Fertilizer Amendment of Mining-Impacted Soils from Broken Hill, Australia: Fixation or Release of Contaminants?
Abstract The aim of the study was to appraise various types of phosphate fertilizers (bone meal, superphosphate, triple superphosphate, and potassium orthophosphate) for immobilizing metals and metalloids in mining-impacted soils from Broken Hill, Australia. Soils were rich in metals (Pb, Zn, Cu, an...
Ausführliche Beschreibung
Autor*in: |
Munksgaard, Niels C. [verfasserIn] |
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Sprache: |
Englisch |
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2010 |
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Anmerkung: |
© Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2010 |
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Übergeordnetes Werk: |
Enthalten in: Water, air & soil pollution - Springer Netherlands, 1971, 215(2010), 1-4 vom: 05. Juni, Seite 373-397 |
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Übergeordnetes Werk: |
volume:215 ; year:2010 ; number:1-4 ; day:05 ; month:06 ; pages:373-397 |
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DOI / URN: |
10.1007/s11270-010-0485-y |
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Katalog-ID: |
OLC2084522641 |
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520 | |a Abstract The aim of the study was to appraise various types of phosphate fertilizers (bone meal, superphosphate, triple superphosphate, and potassium orthophosphate) for immobilizing metals and metalloids in mining-impacted soils from Broken Hill, Australia. Soils were rich in metals (Pb, Zn, Cu, and Cd) and metalloids (As and Sb) which were mainly contained in minor to trace amounts of coronadite [$ PbMn_{8} $$ O_{16} $], kintoreite [$ PbFe_{3} $($ PO_{4} $)2(OH,$ H_{2} $O)6], Pb, and Zn sulfides and sulfates (possibly sphalerite, galena, and anglesite) as well as in unidentified soluble metal-bearing phases. Phosphate stabilization experiments were conducted as kinetic column leaching experiments, and chemical and mineralogical changes were assessed using elemental, sulfur isotope, and XRD analyses as well as electron microprobe phase mapping. The application of phosphate fertilizer to the metal-contaminated topsoils led to mineralogical changes, including the formation of secondary metal-bearing phosphates. The elemental concentrations of leachates were used as a criterion to assess the performance of phosphate treatments. Potassium orthophosphate fertilizer was the most effective amendment for Cd stabilization; superphosphate and triple superphosphate fertilizers were the most effective amendments for Pb stabilization. By contrast, the release of As, Cu, Mn, Sb, and Zn were not significantly suppressed, and in several cases, increased, using bone meal, superphosphate, triple superphosphate, and potassium orthophosphate amendments. This study indicates that in situ phosphate stabilization of mining-impacted soils at Broken Hill would most likely be a complex and impractical undertaking in residential areas due to the risk of substantial metal, metalloid, phosphate, and sulfate release. | ||
650 | 4 | |a Phosphate amendment | |
650 | 4 | |a Metal immobilization | |
650 | 4 | |a Contaminated soil | |
650 | 4 | |a Remediation | |
700 | 1 | |a Lottermoser, Bernd G. |4 aut | |
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10.1007/s11270-010-0485-y doi (DE-627)OLC2084522641 (DE-He213)s11270-010-0485-y-p DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 570 333.7 VZ 12 13 ssgn BIODIV DE-30 fid ZC 7520 VZ rvk ZC 7520 VZ rvk Munksgaard, Niels C. verfasserin aut Fertilizer Amendment of Mining-Impacted Soils from Broken Hill, Australia: Fixation or Release of Contaminants? 