Impact of Elevated $ O_{3} $ on Soil Microbial Community Function Under Wheat Crop
Abstract This study was initiated to explore the effects of ozone ($ O_{3} $) exposure on potted wheat roots and soil microbial community function. Three treatments were performed: (1) Air with daily averaged $ O_{3} $ concentration of 4–10 ppb (control situation, CK), (2) Air plus 8 h averaged $ O_...
Ausführliche Beschreibung
Gespeichert in:
| Autor*in: |
Chen, Zhan [verfasserIn] |
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| Format: |
Artikel |
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| Sprache: |
Englisch |
| Erschienen: |
2008 |
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| Schlagwörter: |
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| Systematik: |
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| Anmerkung: |
© Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2008 |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
Enthalten in: Water, air & soil pollution - Springer Netherlands, 1971, 198(2008), 1-4 vom: 24. Sept., Seite 189-198 |
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| Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:198 ; year:2008 ; number:1-4 ; day:24 ; month:09 ; pages:189-198 |
| Links: |
|---|
| DOI / URN: |
10.1007/s11270-008-9838-1 |
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| Katalog-ID: |
OLC2084509408 |
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| 520 | |a Abstract This study was initiated to explore the effects of ozone ($ O_{3} $) exposure on potted wheat roots and soil microbial community function. Three treatments were performed: (1) Air with daily averaged $ O_{3} $ concentration of 4–10 ppb (control situation, CK), (2) Air plus 8 h averaged $ O_{3} $ concentration of 76.1 ppb ($ O_{3} $-1), and (3) Air plus 8 h averaged $ O_{3} $ concentration of 118.8 ppb ($ O_{3} $-2). In treatments with elevated $ O_{3} $ concentration ($ O_{3} $-1 and $ O_{3} $-2), the root and shoot biomass were reduced by 25% and 18%, respectively, compared to the control treatment (CK). On the other hand, root activity was significantly reduced by 58% and 90.8% in the $ O_{3} $-1 and $ O_{3} $-2 treatments, respectively, compared to CK. The soil microbial biomass was significantly reduced only in the highest $ O_{3} $ concentration ($ O_{3} $-2 treatment) in the rhizosphere soil. Soil microbial community composition was assessed under $ O_{3} $ stress based on the changes in the sole carbon source utilization profiles of soil microbial communities using the Biolog™ system. Principal component analysis showed that there was significant discrimination in the sole-carbon source utilization pattern of soil microbial communities among the $ O_{3} $ treatments in rhizosphere soil; however, there was none in the bulk soil. In rhizosphere soil, the functional richness of the soil microbial community was reduced by 27% and 38% in $ O_{3} $-1 and $ O_{3} $-2 treatments, respectively, compared to CK. $ O_{3} $-2 treatment remarkably decreased the Shannon diversity index of soil microbial community function in rhizosphere soil, but the $ O_{3} $-1 treatment did not. In the dominant microorganisms using carbon sources of carbohydrates and amino acids groups were significantly reduced by an elevated $ O_{3} $ concentration in the rhizosphere soil. Our study shows that the elevated ozone levels may alter microbial community function in rhizosphere soil but not in the bulk soil. Hence, this suggests that $ O_{3} $ effects on soil microbes are caused by $ O_{3} $ detriments on the plant, but not by the $ O_{3} $ direct effects on the soil microbes. | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Microbial community | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Microbial functional diversity | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Ozone | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Root | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Wheat | |
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| 700 | 1 | |a Feng, Zhaozhong |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Xiao, Qin |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Duan, Xiaonan |4 aut | |
