Performance analysis of downlink multipath multi-user NOMA-VLC system
Abstract In the present paper, we have investigated performance of Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access based downlink multipath multi-user Visible Light Communication System. The Bit Error Rate (BER), sum rate and outage probability have been simulated using Line-Of-Sight (LOS) and LOS plus first reflect...
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| Autor*in: |
Kumar, Ajit [verfasserIn] |
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| Format: |
Artikel |
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| Sprache: |
Englisch |
| Erschienen: |
2022 |
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| Anmerkung: |
© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2022. Springer Nature or its licensor holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law. |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
Enthalten in: Optical and quantum electronics - Springer US, 1975, 54(2022), 10 vom: 29. Aug. |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:54 ; year:2022 ; number:10 ; day:29 ; month:08 |
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| DOI / URN: |
10.1007/s11082-022-04068-x |
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| Katalog-ID: |
OLC207944249X |
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| 520 | |a Abstract In the present paper, we have investigated performance of Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access based downlink multipath multi-user Visible Light Communication System. The Bit Error Rate (BER), sum rate and outage probability have been simulated using Line-Of-Sight (LOS) and LOS plus first reflection (L-R1) signal for two-user and three-user system. The simulation has been carried out for different values of semi-angle $${\mathrm{\varphi }}_{1/2}$$ of the LED i.e. $$30^\circ , 50^\circ$$ and 70$$^\circ$$. In the two-user system, the LOS simulation result shows that the error probability is 7.49 × $ 10^{−3} $, 4.88 × $ 10^{−3} $ and 1.03 × $ 10^{−1} $ when $${\mathrm{\varphi }}_{1/2}$$ equals to70$$^\circ$$, 50° and $$30^\circ$$ respectively for user-1. And for user-2, the BER is found to be 4.89 × $ 10^{−2} $, 5.84 × $ 10^{−2} $ and 3.73 × $ 10^{−1} $ using $${\mathrm{\varphi }}_{1/2}$$ equals to70$$^\circ$$, $$50^\circ$$ and $$30^\circ$$. Thus, the optimal semi-angle $${\mathrm{\varphi }}_{1/2}$$ for user-1 and user-2 using LOS signal is $$50^\circ$$, 70$$^\circ$$ respectively. However, for the three-user system, the error probability increases when compared to two-user system and the optimal values of semi-angle for user-1 changes to $$30^\circ$$ and for user-2 & user-3, it is 70$$^\circ$$. Moreover, in two-user system with L-R1 signal, the optimal value is 70$$^\circ$$ for both user-1 and user-2. The SIC method fails to decode the user’s signal when number of users increases to three in L-R1 signal case. Further, with the far user power allocation coefficient equal to 0.8, the average BER is found to be minimum for two-user system. The sum rate vs. normalized offset has been simulated for different values of semi-angle of the LED. The investigation shows that the maximum sum rate of 278.84 Mbps is achieved at $${\mathrm{\varphi }}_{1/2}$$ equals to $$50^\circ$$ for the two-user system using LOS signal. We have also examined the effect of shadowing (blocked LOS signal) and found that sum rate is almost zero for small values of $${\varphi }_{1/2}$$ i.e. $$20^\circ$$ and $$30^\circ$$. Finally, for the semi-angle value of $$30^\circ$$ the outage probability (for target rate beyond 3bps/Hz) reaches to 100 percent for both users. | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a VLC | |
| 650 | 4 | |a NOMA | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Semi-angle | |
| 650 | 4 | |a BER | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Sum rate | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Sharan, N. |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Ghorai, S. K. |4 aut | |
