Frequency and wave-form effects on the fatigue crack growth behavior of alloy 718 at 298 K and 823 K
Abstract The fatigue crack growth rate (FCGR) of Alloy 718 was measured on CT type specimens at 298 and 823 K. At 823 K, the influence of frequency was studied in the range between 5 – $ 10^{-3} $ Hz and 20 Hz, using a sinusoidal wave form signal. A substantial increase in FCGR occurred, particularl...
Ausführliche Beschreibung
Gespeichert in:
| Autor*in: |
Clavel, M. [verfasserIn] |
|---|
| Format: |
Artikel |
|---|---|
| Sprache: |
Englisch |
| Erschienen: |
1978 |
|---|
| Schlagwörter: |
|---|
| Anmerkung: |
© American Society for Metals and The Metallurgical Society of Aime 1978 |
|---|
| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
Enthalten in: Metallurgical transactions. A, Physical metallurgy and materials science - Springer-Verlag, 1975, 9(1978), 4 vom: Apr., Seite 471-480 |
|---|---|
| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:9 ; year:1978 ; number:4 ; month:04 ; pages:471-480 |
| Links: |
|---|
| DOI / URN: |
10.1007/BF02646402 |
|---|
| Katalog-ID: |
OLC2053934522 |
|---|
| LEADER | 01000caa a22002652 4500 | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 001 | OLC2053934522 | ||
| 003 | DE-627 | ||
| 005 | 20230303052750.0 | ||
| 007 | tu | ||
| 008 | 200820s1978 xx ||||| 00| ||eng c | ||
| 024 | 7 | |a 10.1007/BF02646402 |2 doi | |
| 035 | |a (DE-627)OLC2053934522 | ||
| 035 | |a (DE-He213)BF02646402-p | ||
| 040 | |a DE-627 |b ger |c DE-627 |e rakwb | ||
| 041 | |a eng | ||
| 082 | 0 | 4 | |a 670 |a 530 |q VZ |
| 100 | 1 | |a Clavel, M. |e verfasserin |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Frequency and wave-form effects on the fatigue crack growth behavior of alloy 718 at 298 K and 823 K |
| 264 | 1 | |c 1978 | |
| 336 | |a Text |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |a ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen |b n |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |a Band |b nc |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 500 | |a © American Society for Metals and The Metallurgical Society of Aime 1978 | ||
| 520 | |a Abstract The fatigue crack growth rate (FCGR) of Alloy 718 was measured on CT type specimens at 298 and 823 K. At 823 K, the influence of frequency was studied in the range between 5 – $ 10^{-3} $ Hz and 20 Hz, using a sinusoidal wave form signal. A substantial increase in FCGR occurred, particularly at low stress intensity levels, as the temperature was increased from 298 to 823 K and as the frequency was decreased at 823 K. At elevated temperature, the effect of cyclic stress wave form was equally investigated, using triangular and square wave form signals producing the same frequency of 5.$ 10^{-2} $ Hz. The triangular load led to higher FCGR than the square wave form. In addition the hold time of 10 s both at the maximum and the minimum load associated with the square load had no significant effect on the FCGR. Electron microscopy was used to observe the substructures that developed ahead of fatigue cracks. These observations showed that in certain circumstances plastic deformation proceeded by the propagation of planar bands which were identified as twins. At room temperature, twinning was found to be abundant only in the threshold regime. At 823 K, twinning was observed in the domain of higher FCGR, particularly at low frequencies. Fractography was carried out to study the micromechanisms of crack propagation. At 823 K. intergranular cracking occurred as the frequency was decreased. The comparison between the substructures formed in low cycle fatigue and those associated with the plastic zones of propagating cracks is made. The importance of planar deformation and twinning on intergranular cracking and on the acceleration of FCGR when the loading rate is decreased at 823 K, is discussed. | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Plastic Zone | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Crack Growth Rate | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Fatigue Crack Growth | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Fatigue Crack Growth Rate | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Crack Propagation Rate | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Pineau, A. |4 aut | |
| 773 | 0 | 8 | |i Enthalten in |t Metallurgical transactions. A, Physical metallurgy and materials science |d Springer-Verlag, 1975 |g 9(1978), 4 vom: Apr., Seite 471-480 |w (DE-627)129429058 |w (DE-600)192156-3 |w (DE-576)01480204X |x 0026-086X |7 nnns |
| 773 | 1 | 8 | |g volume:9 |g year:1978 |g number:4 |g month:04 |g pages:471-480 |
| 856 | 4 | 1 | |u https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02646402 |z lizenzpflichtig |3 Volltext |
| 912 | |a GBV_USEFLAG_A | ||
| 912 | |a SYSFLAG_A | ||
| 912 | |a GBV_OLC | ||
| 912 | |a SSG-OLC-TEC | ||
| 912 | |a SSG-OLC-PHY | ||
| 912 | |a GBV_ILN_11 | ||
| 912 | |a GBV_ILN_20 | ||
| 912 | |a GBV_ILN_21 | ||
| 912 | |a GBV_ILN_30 | ||
| 912 | |a GBV_ILN_31 | ||
| 912 | |a GBV_ILN_32 | ||
| 912 | |a GBV_ILN_62 | ||
| 912 | |a GBV_ILN_70 | ||
| 912 | |a GBV_ILN_2004 | ||
| 912 | |a GBV_ILN_2006 | ||
| 912 | |a GBV_ILN_2015 | ||
| 912 | |a GBV_ILN_2016 | ||
| 912 | |a GBV_ILN_2020 | ||
| 912 | |a GBV_ILN_2027 | ||
| 912 | |a GBV_ILN_4035 | ||
| 912 | |a GBV_ILN_4046 | ||
| 912 | |a GBV_ILN_4082 | ||
| 912 | |a GBV_ILN_4313 | ||
| 912 | |a GBV_ILN_4319 | ||
| 951 | |a AR | ||
| 952 | |d 9 |j 1978 |e 4 |c 04 |h 471-480 | ||
| author_variant |
m c mc a p ap |
|---|---|
| matchkey_str |
article:0026086X:1978----::rqecadaeomfetoteaiucakrwheairf |
| hierarchy_sort_str |
1978 |
| publishDate |
1978 |
| allfields |