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10.1007/s11270-008-9838-1 doi (DE-627)OLC2084509408 (DE-He213)s11270-008-9838-1-p DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 570 333.7 VZ 12 13 ssgn BIODIV DE-30 fid ZC 7520 VZ rvk ZC 7520 VZ rvk Chen, Zhan verfasserin aut Impact of Elevated $ O_{3} $ on Soil Microbial Community Function Under Wheat Crop 2008 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier © Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2008 Abstract This study was initiated to explore the effects of ozone ($ O_{3} $) exposure on potted wheat roots and soil microbial community function. Three treatments were performed: (1) Air with daily averaged $ O_{3} $ concentration of 4–10 ppb (control situation, CK), (2) Air plus 8 h averaged $ O_{3} $ concentration of 76.1 ppb ($ O_{3} $-1), and (3) Air plus 8 h averaged $ O_{3} $ concentration of 118.8 ppb ($ O_{3} $-2). In treatments with elevated $ O_{3} $ concentration ($ O_{3} $-1 and $ O_{3} $-2), the root and shoot biomass were reduced by 25% and 18%, respectively, compared to the control treatment (CK). On the other hand, root activity was significantly reduced by 58% and 90.8% in the $ O_{3} $-1 and $ O_{3} $-2 treatments, respectively, compared to CK. The soil microbial biomass was significantly reduced only in the highest $ O_{3} $ concentration ($ O_{3} $-2 treatment) in the rhizosphere soil. Soil microbial community composition was assessed under $ O_{3} $ stress based on the changes in the sole carbon source utilization profiles of soil microbial communities using the Biolog™ system. Principal component analysis showed that there was significant discrimination in the sole-carbon source utilization pattern of soil microbial communities among the $ O_{3} $ treatments in rhizosphere soil; however, there was none in the bulk soil. In rhizosphere soil, the functional richness of the soil microbial community was reduced by 27% and 38% in $ O_{3} $-1 and $ O_{3} $-2 treatments, respectively, compared to CK. $ O_{3} $-2 treatment remarkably decreased the Shannon diversity index of soil microbial community function in rhizosphere soil, but the $ O_{3} $-1 treatment did not. In the dominant microorganisms using carbon sources of carbohydrates and amino acids groups were significantly reduced by an elevated $ O_{3} $ concentration in the rhizosphere soil. Our study shows that the elevated ozone levels may alter microbial community function in rhizosphere soil but not in the bulk soil. Hence, this suggests that $ O_{3} $ effects on soil microbes are caused by $ O_{3} $ detriments on the plant, but not by the $ O_{3} $ direct effects on the soil microbes. Microbial community Microbial functional diversity Ozone Root Wheat Wang, Xiaoke aut Feng, Zhaozhong aut Xiao, Qin aut Duan, Xiaonan aut Enthalten in Water, air & soil pollution Springer Netherlands, 1971 198(2008), 1-4 vom: 24. Sept., Seite 189-198 (DE-627)12929134X (DE-600)120499-3 (DE-576)014472643 0049-6979 nnns volume:198 year:2008 number:1-4 day:24 month:09 pages:189-198 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-008-9838-1 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC FID-BIODIV SSG-OLC-UMW SSG-OLC-TEC SSG-OLC-FOR SSG-OLC-IBL SSG-OPC-GGO GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4082 GBV_ILN_4219 GBV_ILN_4309 GBV_ILN_4313 ZC 7520 ZC 7520 AR 198 2008 1-4 24 09 189-198 |
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10.1007/s11270-008-9838-1 doi (DE-627)OLC2084509408 (DE-He213)s11270-008-9838-1-p DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 570 333.7 VZ 12 13 ssgn BIODIV DE-30 fid ZC 7520 VZ rvk ZC 7520 VZ rvk Chen, Zhan verfasserin aut Impact of Elevated $ O_{3} $ on Soil Microbial Community Function Under Wheat Crop 2008 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier © Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2008 Abstract This study was initiated to explore the effects of ozone ($ O_{3} $) exposure on potted wheat roots and soil microbial community function. Three treatments were performed: (1) Air with daily averaged $ O_{3} $ concentration of 4–10 ppb (control situation, CK), (2) Air plus 8 h averaged $ O_{3} $ concentration of 76.1 ppb ($ O_{3} $-1), and (3) Air plus 8 h averaged $ O_{3} $ concentration of 118.8 ppb ($ O_{3} $-2). In treatments with elevated $ O_{3} $ concentration ($ O_{3} $-1 and $ O_{3} $-2), the root and shoot biomass were reduced by 25% and 18%, respectively, compared to the control treatment (CK). On the other hand, root activity was significantly reduced by 58% and 90.8% in the $ O_{3} $-1 and $ O_{3} $-2 treatments, respectively, compared to CK. The soil microbial biomass was significantly reduced only in the highest $ O_{3} $ concentration ($ O_{3} $-2 treatment) in the rhizosphere soil. Soil microbial community composition was assessed under $ O_{3} $ stress based on the changes in the sole carbon source utilization profiles of soil microbial communities using the Biolog™ system. Principal component analysis showed that there was significant discrimination in the sole-carbon source utilization pattern of soil microbial communities among the $ O_{3} $ treatments in rhizosphere soil; however, there was none in the bulk soil. In rhizosphere soil, the functional richness of the soil microbial community was reduced by 27% and 38% in $ O_{3} $-1 and $ O_{3} $-2 treatments, respectively, compared to CK. $ O_{3} $-2 treatment remarkably decreased the Shannon diversity index of soil microbial community function in rhizosphere soil, but the $ O_{3} $-1 treatment did not. In the dominant microorganisms using carbon sources of carbohydrates and amino acids groups were significantly reduced by an elevated $ O_{3} $ concentration in the rhizosphere soil. Our study shows that the elevated ozone levels may alter microbial community function in rhizosphere soil but not in the bulk soil. Hence, this suggests that $ O_{3} $ effects on soil microbes are caused by $ O_{3} $ detriments on the plant, but not by the $ O_{3} $ direct effects on the soil microbes. Microbial community Microbial functional diversity Ozone Root Wheat Wang, Xiaoke aut Feng, Zhaozhong aut Xiao, Qin aut Duan, Xiaonan aut Enthalten in Water, air & soil pollution Springer Netherlands, 1971 198(2008), 1-4 vom: 24. Sept., Seite 189-198 (DE-627)12929134X (DE-600)120499-3 (DE-576)014472643 0049-6979 nnns volume:198 year:2008 number:1-4 day:24 month:09 pages:189-198 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-008-9838-1 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC FID-BIODIV SSG-OLC-UMW SSG-OLC-TEC SSG-OLC-FOR SSG-OLC-IBL SSG-OPC-GGO GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4082 GBV_ILN_4219 GBV_ILN_4309 GBV_ILN_4313 ZC 7520 ZC 7520 AR 198 2008 1-4 24 09 189-198 |
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10.1007/s11270-008-9838-1 doi (DE-627)OLC2084509408 (DE-He213)s11270-008-9838-1-p DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 570 333.7 VZ 12 13 ssgn BIODIV DE-30 fid ZC 7520 VZ rvk ZC 7520 VZ rvk Chen, Zhan verfasserin aut Impact of Elevated $ O_{3} $ on Soil Microbial Community Function Under Wheat Crop 2008 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier © Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2008 Abstract This study was initiated to explore the effects of ozone ($ O_{3} $) exposure on potted wheat roots and soil microbial community function. Three treatments were performed: (1) Air with daily averaged $ O_{3} $ concentration of 4–10 ppb (control situation, CK), (2) Air plus 8 h averaged $ O_{3} $ concentration of 76.1 ppb ($ O_{3} $-1), and (3) Air plus 8 h averaged $ O_{3} $ concentration of 118.8 ppb ($ O_{3} $-2). In treatments with elevated $ O_{3} $ concentration ($ O_{3} $-1 and $ O_{3} $-2), the root and shoot biomass were reduced by 25% and 18%, respectively, compared to the control treatment (CK). On the other hand, root activity was significantly reduced by 58% and 90.8% in the $ O_{3} $-1 and $ O_{3} $-2 treatments, respectively, compared to CK. The soil microbial biomass was significantly reduced only in the highest $ O_{3} $ concentration ($ O_{3} $-2 treatment) in the rhizosphere soil. Soil microbial community composition was assessed under $ O_{3} $ stress based on the changes in the sole carbon source utilization profiles of soil microbial communities using the Biolog™ system. Principal component analysis showed that there was significant discrimination in the sole-carbon source utilization pattern of soil microbial communities among the $ O_{3} $ treatments in rhizosphere soil; however, there was none in the bulk soil. In rhizosphere soil, the functional richness of the soil microbial community was reduced by 27% and 38% in $ O_{3} $-1 and $ O_{3} $-2 treatments, respectively, compared to CK. $ O_{3} $-2 treatment remarkably decreased the Shannon diversity index of soil microbial community function in rhizosphere soil, but the $ O_{3} $-1 treatment did not. In the dominant microorganisms using carbon sources of carbohydrates and amino acids groups were significantly reduced by an elevated $ O_{3} $ concentration in the rhizosphere soil. Our study shows that the elevated ozone levels may alter microbial community function in rhizosphere soil but not in the bulk soil. Hence, this suggests that $ O_{3} $ effects on soil microbes are caused by $ O_{3} $ detriments on the plant, but not by the $ O_{3} $ direct effects on the soil microbes. Microbial community Microbial functional diversity Ozone Root Wheat Wang, Xiaoke aut Feng, Zhaozhong aut Xiao, Qin aut Duan, Xiaonan aut Enthalten in Water, air & soil pollution Springer Netherlands, 1971 198(2008), 1-4 vom: 24. Sept., Seite 189-198 (DE-627)12929134X (DE-600)120499-3 (DE-576)014472643 0049-6979 nnns volume:198 year:2008 number:1-4 day:24 month:09 pages:189-198 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-008-9838-1 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC FID-BIODIV SSG-OLC-UMW SSG-OLC-TEC SSG-OLC-FOR SSG-OLC-IBL SSG-OPC-GGO GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4082 GBV_ILN_4219 GBV_ILN_4309 GBV_ILN_4313 ZC 7520 ZC 7520 AR 198 2008 1-4 24 09 189-198 |
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10.1007/s11270-008-9838-1 doi (DE-627)OLC2084509408 (DE-He213)s11270-008-9838-1-p DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 570 333.7 VZ 12 13 ssgn BIODIV DE-30 fid ZC 7520 VZ rvk ZC 7520 VZ rvk Chen, Zhan verfasserin aut Impact of Elevated $ O_{3} $ on Soil Microbial Community Function Under Wheat Crop 2008 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier © Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2008 Abstract This study was initiated to explore the effects of ozone ($ O_{3} $) exposure on potted wheat roots and soil microbial community function. Three treatments were performed: (1) Air with daily averaged $ O_{3} $ concentration of 4–10 ppb (control situation, CK), (2) Air plus 8 h averaged $ O_{3} $ concentration of 76.1 ppb ($ O_{3} $-1), and (3) Air plus 8 h averaged $ O_{3} $ concentration of 118.8 ppb ($ O_{3} $-2). In treatments with elevated $ O_{3} $ concentration ($ O_{3} $-1 and $ O_{3} $-2), the root and shoot biomass were reduced by 25% and 18%, respectively, compared to the control treatment (CK). On the other hand, root activity was significantly reduced by 58% and 90.8% in the $ O_{3} $-1 and $ O_{3} $-2 treatments, respectively, compared to CK. The soil microbial biomass was significantly reduced only in the highest $ O_{3} $ concentration ($ O_{3} $-2 treatment) in the rhizosphere soil. Soil microbial community composition was assessed under $ O_{3} $ stress based on the changes in the sole carbon source utilization profiles of soil microbial communities using the Biolog™ system. Principal component analysis showed that there was significant discrimination in the sole-carbon source utilization pattern of soil microbial communities among the $ O_{3} $ treatments in rhizosphere soil; however, there was none in the bulk soil. In rhizosphere soil, the functional richness of the soil microbial community was reduced by 27% and 38% in $ O_{3} $-1 and $ O_{3} $-2 treatments, respectively, compared to CK. $ O_{3} $-2 treatment remarkably decreased the Shannon diversity index of soil microbial community function in rhizosphere soil, but the $ O_{3} $-1 treatment did not. In the dominant microorganisms using carbon sources of carbohydrates and amino acids groups were significantly reduced by an elevated $ O_{3} $ concentration in the rhizosphere soil. Our study shows that