2010 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier © Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2010 Abstract The aim of the study was to appraise various types of phosphate fertilizers (bone meal, superphosphate, triple superphosphate, and potassium orthophosphate) for immobilizing metals and metalloids in mining-impacted soils from Broken Hill, Australia. Soils were rich in metals (Pb, Zn, Cu, and Cd) and metalloids (As and Sb) which were mainly contained in minor to trace amounts of coronadite [$ PbMn_{8} $$ O_{16} $], kintoreite [$ PbFe_{3} $($ PO_{4} $)2(OH,$ H_{2} $O)6], Pb, and Zn sulfides and sulfates (possibly sphalerite, galena, and anglesite) as well as in unidentified soluble metal-bearing phases. Phosphate stabilization experiments were conducted as kinetic column leaching experiments, and chemical and mineralogical changes were assessed using elemental, sulfur isotope, and XRD analyses as well as electron microprobe phase mapping. The application of phosphate fertilizer to the metal-contaminated topsoils led to mineralogical changes, including the formation of secondary metal-bearing phosphates. The elemental concentrations of leachates were used as a criterion to assess the performance of phosphate treatments. Potassium orthophosphate fertilizer was the most effective amendment for Cd stabilization; superphosphate and triple superphosphate fertilizers were the most effective amendments for Pb stabilization. By contrast, the release of As, Cu, Mn, Sb, and Zn were not significantly suppressed, and in several cases, increased, using bone meal, superphosphate, triple superphosphate, and potassium orthophosphate amendments. This study indicates that in situ phosphate stabilization of mining-impacted soils at Broken Hill would most likely be a complex and impractical undertaking in residential areas due to the risk of substantial metal, metalloid, phosphate, and sulfate release. Phosphate amendment Metal immobilization Contaminated soil Remediation Lottermoser, Bernd G. aut Enthalten in Water, air & soil pollution Springer Netherlands, 1971 215(2010), 1-4 vom: 05. Juni, Seite 373-397 (DE-627)12929134X (DE-600)120499-3 (DE-576)014472643 0049-6979 nnns volume:215 year:2010 number:1-4 day:05 month:06 pages:373-397 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-010-0485-y lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC FID-BIODIV SSG-OLC-UMW SSG-OLC-TEC SSG-OLC-FOR SSG-OLC-IBL SSG-OPC-GGO GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4082 GBV_ILN_4219 GBV_ILN_4309 GBV_ILN_4313 ZC 7520 ZC 7520 AR 215 2010 1-4 05 06 373-397 |
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10.1007/s11270-010-0485-y doi (DE-627)OLC2084522641 (DE-He213)s11270-010-0485-y-p DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 570 333.7 VZ 12 13 ssgn BIODIV DE-30 fid ZC 7520 VZ rvk ZC 7520 VZ rvk Munksgaard, Niels C. verfasserin aut Fertilizer Amendment of Mining-Impacted Soils from Broken Hill, Australia: Fixation or Release of Contaminants? 2010 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier © Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2010 Abstract The aim of the study was to appraise various types of phosphate fertilizers (bone meal, superphosphate, triple superphosphate, and potassium orthophosphate) for immobilizing metals and metalloids in mining-impacted soils from Broken Hill, Australia. Soils were rich in metals (Pb, Zn, Cu, and Cd) and metalloids (As and Sb) which were mainly contained in minor to trace amounts of coronadite [$ PbMn_{8} $$ O_{16} $], kintoreite [$ PbFe_{3} $($ PO_{4} $)2(OH,$ H_{2} $O)6], Pb, and Zn sulfides and sulfates (possibly sphalerite, galena, and anglesite) as well as in unidentified soluble metal-bearing phases. Phosphate stabilization experiments were conducted as kinetic column leaching experiments, and chemical and mineralogical changes were assessed using elemental, sulfur isotope, and XRD analyses as well as electron microprobe phase mapping. The application of phosphate fertilizer to the metal-contaminated topsoils led to mineralogical changes, including the formation of secondary metal-bearing phosphates. The elemental concentrations of leachates were used as a criterion to assess the performance of phosphate treatments. Potassium orthophosphate fertilizer was the most effective amendment for Cd stabilization; superphosphate and triple superphosphate fertilizers were the most effective amendments for Pb stabilization. By contrast, the release of As, Cu, Mn, Sb, and Zn were not significantly suppressed, and in several cases, increased, using bone meal, superphosphate, triple superphosphate, and potassium orthophosphate