10.1007/BF02646402 doi (DE-627)OLC2053934522 (DE-He213)BF02646402-p DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 670 530 VZ Clavel, M. verfasserin aut Frequency and wave-form effects on the fatigue crack growth behavior of alloy 718 at 298 K and 823 K 1978 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier © American Society for Metals and The Metallurgical Society of Aime 1978 Abstract The fatigue crack growth rate (FCGR) of Alloy 718 was measured on CT type specimens at 298 and 823 K. At 823 K, the influence of frequency was studied in the range between 5 – $ 10^{-3} $ Hz and 20 Hz, using a sinusoidal wave form signal. A substantial increase in FCGR occurred, particularly at low stress intensity levels, as the temperature was increased from 298 to 823 K and as the frequency was decreased at 823 K. At elevated temperature, the effect of cyclic stress wave form was equally investigated, using triangular and square wave form signals producing the same frequency of 5.$ 10^{-2} $ Hz. The triangular load led to higher FCGR than the square wave form. In addition the hold time of 10 s both at the maximum and the minimum load associated with the square load had no significant effect on the FCGR. Electron microscopy was used to observe the substructures that developed ahead of fatigue cracks. These observations showed that in certain circumstances plastic deformation proceeded by the propagation of planar bands which were identified as twins. At room temperature, twinning was found to be abundant only in the threshold regime. At 823 K, twinning was observed in the domain of higher FCGR, particularly at low frequencies. Fractography was carried out to study the micromechanisms of crack propagation. At 823 K. intergranular cracking occurred as the frequency was decreased. The comparison between the substructures formed in low cycle fatigue and those associated with the plastic zones of propagating cracks is made. The importance of planar deformation and twinning on intergranular cracking and on the acceleration of FCGR when the loading rate is decreased at 823 K, is discussed. Plastic Zone Crack Growth Rate Fatigue Crack Growth Fatigue Crack Growth Rate Crack Propagation Rate Pineau, A. aut Enthalten in Metallurgical transactions. A, Physical metallurgy and materials science Springer-Verlag, 1975 9(1978), 4 vom: Apr., Seite 471-480 (DE-627)129429058 (DE-600)192156-3 (DE-576)01480204X 0026-086X nnns volume:9 year:1978 number:4 month:04 pages:471-480 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02646402 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC SSG-OLC-TEC SSG-OLC-PHY GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_21 GBV_ILN_30 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2016 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4082 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4319 AR 9 1978 4 04 471-480 |
| spelling |
10.1007/BF02646402 doi (DE-627)OLC2053934522 (DE-He213)BF02646402-p DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 670 530 VZ Clavel, M. verfasserin aut Frequency and wave-form effects on the fatigue crack growth behavior of alloy 718 at 298 K and 823 K 1978 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier © American Society for Metals and The Metallurgical Society of Aime 1978 Abstract The fatigue crack growth rate (FCGR) of Alloy 718 was measured on CT type specimens at 298 and 823 K. At 823 K, the influence of frequency was studied in the range between 5 – $ 10^{-3} $ Hz and 20 Hz, using a sinusoidal wave form signal. A substantial increase in FCGR occurred, particularly at low stress intensity levels, as the temperature was increased from 298 to 823 K and as the frequency was decreased at 823 K. At elevated temperature, the effect of cyclic stress wave form was equally investigated, using triangular and square wave form signals producing the same frequency of 5.$ 10^{-2} $ Hz. The triangular load led to higher FCGR than the square wave form. In addition the hold time of 10 s both at the maximum and the minimum load associated with the square load had no significant effect on the FCGR. Electron microscopy was used to observe the substructures that developed ahead of fatigue cracks. These observations showed that in certain circumstances plastic deformation proceeded by the propagation of planar bands which were identified as twins. At room temperature, twinning was found to be abundant only in the threshold regime. At 823 K, twinning was observed in the domain of higher FCGR, particularly at low frequencies. Fractography was carried out to study the micromechanisms of crack propagation. At 823 K. intergranular cracking occurred as the frequency was decreased. The comparison between the substructures formed in low cycle fatigue and those associated with the plastic zones of propagating cracks is made. The importance of planar deformation and twinning on intergranular cracking and on the acceleration of FCGR when the loading rate is decreased at 823 K, is discussed. Plastic Zone Crack Growth Rate Fatigue Crack Growth Fatigue Crack Growth Rate Crack Propagation Rate Pineau, A. aut Enthalten in Metallurgical transactions. A, Physical metallurgy and materials science Springer-Verlag, 1975 9(1978), 4 vom: Apr., Seite 471-480 (DE-627)129429058 (DE-600)192156-3 (DE-576)01480204X 0026-086X nnns volume:9 year:1978 number:4 month:04 pages:471-480 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02646402 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC SSG-OLC-TEC SSG-OLC-PHY GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_21 GBV_ILN_30 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2016 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4082 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4319 AR 9 1978 4 04 471-480 |
