Representation of mixed reactive gases on free energy (Ellingharn-Richardson) diagrams
Abstract Free energyvs temperature (Ellingham-Richardson) diagrams provide a convenient and useful means of portraying equilibria for a variety of systems, such as oxides, sulfides, and carbides. The oxide diagrams typically include nomographic scales that facilitate determination of the oxygen part...
Ausführliche Beschreibung
Gespeichert in:
| Autor*in: |
Robino, C. V. [verfasserIn] |
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| Format: |
Artikel |
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| Sprache: |
Englisch |
| Erschienen: |
1996 |
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| Schlagwörter: |
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| Anmerkung: |
© The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society - ASM International - The Materials Information Society 1996 |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
Enthalten in: Metallurgical and materials transactions / B - Springer-Verlag, 1994, 27(1996), 1 vom: Feb., Seite 65-69 |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:27 ; year:1996 ; number:1 ; month:02 ; pages:65-69 |
| Links: |
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| DOI / URN: |
10.1007/BF02915078 |
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| Katalog-ID: |
OLC2059754372 |
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| 520 | |a Abstract Free energyvs temperature (Ellingham-Richardson) diagrams provide a convenient and useful means of portraying equilibria for a variety of systems, such as oxides, sulfides, and carbides. The oxide diagrams typically include nomographic scales that facilitate determination of the oxygen partial pressure, the $ H_{2} $/$ H_{2} $O ratio, and the CO/$ CO_{2} $ ratio in equilibrium with the oxides at any temperature. In addition, monatomic hydrogen provides a potentially useful means for the reduction of oxides in metal processing schemes but, at present, can only be produced in $ H_{2} $ at fractions less than unity. In the present work, a modification of conventional free energy diagrams that includes a means of portraying the equilibria between H, $ H_{2} $, $ O_{2} $, and $ H_{2} $O is developed. The modification is based on the oxidation reaction of H/$ H_{2} $ mixtures at any fraction H, and the equilibria are portrayed on the free energy diagram by means of a two-dimensional nomographic scale. The diagram illustrates the potential utility of H and H/$ H_{2} $ mixtures for oxide reduction and can be used in essentially the same manner as conventional free energy diagrams. The modification can conceivably be extended to other gaseous systems or diagram types, such as those for sulfides. | ||
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10.1007/BF02915078 doi (DE-627)OLC2059754372 (DE-He213)BF02915078-p DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 620 660 VZ Robino, C. V. verfasserin aut Representation of mixed reactive gases on free energy (Ellingharn-Richardson) diagrams 1996 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier © The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society - ASM International - The Materials Information Society 1996 Abstract Free energyvs temperature (Ellingham-Richardson) diagrams provide a convenient and useful means of portraying equilibria for a variety of systems, such as oxides, sulfides, and carbides. The oxide diagrams typically include nomographic scales that facilitate determination of the oxygen partial pressure, the $ H_{2} $/$ H_{2} $O ratio, and the CO/$ CO_{2} $ ratio in equilibrium with the oxides at any temperature. In addition, monatomic hydrogen provides a potentially useful means for the reduction of oxides in metal processing schemes but, at present, can only be produced in $ H_{2} $ at fractions less than unity. In the present work, a modification of conventional free energy diagrams that includes a means of portraying the equilibria between H, $ H_{2} $, $ O_{2} $, and $ H_{2} $O is developed. The modification is based on the oxidation reaction of H/$ H_{2} $ mixtures at any fraction H, and the equilibria are portrayed on the free energy diagram by means of a two-dimensional nomographic scale. The diagram illustrates the potential utility of H and H/$ H_{2} $ mixtures for oxide reduction and can be used in essentially the same manner as conventional free energy diagrams. The modification can conceivably be extended to other gaseous systems or diagram types, such as those for sulfides. Free Energy Material Transaction Standard Free Energy Oxide Reduction Sandia National Laboratory Enthalten in Metallurgical and materials transactions / B Springer-Verlag, 1994 27(1996), 1 vom: Feb., Seite 65-69 (DE-627)182203832 (DE-600)1186125-3 (DE-576)038889196 1073-5615 nnns volume:27 year:1996 number:1 month:02 pages:65-69 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02915078 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC SSG-OLC-TEC SSG-OLC-CHE SSG-OLC-PHA SSG-OLC-DE-84 GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_30 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4319 GBV_ILN_4323 AR 27 1996 1 02 65-69 |