amendments. This study indicates that in situ phosphate stabilization of mining-impacted soils at Broken Hill would most likely be a complex and impractical undertaking in residential areas due to the risk of substantial metal, metalloid, phosphate, and sulfate release. Phosphate amendment Metal immobilization Contaminated soil Remediation Lottermoser, Bernd G. aut Enthalten in Water, air & soil pollution Springer Netherlands, 1971 215(2010), 1-4 vom: 05. Juni, Seite 373-397 (DE-627)12929134X (DE-600)120499-3 (DE-576)014472643 0049-6979 nnns volume:215 year:2010 number:1-4 day:05 month:06 pages:373-397 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-010-0485-y lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC FID-BIODIV SSG-OLC-UMW SSG-OLC-TEC SSG-OLC-FOR SSG-OLC-IBL SSG-OPC-GGO GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4082 GBV_ILN_4219 GBV_ILN_4309 GBV_ILN_4313 ZC 7520 ZC 7520 AR 215 2010 1-4 05 06 373-397 |
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10.1007/s11270-010-0485-y doi (DE-627)OLC2084522641 (DE-He213)s11270-010-0485-y-p DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 570 333.7 VZ 12 13 ssgn BIODIV DE-30 fid ZC 7520 VZ rvk ZC 7520 VZ rvk Munksgaard, Niels C. verfasserin aut Fertilizer Amendment of Mining-Impacted Soils from Broken Hill, Australia: Fixation or Release of Contaminants? 2010 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier © Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2010 Abstract The aim of the study was to appraise various types of phosphate fertilizers (bone meal, superphosphate, triple superphosphate, and potassium orthophosphate) for immobilizing metals and metalloids in mining-impacted soils from Broken Hill, Australia. Soils were rich in metals (Pb, Zn, Cu, and Cd) and metalloids (As and Sb) which were mainly contained in minor to trace amounts of coronadite [$ PbMn_{8} $$ O_{16} $], kintoreite [$ PbFe_{3} $($ PO_{4} $)2(OH,$ H_{2} $O)6], Pb, and Zn sulfides and sulfates (possibly sphalerite, galena, and anglesite) as well as in unidentified soluble metal-bearing phases. Phosphate stabilization experiments were conducted as kinetic column leaching experiments, and chemical and mineralogical changes were assessed using elemental, sulfur isotope, and XRD analyses as well as electron microprobe phase mapping. The application of phosphate fertilizer to the metal-contaminated topsoils led to mineralogical changes, including the formation of secondary metal-bearing phosphates. The elemental concentrations of leachates were used as a criterion to assess the performance of phosphate treatments. Potassium orthophosphate fertilizer was the most effective amendment for Cd stabilization; superphosphate and triple superphosphate fertilizers were the most effective amendments for Pb stabilization. By contrast, the release of As, Cu, Mn, Sb, and Zn were not significantly suppressed, and in several cases, increased, using bone meal, superphosphate, triple superphosphate, and potassium orthophosphate amendments. This study indicates that in situ phosphate stabilization of mining-impacted soils at Broken Hill would most likely be a complex and impractical undertaking in residential areas due to the risk of substantial metal, metalloid, phosphate, and sulfate release. Phosphate amendment Metal immobilization Contaminated soil Remediation Lottermoser, Bernd G. aut Enthalten in Water, air & soil pollution Springer Netherlands, 1971 215(2010), 1-4 vom: 05. Juni, Seite 373-397 (DE-627)12929134X (DE-600)120499-3 (DE-576)014472643 0049-6979 nnns volume:215 year:2010 number:1-4 day:05 month:06 pages:373-397 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-010-0485-y lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC FID-BIODIV SSG-OLC-UMW SSG-OLC-TEC SSG-OLC-FOR SSG-OLC-IBL SSG-OPC-GGO GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4082 GBV_ILN_4219 GBV_ILN_4309 GBV_ILN_4313 ZC 7520 ZC 7520 AR 215 2010 1-4 05 06 373-397 |