| allfields_unstemmed |
10.1007/BF02646402 doi (DE-627)OLC2053934522 (DE-He213)BF02646402-p DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 670 530 VZ Clavel, M. verfasserin aut Frequency and wave-form effects on the fatigue crack growth behavior of alloy 718 at 298 K and 823 K 1978 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier © American Society for Metals and The Metallurgical Society of Aime 1978 Abstract The fatigue crack growth rate (FCGR) of Alloy 718 was measured on CT type specimens at 298 and 823 K. At 823 K, the influence of frequency was studied in the range between 5 – $ 10^{-3} $ Hz and 20 Hz, using a sinusoidal wave form signal. A substantial increase in FCGR occurred, particularly at low stress intensity levels, as the temperature was increased from 298 to 823 K and as the frequency was decreased at 823 K. At elevated temperature, the effect of cyclic stress wave form was equally investigated, using triangular and square wave form signals producing the same frequency of 5.$ 10^{-2} $ Hz. The triangular load led to higher FCGR than the square wave form. In addition the hold time of 10 s both at the maximum and the minimum load associated with the square load had no significant effect on the FCGR. Electron microscopy was used to observe the substructures that developed ahead of fatigue cracks. These observations showed that in certain circumstances plastic deformation proceeded by the propagation of planar bands which were identified as twins. At room temperature, twinning was found to be abundant only in the threshold regime. At 823 K, twinning was observed in the domain of higher FCGR, particularly at low frequencies. Fractography was carried out to study the micromechanisms of crack propagation. At 823 K. intergranular cracking occurred as the frequency was decreased. The comparison between the substructures formed in low cycle fatigue and those associated with the plastic zones of propagating cracks is made. The importance of planar deformation and twinning on intergranular cracking and on the acceleration of FCGR when the loading rate is decreased at 823 K, is discussed. Plastic Zone Crack Growth Rate Fatigue Crack Growth Fatigue Crack Growth Rate Crack Propagation Rate Pineau, A. aut Enthalten in Metallurgical transactions. A, Physical metallurgy and materials science Springer-Verlag, 1975 9(1978), 4 vom: Apr., Seite 471-480 (DE-627)129429058 (DE-600)192156-3 (DE-576)01480204X 0026-086X nnns volume:9 year:1978 number:4 month:04 pages:471-480 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02646402 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC SSG-OLC-TEC SSG-OLC-PHY GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_21 GBV_ILN_30 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2016 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4082 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4319 AR 9 1978 4 04 471-480 |
| allfieldsGer |
10.1007/BF02646402 doi (DE-627)OLC2053934522 (DE-He213)BF02646402-p DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 670 530 VZ Clavel, M. verfasserin aut Frequency and wave-form effects on the fatigue crack growth behavior of alloy 718 at 298 K and 823 K 1978 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier © American Society for Metals and The Metallurgical Society of Aime 1978 Abstract The fatigue crack growth rate (FCGR) of Alloy 718 was measured on CT type specimens at 298 and 823 K. At 823 K, the influence of frequency was studied in the range between 5 – $ 10^{-3} $ Hz and 20 Hz, using a sinusoidal wave form signal. A substantial increase in FCGR occurred, particularly at low stress intensity levels, as the temperature was increased from 298 to 823 K and as the frequency was decreased at 823 K. At elevated temperature, the effect of cyclic stress wave form was equally investigated, using triangular and square wave form signals producing the same frequency of 5.$ 10^{-2} $ Hz. The triangular load led to higher FCGR than the square wave form. In addition the hold time of 10 s both at the maximum and the minimum load associated with the square load had no significant effect on the FCGR. Electron microscopy was used to observe the substructures that developed ahead of fatigue cracks. These observations showed that in certain circumstances plastic deformation proceeded by the propagation of planar bands which were identified as twins. At room temperature, twinning was found to be abundant only in the threshold regime. At 823 K, twinning was observed in the domain of higher FCGR, particularly at low frequencies. Fractography was carried out to study the micromechanisms of crack propagation. At 823 K. intergranular cracking occurred as the frequency was decreased. The comparison between the substructures formed in low cycle fatigue and those associated with the plastic zones of propagating cracks is made. The importance of planar deformation and twinning on intergranular cracking and on the acceleration of FCGR when the loading rate is decreased at 823 K, is discussed. Plastic Zone Crack Growth Rate Fatigue Crack Growth Fatigue Crack Growth Rate Crack Propagation Rate Pineau, A. aut Enthalten in Metallurgical transactions. A, Physical metallurgy and materials science Springer-Verlag, 1975 9(1978), 4 vom: Apr., Seite 471-480 (DE-627)129429058 (DE-600)192156-3 (DE-576)01480204X 0026-086X nnns volume:9 year:1978 number:4 month:04 pages:471-480 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02646402 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC SSG-OLC-TEC SSG-OLC-PHY GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_21 GBV_ILN_30 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2016 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4082 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4319 AR 9 1978 4 04 471-480 |