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10.1007/s11082-022-04068-x doi (DE-627)OLC207944249X (DE-He213)s11082-022-04068-x-p DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 500 620 VZ Kumar, Ajit verfasserin (orcid)0000-0001-7042-5475 aut Performance analysis of downlink multipath multi-user NOMA-VLC system 2022 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2022. Springer Nature or its licensor holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law. Abstract In the present paper, we have investigated performance of Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access based downlink multipath multi-user Visible Light Communication System. The Bit Error Rate (BER), sum rate and outage probability have been simulated using Line-Of-Sight (LOS) and LOS plus first reflection (L-R1) signal for two-user and three-user system. The simulation has been carried out for different values of semi-angle $${\mathrm{\varphi }}_{1/2}$$ of the LED i.e. $$30^\circ , 50^\circ$$ and 70$$^\circ$$. In the two-user system, the LOS simulation result shows that the error probability is 7.49 × $ 10^{−3} $, 4.88 × $ 10^{−3} $ and 1.03 × $ 10^{−1} $ when $${\mathrm{\varphi }}_{1/2}$$ equals to70$$^\circ$$, 50° and $$30^\circ$$ respectively for user-1. And for user-2, the BER is found to be 4.89 × $ 10^{−2} $, 5.84 × $ 10^{−2} $ and 3.73 × $ 10^{−1} $ using $${\mathrm{\varphi }}_{1/2}$$ equals to70$$^\circ$$, $$50^\circ$$ and $$30^\circ$$. Thus, the optimal semi-angle $${\mathrm{\varphi }}_{1/2}$$ for user-1 and user-2 using LOS signal is $$50^\circ$$, 70$$^\circ$$ respectively. However, for the three-user system, the error probability increases when compared to two-user system and the optimal values of semi-angle for user-1 changes to $$30^\circ$$ and for user-2 & user-3, it is 70$$^\circ$$. Moreover, in two-user system with L-R1 signal, the optimal value is 70$$^\circ$$ for both user-1 and user-2. The SIC method fails to decode the user’s signal when number of users increases to three in L-R1 signal case. Further, with the far user power allocation coefficient equal to 0.8, the average BER is found to be minimum for two-user system. The sum rate vs. normalized offset has been simulated for different values of semi-angle of the LED. The investigation shows that the maximum sum rate of 278.84 Mbps is achieved at $${\mathrm{\varphi }}_{1/2}$$ equals to $$50^\circ$$ for the two-user system using LOS signal. We have also examined the effect of shadowing (blocked LOS signal) and found that sum rate is almost zero for small values of $${\varphi }_{1/2}$$ i.e. $$20^\circ$$ and $$30^\circ$$. Finally, for the semi-angle value of $$30^\circ$$ the outage probability (for target rate beyond 3bps/Hz) reaches to 100 percent for both users. VLC NOMA Semi-angle BER Sum rate Sharan, N. aut Ghorai, S. K. aut Enthalten in Optical and quantum electronics Springer US, 1975 54(2022), 10 vom: 29. Aug. (DE-627)129419540 (DE-600)189950-8 (DE-576)014796139 0306-8919 nnns volume:54 year:2022 number:10 day:29 month:08 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-022-04068-x lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC SSG-OLC-TEC SSG-OLC-PHY AR 54 2022 10 29 08 |
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10.1007/s11082-022-04068-x doi (DE-627)OLC207944249X (DE-He213)s11082-022-04068-x-p DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 500 620 VZ Kumar, Ajit verfasserin (orcid)0000-0001-7042-5475 aut Performance analysis of downlink multipath multi-user NOMA-VLC system 2022 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2022. Springer Nature or its licensor holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law. Abstract In the present paper, we have investigated performance of Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access based downlink multipath multi-user Visible Light Communication System. The Bit Error Rate (BER), sum rate and outage probability have been simulated using Line-Of-Sight (LOS) and LOS plus first reflection (L-R1) signal for two-user and three-user system. The simulation has been carried out for different values of semi-angle $${\mathrm{\varphi }}_{1/2}$$ of the LED i.e. $$30^\circ , 50^\circ$$ and 70$$^\circ$$. In the two-user system, the LOS simulation result shows that the error probability is 7.49 × $ 10^{−3} $, 4.88 × $ 10^{−3} $ and 1.03 × $ 10^{−1} $ when $${\mathrm{\varphi }}_{1/2}$$ equals to70$$^\circ$$, 50° and $$30^\circ$$ respectively for user-1. And for user-2, the BER is found to be 4.89 × $ 10^{−2} $, 5.84 × $ 10^{−2} $ and 3.73 × $ 10^{−1} $ using $${\mathrm{\varphi }}_{1/2}$$ equals to70$$^\circ$$, $$50^\circ$$ and $$30^\circ$$. Thus, the optimal semi-angle $${\mathrm{\varphi }}_{1/2}$$ for user-1 and user-2 using LOS signal is $$50^\circ$$, 70$$^\circ$$ respectively. However, for the three-user system, the error probability increases when compared to two-user system and the optimal values of semi-angle for user-1 changes to $$30^\circ$$ and for user-2 & user-3, it is 70$$^\circ$$. Moreover, in two-user system with L-R1 signal, the optimal value is 70$$^\circ$$ for both user-1 and user-2. The SIC method fails to decode the user’s signal when number of users increases to three in L-R1 signal case. Further, with the far user power allocation coefficient equal to 0.8, the average BER is found to be minimum for two-user system. The sum rate vs. normalized offset has been simulated for different values of semi-angle of the LED. The investigation shows that the maximum sum rate of 278.84 Mbps is achieved at $${\mathrm{\varphi }}_{1/2}$$ equals to $$50^\circ$$ for the two-user system using LOS signal. We have also examined the effect of shadowing (blocked LOS signal) and found that sum rate is almost zero for small values of $${\varphi }_{1/2}$$ i.e. $$20^\circ$$ and $$30^\circ$$. Finally, for the semi-angle value of $$30^\circ$$ the outage probability (for target rate beyond 3bps/Hz) reaches to 100 percent for both users. VLC NOMA Semi-angle BER Sum rate Sharan, N. aut Ghorai, S. K. aut Enthalten in Optical and quantum electronics Springer US, 1975 54(2022), 10 vom: 29. Aug. (DE-627)129419540 (DE-600)189950-8 (DE-576)014796139 0306-8919 nnns volume:54 year:2022 number:10 day:29 month:08 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-022-04068-x lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC SSG-OLC-TEC SSG-OLC-PHY AR 54 2022 10 29 08 |
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10.1007/s11082-022-04068-x doi (DE-627)OLC207944249X (DE-He213)s11082-022-04068-x-p DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 500 620 VZ Kumar, Ajit verfasserin (orcid)0000-0001-7042-5475 aut Performance analysis of downlink multipath multi-user NOMA-VLC system 2022 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2022. Springer Nature or its licensor holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law. Abstract In the present paper, we have investigated performance of Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access based downlink multipath multi-user Visible Light Communication System. The Bit Error Rate (BER), sum rate and outage probability have been simulated using Line-Of-Sight (LOS) and LOS plus first reflection (L-R1) signal for two-user and three-user system. The simulation has been carried out for different values of semi-angle $${\mathrm{\varphi }}_{1/2}$$ of the LED i.e. $$30^\circ , 50^\circ$$ and 70$$^\circ$$. In the two-user system, the LOS simulation result shows that the error probability is 7.49 × $ 10^{−3} $, 4.88 × $ 10^{−3} $ and 1.03 × $ 10^{−1} $ when $${\mathrm{\varphi }}_{1/2}$$ equals to70$$^\circ$$, 50° and $$30^\circ$$ respectively for user-1. And for user-2, the BER is found to be 4.89 × $ 10^{−2} $, 5.84 × $ 10^{−2} $ and 3.73 × $ 10^{−1} $ using $${\mathrm{\varphi }}_{1/2}$$ equals to70$$^\circ$$, $$50^\circ$$ and $$30^\circ$$. Thus, the optimal semi-angle $${\mathrm{\varphi }}_{1/2}$$ for user-1 and user-2 using LOS signal is $$50^\circ$$, 70$$^\circ$$ respectively. However, for the three-user system, the error probability increases when compared to two-user system and the optimal values of semi-angle for user-1 changes to $$30^\circ$$ and for user-2 & user-3, it is 70$$^\circ$$. Moreover, in two-user system with L-R1 signal, the optimal value is 70$$^\circ$$ for both user-1 and user-2. The SIC method fails to decode the user’s signal when number of users increases to three in L-R1 signal case. Further, with the far user power allocation coefficient