the elevated ozone levels may alter microbial community function in rhizosphere soil but not in the bulk soil. Hence, this suggests that $ O_{3} $ effects on soil microbes are caused by $ O_{3} $ detriments on the plant, but not by the $ O_{3} $ direct effects on the soil microbes. Microbial community Microbial functional diversity Ozone Root Wheat Wang, Xiaoke aut Feng, Zhaozhong aut Xiao, Qin aut Duan, Xiaonan aut Enthalten in Water, air & soil pollution Springer Netherlands, 1971 198(2008), 1-4 vom: 24. Sept., Seite 189-198 (DE-627)12929134X (DE-600)120499-3 (DE-576)014472643 0049-6979 nnns volume:198 year:2008 number:1-4 day:24 month:09 pages:189-198 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-008-9838-1 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC FID-BIODIV SSG-OLC-UMW SSG-OLC-TEC SSG-OLC-FOR SSG-OLC-IBL SSG-OPC-GGO GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4082 GBV_ILN_4219 GBV_ILN_4309 GBV_ILN_4313 ZC 7520 ZC 7520 AR 198 2008 1-4 24 09 189-198 |
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10.1007/s11270-008-9838-1 doi (DE-627)OLC2084509408 (DE-He213)s11270-008-9838-1-p DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 570 333.7 VZ 12 13 ssgn BIODIV DE-30 fid ZC 7520 VZ rvk ZC 7520 VZ rvk Chen, Zhan verfasserin aut Impact of Elevated $ O_{3} $ on Soil Microbial Community Function Under Wheat Crop 2008 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier © Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2008 Abstract This study was initiated to explore the effects of ozone ($ O_{3} $) exposure on potted wheat roots and soil microbial community function. Three treatments were performed: (1) Air with daily averaged $ O_{3} $ concentration of 4–10 ppb (control situation, CK), (2) Air plus 8 h averaged $ O_{3} $ concentration of 76.1 ppb ($ O_{3} $-1), and (3) Air plus 8 h averaged $ O_{3} $ concentration of 118.8 ppb ($ O_{3} $-2). In treatments with elevated $ O_{3} $ concentration ($ O_{3} $-1 and $ O_{3} $-2), the root and shoot biomass were reduced by 25% and 18%, respectively, compared to the control treatment (CK). On the other hand, root activity was significantly reduced by 58% and 90.8% in the $ O_{3} $-1 and $ O_{3} $-2 treatments, respectively, compared to CK. The soil microbial biomass was significantly reduced only in the highest $ O_{3} $ concentration ($ O_{3} $-2 treatment) in the rhizosphere soil. Soil microbial community composition was assessed under $ O_{3} $ stress based on the changes in the sole carbon source utilization profiles of soil microbial communities using the Biolog™ system. Principal component analysis showed that there was significant discrimination in the sole-carbon source utilization pattern of soil microbial communities among the $ O_{3} $ treatments in rhizosphere soil; however, there was none in the bulk soil. In rhizosphere soil, the functional richness of the soil microbial community was reduced by 27% and 38% in $ O_{3} $-1 and $ O_{3} $-2 treatments, respectively, compared to CK. $ O_{3} $-2 treatment remarkably decreased the Shannon diversity index of soil microbial community function in rhizosphere soil, but the $ O_{3} $-1 treatment did not. In the dominant microorganisms using carbon sources of carbohydrates and amino acids groups were significantly reduced by an elevated $ O_{3} $ concentration in the rhizosphere soil. Our study shows that the elevated ozone levels may alter microbial community function in rhizosphere soil but not in the bulk soil. Hence, this suggests that $ O_{3} $ effects on soil microbes are caused by $ O_{3} $ detriments on the plant, but not by the $ O_{3} $ direct effects on the soil microbes. Microbial community Microbial functional diversity Ozone Root Wheat Wang, Xiaoke aut Feng, Zhaozhong aut Xiao, Qin aut Duan, Xiaonan aut Enthalten in Water, air & soil pollution Springer Netherlands, 1971 198(2008), 1-4 vom: 24. Sept., Seite 189-198 (DE-627)12929134X (DE-600)120499-3 (DE-576)014472643 0049-6979 nnns volume:198 year:2008 number:1-4 day:24 month:09 pages:189-198 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-008-9838-1 lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC FID-BIODIV SSG-OLC-UMW SSG-OLC-TEC SSG-OLC-FOR SSG-OLC-IBL SSG-OPC-GGO GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_31 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4082 GBV_ILN_4219 GBV_ILN_4309 GBV_ILN_4313 ZC 7520 ZC 7520 AR 198 2008 1-4 24 09 189-198 |