| allfieldsSound |
10.1007/BF02646402 doi (DE-627)OLC2053934522 (DE-He213)BF02646402-p DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 670 530 VZ Clavel, M. verfasserin aut Frequency and wave-form effects on the fatigue crack growth behavior of alloy 718 at 298 K and 823 K 1978 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier © American Society for Metals and The Metallurgical Society of Aime 1978 Abstract The fatigue crack growth rate (FCGR) of Alloy 718 was measured on CT type specimens at 298 and 823 K. At 823 K, the influence of frequency was studied in the range between 5 – $ 10^{-3} $ Hz and 20 Hz, using a sinusoidal wave form signal. A substantial increase in FCGR occurred, particularly at low stress intensity levels, as the temperature was increased from 298 to 823 K and as the frequency was decreased at 823 K. At elevated temperature, the effect of cyclic stress wave form was equally investigated, using triangular and square wave form signals producing the same frequency of 5.$ 10^{-2} $ Hz. The triangular load led to higher FCGR than the square wave form. In addition the hold time of 10 s both at the maximum and the minimum load associated with the square load had no significant effect on the FCGR. Electron microscopy was used to observe the substructures that developed ahead of fatigue cracks. These observations showed that in certain circumstances plastic deformation proceeded by the propagation of planar bands which were identified as twins. At room temperature, twinning was found to be abundant only in the threshold regime. At 823 K, twinning was observed in the domain of higher FCGR, particularly at low frequencies. Fractography was carried out to study the micromechanisms of crack propagation. At 823 K. intergranular cracking occurred as the frequency was decreased. The comparison between the substructures formed in low cycle fatigue and those associated with the plastic zones of propagating cracks is made. The importance of planar deformation and twinning on intergranular cracking and on the acceleration of FCGR when the loading rate is decreased at 823 K, is discussed. Plastic Zone Crack Growth Rate Fatigue Crack Growth Fatigue Crack Growth Rate Crack Propagation Rate Pineau, A. aut Enthalten in Metallurgical transactions. A, Physical metallurgy and materials science Springer-Verlag, 1975 9(1978), 4 vom: Apr., Seite 471-480 (DE-627)129429058 (DE-600)192156-3 (DE-576)01480204X 0026-086X nnns volume:9 year:1978 number:4 month:04 pages:471-480 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02646402 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC SSG-OLC-TEC SSG-OLC-PHY GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_21 GBV_ILN_30 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2016 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4082 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4319 AR 9 1978 4 04 471-480 |
| language |
English |
| source |
Enthalten in Metallurgical transactions. A, Physical metallurgy and materials science 9(1978), 4 vom: Apr., Seite 471-480 volume:9 year:1978 number:4 month:04 pages:471-480 |
| sourceStr |
Enthalten in Metallurgical transactions. A, Physical metallurgy and materials science 9(1978), 4 vom: Apr., Seite 471-480 volume:9 year:1978 number:4 month:04 pages:471-480 |
| format_phy_str_mv |
Article |
| institution |
findex.gbv.de |
| topic_facet |
Plastic Zone Crack Growth Rate Fatigue Crack Growth Fatigue Crack Growth Rate Crack Propagation Rate |
| dewey-raw |
670 |
| isfreeaccess_bool |
false |
| container_title |
Metallurgical transactions. A, Physical metallurgy and materials science |
| authorswithroles_txt_mv |
Clavel, M. @@aut@@ Pineau, A. @@aut@@ |
| publishDateDaySort_date |
1978-04-01T00:00:00Z |
| hierarchy_top_id |
129429058 |
| dewey-sort |
3670 |
| id |
OLC2053934522 |
| language_de |
englisch |
| fullrecord |
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim"><record><leader>01000caa a22002652 4500</leader><controlfield tag="001">OLC2053934522</controlfield><controlfield tag="003">DE-627</controlfield><controlfield tag="005">20230303052750.0</controlfield><controlfield tag="007">tu</controlfield><controlfield tag="008">200820s1978 xx ||||| 00| ||eng c</controlfield><datafield tag="024" ind1="7" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">10.1007/BF02646402</subfield><subfield code="2">doi</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-627)OLC2053934522</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-He213)BF02646402-p</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="040" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-627</subfield><subfield code="b">ger</subfield><subfield code="c">DE-627</subfield><subfield code="e">rakwb</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="041" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">eng</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="082" ind1="0" ind2="4"><subfield code="a">670</subfield><subfield code="a">530</subfield><subfield code="q">VZ</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="100" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Clavel, M.