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10.1007/s11270-010-0485-y doi (DE-627)OLC2084522641 (DE-He213)s11270-010-0485-y-p DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 570 333.7 VZ 12 13 ssgn BIODIV DE-30 fid ZC 7520 VZ rvk ZC 7520 VZ rvk Munksgaard, Niels C. verfasserin aut Fertilizer Amendment of Mining-Impacted Soils from Broken Hill, Australia: Fixation or Release of Contaminants? 2010 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier © Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2010 Abstract The aim of the study was to appraise various types of phosphate fertilizers (bone meal, superphosphate, triple superphosphate, and potassium orthophosphate) for immobilizing metals and metalloids in mining-impacted soils from Broken Hill, Australia. Soils were rich in metals (Pb, Zn, Cu, and Cd) and metalloids (As and Sb) which were mainly contained in minor to trace amounts of coronadite [$ PbMn_{8} $$ O_{16} $], kintoreite [$ PbFe_{3} $($ PO_{4} $)2(OH,$ H_{2} $O)6], Pb, and Zn sulfides and sulfates (possibly sphalerite, galena, and anglesite) as well as in unidentified soluble metal-bearing phases. Phosphate stabilization experiments were conducted as kinetic column leaching experiments, and chemical and mineralogical changes were assessed using elemental, sulfur isotope, and XRD analyses as well as electron microprobe phase mapping. The application of phosphate fertilizer to the metal-contaminated topsoils led to mineralogical changes, including the formation of secondary metal-bearing phosphates. The elemental concentrations of leachates were used as a criterion to assess the performance of phosphate treatments. Potassium orthophosphate fertilizer was the most effective amendment for Cd stabilization; superphosphate and triple superphosphate fertilizers were the most effective amendments for Pb stabilization. By contrast, the release of As, Cu, Mn, Sb, and Zn were not significantly suppressed, and in several cases, increased, using bone meal, superphosphate, triple superphosphate, and potassium orthophosphate amendments. This study indicates that in situ phosphate stabilization of mining-impacted soils at Broken Hill would most likely be a complex and impractical undertaking in residential areas due to the risk of substantial metal, metalloid, phosphate, and sulfate release. Phosphate amendment Metal immobilization Contaminated soil Remediation Lottermoser, Bernd G. aut Enthalten in Water, air & soil pollution Springer Netherlands, 1971 215(2010), 1-4 vom: 05. Juni, Seite 373-397 (DE-627)12929134X (DE-600)120499-3 (DE-576)014472643 0049-6979 nnns volume:215 year:2010 number:1-4 day:05 month:06 pages:373-397 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-010-0485-y lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC FID-BIODIV SSG-OLC-UMW SSG-OLC-TEC SSG-OLC-FOR SSG-OLC-IBL SSG-OPC-GGO GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4082 GBV_ILN_4219 GBV_ILN_4309 GBV_ILN_4313 ZC 7520 ZC 7520 AR 215 2010 1-4 05 06 373-397 |
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10.1007/s11270-010-0485-y doi (DE-627)OLC2084522641 (DE-He213)s11270-010-0485-y-p DE-627 ger DE-627 rakwb eng 570 333.7 VZ 12 13 ssgn BIODIV DE-30 fid ZC 7520 VZ rvk ZC 7520 VZ rvk Munksgaard, Niels C. verfasserin aut Fertilizer Amendment of Mining-Impacted Soils from Broken Hill, Australia: Fixation or Release of Contaminants? 2010 Text txt rdacontent ohne Hilfsmittel zu benutzen n rdamedia Band nc rdacarrier © Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2010 Abstract The aim of the study was to appraise various types of phosphate fertilizers (bone meal, superphosphate, triple superphosphate, and potassium orthophosphate) for immobilizing metals and metalloids in mining-impacted soils from Broken Hill, Australia. Soils were rich in metals (Pb, Zn, Cu, and Cd) and metalloids (As and Sb) which were mainly contained in minor to trace amounts of coronadite [$ PbMn_{8} $$ O_{16} $], kintoreite [$ PbFe_{3} $($ PO_{4} $)2(OH,$ H_{2} $O)6], Pb, and Zn sulfides and sulfates (possibly sphalerite, galena, and anglesite) as well as in unidentified soluble metal-bearing phases. Phosphate stabilization experiments were conducted as kinetic column leaching experiments, and chemical and mineralogical changes were assessed using elemental, sulfur isotope, and XRD analyses as well as electron microprobe phase mapping. The application of phosphate fertilizer to the metal-contaminated