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impact of elevated $ o_{3} $ on soil microbial community function under wheat crop |
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Impact of Elevated $ O_{3} $ on Soil Microbial Community Function Under Wheat Crop |
| abstract |
Abstract This study was initiated to explore the effects of ozone ($ O_{3} $) exposure on potted wheat roots and soil microbial community function. Three treatments were performed: (1) Air with daily averaged $ O_{3} $ concentration of 4–10 ppb (control situation, CK), (2) Air plus 8 h averaged $ O_{3} $ concentration of 76.1 ppb ($ O_{3} $-1), and (3) Air plus 8 h averaged $ O_{3} $ concentration of 118.8 ppb ($ O_{3} $-2). In treatments with elevated $ O_{3} $ concentration ($ O_{3} $-1 and $ O_{3} $-2), the root and shoot biomass were reduced by 25% and 18%, respectively, compared to the control treatment (CK). On the other hand, root activity was significantly reduced by 58% and 90.8% in the $ O_{3} $-1 and $ O_{3} $-2 treatments, respectively, compared to CK. The soil microbial biomass was significantly reduced only in the highest $ O_{3} $ concentration ($ O_{3} $-2 treatment) in the rhizosphere soil. Soil microbial community composition was assessed under $ O_{3} $ stress based on the changes in the sole carbon source utilization profiles of soil microbial communities using the Biolog™ system. Principal component analysis showed that there was significant discrimination in the sole-carbon source utilization pattern of soil microbial communities among the $ O_{3} $ treatments in rhizosphere soil; however, there was none in the bulk soil. In rhizosphere soil, the functional richness of the soil microbial community was reduced by 27% and 38% in $ O_{3} $-1 and $ O_{3} $-2 treatments, respectively, compared to CK. $ O_{3} $-2 treatment remarkably decreased the Shannon diversity index of soil microbial community function in rhizosphere soil, but the $ O_{3} $-1 treatment did not. In the dominant microorganisms using carbon sources of carbohydrates and amino acids groups were significantly reduced by an elevated $ O_{3} $ concentration in the rhizosphere soil. Our study shows that the elevated ozone levels may alter microbial community function in rhizosphere soil but not in the bulk soil. Hence, this suggests that $ O_{3} $ effects on soil microbes are caused by $ O_{3} $ detriments on the plant, but not by the $ O_{3} $ direct effects on the soil microbes. © Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2008 |
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Abstract This study was initiated to explore the effects of ozone ($ O_{3} $) exposure on potted wheat roots and soil microbial community function. Three treatments were performed: (1) Air with daily averaged $ O_{3} $ concentration of 4–10 ppb (control situation, CK), (2) Air plus 8 h averaged $ O_{3} $ concentration of 76.1 ppb ($ O_{3} $-1), and (3) Air plus 8 h averaged $ O_{3} $ concentration of 118.8 ppb ($ O_{3} $-2). In treatments with elevated $ O_{3} $ concentration ($ O_{3} $-1 and $ O_{3} $-2), the root and shoot biomass were reduced by 25% and 18%, respectively, compared to the control treatment (CK). On the other hand, root activity was significantly reduced by 58% and 90.8% in the $ O_{3} $-1 and $ O_{3} $-2 treatments, respectively, compared to CK. The soil microbial biomass was significantly reduced only in the highest $ O_{3} $ concentration ($ O_{3} $-2 treatment) in the rhizosphere soil. Soil microbial community composition was assessed under $ O_{3} $ stress based on the changes in the sole carbon source utilization profiles of soil microbial communities using the Biolog™ system. Principal component analysis showed that there was significant discrimination in the sole-carbon source utilization pattern of soil microbial communities among the $ O_{3} $ treatments in rhizosphere soil; however, there was none in the bulk soil. In