Subsidence hazards due to evaporite dissolution in the United States
Abstract Evaporites, including gypsum (or anhydrite) and salt, are the most soluble of common rocks; they are dissolved readily to form the same type of karst features that typically are found in limestones and dolomites, and their dissolution can locally result in major subsidence structures. The f...
Ausführliche Beschreibung
Gespeichert in:
| Autor*in: |
Johnson, Kenneth S. [verfasserIn] |
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| Format: |
Artikel |
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| Sprache: |
Englisch |
| Erschienen: |
2005 |
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| Schlagwörter: |
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| Systematik: |
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| Anmerkung: |
© Springer-Verlag 2005 |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
Enthalten in: Environmental geology - Springer-Verlag, 1975, 48(2005), 3 vom: 18. Mai, Seite 395-409 |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:48 ; year:2005 ; number:3 ; day:18 ; month:05 ; pages:395-409 |
| Links: |
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| DOI / URN: |
10.1007/s00254-005-1283-5 |
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| Katalog-ID: |
OLC2074405251 |
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| 520 | |a Abstract Evaporites, including gypsum (or anhydrite) and salt, are the most soluble of common rocks; they are dissolved readily to form the same type of karst features that typically are found in limestones and dolomites, and their dissolution can locally result in major subsidence structures. The four basic requirements for evaporite dissolution to occur are: (1) a deposit of gypsum or salt; (2) water, unsaturated with $ CaSO_{4} $ or NaCl; (3) an outlet for escape of dissolving water; and (4) energy to cause water to flow through the system. Evaporites are present in 32 of the 48 contiguous states of the United States, and they underlie about 35–40% of the land area. Karst is known at least locally (and sometimes quite extensively) in almost all areas underlain by evaporites, and some of these karst features involve significant subsidence. The most widespread and pronounced examples of both gypsum and salt karst and subsidence are in the Permian basin of the southwestern United States, but many other areas also are significant. Human activities have caused some evaporite–subsidence development, primarily in salt deposits. Boreholes may enable (either intentionally or inadvertently) unsaturated water to flow through or against salt deposits, thus allowing development of small to large dissolution cavities. If the dissolution cavity is large enough and shallow enough, successive roof failures above the cavity can cause land subsidence or catastrophic collapse. | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Evaporite karst | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Gypsum karst | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Salt karst | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Sinkholes | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Collapse | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Evaporite dissolution | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Subsidence hazards | |
| 650 | 4 | |a USA | |
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10.1007/s00254-005-1283-5 doi (DE-627)OLC2074405251 (DE-He213)s00254-005-1283-5-p DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 330 550 VZ 550 VZ 13 ssgn TE 3140 VZ rvk Johnson, Kenneth S. verfasserin aut Subsidence hazards due to evaporite dissolution in the United States 2005 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier © Springer-Verlag 2005 Abstract Evaporites, including gypsum (or anhydrite) and salt, are the most soluble of common rocks; they are dissolved readily to form the same type of karst features that typically are found in limestones and dolomites, and their dissolution can locally result in major subsidence structures. The four basic requirements for evaporite dissolution to occur are: (1) a deposit of gypsum or salt; (2) water, unsaturated with $ CaSO_{4} $ or NaCl; (3) an outlet for escape of dissolving water; and (4) energy to cause water to flow through the system. Evaporites are present in 32 of the 48 contiguous states of the United States, and they underlie about 35–40% of the land area. Karst is known at least locally (and sometimes quite extensively) in almost all areas underlain by evaporites, and some of these karst features involve significant subsidence. The most widespread and pronounced examples of both gypsum and salt karst and subsidence are in the Permian basin of the southwestern United States, but many other areas also are significant. Human activities have caused some evaporite–subsidence development, primarily in salt deposits. Boreholes may enable (either intentionally or inadvertently) unsaturated water to flow through or against salt deposits, thus allowing development of small to large dissolution cavities. If the dissolution cavity is large enough and shallow enough, successive roof failures above the cavity can cause land subsidence or catastrophic collapse. Evaporite karst Gypsum karst Salt karst Sinkholes Collapse Evaporite dissolution Subsidence hazards USA Enthalten in Environmental geology Springer-Verlag, 1975 48(2005), 3 vom: 18. Mai, Seite 395-409 (DE-627)129421634 (DE-600)190352-4 (DE-576)014797453 0943-0105 nnns volume:48 year:2005 number:3 day:18 month:05 pages:395-409 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00254-005-1283-5 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC SSG-OLC-GEO SSG-OPC-GGO GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_30 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_267 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2018 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4277 GBV_ILN_4309 GBV_ILN_4314 TE 3140 AR 48 2005 3 18 05 395-409 |