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10.1007/BF02915078 doi (DE-627)OLC2059754372 (DE-He213)BF02915078-p DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 620 660 VZ Robino, C. V. verfasserin aut Representation of mixed reactive gases on free energy (Ellingharn-Richardson) diagrams 1996 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier © The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society - ASM International - The Materials Information Society 1996 Abstract Free energyvs temperature (Ellingham-Richardson) diagrams provide a convenient and useful means of portraying equilibria for a variety of systems, such as oxides, sulfides, and carbides. The oxide diagrams typically include nomographic scales that facilitate determination of the oxygen partial pressure, the $ H_{2} $/$ H_{2} $O ratio, and the CO/$ CO_{2} $ ratio in equilibrium with the oxides at any temperature. In addition, monatomic hydrogen provides a potentially useful means for the reduction of oxides in metal processing schemes but, at present, can only be produced in $ H_{2} $ at fractions less than unity. In the present work, a modification of conventional free energy diagrams that includes a means of portraying the equilibria between H, $ H_{2} $, $ O_{2} $, and $ H_{2} $O is developed. The modification is based on the oxidation reaction of H/$ H_{2} $ mixtures at any fraction H, and the equilibria are portrayed on the free energy diagram by means of a two-dimensional nomographic scale. The diagram illustrates the potential utility of H and H/$ H_{2} $ mixtures for oxide reduction and can be used in essentially the same manner as conventional free energy diagrams. The modification can conceivably be extended to other gaseous systems or diagram types, such as those for sulfides. Free Energy Material Transaction Standard Free Energy Oxide Reduction Sandia National Laboratory Enthalten in Metallurgical and materials transactions / B Springer-Verlag, 1994 27(1996), 1 vom: Feb., Seite 65-69 (DE-627)182203832 (DE-600)1186125-3 (DE-576)038889196 1073-5615 nnns volume:27 year:1996 number:1 month:02 pages:65-69 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02915078 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC SSG-OLC-TEC SSG-OLC-CHE SSG-OLC-PHA SSG-OLC-DE-84 GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_30 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4319 GBV_ILN_4323 AR 27 1996 1 02 65-69 |
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10.1007/BF02915078 doi (DE-627)OLC2059754372 (DE-He213)BF02915078-p DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 620 660 VZ Robino, C. V. verfasserin aut Representation of mixed reactive gases on free energy (Ellingharn-Richardson) diagrams 1996 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier © The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society - ASM International - The Materials Information Society 1996 Abstract Free energyvs temperature (Ellingham-Richardson) diagrams provide a convenient and useful means of portraying equilibria for a variety of systems, such as oxides, sulfides, and carbides. The oxide diagrams typically include nomographic scales that facilitate determination of the oxygen partial pressure, the $ H_{2} $/$ H_{2} $O ratio, and the CO/$ CO_{2} $ ratio in equilibrium with the oxides at any temperature. In addition, monatomic hydrogen provides a potentially useful means for the reduction of oxides in metal processing schemes but, at present, can only be produced in $ H_{2} $ at fractions less than unity. In the present work, a modification of conventional free energy diagrams that includes a means of portraying the equilibria between H, $ H_{2} $, $ O_{2} $, and $ H_{2} $O is developed. The modification is based on the oxidation reaction of H/$ H_{2} $ mixtures at any fraction H, and the equilibria are portrayed on the free energy diagram by means of a two-dimensional nomographic scale. The diagram illustrates the potential utility of H and H/$ H_{2} $ mixtures for oxide reduction and can be used in essentially the same manner as conventional free energy diagrams. The modification can conceivably be extended to other gaseous systems or diagram types, such as those for sulfides. Free Energy Material Transaction Standard Free Energy Oxide Reduction Sandia National Laboratory Enthalten in Metallurgical and materials transactions / B Springer-Verlag, 1994 27(1996), 1 vom: Feb., Seite 65-69 (DE-627)182203832 (DE-600)1186125-3 (DE-576)038889196 1073-5615 nnns volume:27 year:1996 number:1 month:02 pages:65-69 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02915078 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC SSG-OLC-TEC SSG-OLC-CHE SSG-OLC-PHA SSG-OLC-DE-84 GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_30 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4319 GBV_ILN_4323 AR 27 1996 1 02 65-69 |