topsoils led to mineralogical changes, including the formation of secondary metal-bearing phosphates. The elemental concentrations of leachates were used as a criterion to assess the performance of phosphate treatments. Potassium orthophosphate fertilizer was the most effective amendment for Cd stabilization; superphosphate and triple superphosphate fertilizers were the most effective amendments for Pb stabilization. By contrast, the release of As, Cu, Mn, Sb, and Zn were not significantly suppressed, and in several cases, increased, using bone meal, superphosphate, triple superphosphate, and potassium orthophosphate amendments. This study indicates that in situ phosphate stabilization of mining-impacted soils at Broken Hill would most likely be a complex and impractical undertaking in residential areas due to the risk of substantial metal, metalloid, phosphate, and sulfate release. Phosphate amendment Metal immobilization Contaminated soil Remediation Lottermoser, Bernd G. aut Enthalten in Water, air & soil pollution Springer Netherlands, 1971 215(2010), 1-4 vom: 05. Juni, Seite 373-397 (DE-627)12929134X (DE-600)120499-3 (DE-576)014472643 0049-6979 nnns volume:215 year:2010 number:1-4 day:05 month:06 pages:373-397 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-010-0485-y lizenzpflichtig Volltext GBV_USEFLAG_A SYSFLAG_A GBV_OLC FID-BIODIV SSG-OLC-UMW SSG-OLC-TEC SSG-OLC-FOR SSG-OLC-IBL SSG-OPC-GGO GBV_ILN_22 GBV_ILN_70 GBV_ILN_2006 GBV_ILN_2027 GBV_ILN_4012 GBV_ILN_4082 GBV_ILN_4219 GBV_ILN_4309 GBV_ILN_4313 ZC 7520 ZC 7520 AR 215 2010 1-4 05 06 373-397 |
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Munksgaard, Niels C. ddc 570 ssgn 12 fid BIODIV rvk ZC 7520 misc Phosphate amendment misc Metal immobilization misc Contaminated soil misc Remediation Fertilizer Amendment of Mining-Impacted Soils from Broken Hill, Australia: Fixation or Release of Contaminants? |
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570 333.7 VZ 12 13 ssgn BIODIV DE-30 fid ZC 7520 VZ rvk Fertilizer Amendment of Mining-Impacted Soils from Broken Hill, Australia: Fixation or Release of Contaminants? Phosphate amendment Metal immobilization Contaminated soil Remediation |
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Fertilizer Amendment of Mining-Impacted Soils from Broken Hill, Australia: Fixation or Release of Contaminants? |
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fertilizer amendment of mining-impacted soils from broken hill, australia: fixation or release of contaminants? |
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Fertilizer Amendment of Mining-Impacted Soils from Broken Hill, Australia: Fixation or Release of Contaminants? |
abstract |
Abstract The aim of the study was to appraise various types of phosphate fertilizers (bone meal, superphosphate, triple superphosphate, and potassium orthophosphate) for immobilizing metals and metalloids in mining-impacted soils from Broken Hill, Australia. Soils were rich in metals (Pb, Zn, Cu, and Cd) and metalloids (As and Sb) which were mainly contained in minor to trace amounts of coronadite [$ PbMn_{8} $$ O_{16} $], kintoreite [$ PbFe_{3} $($ PO_{4} $)2(OH,$ H_{2} $O)6], Pb, and Zn sulfides and sulfates (possibly sphalerite, galena, and anglesite) as well as in unidentified soluble metal-bearing phases. Phosphate stabilization experiments were conducted as kinetic column leaching experiments, and chemical and mineralogical changes were assessed using elemental, sulfur isotope, and XRD analyses as well as electron microprobe phase mapping. The application of phosphate fertilizer to the metal-contaminated topsoils led to mineralogical changes, including the formation of secondary metal-bearing phosphates. The elemental concentrations of leachates were used as a criterion to assess the performance of phosphate treatments. Potassium orthophosphate fertilizer was the most effective amendment for Cd stabilization; superphosphate and triple superphosphate fertilizers were the most effective amendments for Pb stabilization. By contrast, the release of As, Cu, Mn, Sb, and Zn were not significantly suppressed, and in several cases, increased, using bone meal, superphosphate, triple superphosphate, and potassium orthophosphate amendments. This study indicates that in situ phosphate stabilization of mining-impacted soils at Broken Hill would most likely be a complex and impractical undertaking in residential areas due to the risk of substantial metal, metalloid, phosphate, and sulfate release. © Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2010 |