equal to 0.8, the average BER is found to be minimum for two-user system. The sum rate vs. normalized offset has been simulated for different values of semi-angle of the LED. The investigation shows that the maximum sum rate of 278.84 Mbps is achieved at $${\mathrm{\varphi }}_{1/2}$$ equals to $$50^\circ$$ for the two-user system using LOS signal. We have also examined the effect of shadowing (blocked LOS signal) and found that sum rate is almost zero for small values of $${\varphi }_{1/2}$$ i.e. $$20^\circ$$ and $$30^\circ$$. Finally, for the semi-angle value of $$30^\circ$$ the outage probability (for target rate beyond 3bps/Hz) reaches to 100 percent for both users. VLC NOMA Semi-angle BER Sum rate Sharan, N. aut Ghorai, S. K. aut Enthalten in Optical and quantum electronics Springer US, 1975 54(2022), 10 vom: 29. Aug. (DE-627)129419540 (DE-600)189950-8 (DE-576)014796139 0306-8919 nnns volume:54 year:2022 number:10 day:29 month:08 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-022-04068-x lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC SSG-OLC-TEC SSG-OLC-PHY AR 54 2022 10 29 08 |
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10.1007/s11082-022-04068-x doi (DE-627)OLC207944249X (DE-He213)s11082-022-04068-x-p DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 500 620 VZ Kumar, Ajit verfasserin (orcid)0000-0001-7042-5475 aut Performance analysis of downlink multipath multi-user NOMA-VLC system 2022 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2022. Springer Nature or its licensor holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law. Abstract In the present paper, we have investigated performance of Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access based downlink multipath multi-user Visible Light Communication System. The Bit Error Rate (BER), sum rate and outage probability have been simulated using Line-Of-Sight (LOS) and LOS plus first reflection (L-R1) signal for two-user and three-user system. The simulation has been carried out for different values of semi-angle $${\mathrm{\varphi }}_{1/2}$$ of the LED i.e. $$30^\circ , 50^\circ$$ and 70$$^\circ$$. In the two-user system, the LOS simulation result shows that the error probability is 7.49 × $ 10^{−3} $, 4.88 × $ 10^{−3} $ and 1.03 × $ 10^{−1} $ when $${\mathrm{\varphi }}_{1/2}$$ equals to70$$^\circ$$, 50° and $$30^\circ$$ respectively for user-1. And for user-2, the BER is found to be 4.89 × $ 10^{−2} $, 5.84 × $ 10^{−2} $ and 3.73 × $ 10^{−1} $ using $${\mathrm{\varphi }}_{1/2}$$ equals to70$$^\circ$$, $$50^\circ$$ and $$30^\circ$$. Thus, the optimal semi-angle $${\mathrm{\varphi }}_{1/2}$$ for user-1 and user-2 using LOS signal is $$50^\circ$$, 70$$^\circ$$ respectively. However, for the three-user system, the error probability increases when compared to two-user system and the optimal values of semi-angle for user-1 changes to $$30^\circ$$ and for user-2 & user-3, it is 70$$^\circ$$. Moreover, in two-user system with L-R1 signal, the optimal value is 70$$^\circ$$ for both user-1 and user-2. The SIC method fails to decode the user’s signal when number of users increases to three in L-R1 signal case. Further, with the far user power allocation coefficient equal to 0.8, the average BER is found to be minimum for two-user system. The sum rate vs. normalized offset has been simulated for different values of semi-angle of the LED. The investigation shows that the maximum sum rate of 278.84 Mbps is achieved at $${\mathrm{\varphi }}_{1/2}$$ equals to $$50^\circ$$ for the two-user system using LOS signal. We have also examined the effect of shadowing (blocked LOS signal) and found that sum rate is almost zero for small values of $${\varphi }_{1/2}$$ i.e. $$20^\circ$$ and $$30^\circ$$. Finally, for the semi-angle value of $$30^\circ$$ the outage probability (for target rate beyond 3bps/Hz) reaches to 100 percent for both users. VLC NOMA Semi-angle BER Sum rate Sharan, N. aut Ghorai, S. K. aut Enthalten in Optical and quantum electronics Springer US, 1975 54(2022), 10 vom: 29. Aug. (DE-627)129419540 (DE-600)189950-8 (DE-576)014796139 0306-8919 nnns volume:54 year:2022 number:10 day:29 month:08 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-022-04068-x lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC SSG-OLC-TEC SSG-OLC-PHY AR 54 2022 10 29 08 |