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10.1007/s00254-005-1283-5 doi (DE-627)OLC2074405251 (DE-He213)s00254-005-1283-5-p DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 330 550 VZ 550 VZ 13 ssgn TE 3140 VZ rvk Johnson, Kenneth S. verfasserin aut Subsidence hazards due to evaporite dissolution in the United States 2005 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier © Springer-Verlag 2005 Abstract Evaporites, including gypsum (or anhydrite) and salt, are the most soluble of common rocks; they are dissolved readily to form the same type of karst features that typically are found in limestones and dolomites, and their dissolution can locally result in major subsidence structures. The four basic requirements for evaporite dissolution to occur are: (1) a deposit of gypsum or salt; (2) water, unsaturated with $ CaSO_{4} $ or NaCl; (3) an outlet for escape of dissolving water; and (4) energy to cause water to flow through the system. Evaporites are present in 32 of the 48 contiguous states of the United States, and they underlie about 35–40% of the land area. Karst is known at least locally (and sometimes quite extensively) in almost all areas underlain by evaporites, and some of these karst features involve significant subsidence. The most widespread and pronounced examples of both gypsum and salt karst and subsidence are in the Permian basin of the southwestern United States, but many other areas also are significant. Human activities have caused some evaporite–subsidence development, primarily in salt deposits. Boreholes may enable (either intentionally or inadvertently) unsaturated water to flow through or against salt deposits, thus allowing development of small to large dissolution cavities. If the dissolution cavity is large enough and shallow enough, successive roof failures above the cavity can cause land subsidence or catastrophic collapse. Evaporite karst Gypsum karst Salt karst Sinkholes Collapse Evaporite dissolution Subsidence hazards USA Enthalten in Environmental geology Springer-Verlag, 1975 48(2005), 3 vom: 18. Mai, Seite 395-409 (DE-627)129421634 (DE-600)190352-4 (DE-576)014797453 0943-0105 nnns volume:48 year:2005 number:3 day:18 month:05 pages:395-409 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00254-005-1283-5 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC SSG-OLC-GEO SSG-OPC-GGO GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_30 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_267 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2018 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4277 GBV_ILN_4309 GBV_ILN_4314 TE 3140 AR 48 2005 3 18 05 395-409 |
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10.1007/s00254-005-1283-5 doi (DE-627)OLC2074405251 (DE-He213)s00254-005-1283-5-p DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 330 550 VZ 550 VZ 13 ssgn TE 3140 VZ rvk Johnson, Kenneth S. verfasserin aut Subsidence hazards due to evaporite dissolution in the United States 2005 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier © Springer-Verlag 2005 Abstract Evaporites, including gypsum (or anhydrite) and salt, are the most soluble of common rocks; they are dissolved readily to form the same type of karst features that typically are found in limestones and dolomites, and their dissolution can locally result in major subsidence structures. The four basic requirements for evaporite dissolution to occur are: (1) a deposit of gypsum or salt; (2) water, unsaturated with $ CaSO_{4} $ or NaCl; (3) an outlet for escape of dissolving water; and (4) energy to cause water to flow through the system. Evaporites are present in 32 of the 48 contiguous states of the United States, and they underlie about 35–40% of the land area. Karst is known at least locally (and sometimes quite extensively) in almost all areas underlain by evaporites, and some of these karst features involve significant subsidence. The most widespread and pronounced examples of both gypsum and salt karst and subsidence are in the Permian basin of the southwestern United States, but many other areas also are significant. Human activities have caused some evaporite–subsidence development, primarily in salt deposits. Boreholes may enable (either intentionally or inadvertently) unsaturated water to flow through or against salt deposits, thus allowing development of small to large dissolution cavities. If the dissolution cavity is large enough and shallow enough, successive roof failures above the cavity can cause land subsidence or catastrophic collapse. Evaporite karst Gypsum karst Salt karst Sinkholes Collapse Evaporite dissolution Subsidence hazards USA Enthalten in Environmental geology Springer-Verlag, 1975 48(2005), 3 vom: 18. Mai, Seite 395-409 (DE-627)129421634 (DE-600)190352-4 (DE-576)014797453 0943-0105 nnns volume:48 year:2005 number:3 day:18 month:05 pages:395-409 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00254-005-1283-5 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC SSG-OLC-GEO SSG-OPC-GGO GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_30 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_267 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2018 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4277 GBV_ILN_4309 GBV_ILN_4314 TE 3140 AR 48 2005 3 18 05 395-409 |
