Noise reduction in optically pumped magnetometer assemblies

Abstract In most magnetic field measurement configurations the resolution of optically pumped magnetometers is limited by the shot noise of the pump light. However, in practice this noise limit is overwhelmed by other sources. One of them is the conversion of the pump laser’s frequency modulation (F...
Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:

Autor*in:	Schultze, V. [verfasserIn] IJsselsteijn, R. Meyer, H.-G.

Format:	Artikel
Sprache:	Englisch

Erschienen:	2010

Schlagwörter:	Noise Reduction Shot Noise Larmor Frequency Photo Current Coherent Population Trapping

Systematik:	UA 9001

Anmerkung:	© Springer-Verlag 2010

Übergeordnetes Werk:	Enthalten in: Applied physics. B, Lasers and optics - Springer-Verlag, 1981, 100(2010), 4 vom: 30. Mai, Seite 717-724
Übergeordnetes Werk:	volume:100 ; year:2010 ; number:4 ; day:30 ; month:05 ; pages:717-724

Links:	Volltext

DOI / URN:	10.1007/s00340-010-4084-9

Katalog-ID:	OLC2074299508

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520			\|a Abstract In most magnetic field measurement configurations the resolution of optically pumped magnetometers is limited by the shot noise of the pump light. However, in practice this noise limit is overwhelmed by other sources. One of them is the conversion of the pump laser’s frequency modulation (FM) noise to amplitude modulation (AM) noise due to the absorption in the magnetometer’s alkali vapour cell. This extra noise can be nearly completely cancelled by the illumination of an additional cell with the same laser light and the subtraction of its photo current from that of the measurement cell. The correlation of the photo signals of different cells is just slightly decreased by the applied measurement and rf fields B0 and B1, respectively. As a result, in real magnetic field measurements using the photo-current subtraction, a noise-limited magnetic field resolution of just twice the shot-noise limit can be achieved. This is experimentally shown for the most thrifty setup with two cells; one time using the second cell just for the photo-current subtraction, the other time also serving for magnetic field measurements, forming a gradiometer with the first cell. Yet, the photo-current subtraction method is most appealing for magnetometer arrays, where the photo signal of just one additional vapour cell can be used for the noise reduction of the complete array.
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allfields	10.1007/s00340-010-4084-9 doi (DE-627)OLC2074299508 (DE-He213)s00340-010-4084-9-p DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 530 620 VZ 530 VZ UA 9001 VZ rvk Schultze, V. verfasserin aut Noise reduction in optically pumped magnetometer assemblies 2010 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier © Springer-Verlag 2010 Abstract In most magnetic field measurement configurations the resolution of optically pumped magnetometers is limited by the shot noise of the pump light. However, in practice this noise limit is overwhelmed by other sources. One of them is the conversion of the pump laser’s frequency modulation (FM) noise to amplitude modulation (AM) noise due to the absorption in the magnetometer’s alkali vapour cell. This extra noise can be nearly completely cancelled by the illumination of an additional cell with the same laser light and the subtraction of its photo current from that of the measurement cell. The correlation of the photo signals of different cells is just slightly decreased by the applied measurement and rf fields B0 and B1, respectively. As a result, in real magnetic field measurements using the photo-current subtraction, a noise-limited magnetic field resolution of just twice the shot-noise limit can be achieved. This is experimentally shown for the most thrifty setup with two cells; one time using the second cell just for the photo-current subtraction, the other time also serving for magnetic field measurements, forming a gradiometer with the first cell. Yet, the photo-current subtraction method is most appealing for magnetometer arrays, where the photo signal of just one additional vapour cell can be used for the noise reduction of the complete array. Noise Reduction Shot Noise Larmor Frequency Photo Current Coherent Population Trapping IJsselsteijn, R. aut Meyer, H.-G. aut Enthalten in Applied physics. B, Lasers and optics Springer-Verlag, 1981 100(2010), 4 vom: 30. Mai, Seite 717-724 (DE-627)130297682 (DE-600)579693-3 (DE-576)015877272 0946-2171 nnns volume:100 year:2010 number:4 day:30 month:05 pages:717-724 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00340-010-4084-9 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC SSG-OLC-PHY GBV_ILN_21 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_30 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_130 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_2018 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_4036 GBV_ILN_4116 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4266 GBV_ILN_4277 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4323 UA 9001 AR 100 2010 4 30 05 717-724