</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Frequency and wave-form effects on the fatigue crack growth behavior of alloy 718 at 298 K and 823 K</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="c">1978</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Text</subfield><subfield code="b">txt</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen</subfield><subfield code="b">n</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Band</subfield><subfield code="b">nc</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="500" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">© American Society for Metals and The Metallurgical Society of Aime 1978</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Abstract The fatigue crack growth rate (FCGR) of Alloy 718 was measured on CT type specimens at 298 and 823 K. At 823 K, the influence of frequency was studied in the range between 5 – $ 10^{-3} $ Hz and 20 Hz, using a sinusoidal wave form signal. A substantial increase in FCGR occurred, particularly at low stress intensity levels, as the temperature was increased from 298 to 823 K and as the frequency was decreased at 823 K. At elevated temperature, the effect of cyclic stress wave form was equally investigated, using triangular and square wave form signals producing the same frequency of 5.$ 10^{-2} $ Hz. The triangular load led to higher FCGR than the square wave form. In addition the hold time of 10 s both at the maximum and the minimum load associated with the square load had no significant effect on the FCGR. Electron microscopy was used to observe the substructures that developed ahead of fatigue cracks. These observations showed that in certain circumstances plastic deformation proceeded by the propagation of planar bands which were identified as twins. At room temperature, twinning was found to be abundant only in the threshold regime. At 823 K, twinning was observed in the domain of higher FCGR, particularly at low frequencies. Fractography was carried out to study the micromechanisms of crack propagation. At 823 K. intergranular cracking occurred as the frequency was decreased. The comparison between the substructures formed in low cycle fatigue and those associated with the plastic zones of propagating cracks is made. The importance of planar deformation and twinning on intergranular cracking and on the acceleration of FCGR when the loading rate is decreased at 823 K, is discussed.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Plastic Zone</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Crack Growth Rate</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Fatigue Crack Growth</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Fatigue Crack Growth Rate</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Crack Propagation Rate</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Pineau, A.</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="773" ind1="0" ind2="8"><subfield code="i">Enthalten in</subfield><subfield code="t">Metallurgical transactions. A, Physical metallurgy and materials science</subfield><subfield code="d">Springer-Verlag, 1975</subfield><subfield code="g">9(1978), 4 vom: Apr., Seite 471-480</subfield><subfield code="w">(DE-627)129429058</subfield><subfield code="w">(DE-600)192156-3</subfield><subfield code="w">(DE-576)01480204X</subfield><subfield code="x">0026-086X</subfield><subfield code="7">nnns</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="773" ind1="1" ind2="8"><subfield code="g">volume:9</subfield><subfield code="g">year:1978</subfield><subfield code="g">number:4</subfield><subfield code="g">month:04</subfield><subfield code="g">pages:471-480</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="1"><subfield code="u">https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02646402</subfield><subfield code="z">lizenzpflichtig</subfield><subfield code="3">Volltext</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_USEFLAG_A</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">SYSFLAG_A</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_OLC</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">SSG-OLC-TEC</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">SSG-OLC-PHY</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_11</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_20</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_21</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_30</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_31</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_32</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_62</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_70</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_2004</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_2006</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_2015</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_2016</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_2020</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_2027</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4035</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4046</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4082</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4313</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4319</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="951" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">AR</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="952" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="d">9</subfield><subfield code="j">1978</subfield><subfield code="e">4</subfield><subfield code="c">04</subfield><subfield code="h">471-480</subfield></datafield></record></collection>
|
| author |
Clavel, M. |
| spellingShingle |
Clavel, M. ddc 670 misc Plastic Zone misc Crack Growth Rate misc Fatigue Crack Growth misc Fatigue Crack Growth Rate misc Crack Propagation Rate Frequency and wave-form effects on the fatigue crack growth behavior of alloy 718 at 298 K and 823 K |