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10.1007/s00254-005-1283-5 doi (DE-627)OLC2074405251 (DE-He213)s00254-005-1283-5-p DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 330 550 VZ 550 VZ 13 ssgn TE 3140 VZ rvk Johnson, Kenneth S. verfasserin aut Subsidence hazards due to evaporite dissolution in the United States 2005 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier © Springer-Verlag 2005 Abstract Evaporites, including gypsum (or anhydrite) and salt, are the most soluble of common rocks; they are dissolved readily to form the same type of karst features that typically are found in limestones and dolomites, and their dissolution can locally result in major subsidence structures. The four basic requirements for evaporite dissolution to occur are: (1) a deposit of gypsum or salt; (2) water, unsaturated with $ CaSO_{4} $ or NaCl; (3) an outlet for escape of dissolving water; and (4) energy to cause water to flow through the system. Evaporites are present in 32 of the 48 contiguous states of the United States, and they underlie about 35–40% of the land area. Karst is known at least locally (and sometimes quite extensively) in almost all areas underlain by evaporites, and some of these karst features involve significant subsidence. The most widespread and pronounced examples of both gypsum and salt karst and subsidence are in the Permian basin of the southwestern United States, but many other areas also are significant. Human activities have caused some evaporite–subsidence development, primarily in salt deposits. Boreholes may enable (either intentionally or inadvertently) unsaturated water to flow through or against salt deposits, thus allowing development of small to large dissolution cavities. If the dissolution cavity is large enough and shallow enough, successive roof failures above the cavity can cause land subsidence or catastrophic collapse. Evaporite karst Gypsum karst Salt karst Sinkholes Collapse Evaporite dissolution Subsidence hazards USA Enthalten in Environmental geology Springer-Verlag, 1975 48(2005), 3 vom: 18. Mai, Seite 395-409 (DE-627)129421634 (DE-600)190352-4 (DE-576)014797453 0943-0105 nnns volume:48 year:2005 number:3 day:18 month:05 pages:395-409 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00254-005-1283-5 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC SSG-OLC-GEO SSG-OPC-GGO GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_30 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_267 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2018 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4277 GBV_ILN_4309 GBV_ILN_4314 TE 3140 AR 48 2005 3 18 05 395-409 |
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10.1007/s00254-005-1283-5 doi (DE-627)OLC2074405251 (DE-He213)s00254-005-1283-5-p DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 330 550 VZ 550 VZ 13 ssgn TE 3140 VZ rvk Johnson, Kenneth S. verfasserin aut Subsidence hazards due to evaporite dissolution in the United States 2005 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier © Springer-Verlag 2005 Abstract Evaporites, including gypsum (or anhydrite) and salt, are the most soluble of common rocks; they are dissolved readily to form the same type of karst features that typically are found in limestones and dolomites, and their dissolution can locally result in major subsidence structures. The four basic requirements for evaporite dissolution to occur are: (1) a deposit of gypsum or salt; (2) water, unsaturated with $ CaSO_{4} $ or NaCl; (3) an outlet for escape of dissolving water; and (4) energy to cause water to flow through the system. Evaporites are present in 32 of the 48 contiguous states of the United States, and they underlie about 35–40% of the land area. Karst is known at least locally (and sometimes quite extensively) in almost all areas underlain by evaporites, and some of these karst features involve significant subsidence. The most widespread and pronounced examples of both gypsum and salt karst and subsidence are in the Permian basin of the southwestern United States, but many other areas also are significant. Human activities have caused some evaporite–subsidence development, primarily in salt deposits. Boreholes may enable (either intentionally or inadvertently) unsaturated water to flow through or against salt deposits, thus allowing development of small to large dissolution cavities. If the dissolution cavity is large enough and shallow enough, successive roof failures above the cavity can cause land subsidence or catastrophic collapse. Evaporite karst Gypsum karst Salt karst Sinkholes Collapse Evaporite dissolution Subsidence hazards USA Enthalten in Environmental geology Springer-Verlag, 1975 48(2005), 3 vom: 18. Mai, Seite 395-409 (DE-627)129421634 (DE-600)190352-4 (DE-576)014797453 0943-0105 nnns volume:48 year:2005 number:3 day:18 month:05 pages:395-409 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00254-005-1283-5 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC SSG-OLC-GEO SSG-OPC-GGO GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_30 GBV_ILN_40 GBV_ILN_65 GBV_ILN_69 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_267 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2010 GBV_ILN_2014 GBV_ILN_2018 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4046 GBV_ILN_4277 GBV_ILN_4309 GBV_ILN_4314 TE 3140 AR 48 2005 3 18 05 395-409 |