abstractGer |
Abstract The aim of the study was to appraise various types of phosphate fertilizers (bone meal, superphosphate, triple superphosphate, and potassium orthophosphate) for immobilizing metals and metalloids in mining-impacted soils from Broken Hill, Australia. Soils were rich in metals (Pb, Zn, Cu, and Cd) and metalloids (As and Sb) which were mainly contained in minor to trace amounts of coronadite [$ PbMn_{8} $$ O_{16} $], kintoreite [$ PbFe_{3} $($ PO_{4} $)2(OH,$ H_{2} $O)6], Pb, and Zn sulfides and sulfates (possibly sphalerite, galena, and anglesite) as well as in unidentified soluble metal-bearing phases. Phosphate stabilization experiments were conducted as kinetic column leaching experiments, and chemical and mineralogical changes were assessed using elemental, sulfur isotope, and XRD analyses as well as electron microprobe phase mapping. The application of phosphate fertilizer to the metal-contaminated topsoils led to mineralogical changes, including the formation of secondary metal-bearing phosphates. The elemental concentrations of leachates were used as a criterion to assess the performance of phosphate treatments. Potassium orthophosphate fertilizer was the most effective amendment for Cd stabilization; superphosphate and triple superphosphate fertilizers were the most effective amendments for Pb stabilization. By contrast, the release of As, Cu, Mn, Sb, and Zn were not significantly suppressed, and in several cases, increased, using bone meal, superphosphate, triple superphosphate, and potassium orthophosphate amendments. This study indicates that in situ phosphate stabilization of mining-impacted soils at Broken Hill would most likely be a complex and impractical undertaking in residential areas due to the risk of substantial metal, metalloid, phosphate, and sulfate release. © Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2010 |
abstract_unstemmed |
Abstract The aim of the study was to appraise various types of phosphate fertilizers (bone meal, superphosphate, triple superphosphate, and potassium orthophosphate) for immobilizing metals and metalloids in mining-impacted soils from Broken Hill, Australia. Soils were rich in metals (Pb, Zn, Cu, and Cd) and metalloids (As and Sb) which were mainly contained in minor to trace amounts of coronadite [$ PbMn_{8} $$ O_{16} $], kintoreite [$ PbFe_{3} $($ PO_{4} $)2(OH,$ H_{2} $O)6], Pb, and Zn sulfides and sulfates (possibly sphalerite, galena, and anglesite) as well as in unidentified soluble metal-bearing phases. Phosphate stabilization experiments were conducted as kinetic column leaching experiments, and chemical and mineralogical changes were assessed using elemental, sulfur isotope, and XRD analyses as well as electron microprobe phase mapping. The application of phosphate fertilizer to the metal-contaminated topsoils led to mineralogical changes, including the formation of secondary metal-bearing phosphates. The elemental concentrations of leachates were used as a criterion to assess the performance of phosphate treatments. Potassium orthophosphate fertilizer was the most effective amendment for Cd stabilization; superphosphate and triple superphosphate fertilizers were the most effective amendments for Pb stabilization. By contrast, the release of As, Cu, Mn, Sb, and Zn were not significantly suppressed, and in several cases, increased, using bone meal, superphosphate, triple superphosphate, and potassium orthophosphate amendments. This study indicates that in situ phosphate stabilization of mining-impacted soils at Broken Hill would most likely be a complex and impractical undertaking in residential areas due to the risk of substantial metal, metalloid, phosphate, and sulfate release. © Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2010 |
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