| authorStr |
Clavel, M. |
| ppnlink_with_tag_str_mv |
@@773@@(DE-627)129429058 |
| format |
Article |
| dewey-ones |
670 - Manufacturing 530 - Physics |
| delete_txt_mv |
keep |
| author_role |
aut aut |
| collection |
OLC |
| remote_str |
false |
| illustrated |
Not Illustrated |
| issn |
0026-086X |
| topic_title |
670 530 VZ Frequency and wave-form effects on the fatigue crack growth behavior of alloy 718 at 298 K and 823 K Plastic Zone Crack Growth Rate Fatigue Crack Growth Fatigue Crack Growth Rate Crack Propagation Rate |
| topic |
ddc 670 misc Plastic Zone misc Crack Growth Rate misc Fatigue Crack Growth misc Fatigue Crack Growth Rate misc Crack Propagation Rate |
| topic_unstemmed |
ddc 670 misc Plastic Zone misc Crack Growth Rate misc Fatigue Crack Growth misc Fatigue Crack Growth Rate misc Crack Propagation Rate |
| topic_browse |
ddc 670 misc Plastic Zone misc Crack Growth Rate misc Fatigue Crack Growth misc Fatigue Crack Growth Rate misc Crack Propagation Rate |
| format_facet |
Aufsätze Gedruckte Aufsätze |
| format_main_str_mv |
Text Zeitschrift/Artikel |
| carriertype_str_mv |
nc |
| hierarchy_parent_title |
Metallurgical transactions. A, Physical metallurgy and materials science |
| hierarchy_parent_id |
129429058 |
| dewey-tens |
670 - Manufacturing 530 - Physics |
| hierarchy_top_title |
Metallurgical transactions. A, Physical metallurgy and materials science |
| isfreeaccess_txt |
false |
| familylinks_str_mv |
(DE-627)129429058 (DE-600)192156-3 (DE-576)01480204X |
| title |
Frequency and wave-form effects on the fatigue crack growth behavior of alloy 718 at 298 K and 823 K |
| ctrlnum |
(DE-627)OLC2053934522 (DE-He213)BF02646402-p |
| title_full |
Frequency and wave-form effects on the fatigue crack growth behavior of alloy 718 at 298 K and 823 K |
| author_sort |
Clavel, M. |
| journal |
Metallurgical transactions. A, Physical metallurgy and materials science |
| journalStr |
Metallurgical transactions. A, Physical metallurgy and materials science |
| lang_code |
eng |
| isOA_bool |
false |
| dewey-hundreds |
600 - Technology 500 - Science |
| recordtype |
marc |
| publishDateSort |
1978 |
| contenttype_str_mv |
txt |
| container_start_page |
471 |
| author_browse |
Clavel, M. Pineau, A. |
| container_volume |
9 |
| class |
670 530 VZ |
| format_se |
Aufsätze |
| author-letter |
Clavel, M. |
| doi_str_mv |
10.1007/BF02646402 |
| dewey-full |
670 530 |
| title_sort |
frequency and wave-form effects on the fatigue crack growth behavior of alloy 718 at 298 k and 823 k |
| title_auth |
Frequency and wave-form effects on the fatigue crack growth behavior of alloy 718 at 298 K and 823 K |
| abstract |
Abstract The fatigue crack growth rate (FCGR) of Alloy 718 was measured on CT type specimens at 298 and 823 K. At 823 K, the influence of frequency was studied in the range between 5 – $ 10^{-3} $ Hz and 20 Hz, using a sinusoidal wave form signal. A substantial increase in FCGR occurred, particularly at low stress intensity levels, as the temperature was increased from 298 to 823 K and as the frequency was decreased at 823 K. At elevated temperature, the effect of cyclic stress wave form was equally investigated, using triangular and square wave form signals producing the same frequency of 5.$ 10^{-2} $ Hz. The triangular load led to higher FCGR than the square wave form. In addition the hold time of 10 s both at the maximum and the minimum load associated with the square load had no significant effect on the FCGR. Electron microscopy was used to observe the substructures that developed ahead of fatigue cracks. These observations showed that in certain circumstances plastic deformation proceeded by the propagation of planar bands which were identified as twins. At room temperature, twinning was found to be abundant only in the threshold regime. At 823 K, twinning was observed in the domain of higher FCGR, particularly at low frequencies. Fractography was carried out to study the micromechanisms of crack propagation. At 823 K. intergranular cracking occurred as the frequency was decreased. The comparison between the substructures formed in low cycle fatigue and those associated with the plastic zones of propagating cracks is made. The importance of planar deformation and twinning on intergranular cracking and on the acceleration of FCGR when the loading rate is decreased at 823 K, is discussed. © American Society for Metals and The Metallurgical Society of Aime 1978 |
| abstractGer |
Abstract The fatigue crack growth rate (FCGR) of Alloy 718 was measured on CT type specimens at 298 and 823 K. At 823 K, the influence of frequency was studied in the range between 5 – $ 10^{-3} $ Hz and 20 Hz, using a sinusoidal wave form signal. A substantial increase in FCGR occurred, particularly at low stress intensity levels, as the temperature was increased from 298 to 823 K and as the frequency was decreased at 823 K. At elevated temperature, the effect of cyclic stress wave form was equally investigated, using triangular and square wave form signals producing the same frequency of 5.$ 10^{-2} $ Hz. The triangular load led to higher FCGR than the square wave form. In addition the hold time of 10 s both at the maximum and the minimum load associated with the square load had no significant effect on the FCGR. Electron microscopy was used to observe the substructures that developed ahead of fatigue cracks. These observations showed that in certain circumstances plastic deformation proceeded by the propagation of planar bands which were identified as twins. At room temperature, twinning was found to be abundant only in the threshold regime. At 823 K, twinning was observed in the domain of higher FCGR, particularly at low frequencies. Fractography was carried out to study the micromechanisms of crack propagation. At 823 K. intergranular cracking occurred as the frequency was decreased. The comparison between the substructures formed in low cycle fatigue and those associated with the plastic zones of propagating cracks is made. The importance of planar deformation and twinning on intergranular cracking and on the acceleration of FCGR when the loading rate is decreased at 823 K, is discussed. © American Society for Metals and The Metallurgical Society of Aime 1978 |