spelling	10.1007/s00340-010-4084-9 doi (DE-627)OLC2074299508 (DE-He213)s00340-010-4084-9-p DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 530 620 VZ 530 VZ UA 9001 VZ rvk Schultze, V. verfasserin aut Noise reduction in optically pumped magnetometer assemblies 2010 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier © Springer-Verlag 2010 Abstract In most magnetic field measurement configurations the resolution of optically pumped magnetometers is limited by the shot noise of the pump light. However, in practice this noise limit is overwhelmed by other sources. One of them is the conversion of the pump laser’s frequency modulation (FM) noise to amplitude modulation (AM) noise due to the absorption in the magnetometer’s alkali vapour cell. This extra noise can be nearly completely cancelled by the illumination of an additional cell with the same laser light and the subtraction of its photo current from that of the measurement cell. The correlation of the photo signals of different cells is just slightly decreased by the applied measurement and rf fields B0 and B1, respectively. As a result, in real magnetic field measurements using the photo-current subtraction, a noise-limited magnetic field resolution of just twice the shot-noise limit can be achieved. This is experimentally shown for the most thrifty setup with two cells; one time using the second cell just for the photo-current subtraction, the other time also serving for magnetic field measurements, forming a gradiometer with the first cell. Yet, the photo-current subtraction method is most appealing for magnetometer arrays, where the photo signal of just one additional vapour cell can be used for the noise reduction of the complete array. Noise Reduction Shot Noise Larmor Frequency Photo Current Coherent Population Trapping IJsselsteijn, R. aut Meyer, H.-G. aut Enthalten in Applied physics. B, Lasers and optics Springer-Verlag, 1981 100(2010), 4 vom: 30. Mai, Seite 717-724 (DE-627)130297682 (DE-600)579693-3 (DE-576)015877272 0946-2171 nnns volume:100 year:2010 number:4 day:30 month:05 pages:717-724 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00340-010-4084-9 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC SSG-OLC-PHY GBV_ILN_21 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_30 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_130 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_2018 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_4036 GBV_ILN_4116 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4266 GBV_ILN_4277 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4323 UA 9001 AR 100 2010 4 30 05 717-724
allfields_unstemmed	10.1007/s00340-010-4084-9 doi (DE-627)OLC2074299508 (DE-He213)s00340-010-4084-9-p DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 530 620 VZ 530 VZ UA 9001 VZ rvk Schultze, V. verfasserin aut Noise reduction in optically pumped magnetometer assemblies 2010 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier © Springer-Verlag 2010 Abstract In most magnetic field measurement configurations the resolution of optically pumped magnetometers is limited by the shot noise of the pump light. However, in practice this noise limit is overwhelmed by other sources. One of them is the conversion of the pump laser’s frequency modulation (FM) noise to amplitude modulation (AM) noise due to the absorption in the magnetometer’s alkali vapour cell. This extra noise can be nearly completely cancelled by the illumination of an additional cell with the same laser light and the subtraction of its photo current from that of the measurement cell. The correlation of the photo signals of different cells is just slightly decreased by the applied measurement and rf fields B0 and B1, respectively. As a result, in real magnetic field measurements using the photo-current subtraction, a noise-limited magnetic field resolution of just twice the shot-noise limit can be achieved. This is experimentally shown for the most thrifty setup with two cells; one time using the second cell just for the photo-current subtraction, the other time also serving for magnetic field measurements, forming a gradiometer with the first cell. Yet, the photo-current subtraction method is most appealing for magnetometer arrays, where the photo signal of just one additional vapour cell can be used for the noise reduction of the complete array. Noise Reduction Shot Noise Larmor Frequency Photo Current Coherent Population Trapping IJsselsteijn, R. aut Meyer, H.-G. aut Enthalten in Applied physics. B, Lasers and optics Springer-Verlag, 1981 100(2010), 4 vom: 30. Mai, Seite 717-724 (DE-627)130297682 (DE-600)579693-3 (DE-576)015877272 0946-2171 nnns volume:100 year:2010 number:4 day:30 month:05 pages:717-724 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00340-010-4084-9 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC SSG-OLC-PHY GBV_ILN_21 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_30 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_130 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_2018 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_4036 GBV_ILN_4116 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4266 GBV_ILN_4277 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4323 UA 9001 AR 100 2010 4 30 05 717-724