rhizosphere soil, the functional richness of the soil microbial community was reduced by 27% and 38% in $ O_{3} $-1 and $ O_{3} $-2 treatments, respectively, compared to CK. $ O_{3} $-2 treatment remarkably decreased the Shannon diversity index of soil microbial community function in rhizosphere soil, but the $ O_{3} $-1 treatment did not. In the dominant microorganisms using carbon sources of carbohydrates and amino acids groups were significantly reduced by an elevated $ O_{3} $ concentration in the rhizosphere soil. Our study shows that the elevated ozone levels may alter microbial community function in rhizosphere soil but not in the bulk soil. Hence, this suggests that $ O_{3} $ effects on soil microbes are caused by $ O_{3} $ detriments on the plant, but not by the $ O_{3} $ direct effects on the soil microbes. © Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2008 |
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Abstract This study was initiated to explore the effects of ozone ($ O_{3} $) exposure on potted wheat roots and soil microbial community function. Three treatments were performed: (1) Air with daily averaged $ O_{3} $ concentration of 4–10 ppb (control situation, CK), (2) Air plus 8 h averaged $ O_{3} $ concentration of 76.1 ppb ($ O_{3} $-1), and (3) Air plus 8 h averaged $ O_{3} $ concentration of 118.8 ppb ($ O_{3} $-2). In treatments with elevated $ O_{3} $ concentration ($ O_{3} $-1 and $ O_{3} $-2), the root and shoot biomass were reduced by 25% and 18%, respectively, compared to the control treatment (CK). On the other hand, root activity was significantly reduced by 58% and 90.8% in the $ O_{3} $-1 and $ O_{3} $-2 treatments, respectively, compared to CK. The soil microbial biomass was significantly reduced only in the highest $ O_{3} $ concentration ($ O_{3} $-2 treatment) in the rhizosphere soil. Soil microbial community composition was assessed under $ O_{3} $ stress based on the changes in the sole carbon source utilization profiles of soil microbial communities using the Biolog™ system. Principal component analysis showed that there was significant discrimination in the sole-carbon source utilization pattern of soil microbial communities among the $ O_{3} $ treatments in rhizosphere soil; however, there was none in the bulk soil. In rhizosphere soil, the functional richness of the soil microbial community was reduced by 27% and 38% in $ O_{3} $-1 and $ O_{3} $-2 treatments, respectively, compared to CK. $ O_{3} $-2 treatment remarkably decreased the Shannon diversity index of soil microbial community function in rhizosphere soil, but the $ O_{3} $-1 treatment did not. In the dominant microorganisms using carbon sources of carbohydrates and amino acids groups were significantly reduced by an elevated $ O_{3} $ concentration in the rhizosphere soil. Our study shows that the elevated ozone levels may alter microbial community function in rhizosphere soil but not in the bulk soil. Hence, this suggests that $ O_{3} $ effects on soil microbes are caused by $ O_{3} $ detriments on the plant, but not by the $ O_{3} $ direct effects on the soil microbes. © Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2008 |
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Principal component analysis showed that there was significant discrimination in the sole-carbon source utilization pattern of soil microbial communities among the $ O_{3} $ treatments in rhizosphere soil; however, there was none in the bulk soil. In rhizosphere soil, the functional richness of the soil microbial community was reduced by 27% and 38% in $ O_{3} $-1 and $ O_{3} $-2 treatments, respectively, compared to CK. $ O_{3} $-2 treatment remarkably decreased the Shannon diversity index of soil microbial community function in rhizosphere soil, but the $ O_{3} $-1 treatment did not. In the dominant microorganisms using carbon sources of carbohydrates and amino acids groups were significantly reduced by an elevated $ O_{3} $ concentration in the rhizosphere soil. Our study shows that the elevated ozone levels may alter microbial community function in rhizosphere soil but not in the bulk soil. 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