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Johnson, Kenneth S. ddc 330 ddc 550 ssgn 13 rvk TE 3140 misc Evaporite karst misc Gypsum karst misc Salt karst misc Sinkholes misc Collapse misc Evaporite dissolution misc Subsidence hazards misc USA Subsidence hazards due to evaporite dissolution in the United States |
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Subsidence hazards due to evaporite dissolution in the United States |
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Abstract Evaporites, including gypsum (or anhydrite) and salt, are the most soluble of common rocks; they are dissolved readily to form the same type of karst features that typically are found in limestones and dolomites, and their dissolution can locally result in major subsidence structures. The four basic requirements for evaporite dissolution to occur are: (1) a deposit of gypsum or salt; (2) water, unsaturated with $ CaSO_{4} $ or NaCl; (3) an outlet for escape of dissolving water; and (4) energy to cause water to flow through the system. Evaporites are present in 32 of the 48 contiguous states of the United States, and they underlie about 35–40% of the land area. Karst is known at least locally (and sometimes quite extensively) in almost all areas underlain by evaporites, and some of these karst features involve significant subsidence. The most widespread and pronounced examples of both gypsum and salt karst and subsidence are in the Permian basin of the southwestern United States, but many other areas also are significant. Human activities have caused some evaporite–subsidence development, primarily in salt deposits. Boreholes may enable (either intentionally or inadvertently) unsaturated water to flow through or against salt deposits, thus allowing development of small to large dissolution cavities. If the dissolution cavity is large enough and shallow enough, successive roof failures above the cavity can cause land subsidence or catastrophic collapse. © Springer-Verlag 2005 |
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Abstract Evaporites, including gypsum (or anhydrite) and salt, are the most soluble of common rocks; they are dissolved readily to form the same type of karst features that typically are found in limestones and dolomites, and their dissolution can locally result in major subsidence structures. The four basic requirements for evaporite dissolution to occur are: (1) a deposit of gypsum or salt; (2) water, unsaturated with $ CaSO_{4} $ or NaCl; (3) an outlet for escape of dissolving water; and (4) energy to cause water to flow through the system. Evaporites are present in 32 of the 48 contiguous states of the United States, and they underlie about 35–40% of the land area. Karst is known at least locally (and sometimes quite extensively) in almost all areas underlain by evaporites, and some of these karst features involve significant subsidence. The most widespread and pronounced examples of both gypsum and salt karst and subsidence are in the Permian basin of the southwestern United States, but many other areas also are significant. Human activities have caused some evaporite–subsidence development, primarily in salt deposits. Boreholes may enable (either intentionally or inadvertently) unsaturated water to flow through or against salt deposits, thus allowing development of small to large dissolution cavities. If the dissolution cavity is large enough and shallow enough, successive roof failures above the cavity can cause land subsidence or catastrophic collapse. © Springer-Verlag 2005 |
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Abstract Evaporites, including gypsum (or anhydrite) and salt, are the most soluble of common rocks; they are dissolved readily to form the same type of karst features that typically are found in limestones and dolomites, and their dissolution can locally result in major subsidence structures. The four basic requirements for evaporite dissolution to occur are: (1) a deposit of gypsum or salt; (2) water, unsaturated with $ CaSO_{4} $ or NaCl; (3) an outlet for escape of dissolving water; and (4) energy to cause water to flow through the system. Evaporites are present in 32 of the 48 contiguous states of the United States, and they underlie about 35–40% of the land area. Karst is known at least locally (and sometimes quite extensively) in almost all areas underlain by evaporites, and some of these karst features involve significant subsidence. The most widespread and pronounced examples of both gypsum and salt karst and subsidence are in the Permian basin of the southwestern United States, but many other areas also are significant. Human activities have caused some evaporite–subsidence development, primarily in salt deposits. Boreholes may enable (either intentionally or inadvertently) unsaturated water to flow through or against salt deposits, thus allowing development of small to large dissolution cavities. If the dissolution cavity is large enough and shallow enough, successive roof failures above the cavity can cause land subsidence or catastrophic collapse. © Springer-Verlag 2005 |
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