allfieldsGer	10.1007/s00340-010-4084-9 doi (DE-627)OLC2074299508 (DE-He213)s00340-010-4084-9-p DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 530 620 VZ 530 VZ UA 9001 VZ rvk Schultze, V. verfasserin aut Noise reduction in optically pumped magnetometer assemblies 2010 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier © Springer-Verlag 2010 Abstract In most magnetic field measurement configurations the resolution of optically pumped magnetometers is limited by the shot noise of the pump light. However, in practice this noise limit is overwhelmed by other sources. One of them is the conversion of the pump laser’s frequency modulation (FM) noise to amplitude modulation (AM) noise due to the absorption in the magnetometer’s alkali vapour cell. This extra noise can be nearly completely cancelled by the illumination of an additional cell with the same laser light and the subtraction of its photo current from that of the measurement cell. The correlation of the photo signals of different cells is just slightly decreased by the applied measurement and rf fields B0 and B1, respectively. As a result, in real magnetic field measurements using the photo-current subtraction, a noise-limited magnetic field resolution of just twice the shot-noise limit can be achieved. This is experimentally shown for the most thrifty setup with two cells; one time using the second cell just for the photo-current subtraction, the other time also serving for magnetic field measurements, forming a gradiometer with the first cell. Yet, the photo-current subtraction method is most appealing for magnetometer arrays, where the photo signal of just one additional vapour cell can be used for the noise reduction of the complete array. Noise Reduction Shot Noise Larmor Frequency Photo Current Coherent Population Trapping IJsselsteijn, R. aut Meyer, H.-G. aut Enthalten in Applied physics. B, Lasers and optics Springer-Verlag, 1981 100(2010), 4 vom: 30. Mai, Seite 717-724 (DE-627)130297682 (DE-600)579693-3 (DE-576)015877272 0946-2171 nnns volume:100 year:2010 number:4 day:30 month:05 pages:717-724 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00340-010-4084-9 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC SSG-OLC-PHY GBV_ILN_21 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_30 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_130 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_2018 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_4036 GBV_ILN_4116 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4266 GBV_ILN_4277 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4323 UA 9001 AR 100 2010 4 30 05 717-724
allfieldsSound	10.1007/s00340-010-4084-9 doi (DE-627)OLC2074299508 (DE-He213)s00340-010-4084-9-p DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 530 620 VZ 530 VZ UA 9001 VZ rvk Schultze, V. verfasserin aut Noise reduction in optically pumped magnetometer assemblies 2010 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier © Springer-Verlag 2010 Abstract In most magnetic field measurement configurations the resolution of optically pumped magnetometers is limited by the shot noise of the pump light. However, in practice this noise limit is overwhelmed by other sources. One of them is the conversion of the pump laser’s frequency modulation (FM) noise to amplitude modulation (AM) noise due to the absorption in the magnetometer’s alkali vapour cell. This extra noise can be nearly completely cancelled by the illumination of an additional cell with the same laser light and the subtraction of its photo current from that of the measurement cell. The correlation of the photo signals of different cells is just slightly decreased by the applied measurement and rf fields B0 and B1, respectively. As a result, in real magnetic field measurements using the photo-current subtraction, a noise-limited magnetic field resolution of just twice the shot-noise limit can be achieved. This is experimentally shown for the most thrifty setup with two cells; one time using the second cell just for the photo-current subtraction, the other time also serving for magnetic field measurements, forming a gradiometer with the first cell. Yet, the photo-current subtraction method is most appealing for magnetometer arrays, where the photo signal of just one additional vapour cell can be used for the noise reduction of the complete array. Noise Reduction Shot Noise Larmor Frequency Photo Current Coherent Population Trapping IJsselsteijn, R. aut Meyer, H.-G. aut Enthalten in Applied physics. B, Lasers and optics Springer-Verlag, 1981 100(2010), 4 vom: 30. Mai, Seite 717-724 (DE-627)130297682 (DE-600)579693-3 (DE-576)015877272 0946-2171 nnns volume:100 year:2010 number:4 day:30 month:05 pages:717-724 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00340-010-4084-9 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC SSG-OLC-PHY GBV_ILN_21 GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_30 GBV_ILN_60 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_130 GBV_ILN_170 GBV_ILN_285 GBV_ILN_2018 GBV_ILN_2021 GBV_ILN_4036 GBV_ILN_4116 GBV_ILN_4126 GBV_ILN_4266 GBV_ILN_4277 GBV_ILN_4307 GBV_ILN_4313 GBV_ILN_4323 UA 9001 AR 100 2010 4 30 05 717-724
language	English
source	Enthalten in Applied physics. B, Lasers and optics 100(2010), 4 vom: 30. Mai, Seite 717-724 volume:100 year:2010 number:4 day:30 month:05 pages:717-724
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author	Schultze, V.
spellingShingle	Schultze, V. ddc 530 rvk UA 9001 misc Noise Reduction misc Shot Noise misc Larmor Frequency misc Photo Current misc Coherent Population Trapping Noise reduction in optically pumped magnetometer assemblies