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10.1007/BF02915078 doi (DE-627)OLC2059754372 (DE-He213)BF02915078-p DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 620 660 VZ Robino, C. V. verfasserin aut Representation of mixed reactive gases on free energy (Ellingharn-Richardson) diagrams 1996 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier © The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society - ASM International - The Materials Information Society 1996 Abstract Free energyvs temperature (Ellingham-Richardson) diagrams provide a convenient and useful means of portraying equilibria for a variety of systems, such as oxides, sulfides, and carbides. The oxide diagrams typically include nomographic scales that facilitate determination of the oxygen partial pressure, the $ H_{2} $/$ H_{2} $O ratio, and the CO/$ CO_{2} $ ratio in equilibrium with the oxides at any temperature. In addition, monatomic hydrogen provides a potentially useful means for the reduction of oxides in metal processing schemes but, at present, can only be produced in $ H_{2} $ at fractions less than unity. In the present work, a modification of conventional free energy diagrams that includes a means of portraying the equilibria between H, $ H_{2} $, $ O_{2} $, and $ H_{2} $O is developed. The modification is based on the oxidation reaction of H/$ H_{2} $ mixtures at any fraction H, and the equilibria are portrayed on the free energy diagram by means of a two-dimensional nomographic scale. The diagram illustrates the potential utility of H and H/$ H_{2} $ mixtures for oxide reduction and can be used in essentially the same manner as conventional free energy diagrams. The modification can conceivably be extended to other gaseous systems or diagram types, such as those for sulfides. Free Energy Material Transaction Standard Free Energy Oxide Reduction Sandia National Laboratory Enthalten in Metallurgical and materials transactions / B Springer-Verlag, 1994 27(1996), 1 vom: Feb., Seite 65-69 (DE-627)182203832 (DE-600)1186125-3 (DE-576)038889196 1073-5615 nnns volume:27 year:1996 number:1 month:02 pages:65-69 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02915078 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC SSG-OLC-TEC SSG-OLC-CHE SSG-OLC-PHA SSG-OLC-DE-84 GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_30 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4319 GBV_ILN_4323 AR 27 1996 1 02 65-69 |
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10.1007/BF02915078 doi (DE-627)OLC2059754372 (DE-He213)BF02915078-p DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 620 660 VZ Robino, C. V. verfasserin aut Representation of mixed reactive gases on free energy (Ellingharn-Richardson) diagrams 1996 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier © The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society - ASM International - The Materials Information Society 1996 Abstract Free energyvs temperature (Ellingham-Richardson) diagrams provide a convenient and useful means of portraying equilibria for a variety of systems, such as oxides, sulfides, and carbides. The oxide diagrams typically include nomographic scales that facilitate determination of the oxygen partial pressure, the $ H_{2} $/$ H_{2} $O ratio, and the CO/$ CO_{2} $ ratio in equilibrium with the oxides at any temperature. In addition, monatomic hydrogen provides a potentially useful means for the reduction of oxides in metal processing schemes but, at present, can only be produced in $ H_{2} $ at fractions less than unity. In the present work, a modification of conventional free energy diagrams that includes a means of portraying the equilibria between H, $ H_{2} $, $ O_{2} $, and $ H_{2} $O is developed. The modification is based on the oxidation reaction of H/$ H_{2} $ mixtures at any fraction H, and the equilibria are portrayed on the free energy diagram by means of a two-dimensional nomographic scale. The diagram illustrates the potential utility of H and H/$ H_{2} $ mixtures for oxide reduction and can be used in essentially the same manner as conventional free energy diagrams. The modification can conceivably be extended to other gaseous systems or diagram types, such as those for sulfides. Free Energy Material Transaction Standard Free Energy Oxide Reduction Sandia National Laboratory Enthalten in Metallurgical and materials transactions / B Springer-Verlag, 1994 27(1996), 1 vom: Feb., Seite 65-69 (DE-627)182203832 (DE-600)1186125-3 (DE-576)038889196 1073-5615 nnns volume:27 year:1996 number:1 month:02 pages:65-69 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02915078 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC SSG-OLC-TEC SSG-OLC-CHE SSG-OLC-PHA SSG-OLC-DE-84 GBV_ILN_11 GBV_ILN_20 GBV_ILN_30 GBV_ILN_62 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4319 GBV_ILN_4323 AR 27 1996 1 02 65-69 |
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Representation of mixed reactive gases on free energy (Ellingharn-Richardson) diagrams |
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Representation of mixed reactive gases on free energy (Ellingharn-Richardson) diagrams |
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Robino, C. V. |
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Metallurgical and materials transactions / B |
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Metallurgical and materials transactions / B |
