this claim. Methods The approach adopted was a preliminary life cycle assessment with performance indicators for the use of energy and water and the emission of greenhouse gases. We compared an AWG with its main market competitor, the traditional bottled water cooler and a simple refrigerator containing a jug of water. Modelling was based on Australian conditions and energy supply. To manage possible scope uncertainty, we borrowed the idea of ‘triangulation’ as defined in the social sciences. Results and discussion We found that without a renewable energy supply, the claim of environmental superiority is not supported by quantitative analysis. For each indicator, the AWG's score was typically two to four times higher than the alternatives. Energy consumption was the key issue driving all three indicators. Conclusions Considering the principal environmental issues related to these systems, air-to-water machines significantly underperform bottled water coolers. A simple refrigerator has the capacity to perform multiple functions and therefore outperform both the bottled and atmospheric water options once allocation of burdens is considered. These conclusions are supported by all three perspectives examined to manage uncertainty. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2013 |
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