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topic_title	530 620 VZ 530 VZ UA 9001 VZ rvk Noise reduction in optically pumped magnetometer assemblies Noise Reduction Shot Noise Larmor Frequency Photo Current Coherent Population Trapping
topic	ddc 530 rvk UA 9001 misc Noise Reduction misc Shot Noise misc Larmor Frequency misc Photo Current misc Coherent Population Trapping
topic_unstemmed	ddc 530 rvk UA 9001 misc Noise Reduction misc Shot Noise misc Larmor Frequency misc Photo Current misc Coherent Population Trapping
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title	Noise reduction in optically pumped magnetometer assemblies
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title_full	Noise reduction in optically pumped magnetometer assemblies
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title_sort	noise reduction in optically pumped magnetometer assemblies
title_auth	Noise reduction in optically pumped magnetometer assemblies
abstract	Abstract In most magnetic field measurement configurations the resolution of optically pumped magnetometers is limited by the shot noise of the pump light. However, in practice this noise limit is overwhelmed by other sources. One of them is the conversion of the pump laser’s frequency modulation (FM) noise to amplitude modulation (AM) noise due to the absorption in the magnetometer’s alkali vapour cell. This extra noise can be nearly completely cancelled by the illumination of an additional cell with the same laser light and the subtraction of its photo current from that of the measurement cell. The correlation of the photo signals of different cells is just slightly decreased by the applied measurement and rf fields B0 and B1, respectively. As a result, in real magnetic field measurements using the photo-current subtraction, a noise-limited magnetic field resolution of just twice the shot-noise limit can be achieved. This is experimentally shown for the most thrifty setup with two cells; one time using the second cell just for the photo-current subtraction, the other time also serving for magnetic field measurements, forming a gradiometer with the first cell. Yet, the photo-current subtraction method is most appealing for magnetometer arrays, where the photo signal of just one additional vapour cell can be used for the noise reduction of the complete array. © Springer-Verlag 2010
abstractGer	Abstract In most magnetic field measurement configurations the resolution of optically pumped magnetometers is limited by the shot noise of the pump light. However, in practice this noise limit is overwhelmed by other sources. One of them is the conversion of the pump laser’s frequency modulation (FM) noise to amplitude modulation (AM) noise due to the absorption in the magnetometer’s alkali vapour cell. This extra noise can be nearly completely cancelled by the illumination of an additional cell with the same laser light and the subtraction of its photo current from that of the measurement cell. The correlation of the photo signals of different cells is just slightly decreased by the applied measurement and rf fields B0 and B1, respectively. As a result, in real magnetic field measurements using the photo-current subtraction, a noise-limited magnetic field resolution of just twice the shot-noise limit can be achieved. This is experimentally shown for the most thrifty setup with two cells; one time using the second cell just for the photo-current subtraction, the other time also serving for magnetic field measurements, forming a gradiometer with the first cell. Yet, the photo-current subtraction method is most appealing for magnetometer arrays, where the photo signal of just one additional vapour cell can be used for the noise reduction of the complete array. © Springer-Verlag 2010
abstract_unstemmed	Abstract In most magnetic field measurement configurations the resolution of optically pumped magnetometers is limited by the shot noise of the pump light. However, in practice this noise limit is overwhelmed by other sources. One of them is the conversion of the pump laser’s frequency modulation (FM) noise to amplitude modulation (AM) noise due to the absorption in the magnetometer’s alkali vapour cell. This extra noise can be nearly completely cancelled by the illumination of an additional cell with the same laser light and the subtraction of its photo current from that of the measurement cell. The correlation of the photo signals of different cells is just slightly decreased by the applied measurement and rf fields B0 and B1, respectively. As a result, in real magnetic field measurements using the photo-current subtraction, a noise-limited magnetic field resolution of just twice the shot-noise limit can be achieved. This is experimentally shown for the most thrifty setup with two cells; one time using the second cell just for the photo-current subtraction, the other time also serving for magnetic field measurements, forming a gradiometer with the first cell. Yet, the photo-current subtraction method is most appealing for magnetometer arrays, where the photo signal of just one additional vapour cell can be used for the noise reduction of the complete array. © Springer-Verlag 2010
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title_short	Noise reduction in optically pumped magnetometer assemblies
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