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10.1007/s11082-022-04068-x doi (DE-627)OLC207944249X (DE-He213)s11082-022-04068-x-p DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 500 620 VZ Kumar, Ajit verfasserin (orcid)0000-0001-7042-5475 aut Performance analysis of downlink multipath multi-user NOMA-VLC system 2022 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2022. Springer Nature or its licensor holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law. Abstract In the present paper, we have investigated performance of Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access based downlink multipath multi-user Visible Light Communication System. The Bit Error Rate (BER), sum rate and outage probability have been simulated using Line-Of-Sight (LOS) and LOS plus first reflection (L-R1) signal for two-user and three-user system. The simulation has been carried out for different values of semi-angle $${\mathrm{\varphi }}_{1/2}$$ of the LED i.e. $$30^\circ , 50^\circ$$ and 70$$^\circ$$. In the two-user system, the LOS simulation result shows that the error probability is 7.49 × $ 10^{−3} $, 4.88 × $ 10^{−3} $ and 1.03 × $ 10^{−1} $ when $${\mathrm{\varphi }}_{1/2}$$ equals to70$$^\circ$$, 50° and $$30^\circ$$ respectively for user-1. And for user-2, the BER is found to be 4.89 × $ 10^{−2} $, 5.84 × $ 10^{−2} $ and 3.73 × $ 10^{−1} $ using $${\mathrm{\varphi }}_{1/2}$$ equals to70$$^\circ$$, $$50^\circ$$ and $$30^\circ$$. Thus, the optimal semi-angle $${\mathrm{\varphi }}_{1/2}$$ for user-1 and user-2 using LOS signal is $$50^\circ$$, 70$$^\circ$$ respectively. However, for the three-user system, the error probability increases when compared to two-user system and the optimal values of semi-angle for user-1 changes to $$30^\circ$$ and for user-2 & user-3, it is 70$$^\circ$$. Moreover, in two-user system with L-R1 signal, the optimal value is 70$$^\circ$$ for both user-1 and user-2. The SIC method fails to decode the user’s signal when number of users increases to three in L-R1 signal case. Further, with the far user power allocation coefficient equal to 0.8, the average BER is found to be minimum for two-user system. The sum rate vs. normalized offset has been simulated for different values of semi-angle of the LED. The investigation shows that the maximum sum rate of 278.84 Mbps is achieved at $${\mathrm{\varphi }}_{1/2}$$ equals to $$50^\circ$$ for the two-user system using LOS signal. We have also examined the effect of shadowing (blocked LOS signal) and found that sum rate is almost zero for small values of $${\varphi }_{1/2}$$ i.e. $$20^\circ$$ and $$30^\circ$$. Finally, for the semi-angle value of $$30^\circ$$ the outage probability (for target rate beyond 3bps/Hz) reaches to 100 percent for both users. VLC NOMA Semi-angle BER Sum rate Sharan, N. aut Ghorai, S. K. aut Enthalten in Optical and quantum electronics Springer US, 1975 54(2022), 10 vom: 29. Aug. (DE-627)129419540 (DE-600)189950-8 (DE-576)014796139 0306-8919 nnns volume:54 year:2022 number:10 day:29 month:08 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-022-04068-x lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC SSG-OLC-TEC SSG-OLC-PHY AR 54 2022 10 29 08 |
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Springer Nature or its licensor holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.</subfield></datafield><datafield tag="520" ind1=" " ind2=" "><subfield code="a">Abstract In the present paper, we have investigated performance of Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access based downlink multipath multi-user Visible Light Communication System. The Bit Error Rate (BER), sum rate and outage probability have been simulated using Line-Of-Sight (LOS) and LOS plus first reflection (L-R1) signal for two-user and three-user system. The simulation has been carried out for different values of semi-angle $${\mathrm{\varphi }}_{1/2}$$ of the LED i.e. $$30^\circ , 50^\circ$$ and 70$$^\circ$$. In the two-user system, the LOS simulation result shows that the error probability is 