| abstract_unstemmed |
Abstract The fatigue crack growth rate (FCGR) of Alloy 718 was measured on CT type specimens at 298 and 823 K. At 823 K, the influence of frequency was studied in the range between 5 – $ 10^{-3} $ Hz and 20 Hz, using a sinusoidal wave form signal. A substantial increase in FCGR occurred, particularly at low stress intensity levels, as the temperature was increased from 298 to 823 K and as the frequency was decreased at 823 K. At elevated temperature, the effect of cyclic stress wave form was equally investigated, using triangular and square wave form signals producing the same frequency of 5.$ 10^{-2} $ Hz. The triangular load led to higher FCGR than the square wave form. In addition the hold time of 10 s both at the maximum and the minimum load associated with the square load had no significant effect on the FCGR. Electron microscopy was used to observe the substructures that developed ahead of fatigue cracks. These observations showed that in certain circumstances plastic deformation proceeded by the propagation of planar bands which were identified as twins. At room temperature, twinning was found to be abundant only in the threshold regime. At 823 K, twinning was observed in the domain of higher FCGR, particularly at low frequencies. Fractography was carried out to study the micromechanisms of crack propagation. At 823 K. intergranular cracking occurred as the frequency was decreased. The comparison between the substructures formed in low cycle fatigue and those associated with the plastic zones of propagating cracks is made. The importance of planar deformation and twinning on intergranular cracking and on the acceleration of FCGR when the loading rate is decreased at 823 K, is discussed. © American Society for Metals and The Metallurgical Society of Aime 1978 |
| collection_details |
GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC SSG-OLC-TEC SSG-OLC-PHY GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_21 GBV_ILN_30 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_32 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_2004 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2015 GBV_ILN_2016 GBV_ILN_2020 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_4035 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4082 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4319 |
| container_issue |
4 |
| title_short |
Frequency and wave-form effects on the fatigue crack growth behavior of alloy 718 at 298 K and 823 K |
| url |
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02646402 |
| remote_bool |
false |
| author2 |
Pineau, A. |
| author2Str |
Pineau, A. |
| ppnlink |
129429058 |
| mediatype_str_mv |
n |
| isOA_txt |
false |
| hochschulschrift_bool |
false |
| doi_str |
10.1007/BF02646402 |
| up_date |
2024-07-03T21:16:19.760Z |
| _version_ |
1803594109830561792 |
| fullrecord_marcxml |
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><collection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim"><record><leader>01000caa a22002652 4500</leader><controlfield tag="001">OLC2053934522</controlfield><controlfield tag="003">DE-627</controlfield><controlfield tag="005">20230303052750.0</controlfield><controlfield tag="007">tu</controlfield><controlfield tag="008">200820s1978 xx ||||| 00| ||eng c</controlfield><datafield tag="024" ind1="7" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">10.1007/BF02646402</subfield><subfield code="2">doi</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-627)OLC2053934522</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="035" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">(DE-He213)BF02646402-p</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="040" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">DE-627</subfield><subfield code="b">ger</subfield><subfield code="c">DE-627</subfield><subfield code="e">rakwb</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="041" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">eng</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="082" ind1="0" ind2="4"><subfield code="a">670</subfield><subfield code="a">530</subfield><subfield code="q">VZ</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="100" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Clavel, M.