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1996 |
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Robino, C. V. |
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620 660 VZ |
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Aufsätze |
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Robino, C. V. |
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10.1007/BF02915078 |
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620 660 |
| title_sort |
representation of mixed reactive gases on free energy (ellingharn-richardson) diagrams |
| title_auth |
Representation of mixed reactive gases on free energy (Ellingharn-Richardson) diagrams |
| abstract |
Abstract Free energyvs temperature (Ellingham-Richardson) diagrams provide a convenient and useful means of portraying equilibria for a variety of systems, such as oxides, sulfides, and carbides. The oxide diagrams typically include nomographic scales that facilitate determination of the oxygen partial pressure, the $ H_{2} $/$ H_{2} $O ratio, and the CO/$ CO_{2} $ ratio in equilibrium with the oxides at any temperature. In addition, monatomic hydrogen provides a potentially useful means for the reduction of oxides in metal processing schemes but, at present, can only be produced in $ H_{2} $ at fractions less than unity. In the present work, a modification of conventional free energy diagrams that includes a means of portraying the equilibria between H, $ H_{2} $, $ O_{2} $, and $ H_{2} $O is developed. The modification is based on the oxidation reaction of H/$ H_{2} $ mixtures at any fraction H, and the equilibria are portrayed on the free energy diagram by means of a two-dimensional nomographic scale. The diagram illustrates the potential utility of H and H/$ H_{2} $ mixtures for oxide reduction and can be used in essentially the same manner as conventional free energy diagrams. The modification can conceivably be extended to other gaseous systems or diagram types, such as those for sulfides. © The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society - ASM International - The Materials Information Society 1996 |
| abstractGer |
Abstract Free energyvs temperature (Ellingham-Richardson) diagrams provide a convenient and useful means of portraying equilibria for a variety of systems, such as oxides, sulfides, and carbides. The oxide diagrams typically include nomographic scales that facilitate determination of the oxygen partial pressure, the $ H_{2} $/$ H_{2} $O ratio, and the CO/$ CO_{2} $ ratio in equilibrium with the oxides at any temperature. In addition, monatomic hydrogen provides a potentially useful means for the reduction of oxides in metal processing schemes but, at present, can only be produced in $ H_{2} $ at fractions less than unity. In the present work, a modification of conventional free energy diagrams that includes a means of portraying the equilibria between H, $ H_{2} $, $ O_{2} $, and $ H_{2} $O is developed. The modification is based on the oxidation reaction of H/$ H_{2} $ mixtures at any fraction H, and the equilibria are portrayed on the free energy diagram by means of a two-dimensional nomographic scale. The diagram illustrates the potential utility of H and H/$ H_{2} $ mixtures for oxide reduction and can be used in essentially the same manner as conventional free energy diagrams. The modification can conceivably be extended to other gaseous systems or diagram types, such as those for sulfides. © The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society - ASM International - The Materials Information Society 1996 |
| abstract_unstemmed |
Abstract Free energyvs temperature (Ellingham-Richardson) diagrams provide a convenient and useful means of portraying equilibria for a variety of systems, such as oxides, sulfides, and carbides. The oxide diagrams typically include nomographic scales that facilitate determination of the oxygen partial pressure, the $ H_{2} $/$ H_{2} $O ratio, and the CO/$ CO_{2} $ ratio in equilibrium with the oxides at any temperature. In addition, monatomic hydrogen provides a potentially useful means for the reduction of oxides in metal processing schemes but, at present, can only be produced in $ H_{2} $ at fractions less than unity. In the present work, a modification of conventional free energy diagrams that includes a means of portraying the equilibria between H, $ H_{2} $, $ O_{2} $, and $ H_{2} $O is developed. The modification is based on the oxidation reaction of H/$ H_{2} $ mixtures at any fraction H, and the equilibria are portrayed on the free energy diagram by means of a two-dimensional nomographic scale. The diagram illustrates the potential utility of H and H/$ H_{2} $ mixtures for oxide reduction and can be used in essentially the same manner as conventional free energy diagrams. The modification can conceivably be extended to other gaseous systems or diagram types, such as those for sulfides. © The Minerals, Metals & Materials Society - ASM International - The Materials Information Society 1996 |
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Representation of mixed reactive gases on free energy (Ellingharn-Richardson) diagrams |
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