7.49 × $ 10^{−3} $, 4.88 × $ 10^{−3} $ and 1.03 × $ 10^{−1} $ when $${\mathrm{\varphi }}_{1/2}$$ equals to70$$^\circ$$, 50° and $$30^\circ$$ respectively for user-1. And for user-2, the BER is found to be 4.89 × $ 10^{−2} $, 5.84 × $ 10^{−2} $ and 3.73 × $ 10^{−1} $ using $${\mathrm{\varphi }}_{1/2}$$ equals to70$$^\circ$$, $$50^\circ$$ and $$30^\circ$$. Thus, the optimal semi-angle $${\mathrm{\varphi }}_{1/2}$$ for user-1 and user-2 using LOS signal is $$50^\circ$$, 70$$^\circ$$ respectively. However, for the three-user system, the error probability increases when compared to two-user system and the optimal values of semi-angle for user-1 changes to $$30^\circ$$ and for user-2 & user-3, it is 70$$^\circ$$. Moreover, in two-user system with L-R1 signal, the optimal value is 70$$^\circ$$ for both user-1 and user-2. 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Performance analysis of downlink multipath multi-user NOMA-VLC system |
| abstract |
Abstract In the present paper, we have investigated performance of Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access based downlink multipath multi-user Visible Light Communication System. The Bit Error Rate (BER), sum rate and outage probability have been simulated using Line-Of-Sight (LOS) and LOS plus first reflection (L-R1) signal for two-user and three-user system. The simulation has been carried out for different values of semi-angle $${\mathrm{\varphi }}_{1/2}$$ of the LED i.e. $$30^\circ , 50^\circ$$ and 70$$^\circ$$. In the two-user system, the LOS simulation result shows that the error probability is 7.49 × $ 10^{−3} $, 4.88 × $ 10^{−3} $ and 1.03 × $ 10^{−1} $ when $${\mathrm{\varphi }}_{1/2}$$ equals to70$$^\circ$$, 50° and $$30^\circ$$ respectively for user-1. And for user-2, the BER is found to be 4.89 × $ 10^{−2} $, 5.84 × $ 10^{−2} $ and 3.73 × $ 10^{−1} $ using $${\mathrm{\varphi }}_{1/2}$$ equals to70$$^\circ$$, $$50^\circ$$ and $$30^\circ$$. Thus, the optimal semi-angle $${\mathrm{\varphi }}_{1/2}$$ for user-1 and user-2 using LOS signal is $$50^\circ$$, 70$$^\circ$$ respectively. However, for the three-user system, the error probability increases when compared to two-user system and the optimal values of semi-angle for user-1 changes to $$30^\circ$$ and for user-2 & user-3, it is 70$$^\circ$$. Moreover, in two-user system with L-R1 signal, the optimal value is 70$$^\circ$$ for both user-1 and user-2. The SIC method fails to decode the user’s signal when number of users increases to three in L-R1 signal case. Further, with the far user power allocation coefficient equal to 0.8, the average BER is found to be minimum for two-user system. The sum rate vs. normalized offset has been simulated for different values of semi-angle of the LED. The investigation shows that the maximum sum rate of 278.84 Mbps is achieved at $${\mathrm{\varphi }}_{1/2}$$ equals to $$50^\circ$$ for the two-user system using LOS signal. We have also examined the effect of shadowing (blocked LOS signal) and found that sum rate is almost zero for small values of $${\varphi }_{1/2}$$ i.e. $$20^\circ$$ and $$30^\circ$$. Finally, for the semi-angle value of $$30^\circ$$ the outage probability (for target rate beyond 3bps/Hz) reaches to 100 percent for both users. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2022. Springer Nature or its licensor holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law. |
| abstractGer |
Abstract In the present paper, we have investigated performance of Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access based downlink multipath multi-user Visible Light Communication System. The Bit Error Rate (BER), sum rate and outage probability have been simulated using Line-Of-Sight (LOS) and LOS plus first reflection (L-R1) signal for two-user and three-user system. The simulation has been carried out for different values of semi-angle $${\mathrm{\varphi }}_{1/2}$$ of the LED i.e. $$30^\circ , 50^\circ$$ and 70$$^\circ$$. In the two-user system, the LOS simulation result shows that the error probability is 7.49 × $ 10^{−3} $, 4.88 × $ 10^{−3} $ and 1.03 × $ 10^{−1} $ when $${\mathrm{\varphi }}_{1/2}$$ equals to70$$^\circ$$, 50° and $$30^\circ$$ respectively for user-1. And for user-2, the BER is found to be 4.89 × $ 10^{−2} $, 5.84 × $ 10^{−2} $ and 3.73 × $ 10^{−1} $ using $${\mathrm{\varphi }}_{1/2}$$ equals to70$$^\circ$$, $$50^\circ$$ and $$30^\circ$$. Thus, the optimal semi-angle $${\mathrm{\varphi }}_{1/2}$$ for user-1 and user-2 using LOS signal is $$50^\circ$$, 70$$^\circ$$ respectively. However, for the three-user system, the error probability increases when compared to two-user system and the optimal values of semi-angle for user-1 changes to $$30^\circ$$ and for user-2 & user-3, it is 70$$^\circ$$. Moreover, in two-user system with L-R1 signal, the optimal value is 70$$^\circ$$ for both user-1 and user-2. The SIC method fails to decode the user’s signal when number of users increases to three in L-R1 signal case. Further, with the far user power allocation coefficient equal to 0.8, the average BER is found to be minimum for two-user system. The sum rate vs. normalized offset has been simulated for different values of semi-angle of the LED. The investigation shows that the maximum sum rate of 278.84 Mbps is achieved at $${\mathrm{\varphi }}_{1/2}$$ equals to $$50^\circ$$ for the two-user system using LOS signal. We have also examined the effect of shadowing (blocked LOS signal) and found that sum rate is almost zero for small values of $${\varphi }_{1/2}$$ i.e. $$20^\circ$$ and $$30^\circ$$. Finally, for the semi-angle value of $$30^\circ$$ the outage probability (for target rate beyond 3bps/Hz) reaches to 100 percent for both users. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2022. Springer Nature or its licensor holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law. |
| abstract_unstemmed |
Abstract In the present paper, we have investigated performance of Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access based downlink multipath multi-user Visible Light Communication System. The Bit Error Rate (BER), sum rate and outage probability have been simulated using Line-Of-Sight (LOS) and LOS plus first reflection (L-R1) signal for two-user and three-user system. The simulation has been carried out for different values of semi-angle $${\mathrm{\varphi }}_{1/2}$$ of the LED i.e. $$30^\circ , 50^\circ$$ and 70$$^\circ$$. In the two-user system, the LOS simulation result shows that the error probability is 7.49 × $ 10^{−3} $, 4.88 × $ 10^{−3} $ and 1.03 × $ 10^{−1} $ when $${\mathrm{\varphi }}_{1/2}$$ equals to70$$^\circ$$, 50° and $$30^\circ$$ respectively for user-1. And for user-2, the BER is found to be 4.89 × $ 10^{−2} $, 5.84 × $ 10^{−2} $ and 3.73 × $ 10^{−1} $ using $${\mathrm{\varphi }}_{1/2}$$ equals to70$$^\circ$$, $$50^\circ$$ and $$30^\circ$$. Thus, the optimal semi-angle $${\mathrm{\varphi }}_{1/2}$$ for user-1 and user-2 using LOS signal is $$50^\circ$$, 70$$^\circ$$ respectively. However, for the three-user system, the error probability increases when compared to two-user system and the optimal values of semi-angle for user-1 changes to $$30^\circ$$ and for user-2 & user-3, it is 70$$^\circ$$. Moreover, in two-user system with L-R1 signal, the optimal value is 70$$^\circ$$ for both user-1 and user-2. The SIC method fails to decode the user’s signal when number of users increases to three in L-R1 signal case. Further, with the far user power allocation coefficient equal to 0.8, the average BER is found to be minimum for two-user system. The sum rate vs. normalized offset has been simulated for different values of semi-angle of the LED. The investigation shows that the maximum sum rate of 278.84 Mbps is achieved at $${\mathrm{\varphi }}_{1/2}$$ equals to $$50^\circ$$ for the two-user system using LOS signal. We have also examined the effect of shadowing (blocked LOS signal) and found that sum rate is almost zero for small values of $${\varphi }_{1/2}$$ i.e. $$20^\circ$$ and $$30^\circ$$. Finally, for the semi-angle value of $$30^\circ$$ the outage probability (for target rate beyond 3bps/Hz) reaches to 100 percent for both users. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2022. Springer Nature or its licensor holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law. |
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