</subfield><subfield code="e">verfasserin</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="245" ind1="1" ind2="0"><subfield code="a">Frequency and wave-form effects on the fatigue crack growth behavior of alloy 718 at 298 K and 823 K</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="264" ind1=" " ind2="1"><subfield code="c">1978</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="336" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Text</subfield><subfield code="b">txt</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacontent</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="337" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen</subfield><subfield code="b">n</subfield><subfield code="2">rdamedia</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="338" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Band</subfield><subfield code="b">nc</subfield><subfield code="2">rdacarrier</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="500" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">© American Society for Metals and The Metallurgical Society of Aime 1978</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Abstract The fatigue crack growth rate (FCGR) of Alloy 718 was measured on CT type specimens at 298 and 823 K. At 823 K, the influence of frequency was studied in the range between 5 – $ 10^{-3} $ Hz and 20 Hz, using a sinusoidal wave form signal. A substantial increase in FCGR occurred, particularly at low stress intensity levels, as the temperature was increased from 298 to 823 K and as the frequency was decreased at 823 K. At elevated temperature, the effect of cyclic stress wave form was equally investigated, using triangular and square wave form signals producing the same frequency of 5.$ 10^{-2} $ Hz. The triangular load led to higher FCGR than the square wave form. In addition the hold time of 10 s both at the maximum and the minimum load associated with the square load had no significant effect on the FCGR. Electron microscopy was used to observe the substructures that developed ahead of fatigue cracks. These observations showed that in certain circumstances plastic deformation proceeded by the propagation of planar bands which were identified as twins. At room temperature, twinning was found to be abundant only in the threshold regime. At 823 K, twinning was observed in the domain of higher FCGR, particularly at low frequencies. Fractography was carried out to study the micromechanisms of crack propagation. At 823 K. intergranular cracking occurred as the frequency was decreased. The comparison between the substructures formed in low cycle fatigue and those associated with the plastic zones of propagating cracks is made. The importance of planar deformation and twinning on intergranular cracking and on the acceleration of FCGR when the loading rate is decreased at 823 K, is discussed.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Plastic Zone</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Crack Growth Rate</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Fatigue Crack Growth</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Fatigue Crack Growth Rate</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="650" ind1=" " ind2="4"><subfield code="a">Crack Propagation Rate</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="700" ind1="1" ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Pineau, A.</subfield><subfield code="4">aut</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="773" ind1="0" ind2="8"><subfield code="i">Enthalten in</subfield><subfield code="t">Metallurgical transactions. A, Physical metallurgy and materials science</subfield><subfield code="d">Springer-Verlag, 1975</subfield><subfield code="g">9(1978), 4 vom: Apr., Seite 471-480</subfield><subfield code="w">(DE-627)129429058</subfield><subfield code="w">(DE-600)192156-3</subfield><subfield code="w">(DE-576)01480204X</subfield><subfield code="x">0026-086X</subfield><subfield code="7">nnns</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="773" ind1="1" ind2="8"><subfield code="g">volume:9</subfield><subfield code="g">year:1978</subfield><subfield code="g">number:4</subfield><subfield code="g">month:04</subfield><subfield code="g">pages:471-480</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="1"><subfield code="u">https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02646402</subfield><subfield code="z">lizenzpflichtig</subfield><subfield code="3">Volltext</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_USEFLAG_A</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">SYSFLAG_A</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_OLC</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">SSG-OLC-TEC</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">SSG-OLC-PHY</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_11</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_20</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_21</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_30</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_31</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_32</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_62</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_70</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_2004</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_2006</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_2015</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_2016</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_2020</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_2027</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4035</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4046</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4082</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4313</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="912" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">GBV_ILN_4319</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="951" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">AR</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="952" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="d">9</subfield><subfield code="j">1978</subfield><subfield code="e">4</subfield><subfield code="c">04</subfield><subfield code="h">471-480</subfield></datafield></record></collection>
|
| score |
7.3986893 |